What does TSI mean. TSI engines: What is this device? Liquid air cooling

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If you are well versed in engines, it is definitely, you know what TSI is. If not, we recommend reading this article.

TSI engine - this is a gasoline power unit, whose distinctive feature is double turbocharging. In this case, the TSI abbreviation (Turbo Stratified Injection) is translated as an engine with a turbocharging system and layered fuel injection.

The design of the TSI engine is noteworthy in that the developers have separated a mechanical compression system and turbocharger on different parts of the engine. Due to the use of exhaust energy, the standard turbocharged engine is supplied with an additional power. Exhaust gases are spinning the turbine wheel, and with the help of the drive system create increased injection and compression of air. This system is more efficient compared to the traditional gasoline engine.

Advantages of TSI Engine

The usual turbocharged engine has one large drawback - on small and complete revs its effectiveness is small. In turn, the TSI engine is equipped with a mechanical compressor (working on small revolutions) and a turbocharger that provides a significant increase in power at high revs. That is, practically throughout the range revolutions occurs additional injection and air compression in the engine system.

Thanks to this fact, power grows multiple times on the background reducing the consumption of fuel.

Such a decrease provides a layer-in-law system, dosage injection and a double injection system. All these factors suggest that the engine with the TSI system has been developed by Volkswagen, has an impressive power.

To compare, take the classic turbocharged engine of the same manufacturer. Having a nominal volume of 1.2 liters, the TSI-motor demonstrates the results on average for 12 horsepower better (102 horsepower at the TSI-motor against 90 horsepower at a standard turbocharged engine). In addition, due to the double compression system eliminated failure failure and improves thrustboth on small and large revolutions.

Naturally, the complexity of the layout of the TSI-motor affected its price. However, a small rise in price with interest pays off in high power and a decrease in fuel consumption.

Good day, dear reader. Today in the heading "" We will talk about engines, or rather, the engines with a signboard TSI. You will learn what this abbreviation means, which is special in these motors and other no less important and interesting information. People are very often interested in the issue: " What is TSI engine", Looking for tSI Motor ReviewsAnd also prove the weak and strong places of this type of engine before buying a car. This is not surprising, given how much the motors of this class are produced today. However, most motorists do not have the slightest concept of what TSI is and with what it is eaten, distribute advice on whether or not to buy a car with such a motor. Given this fact, we decided to figure it out in this matter to make clarity in this confusing situation.

The first argument in favor of TSI engines - this type of motors was developed by the world-famous company Volkswagen, and according to the Germans themselves, this motor can be called one of the most successful technical experiments.

What is TSI engineMore precisely, how to decipher an abbreviation consisting of three letters? Turbo Stratified Injection "It is these three words that are hidden under the three letters TSI. If we translate literally, then something like is the "direct layer-by-layer gasoline injection with turbocharging", but if we translate humanly, it would be more correct to say that TSI is an engine equipped with a double turbocharged injection system.

The motor feature is that it has a double turbocharger (turbocharger and mechanical supercharger). Which of the superchargers turns into operation depends on the needs of the engine and its revolutions. The whole process can be divided into four modes.

Mode - idle speed (up to 1000 rpm). In this mode, the rejection is inactive, the mechanical supercharger is completely disconnected, and the flap that adjusts and controls the process is open. As a result, gas testing is small and power, respectively, too.

Mode - Engine turnover above 1000 rpm, but do not reach 2400. In this mode, the flap is closed and a mechanical supercharger comes into operation, which creates pressure - 0.17 MPa. The turbine in this case works only to create additional air compression.

Mode - Engine turnover ranging from 2400 to 3500 rpm. It works mostly turbocharger, lifting pressure up to 0.25 MPa, while the mechanical supercharger is preferably inactive, including work only in the case when it is necessary, for example, during a sharp acceleration.

Mode - Engine turns exceed 3500 rpm. The mechanical supercharger is completely turned off and does not participate in the speed set, the valve-controller is open. The pressure drops slightly, which avoids the detonation of the engine. At 5500 rpm. The pressure is 0.18 MPa.

TSI engine Equipped also with a reinforced two-circuit cooling system, in which one contour controls the temperature in the cylinder block, and the second is on the head. In order to prevent the engine overheating, the second circuit is equipped with an additional water pump on the electric drive, which drives on a separate circuit, for 15 minutes after you drowned the engine.

Movement of exhaust gases (red and blue arrows) and coolant (green arrows) in TSI Volkswagen engine

All of the above technologies and refinement allow you to achieve:

Substantial fuel economy;
Reducing the level of emission of harmful substances into the atmosphere;
Increase engine life;
In addition, the developers took care and. The engine is installed in a foam body, which absorbs the sound of its operation, and the exhaust passes through the noise absorbers, which makes the car almost silent.

