Why do you need cars. Why do machines need, what time can car owners cost

Lesson on the world around 1 class

topic: "Why do you need cars?»

The form of academic work - class-grade.

Type of lesson: Studying a new material.

Basic concepts: Cars (cargo, passenger, sports, special).

Acquired skills of children:

application of knowledge about the types of road transport for its intended purpose.

Formations of the organization of the work of children: independent work, work in groups, frontal work.

The purpose of the lesson: to form ideas about the diversity of road transport, develop cognitive interest and horizons of students, comply with the requirements for the lesson from the position of health care.

Tasks lesson:

1. Formation of concepts: car, types of road transport for its intended purpose.

2. Development of imagination; ability to analyze, compare, group objects; Development of connected speech students.

3. Compliance with the health-saving technologies in the lesson:

Accounting age-sex features.

Accounting for the state of health of the student and its individual psycho-physiological features when choosing forms, methods and learning tools.

Structuring lesson on parts depending on the level of mental performance of students.

The use of health-saving actions to preserve the performance and expansion of the functionality of the body of students.

At the teacher:

computer, multimedia - projector;

cards with words: "Cars", "freight", "passenger", "sports", "special";

exhibition of car models.

Pupils:

tutorial A.A. Plaishakov "The world around us", grade 1, 2 part;

workbook to the textbook;

colour pencils;

envelopes with mosaic for steam work.

During the classes

1. The organizational moment.

Long-awaited dance call -

The lesson begins.

Got up, pulled up,

Smiled at each other

I looked at me and quietly sat down.

Tell me what is your mood now?

2. Introduction to the topic.

Curious ant today on the lesson brought us riddles. Let's help him solve them!

This strong car

Rides on huge tires!

Immediately half a year removed

Semitional ... (dump truck)

What a miracle, red house,

Passengers a lot in it.
Shoes wears rubber

And feeds gasoline. (Bus)

Raised up two hands up

He took two veins in fists.

"Give the road, the post,

Bringing on the pavement! " (Trolleybus)

We would be very sad,

So walked so

If b garbage from our streets

Did not leave ... (garbage truck)

We stand at the bus stop,

We will go to the new clothes.

Rails are, you do not yawning

We are in a hurry to rush ... (tram)

He and in the field and at the construction site

He is honorable hard drive.

Heaviness he puts stall

Cargo ... (truck)

Does not fly, do not buzz on the street runs,

And two shiny lights burn in the eyes of the beetle.

It gave the plant to him:

And light up in darkness, and wheels, and motor,

Missed so that in full support. (Car)

Very hot, very dry,

From the heat of SomLela Fly.

The crane does not give us water

Somewhere to know the repair goes.

Suddenly to trees and flowers

Drudik approaches the barrel.

Gently all watered and turned back.

Occupied by the work of nonsense,

Water takes ... (water)

Hey, do not stand on the road!

Machy machine over alarm.

Why should she hurry so much?

What do you mean why? Stew fire. (Fire engine)

Helping, toothy, go-wandes down the street.

There is a snow hard.

And the janitor will only pushed,

And the janitor smiles:

Snow is signed without it. (Snow removal)

Does rain 4 wheels

Tell me, what are these wonders? (Washing machine)

Well done boys!

How, in one word to call all these items? (Transport, Cars)

3. Message the topic and setting the purpose of the lesson.

Guys, suppose what we will talk about in the lesson?

The car attracts a modern man from early childhood. This is a favorite toy boys and even most girls. Today our exhibition presents the most valuable models from your collections.

I suggest play the game "Motor Show", you will be sellers of cars, you need to submit it so that we wanted to buy it.

But cars are not only toys. Today it will be about real cars.

Today at the lesson we will find out the importance of road transport, get acquainted with the car device, learn about the car of the future.

4. Increased new material.

Why do you need cars?

Guys, you see on the chalkboard pictures of cars, you need to choose one most you like and determine which group it applies, be careful on the tables lie with the title.

Division into groups

Cars

What are freight cars for? Passenger? Sports? Special?

Who drives the car?

5. Fizminutka game

" I am a driver"

What should be a real driver?

You will all turn everything into drivers and find yourself on the street of a big city, you need to drive through the city and do not hurt any car and stop no one.

Prepared! We looked at the left, right, up, down. Go!

Do you know when the first cars appeared and what were they? After all, now they do not meet them on the streets, they are in museums or private collections.

Girls reports Vintage cars.

Guys, it turns out cars running on gasoline, people invented more than a hundred years ago. They were very different from our modern cars.

