Transfer transaction code. What is VO Code (type of transaction code)? Quvo for operations

Moreover, unless otherwise provided by Federal Law No. 173-FZ dated December 10, 2003, settlements for currency transactions are made by resident legal entities through bank accounts (paragraph 1, part 2, Article 14 of Federal Law No. 173-FZ dated December 10, 2003).

Payment of wages for a limited list of transactions that resident organizations can carry out in cash in the interests of non-resident individuals, in Part 2 of Art. 14 is not named.

Moreover, the Federal Tax Service confirmed that wages to a non-resident employee can only be paid in non-cash form (Letter of the Federal Tax Service dated August 29, 2016 No. ZN-4-17/15799).

And for carrying out an illegal currency transaction, a fine is imposed on citizens, officials and organizations in the amount of 75% to 100% of the amount of the illegal currency transaction (in this case, wages paid in cash).

At the same time, the current currency legislation does not oblige a non-resident employee to open a bank account to receive his salary.

Consequently, it can be assumed that both the issuance of wages in cash and the transfer of it to the account of a non-resident are equivalent from the point of view of its legality and are determined only by the agreement reached on this issue by the employee and the employer.

How to correctly indicate the currency transaction code

When transferring a salary to a non-resident, the payment purpose may look like this:

(70060) Salary for October 2016

When calculations and documentation regarding currency transactions take place, it is mandatory to indicate the code of the type of currency transaction. This is a very serious issue, so it is necessary to understand this topic in more detail.

Areas of application

When performing actions with currency, codes are used by people making payments when they fill out payment documentation, and the money is indicated in rubles. If one party is a non-resident, it can be both the one who pays and the one who receives the funds. This also includes a non-resident (bank), which is responsible for the resident’s current account.

KVBO are needed to ensure control, monitoring and analysis of information on payments made by two persons. Certificate filled out by the resident must have KVVO:

1. When funds are credited or debited between two persons in rubles.
2. When the currency of another state is credited or debited to a transit account from a current account.

In addition, currency codes are required when performing actions such as debiting Russian currency from the bank account of one of the parties to the transaction. In such situations, the responsible bank issues a payment order.

Currency transactions that are carried out between two persons (resident and non-resident) are divided into two types:

1. Carrying out current foreign exchange operations.
2. Carrying out actions with currency that are associated with capital movements.

Carrying out currency control

All actions carried out with foreign currency have absolute control by the state. It is carried out on the basis of the laws and regulations of the Russian Federation.

Regulatory acts apply to the activities of residents and non-residents. Residents are also legal entities that are created in accordance with the laws of the state. Legal entities that were created on the basis of the legislative framework of foreign states serve as non-residents.

Currency transactions of residents and non-residents are carried out through responsible banks. In connection with control, residents must provide banking organizations with all necessary information, as well as:

• preliminary deadlines for receiving currency (rubles or foreign currency) from non-residents for fulfilling obligations under the agreement;
• expected deadlines for fulfilling contractual obligations.

The preparation of documentation and requirements is carried out in accordance with the Instructions of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation. It specifies the necessary procedure for the resident to provide relevant documentation and currency transaction codes specified in payment orders.

What it is

KVBO is a so-called requisite, which consists of five numbers and encrypts the essence of the financial actions being carried out. This code is placed in curly braces before the text.

(VO******), where

V.O.– Latin letters in words, ****** - numbers that correspond to KVBO.

It is worth noting that there should be no spaces in parentheses.

What designations do KKVO have?

Let's look at the main KVBOs, which are indicated in brackets after the Latin letters. Among the many codes used when conducting currency transactions, a common one is KVBO for paying wages to a non-resident. In this case, use KVVO 70060.

Basic KVBO:

In addition, KVVO must be indicated when following situations:

1. When a certificate is filled out stating that currency movements were carried out.
2. In case of filling out payment orders for payment in Russian rubles.

The requirement to indicate a code, which is a cipher for currency movements, also applies to individual entrepreneurs who, in accordance with the current legislation of Russia, are engaged in running their own business.

