Engine diagnostics: What is included and cost. Computer diagnostics. What is a car diagnostics - definition, basics, species, description What is diagnostics

The establishment and study of the signs characterizing the state of building structures of buildings and structures to determine possible deviations and prevent violations of the normal mode of their operation. Source: SP 13 102 2003: Rules ... ... Dictionary directory terms of regulatory and technical documentation

- (this. See Previous. Sl.). In general, the determination of distinctive features of objects; In particular, part of medicine that has the subject to determine the kind and signs of disease. A dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language. Chudinov A.N., 1910. ... ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

Holding, checking, testing, recognition, test, sample dictionary of Russian synonyms. Diagnostics of SUMS., Number of synonyms: 42 Autodiagnostics (1) ... Synonym dictionary

diagnostics - Procedures and systems, detecting and insulating errors and incorrectly working devices, networks and systems. Diagnostics (ITIL SERVICE OPERATION) Stage of the life cycle of the incident or problem. ... ... Technical translator directory

Diagnostics - - Establishment and study of the signs characterizing the state of building structures of buildings and structures to determine possible deviations and prevent violations of the normal mode of their operation. [SP 13 102 2003] Diagnostics ... ... Encyclopedia Terms, Definitions and Explanations of Building Materials

Science of recognizing diseases and diagnosis. Vocabulary of business terms. Academician. 2001 ... Business Terms Dictionary

- (from Greek. Diagnostikos capable of recognizing) The doctrine of methods and principles of recognition of diseases and diagnosis; The process of diagnosis ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Diagnosis, diagnostics, wives. (honey.). Branch of medicine, teaching on diagnosis methods. Explanatory dictionary of Ushakov. D.N. Ushakov. 1935 1940 ... Explanatory Dictionary Ushakov

Diagnostics, and, wives. 1. See diagnose. 2. The doctrine of diagnosis methods. 3. Setting the diagnosis. Laboratory d. Early d. Diseases. | arr. Diagnostic, Aya, OE. D. Analysis. Diagnostic service. Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov. S.I. Obgov ... Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov

Women., Greek. Recognition, recognition; Determination of signs and mutual differences of the works of nature; Knowledge will accept: recognition of diseases, in sections and phenomena. Diagnostic, diagnosis, recognition related. Diagnostics husband. ... ... Explanatory dictionary of Daly

Books

• Diagnosis and healing of the soul and body, V.V. Pukhov. This book is for those who seek the physical and spiritual improvement of the person, realizing that only a healthy and spiritually advanced person will be able to work intelligently for the whole benefit on ...
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Periodically, the car requires the diagnostics of the engine. What is included and the cost, the masters are talking before her. In many workshops there is a device on which the test results can be printed.

Appointment service

Once periodicity requires the engine diagnostics. What enters and the cost is interested in every driver. But not everyone understands that the service implies only the statement of the actual state of the car without performing any kind of work. Deviations of parameters from nominal are provided to the customer in printed form.

Recommendations Ends the diagnosis of the engine. What is included in the cost of future repair, reported at the request of the customer. Often the masters advise how to troubleshoot a malfunction. Although this is not included in the service price. They are obliged to find defects and make a conclusion about the state of the mechanisms in writing.

The car repair shop does not always have the same engine diagnostics. What includes cost, depends on the material support, equipment features. For example, to measure the parameters of classic cars and modern, a different set of tools will be required. If in the first case everything will be done, then in the second laptop or special electronics will fulfill half of the work per person.

Test as malfunction prevention

Diagnostics of the car engine will help to prevent many problems, in the future capable of leading to expensive repair. Thus, the wear of the inserts or the lack of compression increases the likelihood of the failure of the piston system. At a cost for a test of 1 thousand rubles. Significant and can translated over 50 thousand rubles. Savings are obvious if you visit the workshop periodically.

Diagnostics of the car engine implies and search for unreliable nodes. With the most likely masters are able to specify spare parts requiring replacement. The driver himself decides on the urgency of the repair. Some malfunctions can be eliminated as time and means appearances. In the threat of an emergency case, the diagnostic will necessarily recommend urgently to seek technical assistance.

In the quality service, the driver offers a printout prior to computer diagnostics, where the step-by-step tests are indicated. But the cost in such workshops is not for everyone by pocket. More often, the customer receives a printout and a written essay on the examination of his car. Consultants are responsible for any questions.

Do not everyone know that it is not necessary to leave your car at the entrance to the technical room. Drivers are obliged to let them at their request after a brief briefing. So they can control the work of the masters, but not interfering with endless issues.

What to choose a place for dough?

Where to diagnose the engine, decides each driver, based on considerations of saving and quality of services. The first criterion can be found on the Internet, telephone. The second is not so easy to determine in advance. It will be necessary to bring references about the workshop, visit it and look at attitude to customers.