The distant ancestor was a steam car. It was created in France (1769). "Cuno cart" was funny. Grebly and clumsy, with a huge steam boiler with a steaming pipe, in the middle of a chair for the driver, all this construction rolled on three wheels: ahead is one small, behind two large. The driver drove the machine using levers. The car moved at a speed of only 8 km per hour. Riders laughed at a low-speed car and easily overtook her. In this car, it was allowed to go through the speed of 3 km per hour.

The steam car was too noisy and heavy. Needed another car. Therefore, after a hundred years, a new engine created, which did not have a boiler, no firebox. The new engine worked on gasoline.

The first car did not have a roof, and the wheels resembled cycling. But he rushed along the roads with unheard of speed, overtaking carriages and riders.

(viewing illustrations with the image of the first machines)

And what else should the driver know?

Any car consists of parts. Collect the car mosaic and sign the parts of the car known to you. Check if you signed all parts | check on the standard)

What other parts of the car do you know?

You, of course, do you like to collect the designer? It consists of various small details. The car also consists of various small details. The machine consists of metal parts. It turns out that the car came up with those adults who played, played in childhood in the designer, and played. So in adulthood, they are trying to collect machine designer: simple and complex, small and large ...

The main component of any car is the engine, which in turn consists of shafts, connecting rods, pistons, valves and all this is activated using a fuel mixture - gasoline.

Each machine necessarily has a wheel. And not one thing, but a lot. And all of them are different: small and large, with cloths and without, the wheel is attached to the axis, which helps the wheel to twist. And for nothing prevented the wheel to twist, there is another very important item - the bearing. The bearing helps the wheel to spin on the axis.

The car has a whole box with small and large wheels that help the driver include different programs - the first, and second, third, fourth, fifth.

So it turns out that the most important details in the adult designer - the car, such: engine, bearing, wheel, gearbox

What is the driver who goes on big cars and is leaving far? trucker

Complex of the general exercise "Cars".

1. "Woke up, stretched"

The starting position (IP) is the main rack, head slope down, hands behind your head, elbows down.

Hands up - to the side, to raise head, get used - a deep breath; Return to I.P. - Exhale.

2. "Taking the motor"

I.P. - Standing legs apart, hands on the sides.

Turning the body to the left and right with the rotational movements of hands in front of the breast.

3. "Checking the seat belts."

I.P. - Standing, legs apart, hands along the body. The slopes to the left-right, hands slide along the body.

4. "Checking the brakes."

I.P. - Standing, hands behind his back, carry out the rotational movements of the left left - right legs alternately.

5. "Let's go!"

I.P. - O.S. We carry out walking in place, moving, in running.

Imagine that we went on a car trip.

Where will you sit down? (In the back seat). Why?

How old can you ride the front seat?

What you need to do, sitting in the car? (Fur in).

Well done, you are just exemplary passengers!

5. Fastening the material studied.

Guys, why a wise turtle put on a gas mask? Read.

What cars do you like a mud and dirtwork? Why?

What cars do not like an alkalo? (Electric car)

What are these cars?

Do you think you need such cars?

Draw a car of the future in groups.

Do you know what it would be if the cars did not need gasoline? (additional material)

Continue proposal: if the cars could ride without gasoline, then ... cars move due to the energy that is obtained from gasoline combustion. Little explosions arise in the car engine. They "spin" the engine. The engine revolves the wheels of the car. She's driving. But from these small explosions in the engine in the air there is a large amount of smoke and other harmful substances. Sometimes you can observe how to puff and smoke exhaust pipe for some buses and cars. Some adults dream to come up with such a car that would not pollute the air. What do you think: What will be the car of the future?

Cars will ride electricity? Or will they work on the energy of the sun? One thing is clear: To work, machines constantly need an energy source. Most of the types of energy originally comes to us from the sun. Wildlife - plants and animals - accumulate the energy of sunlight. When the plants are dying, they turn out to be underground. After many, many years they turn into coal, oil, natural gas. To form such fuels you need several million years. A person needs to save and take the fuel reserves on our planet.

6. The result of the lesson. Reflection

Well done, you worked well.

What new did you find out in the lesson?

What conclusion can be done? (Cars are reliable person assistants. But to use them safe, you need to know and follow the rules of the road and drivers, and pedestrians, and passengers.)

What did you like in class?

Which of you would like to create a new car?

We will start the next lesson from the drawing contest for the best car of the future.

The lesson is over. Thanks for the job.

7. Setting homework.

Guys, and at home you make your car. Cull the blanks from the working notebook and glue them.

And think why this car needs, come up with my brand.

World around us. Tutorial for grade 1 elementary school. In 2 hours / A.A. Pleushakov, - 8th ed. - M.: Enlightenment, 2009.

A.A. Plaishakov Workbook to the textbook for grade 1 "World around us." In 2 Ch. - M.: Enlightenment, 2009.