The legislative framework of the Russian Federation determines action list, which are classified as currency:

• purchase by a resident of some currency or valuables (being foreign currency);
• purchase or use by two persons (resident and non-resident) of currency values, currency and securities;
• import or export outside the territory of Russia of Russian rubles, valuables and securities;
• operations related to the transfer of foreign and national currencies, securities that have value in accounts opened in the Russian Federation or abroad;
• transfers made by non-residents in foreign currency (rubles), securities. of value.

Remember that operations, according to regulatory legal acts, also include transactions carried out in Russian rubles. It is also worth noting that the KVVO must necessarily correspond to the information that the resident provides to the bank. This code fits into a field called .

In addition, according to legislative documents, transfers that go through bank accounts or without them can be made only with confirmation of payment. These include:

1. Payment order.
2. Electronic funds transfer.
3. Letters of credit.
4. Collection orders.
5. Payment transfers upon request for receipt.

About the details

Details are mandatory information for a payment order. If they are missing, the bank will not be able to fulfill the client’s orders related to money transfers. Each detail is assigned its own number. It is important to remember that in order to avoid unpleasant situations, the order must be filled out with maximum accuracy.

Don't create unnecessary difficulties for yourself. Enter detailed information in the payment explanation:

1. Be sure to include the contract number and date.
2. The name of the product or service for which the payment is being made.
3. Type of payment under the agreement (advance payment, repeat payment, etc.).

Before making a payment, you must consult with your partner and clarify all possible details.

How to make a payment in the Russian Federation

If a resident is located in Latvia and he makes a transfer to a resident from Russia, then he is a non-resident, and the recipient will remain a resident. Therefore, from the list of codes you need to select the one that will correspond to the value "from non-resident to resident".

Possible payers when committing CVVO:

• payer is an organization in Russia, recipient of finance is a foreign citizen or company;
• the payer is a resident, makes a transfer to his or a second resident’s account in a foreign bank;
• payer – foreign citizen or organization;
• the payer is a financial agent, and the recipient is also a company in Russia.

What can happen if you fill it out incorrectly?

If an error is made during the operation, the credit institution will refuse to accept the payment. Banks, according to the legislation of the Russian Federation, are responsible for such transactions and monitor their implementation. This situation can only be resolved by drawing up a new settlement document.

It is also worth noting that there is some circumstances, where the code may not have an influential meaning. Even if it was indicated incorrectly during the preparation of payment documents, payments can be made in the proper amount (if the payment is made under a letter of credit, when a non-resident carries out a foreign exchange transaction using a bank card, and so on).

There is also another way that will help simplify the transaction process for the payer - You can enter into an agreement with a credit institution, according to which she herself will deal with the preparation of settlement documents. The payer will only need to provide all the necessary information.

Remember that when making foreign exchange transactions, especially in transactions that relate to foreign economic activity, you can lose a lot of money or get into unpleasant situations. This can be explained by any force majeure situations or incorrect execution of settlement documentation.

Bank may appoint a responsible person, which will act as an agent when working with payment orders. It uses certificates and supporting documents about their execution to record and control payment transactions.

All codes for currency transactions are divided into groups and each is responsible for a specific type of payment. These include:

1. Transactions carried out by residents in non-cash form.
2. Transactions carried out by non-residents via non-cash form.
3. Investment payments.
4. Payments related to non-trading transactions.

Foreign exchange transactions that are associated with the movement of capital are those that are carried out between two persons and do not relate to current. Current operations are those that do not have restrictions, but the exception is the conduct of foreign exchange transactions involving the execution of a transfer by a resident through a gift agreement.

It is also worth noting that for transactions in Russian currency there is one form for everyone. In turn, when conducting foreign exchange transactions with foreign currencies, you can use free form of payment order. But remember that you should still contact a specialist in this field to avoid trouble. By approaching this issue responsibly, problems with transaction codes and, accordingly, transferring funds will not arise.

Currency transactions in 1C Accounting are presented in this lesson.