Negative reviews often leave people, not to the end understanding the appointment of computer diagnostics. Often you can meet words like: "did not do anything, they gave some kind of printout and everything!". After all, the service was rendered, and this does not speak of insufficient qualifications of masters. Each negative comment should be read and delve into the essence of the problem.

Why so expensive?

The diagnosis of gasoline engines is a complex procedure that requires tremendous experience in car repair. In fact, the wizard and its ability to identify malfunctions for sound, appearance and digital test indicators are paid. Only printout is comparable to the results of analyzes in the hospital. The numbers speak a lot, but need a complete picture of the disease.

Similarly, diagnosis is a complex and long process. Full engine survey can not be carried out in a few minutes. In addition to connecting a computer, you need to say, try to try nodes with hands.

For one printout, money is not paid. Drivers should be understood that a person with a computer is not a car repairman. Although the diagnostic market often appear proposals of this kind.

Electrical parameters

Full diagnostics develops from individual operations. The main procedure is to scan the car sensors through standard connectors. Many craftsmen can do it independently, three tools are required: the corresponding USB adapter connector, the program (you can download it on the Internet), laptop. Cost in the cabin hesitates near the figure of 500 rubles. Errors and history of manipulations with the memory of the electronic system are determined.

The exhaust gas parameters are measured by a special device. The cost fluctuates in the range of 300 rubles. The ignition tester costs 500 rubles. Measurement alarm angle - 300 rubles.

The external inspection determines the condition of the candles, coils, wires. It is checked by the reliability of the engine connections with a mass of the car. The state of the battery is diagnosed.

Mechanics

Separate engine nodes must be checked with hands. These include: belt tension (100 rubles), condition and level of liquids (100 rubles), noise assessment in operation. Each cylinder is examined by an endoscope for 600 rubles. The pressure of the pneumatic system for 400 rubles is measured.

The total price for a set of services is significantly lower due to market competition. With a decrease in the cost of the service deteriorates its quality or the number of individual phases of diagnostics. 4 thousand rubles. Not every driver is ready to examine the car without repairing the established faults.

The amount of diagnostics is justified at the expense of the speed of the service, a positive attitude towards the client, a set of additional options. In reality in the amount of 1 thousand rubles. Only a computer scanning of sensors, visual inspection, checking the ignition system and exhaust gases by the analyzer.

from Greek. Diagnostikos - capable of recognizing) - the doctrine of the methods and principles of recognition and evaluation of the state of the object, process, phenomena and diagnosis; The process of diagnosis. Initially, the concept of "D." Used in medicine. However, then this term began to be applied in many other areas: D. Technical, D. Plasma, D. Pre-election situation, etc.

DIAGNOSTICS

greek. Diagnostikos - capable of recognizing). Diagnostic process. The features of the diagnostic thinking of the doctor and the importance of clinical signs of the disease, data of laboratory studies (biochemical, serological, radiological, electrophysiological, pathopsychological, etc.), the role of socio-psychological, environmental and microcoupe factors. For subsequent treatment and socio-labor rehabilitation of the patient, early psychiatric diagnostics acquires great importance.

DIAGNOSTICS

from Greek. Diagnostikos - capable of recognizing] - 1) section of medicine that studies signs of diseases, content and methods of research of the patient, as well as the principles of diagnosis; 2) The process of recognizing the disease and studying the individual biological and socio-psychological characteristics of the patient, which includes a comprehensive medical examination, analysis of the results obtained, their interpretation and a generalization in the form of a diagnosis.

Diagnostics

greek. Diagnostikos - capable of recognizing) - identification of the disease, syndrome, painful state, symptom, deviations according to the model adopted in the psychiatry of the corresponding disorder. It usually implies a thorough examination using all existing research methods in order to obtain a sufficient amount of reliable information on the patient state, study, analysis and synthesis of such information. Operating diagnosis - setting the diagnosis on the adopted standard criteria for a certain mental disorder (this is, for example, a set of symptoms, time criterion (for example, for 1st month, 2 years), flow criterion (periodic, any other current). Diagnostics is nomethetic (Greek. Nomos - Law, Thesis - Provision, approval) - a classic approach to identifying disorder on the list of the most characteristic of its signs. At the same time, all other signs are taken into account, but they are given an additional diagnostic disorder. Polytetic diagnostics - identification of disorder With the number of recents sufficient for the diagnosis. For example, if there are 2 or 3 from 10 signs in the patient, it is considered sufficient to establish a diagnosis.