Disadvantages of TSI Engine

Demanding to consumables (high-quality gasoline, oil, etc.);
The need for regular maintenance, which is not checked;
Problems with winter operation. It is practically not able to warm up, so the owners have to start riding almost "on a cold" motor, the working temperature is already achieved during the ride. Although, as the owners of the car with such an engine and the manufacturer itself are stated, you can travel immediately after starting the motor, while you will not have any problems with the engine. The only thing that you most likely will not please - this is what and in the cabin you will be pretty cool.

In conclusion, let's summarize under all the above. TSI engine - A reliable and thoughtful unit with power, reliability and economy.

Not everyone knows what TSI is and how this abbreviation is decrypted. We will tell about this today and tell.

What is it - tsi

The TSI engine is an installation on gasoline, characterized by the presence of a "double turbocharging" system. The translation of the reduction of TSI sounds as follows - the engine that has turbocharging and fuel injection layers.

A distinctive feature of the TSI design is the placement of the turbocharger on one side and the system responsible for mechanical compression, on the other. The use of energy from exhaust gases allows you to increase the power of an ordinary turbo engine. This is possible due to the fact that the exhaust gases start a turbine wheel and stiffly injected and compress air due to the drive system. Such a system shows greater efficiency than traditional.

What is improved in TSI engines

Recognition of experts and consumers, which is confirmed by numerous awards. This system for three years (from 2006 to 2008) became the owner of the "Engine" award at the ENGINE OF THE YEAR competition.

Using the concept of minimization, the essence of which is that the motor of a smaller volume with a small consumption of gasoline produces the highest power. The decline in the working volume made it possible to increase the efficiency by reducing the loss of friction. A small volume facilitates the engine and the car as a whole. Such technological solutions have become an integral part of TSI.

Video demonstrating the principle of operation of the TSI engine:

Association of Drive and Economy. The initial goal of the developers was the creation of cost-effective high-power engines and with a reduced level of CO 2 emission.

Big sprinkler interval. TSI systems are configured so that when the crankshaft rotates with a frequency ranging from one and a half to 1750 revolutions per 1 minute, then the torque remains the highest that good affects how much gasoline is saved when the car is working, and the car's power. As a result, the driver gets the maximum power at a large range of revolutions. TSI engines are perfectly combined with transmissions that have gear ratios that much more, which positively affects.

Optimization of the mixture formation, which was able to achieve a specially designed structure of high pressure nozzles with 6 holes. The injection system is configured so that it provides greater efficacy in the combustion process of gasoline.

Intermediate cooling provides greater dynamics. Another distinctive feature of the unit is the presence of an intercooler of liquids, which has a system in which it circulates independently. Such cooling reduces the amount of air, which is injected, due to the pressure indicators grow faster. As a result, due to the small delays of the turbo effect and the level of optimal filling of the combustion chamber, an increase in speakers is achieved. TSI with a declared power of 90 kW without equipping auxiliary compressor has no turboyama. Already when the mark of 1500 rpm is reached, you can get the highest torque data in 200 N · m.

Pretending in TSI

Turbochard and fuel injection. The TSI system uses a special technology that allowed to obtain the largest level of torque and the largest power for the car, while the engine is quite small: fuel injection along with turbocharging or combined supervision using a turbocharger and compressor. In such a design, fuel combustion is with greater efficiency, due to which the power of TSI exceeds the indicators of traditional atmospheric engine engines.

The turbocharger in combination with the compressor gives a good effect. The use of another compressor made it possible to smooth the turboyam effect, which arises due to the creation of a turbocharger to be sufficiently high supercharged when the turning distance is higher.

Advance pressure indicators. The Roots mechanical compressor is started by means of a crankshaft of the belt transmission. In this case, the level of force with which one occurs, begins on the smallest range, with which revolutions occur. Such an approach provides high traction characteristics and torque indicators in a large current interval.

Double reducing, which is used in motors of this type, an effective injection system together with the highest pressure indicators, with what fuel injection occurs, and the use of six-string nozzles make it possible to achieve for TSI engines of gasoline saving, which is spent. Today, cars created by Volkswagen, from the Golf Plus series, the Golf and Jetta model range, the Touran model and new already have a turbocharged engine.

Revolutionary innovative technology

Today Volkswagen is the only manufacturer carrying out the serial installation of engines of this type equipped with a double reducing in a complex with a phased injection, in their own production cars. The placement of the compressor and the turbocharger makes the pressure of the pressure with which the prediment occurs, more. That is, the engine with a working volume of 1.4 liters is able to develop to 125 kW (or 170 liters.), Which is a record in the automotive industry among the engines on four cylinders.