The Regulations on the Rules for Transferring Money (Central Bank of the Russian Federation dated June 19, 2012 No. 383-P) does not contain a form of foreign currency payment order. It is not included in the All-Russian Classifier of Management Documentation (OKUD) OK 011-93 (Resolution of the State Standard of Russia dated December 30, 1993 No. 299). Therefore, each bank (commercial or state) uses its own form of payment document and the procedure for filling it out.

Features of drawing up a foreign currency payment order

The emergence of “bank clients” has replaced paper forms in the banking sector. Although paper forms are still used, for example, to print and create a backup copy.

The payment order form and the procedure for filling it out are necessary for such an area as foreign exchange transactions. Payment in foreign currency must meet the requirements:

• Russian legislation on currency regulation and control;
• international standards ISO (International Organization for Standardization);
• standards of the SWIFT (Society for World Wide Interbank Financial Telecommunications) system.

Currency payment order form

Important! The codes located on the left (for example 33B, 52a, etc.) correspond to a specific field of the SWIFT format in the international ISO system. According to SWIFT standards, such payments do not allow the use of characters like: №, %, #, $, &, “ “, =, @, \, ( ), , ;, *,!, _,< >.

The correctness of the details is important for both the payer and the bank for the purposes of:

• reducing the risk of erroneous execution of orders for payment in foreign currency;
• acceleration of currency control procedures and greater efficiency of payment;
• reducing translation costs by reducing the number of investigations into unaccepted or erroneously accepted payments;
• fulfillment of obligations to the counterparty without additional costs, including due to failure to meet payment deadlines.

Currency control

All transactions with foreign currency are under special control of the state. The main regulatory legislative act of December 10, 2003 No. 173-FZ. The regulation procedure is determined by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation and the Government (Clause 1, Article 5 No. 173-FZ).

The law primarily applies to residents and non-residents. Residents include, inter alia, legal entities created in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, and non-residents include legal entities created in accordance with the legislation of foreign states and located outside the territory of the Russian Federation (Article 1 No. 173-FZ).

Currency transactions between residents and non-residents are carried out through authorized banks (Clause 1.1, Article 19. No. 173-FZ).

As part of control, residents are required to provide authorized banks with the information specified in clause 1.1. Art. 19. No. 173-FZ, including:

• the expected timing of receiving foreign currency or Russian currency from non-residents for the fulfillment of obligations under contracts;
• expected deadlines for non-residents to fulfill obligations under contracts.

Documentation of control requirements is carried out on the basis of Instruction of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation dated June 4, 2012 No. 138-I. It contains the procedure for residents to provide control documents, the forms of these documents, as well as information for filling them out, in particular, code of the type of currency transaction in the payment order.

Types and codes of currency transactions

Appendix 2 of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation Instruction No. 138-I contains a list of transactions of residents and non-residents. It is used to process transactions and related documents. Currency transaction code in the payment order indicated on the basis of the data defined in the List.

Here are some codes in general form (the code for the type of operation group is not considered):

Thus, type of currency transaction in the payment order indicated by numbers.

As noted earlier, the absence of a unified federal form of payment order for the transfer of foreign currency has led to the appearance in each bank of some differences in the details and procedure for filling out this document.

Another feature is that currently filling out almost every banking document is carried out through the “bank-client” application interface, which also differs from the type of similar program in another bank.

With this specificity in mind, we will step by step consider the procedure for filling out a payment order, using the form from the first section of our article.

Sample of filling out a foreign currency payment order

Let's consider the conditions that:

• a transaction is completed for our payment of 10,000 US dollars to the Turkish supplier (hereinafter referred to as the beneficiary), in the form of advance payment for goods imported into the territory of the Russian Federation;
• payment is made directly from a current account in Sberbank (without purchasing currency);
• terms of payment: commissions of our bank are carried out at the expense of the payer, and commissions and expenses of other banks are at the expense of the beneficiary client (SHA details in the “Commissions and expenses” section of the order).

Step 1: details of the parties

Indicate not only the details of the beneficiary and his bank (indicating, if necessary, the clearing code), but also your own details in English: international details of your bank, foreign currency account number and more.