O.I.Dmitriev "Pounding developments at the rate" Envoying World "- Moscow" Vako "2006

Pedsovets. №11, 2003, p.14

Most of us since childhood dreams of a car. But how - in the culture of the CIS countries, the car is associated with success, consultation, freedom and prosperity. We buy a desired facility, but after a few years your hands begin to hide again - you want a car more powerful, more, prestigious. And if you think truly: why do you need a car? How much money are you ready to spend moving on "freedom"?

What time can car owners cost

Buying a car, you need to take into account not only its cost and prices for gasoline. Let's consider all the costs of expenses that are waiting for the new owner of the car. We will take the machine of medium characteristics like Ford Focus and Volkswagen Golf, take into account the driving experience from 4 to 7 years and the annual mileage of no more than 20,000 kilometers. What happens:

Total total costs are about 280,000 per year, or 23,500 per month. But it is worth considering that "CASCO" is far from all, and not everyone needs paid parking. We take these expenses and we get: about 90,000 rubles, or 7,500 per month. These figures sound more realistic for the average resident of the CIS countries, although they are still quite high. After all, for example, the average salary in Russia, according to Rosstat, 36,200 rubles. And we have not yet taken into account possible fines, repair and cost of annual maintenance.

Pluses of possession of their car

• You do not depend on the schedule of public transport.
• If you want to suddenly go somewhere in aptive time (for example, at night), you do not need to order a taxi.
• You feel freedom of movements.
• In some cases (for example, in certain professional spheres), a good car is really considered an important status thing.
• By your car, you can solve the problem of moving in small provincial cities or outside the city (in view of the underdeveloped public transport or its absence).
• If you urgently needed money, the car can always be sold.
• In the rain, blizzard, cold and severe heat is much more pleasant to go on your car than to expect transport at the bus stop.
• Detox organism: When you are always driving, you stop drinking alcohol. This, of course, joke 🙂 But items are more than serious.

Cons possession of their car:

• High cost of a good car.
• Financial costs for the monthly content of the car. What we wrote about above.
• The problem of traffic jams in large cities. Sometimes travel time by car exceeds five times (!) The time you would spend in public transport to get to the same destination.
• Problem storage machine. Leave the car outside under the snow and rain is not the best idea. And buy or rent a garage is quite expensive.

As you can see, the issue of ownership by the car rests on financial spending on its service. What are the alternatives to ownership by their car, we will tell you in the next article. For now - you can appreciate how much your personal budget eats your car. To do this, use

Presentation to the lesson of the surrounding world, class 1 UMK "School of Russia" Author: Nikiforova Natalya Vasilyevna, primary school teacher MKOU "Gremyachenskaya SOSH" Khokholsky district, Voronezh region

"Why do you need cars?"

Guess the riddle:

Drinks gasoline like milk,

Can run far.

Cars loads and people.

Are you familiar, of course, with her?

It is difficult to present our life without a car.

It is impossible and think that suddenly empty

streets and highways. And a hundred years ago, this transport was a wonder. Most people believed that he is absolutely not needed, since

better and most reliable - a horse.

jim on the riddle

And what is a car?

Cars are terrestrial transport.

They are needed so that people can quickly move to the places they need, carry loads and passengers.

jim on the question

Now the car is the most

and the usual mode of transportation for people. Cars are our friends and assistants. Today, there is almost half a billion passenger cars on our planet. And every day they get them

more.

How did they appear and become such as we see them today?

If you asked who invented

the car, this question would be difficult to answer. And it would be more difficult to say: when and where is the car born?

jim on the question

The wheel of the wheel is very old - drove on wheels

and a thousand years ago. And the engine is very young -

he is about a hundred years old. Inventors in different countries tried to build such a cart that would run herself without a horse.

Two hundred years ago Nizhny Novgorod Master

Leontius Shamshurenkov decided to build his "self-brave stroller" so that her wheels are driven by people. The stroller made by him ran without a horse. Two people stood in this four-wheeled covered stroller and worked, but others calmly drove, sitting on benches

and doing nothing.

"Self-graded stroller"

The wonderful Russian inventor Ivan Petrovich Kulibin learned about this "self-trailer". He began to think about how to improve the stroller. And he managed to build such a "scooter", which only one person could lead through.

"Scout"

Vintage cars

What cars exist today and what are they needed for?

Types of transport

Passenger

Cargo

Special

Trolleybus

A car

Truck

Dump truck

Tank

Excavator

Bulldozer

Lifting

Fireman

Ambulance

Products

Sports cars

Car device

While driving you need to use seat belts, and children ride in a special chair!