Saving gasoline due to the reduced mass. New models of TSI engines due to a number of improvements have a weight of 14 kg less compared to the engines of the same type equipped with a double supercharow system. Innovations include: design optimization of the head of the block and the lightweight weight of its cover, weight loss by 304 grams of all camshafts.

Video about the work of DVS with turbocharging:

It is quite logical that the complexity of the design and improvement of the engines influenced and on. However, a minor rise in price is fully compensated for increased power indicators and reducing the amount of fuel consumed.

TSI engines (Turbo Stratified Injection, from English turbocharging and layered injection) - power units with direct (straight) fuel injection and. These motors are produced by the German concern WAG and are installed on various models of cars Audi, Volkswagen, Seat, Skoda, etc.

TSI engines (full TFSI name, usually the name is used for Audi models) are built based on FSI atmospheric motors with direct injection (from English Fuel Stratified Injection, which means layer-by-layer fuel injection).

Read in this article

Engine Features TSI: Pros and Cons

Motor development and the first TSI engines appeared at the very end of the 90s, although the beginning of the mass promotion can be considered 2005-2006. TSI is the brainchild of Audi, and the abbreviation itself belongs to the Volkswagen concern. A distinctive feature of TSI motors line (TFSI) is that with such an abbreviation may have:

double supervised, implemented by simultaneous installation and;
single supervision, which means the presence of only one turbine;

TSI aggregates with a capacity of up to 140 hp There are only one turbine, while the power plants from 150 "horses" are already obtained by a turbine and compressor. In other words, TSI is a whole line of Turbomotors of the WAG concern. TSI engines have different power and working volume. The TSI line contains 1.2 (105 hp), 1.4 (122 hp), 1.8 (140 hp), 2.0 (180 hp) and 3.0 (200 hp) -ltric units. It is also worth noting that the power on separate working volumes can be even higher, since further forced and deformed modifications are existed.

The TSI motor is the perfect combination of direct fuel and turbocharging injection. Thanks to this solution, the engines of this line provide high power, have an outstanding torque characteristic, differ in fuel economy and meet the rigid environmental standards.

With relatively small working volumes, the TSI engine issues as much or even more power relatively with more abstract gasoline engines. For example, a 1.2-liter TSI with one turbine has a power index at 105 hp, which is quite comparable to a 1.6-liter atmospheric analogue. At the same time, the maximum torque is available on low revs, which provides better accelerating dynamics. It is also worth noting a widely wide regiment of torque. The largest popularity in the entire line of motors deservedly has 1.4 TSI. This engine has many awards and was recognized as the best engine of the year for 7 years in a row.

A distinctive feature of all TSI engines is the optimal ratio of power and fuel economy. The internal combustion engine of this line provides an outstanding dynamics and excellent traction in all revolutions. Installing the compressor parallel to the turbine provided this motor elasticity and allowed to get rid of a number of problems inherent in turboctors.

CO2 emission level allows TSI to remain in the list of leaders in terms of environmental friendliness. The direct injection of TSI allows you to realize the most effective mixing and fuel supply to cylinders. Also, the motors of this row are quite reliable and have a large resource.

There are no noticeable disadvantages of TSI engines compared to other turbocharged units. Subject to normal operation on good fuel and oil, maintenance on professional service and timely replacement of consumables, these motors can walk from 300 thousand and more. The only node that requires increased attention is a turbocharger. The turbine is extremely desirable to cool after driving and slow down before each next trip. As for the compressor (if available), this unit is quite reliable.

Low fuel and oil quality can reduce the TSI engine's planning resource by 2-3 times. The service life of the TSI motor on dirty low-quality gasoline with an inappropriate octane number can be only 100-150,000 km. This is especially true of low-pass modifications. We add that TSI repair requires serious financial spending. The failure of the turbine can occur already at 100,000 km. Run, regardless of the specific model of the TSI engine.

TSI with compressor and turbine

As mentioned above, the motors of this line can have both a turbine and a bunch of turbines and a compressor. Engines with a working volume of 1.4 liters have a turbocharger and a mechanical supercharger. On the example of such a TSI with a capacity of 150 hp You can superficially consider the principle of collaboration of two superchargers. If the motor operates in the mode of small loads, then the crankshaft turns are low or medium, then the turbine and compressor work in parallel.

Raising turns up to 2500 rpm and above allows the intensive flow of exhaust gases to interact with the turbine to the most effectively. The mechanical supercharger is turned off. The control system uses the compressor only during sharp accelerations. Thus, the inertia of the turbine is compensated and the turboyami effect is minimized.