Below, in the filling samples, improvised details of the parties are indicated; in fact, they are determined by the foreign trade agreement.

Details are indicated in the currency order in capital letters (upper case).

Step 2: Exchange control data

At this stage, information from the transaction passport can be used.

Step 3: filling out the top part (“header”) of the order

Indicate the document number, the date of its preparation, the payment amount and the ISO code of the payment currency (in the example, the code is US dollars, USD).

Step 4: payer details

Enter the data collected in step 1 in the fields of the “Payer Client” and “Payer Bank” sections.

Step 5: recipient details

Enter the data collected in step 1 in the fields of the “Beneficiary Bank” and “Beneficiary Client” sections.

Step 6: Section “Payment Purposes” and “Commissions”

Indicate the purpose of payment (in English, not Turkish) and check the SHA option (see payment terms at the beginning of this section of the article).

Step 7: Opcode

Indicate the code of the type of operation, defining it in Appendix 2 of the Instruction of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation No. 138-I. For our case it will be:

In addition, if the transaction passport has already been issued, then its number and date are indicated. Since the example considers an advance payment for goods, the field “Customer declaration No.” is not filled in, since the goods have not yet been delivered.

The registration is completed with the signatures of authorized persons of the organization and a seal (if applicable).

The general appearance of the completed order should be like this.

The digital code of the currency transaction in the payment order is filled in when drawing up settlement documentation for payments in foreign currency. Why exactly is it necessary to indicate such information and what legislative acts are regulated by the KVVO - more on this later.

Based on sub. 3.1-3.4 Instructions of the Bank of Russia No. 138-I dated June 4, 2012, the execution of payment orders for foreign exchange payments requires the correct indication of the KVVO (code of the type of foreign exchange transaction). The five-digit indicator is entered in the line Purpose of payment at the beginning of the text sentence and has the following structure:

In this case, ***** is a designation of the type of foreign exchange transaction.

Note! Spaces in data inside curly braces are prohibited. The full list of approved QUOs is contained in Appendix 2 to the Instructions.

What monetary payments are recognized as foreign exchange according to the provisions of Law No. 173-FZ of December 10, 2003:

• Write-off of ruble funds or their receipt in favor of/from a non-resident of the Russian Federation.
• Write-off of foreign currency funds or their receipt from/to the corresponding foreign currency bank accounts of residents, as well as non-residents.
• Write-off of any funds or their receipt from accounts (accounts) in banking institutions recognized by non-residents.

Code of the type of currency transaction in a payment order - mechanism of action

Each of the existing digital VBOs is theoretically divided into 2 interdependent subparts. The first consists of two digits and implies the group of the currency transaction being performed; the second includes three numbers explaining the type of VO.

For example, KVVO 01030 is used to indicate the acquisition by a Russian enterprise of foreign currency for rubles by writing off finances from the account:

• 01 – non-cash monetary transactions between participants who are residents of the Russian Federation.
• 030 – purchase of any foreign currency for rubles.

Code of the type of currency transaction in a payment order - basic values

To better understand the essence of the topic, let’s consider the commonly used values ​​of KVBO. One of the most popular indicators is the code of the currency transaction for the salary of a non-resident. The specified coding is applied when an employer who is a resident of the Russian Federation transfers wages and other charges (with the exception of those attributable to code 70125) for the performance of labor duties to employees recognized as non-residents of our country.