Thank you kids

Teacher Car Car Taxi Cars

Car Cart Stroller Kulibini Safe

Vintage cars: 1 2 3 4 5

Belts Children

Drawing on 13 slide scanned with a textbook on the world for grade 1 2 Part A.A. Pleashakova, p.60

Internet sources

Ready? Continue lines.

So I was lucky

I do not need to eat oats.

Feed me with gasoline,

On the hooves give me tires,

And, raising the swirl dust,

Ries ... (car).

What is the source of energy for the car? (Petrol.)

The first cars working on gasoline, people invented more than a hundred years ago.

Open the textbook on C.112 (bottom drawing). See how vintage cars looked like.

Is it possible to meet such cars on the roads now. (No, only in museums and private collections)

Yes, modern cars look different. But no matter how many cars looked, they were always helped with a person.

Look at the top Figure p.112. Tell me why these cars are created?

So all cars can be divided into the following groups:

(The teacher hangs on the card board)

freight passenger sports

(5 presentation slide.)

Look at the screen. Name cars. (Ambulance, Police, Ministry of Emergency Situations, Fire

These cars belong to the special group.

(The teacher hangs on the board "Special" card)

freight passenger sports special

Find special cars among models at the exhibition.

(Children fit the table and choose the necessary models of cars)

Open the notebook, from 46 №1. Where are these cars rushing? Take a pencil and connect the car lines and its destination.

(Children perform the task on their own.)

(6 presentation slide.)

Check. Look at the screen.

Close the notebook.

Let's rest a little. Repeat after me.

(Song on the words S.Mikhalkov "Song of Friends" (7 Slide presentation.). Children repeat the movements for the teacher)

On your tables are envelopes with mosaic. Collect a car out of pieces. Work in a pair.

(Teacher shows pictures with the image of cars)

Raise the hands of those guys who have a cargo car, a bus, a car.

Any car consists of parts. Consider the device of the car. Look at p. 113 tutorial (top drawing) and guess the parts of the car.

1. Tell me what is called the car's heart? (Engine)
   

1. What is the name of the car body? (Body)
   

1. Guess the riddle
   

Brother Brother is chasing, will not catch up. (Wheels)

1. Rebus (headlight) (8 Slide presentation.)
   

1. Rebus (Branca) (9 Slide Presentation.)
   

What part of the car drivers are often called a beam? Why? Why do you need a steering wheel?

1. Another very important piece of car.
   

(10 presentation slide.)

They serve in order to protect the driver and passengers in the way and keep their lives in cases of accident. (Seat belts)

On the safety of pedestrians on the roads, we talked many times with you. Today in the lesson we imagine yourself by drivers and passengers.

Drivers, like pedestrians, must comply with the rules of the road. Help them in this road signs. Name them.

(The teacher shows the cards with the image of road signs, children call them)

Well done.

(11 Slide Presentation.)

Look at the screen. What do you see (bus stop)

Do all children behave correctly?

(Transport needs to be waiting at the bus stop. At the same time, in no case can not go out on the roadway! The girl is incorrect!)

(12 Slide Presentation.)

So, bus drove up, you took our places.

(13 presentation slide.)

Do children behave correctly in the cabin?

(Prohibited:
- sticking hands, legs and head into the window;
- pushed and run;
- talk loudly, to behave noisy;
- stand on the steps at the entrance;
- clamping on the door, because the bus may unexpectedly stop and open them;
- litter.)

(14 Slide Presentation.)

What does the next slide remind you of? (It is necessary to give way to elderly people, disabled, passengers with children.)

(15 Presentation Slide.)

Guys, tell me what the rules must be observed if you are driving in a passenger car with dad?

(Necessary:

1. use seat belts.
   

Do not:

1. be on the front seats for children under 12 years;
   
2. distract the driver;
   
3. open the doors of the machine when it goes or is waiting for a green traffic light signal.)
   

Well done. Let's play in the "traffic light". I ask everyone to stand.

Three colors have a traffic light.

They are understandable for the chauffeur:

Red Light - No Drings!

Yellow - Be ready for the way

And the green light is Kati!

(A teacher shows cards denoting traffic lights. On a red signal Children stand, on yellow - raise hands up, on green - stepping on the spot.)

Gymnastics for eyes

Our eyes rested, continue to work. Look at with. 113 textbooks. Do you think why the wise turtle put on a gas mask? Read.

What new did you recognize from the wise turtle?

(16 Slide Presentation.)

Currently, the development of models of electric vehicles are underway. The first experimental models are already struggling on the roads of the world. But there are still few of them. Maybe there are future inventors among you, and it is you will make an electric vehicle by the usual type of transport on our roads. Then the air in the cities will be clean and fresh.