In other words, the compressor works when the turbine is not enough exhaust gases for confident pickup. This scheme allows you to get rid of failures that are peculiar to turbine turbine, in the entire range of revolutions. In parallel, it is worth noting high efficiency and TSI motors.

That in the end

To begin with, we note that the productive and reliable TSI motors are fairly popular not only among ordinary consumers, but also among the tuners. Forcing and TSI allows without significant alterations to increase the power of such an engine. After you can count on an additional 7-15 hp With a deep tuning, which involves the replacement of the turbine, compressor, nozzles and other elements to more productive, it is possible to add from 100 and more horsepower.

Finally, add that a popular TSI with a volume of 1.2 liters is installed on the WAG model of various classes. At the same time, many skeptics have concerns about his motresurs. As practice shows, in the CIS, the service life of such an engine is about 100-120 thousand km, the turbine can fail even earlier.

The fact is that although 1.2 TSI is characterized by a good "on nizakh", this motor has a high degree of forsing, only three cylinders and relatively small power. For this reason, the owners often exploit such in high speed to maintain an active rate of driving. It is also necessary to take into account the poor quality of fuels in the CIS. It is also important that the owners often do not comply with a number of requirements during operation. For this reason, the combination of negative factors can quickly "kill" such an engine. Always remember, it is necessary to acquire used cars with low-aligned TSI high-mounted engines and any others in the secondary market.

Benefits

TSI Motors have a number of indisputable advantages:

formation of mixing formation. Focusing on the testimony of the sensor equipment, the computer may form 4 types of mixture (poor layer-by-layer mixture with the addition of exhaust gases, a poor homogeneous mixture without an adaptation of exhaust gases, a homogeneous stoichiometric mixture with the addition of exhaust gases, a homogeneous stoichiometric, without the addition of exhaust gases). The choice will depend on the number of incoming air, the degree of opening the throttle, engine turns, motor temperature and other factors. Such selection mixture allows you to get the maximum return from the injected fuel;
turbocharging, allowing to increase the filling of cylinders with fresh air. Motors TSS can be equipped with a single-stage or combined air injection system. In the first case, the engine has the work of which is known to many motorists. The combined system has not only a turbine, but also a mechanical supercharger type ROOTS. The principle of operation of such a system is of particular interest, so further consider it more details.
potential for tuning. Most TSI motors are well amenable to chip tuning. Owners who wish to add a few dozen horses, it is worth thinking about the DVS and CAT resource, which, with the wrong Chipovka, can dramatically decrease.

Principle of operation of the injection system

The fuel supply system in the TSI engine is very similar to the one that is applied on. It consists of the following components:

The main feature of the direct injection system in the TSE engine is to control the dispensing method and the feed time. This advantage is achieved by competent programming of the ECU. The rest of the power system, in fact, is no different from the one that is applied on the engines of many other manufacturers.

Double turbocharged system

In many respects, the combination of the turbine and mechanical supercharger allowed TSI motors to conquer not one title "Engine of the Year". Consider how such solutions are implemented.

The main principle of operation is the distribution of air flows. By changing the flow rate, as well as the amount of air received, you can adjust the quality of the mixture formation in the cylinders. Depending on the crankshaft revolutions and the position of the throttle, the following turbocharge control algorithms can be distinguished:

Control

One of the main elements of this systems is a damper, redistributing the air flow between the turbine and the supercharger. Adjustment is carried out using a servo. For example, at 1000-2400 rpm Air is supplied only through the supercharger, and after 3500 only to the turbocharger.

For the competent management of the entire system, the ECU constantly polls a number of sensors:

Mar-sensor measuring pressure in the intake path. There is also a measurement of air temperature;
throttle positions;
pressure in the intake manifold and sensor measuring air temperature;
advance pressure, air temperature.

Of course, there are many subtleties, the explanation of which will require a serious deepening into the theory.

Types of supervision

TSI engine can only have a turbine. Control is performed using a bypass valve (electrical or pneumatic). For example, in an excess of pressure in the exhaust manifold, the flow of exhaust gases will pass by the "hot" part of the turbine. Feature of such a system in air cooling method. The intercooler of the liquid type of cooling is installed in front of the intake manifold. The air passes through the honeycombs, inside which the coolant circulates. Cooling activation is performed by the ECU command, which includes the pump, thereby launching the circulation of coolant in the air cooling circuit.

By car with a double turbocharger, the engine has an intercooler of air-type cooling.

Problems

Many owners are upset by the fact that the TSI engine is installed on their car. Among the entire range of motors (1.2, 1.4, 1.8, 2.0, 3.0), some of the engine can deliver a lot of trouble to their owners. Among the main problems:

zhor oil, which can start after 10 thousand km;
stretching the chain.

Tsery Motor Problems are so significant that they require consideration in a separate article.