• Currency transaction code 10100 - valid for mutual settlements between non-residents and residents as part of the transfer of prepayment for foreign economic activity when exporting products/goods abroad, incl. on agency transactions, on the execution of orders/commissions. In addition to gr. 22.
• Currency transaction code 10800 - used in mutual settlements between residents and Russian non-residents as part of the transfer of previously received cash surplus for the export of products outside the Russian Federation. Except KVVO 22800.
• Currency transaction code 11200 - denotes such payments by residents, the implementation of which takes into account the deferment provided by the non-resident party, including payment for intermediary relations. In addition to gr. 23.
• Currency transaction code 13010 – is valid for mutual settlements between non-residents and Russian residents for products sold in their home country. Except KVVO 22300, 22210, 22110.
• Currency transaction code 20200 – is valid for mutual settlements between non-residents and Russian residents for various types of work performed by the resident party, including information provided and products of intellectual activity. In addition to KVVO 20400, gr. 22, gr. 58.
• Currency transaction code 21100 - decoding implies the transfer of an advance by a resident to a non-resident. In addition to KVVO 21400, gr. 23, gr. 58.
• Currency transaction type code 21200 – valid for mutual settlements for non-resident services by a Russian resident. In addition to KVVO 21400, gr. 23, gr. 58.
• Currency transaction code 61100 – shows the transit movement (transfer) of foreign currency between the resident’s foreign currency bank accounts.
• Currency transaction code 70060 - used for non-trading settlements, or more precisely when a resident company pays a salary to a non-resident specialist. This also includes the issuance of other similar amounts. Except code 70125.
• Currency transaction code 99020 – used when returning funds to a non-resident in the event of an erroneous debit or credit.

Note! The full index of KVVO is located in Appendix No. 2 No. 138-I.

The procedure for preparing settlement documents is determined by the Bank of Russia. If we are talking about transferring funds in favor of non-residents, then in the “Purpose of payment” field you must indicate the currency transaction code. How not to make a mistake, read this article.

Codes of types of currency transactions (KVVO) are contained in Appendix 2 to Instructions of the Bank of Russia dated June 4, 2012 No. 138-I. They must be indicated in settlement documents in certain strictly defined cases:

1. When filling out a certificate of currency transactions.
2. When filling out a payment order for a transfer in Russian currency, as well as in any foreign currency, if the transaction is foreign currency, when:

• the payer is a Russian organization, and the recipient of funds is a foreign company or citizen;
• the payer is a resident - when making transfers to his own accounts or to the accounts of another resident opened in a bank outside of Russia;
• the payer is a foreign organization or citizen;
• the payer is a financial agent (factor), the recipient is also a Russian company (and vice versa), in the case of settlements within the framework of a financing agreement concluded between them for the assignment of a monetary claim (factoring) and (or) an agreement on the subsequent assignment of a monetary claim.

What is a currency transaction type code?

The code for the type of currency transaction in the payment order must be indicated before the text part in the “Purpose of payment” detail. There is even a special format for this important prop:

(VO<код вида валютных операций>}

It must be specified exactly this way, without indentations or spaces inside the curly braces. Its place is before the text part of the payment purpose. The VO designation is large Latin letters that do not change; they must be followed by the digital code itself. In a payment order it always has five characters. Each KVVO is conventionally divided into two parts:

• the first two digits indicate the group into which similar transfers are combined;
• the last three digits indicate a number that specifies the transfer being made in accordance with currency legislation.

How to decipher KVVO

There is a table with which you can easily decipher the first two digits of any KVVO.

Let's try to decipher the operation code 10100.

From the table above we immediately see that it is associated with the export of goods. This code usually denotes an advance payment to a resident for goods exported from Russia. The numbers “100” at the end will tell us this. In a similar way, you can decipher any type of currency transaction in a payment order. But in order to simplify the work, the Central Bank has developed a special table that contains all the necessary values. You can download it at the end of this article.

Sample of filling out a payment order for a non-resident (in Russian rubles)

The payment order is filled out for the transfer of Russian rubles, so its usual filling procedure is maintained in accordance with the documents and details of the counterparty, except for the currency transaction code, which must be indicated in the final field of the payment order. To do this, before the text in the “Purpose of payment” field, you need to write VO in capital Latin letters, and then the five-digit transaction code from the table below. The code must be enclosed in curly braces.

Let’s assume that the Russian organization VESNA LLC needs to pay wages to its employee who works remotely from Kazakhstan and is not a resident of the Russian Federation. In this case, you need to fill out the payment form as usual, and in the appropriate field write:

(VO70060) Salary of Abdurakhmanov Ilyas Karimovich for July 2017.

This entry on the payment slip will look something like this.