Diagnostics

in clinical psychology) - identification of the disease, disorders, syndrome, state, etc. The term is used by analogy with the medical model for instructions on the need for classification and categorization; It is assumed that the diagnostic categories are defined. Diagnostic test - any test or procedure used to accurately determine the nature and origin of the ability or disorder. In the psychology "Diagnostic" refers to the definition of a particular source of individual problems in some region. The diagnostic interview is a common procedure in a clinical environment in which a client or patient is interviewed in order to obtain some acceptable determination of the nature of the disorder and its etiology and for planning the treatment method. Differential D. is aimed at determining which of two (or more) similar diseases (disorders, states, etc.) has an individual. The diagnosis of psychological - the final result of the activity of the psychologist, aimed at finding out the individual psychological characteristics of the person in order to assess its current state, the forecast of the further development and development of the recommendations defined by the Psychodiagnostic Survey. The subject of D.P. - establishing individual-psychological differences in the norm and pathology. Today, as a rule, by installing certain individual-psychological features, the researcher is deprived of the opportunity to point out their causes, a place in the personality structure. Such a level of diagnosis L. S. Vygotsky called symptomatic (or empirical). This diagnosis is limited to the statement of certain features or symptoms, on the basis of which practical conclusions are directly built. L. S. Vygotsky noted that this diagnosis is not actually scientific, because the establishment of symptoms never automatically leads to a diagnosis. Here, the work of the psychologist can well be replaced by machine processing. The most important element of D. is the clarification in each case of why certain manifestations are detected in the behavior of the surveyed, what are their causes and consequences. That is why the second step in the development of D. p. Is the ethiological diagnosis that takes into account not only the presence of certain features (symptoms), but also the causes of their occurrence. The highest level is a typological diagnosis consisting in determining the place and value of the data obtained in a holistic, dynamic picture of the personality. According to L. S. Vygotsky, the diagnosis should always keep in mind the complex personality structure. The diagnosis is inextricably linked to the forecast. According to L. S. Vygotsky, the content of the forecast and the diagnosis coincides, but the forecast is built on the ability to understand the internal logic of self-allocation of the development process, which is based on the past of the past and the present. It is recommended to break the forecast for certain periods and resort to long-term re-observations. Developing the theory of D. Currently is one of the most important tasks of domestic psychodiagnosis.

Technical awareness as a commercial compass. This is the same GLONASS, GPS. Not knowing the basics of the subject, do not shift either a step. How and where to go? These are the questions that you have to solve almost constantly. Any car requires knowledge and experience. There is no desire to use everyone. The whole thing in the possibilities. The critical situation, however, does not sleep anyone. The road is the road. It may happen so that hope will not be what. We'll have to take for your head and hands. Not superfluous to arm them. In advance!

Introduction to the topic

Car diagnostics - the process is not simple. Available, but requiring preparation. In addition to the desire and opportunities and even inclined to technique, a certain theoretical and practical support is necessary. Namely:

• knowledge in the motor system (knots, functions, common reasons for failures, minor repairs);
• concept of electrical equipment (equipment, assigning each device, eliminating the simplest faults);
• skill to work with computer, programs, databases;
• an idea of \u200b\u200bdiagnostic equipment that partially replacing the computer in its absence (control probes, multimeters, oscilloscopes, scanners);
• knowledge of the specifics of the engine of various automobiles of domestic and foreign production (comparative characteristics, selection of special snap).

In addition, you need experience. From primitive soldering of contacts in the wiring to the sensation and understanding of the engine in all its subtleties. At every moment of work. Over time, intuition appears. In it - the philosophy of an intelligent person. His nude nerve and salvation. All this is the basics of diagnosis. Without their assimilation, it is not worth it. You can not!

The essence of the subject

Translated from Greek, this word means - to recognize, be capable of deep vision.

Medicine interprets it as an analysis that allows you to identify the essence of the disease.

Technical diagnostics is engaged in the same. Only not with man, but with the car.
Car in this case.

The principles of approach to the procedure are alone for the whole technique, whether it is a carburetor, injector or diesel.

What is included in the concept of "diagnosis":

1. Information about the status of the motor system (DVS) and the car as a whole.
2. Methods for troubleshooting.

State Parameters DVS:

• engine power (l / s, bt);
• turnover of the crankshaft (per minute);
• ignition (degree of advance);
• the position of the carburetor damper in accordance with the turnover (in diesel engines and injectors the state of the fuel pump);
• detonation on each cylinder (synchronization with sparks on candlelight);
• temperature (air intake air in the fuel system, coolant in the cylinder block);
• oil pressure (in the block and on the onboard controller sensor);
• determining the electronic control unit errors (ECU) and their adjustment;
• online exchange mode (receiving online additional information and features from other diagnostic programs);
• graphic display of parameters on the computer monitor;
• voltage in the electronics network (B);
• battery charge:
• the performance of the main electromechanical nodes: starter, generator, automatic transmission, salon heater fans and engine cooling radiator (in diesel engines and injectors - electric fuel pumps);
• aBS, ACC, TRACTION Control, 4WS systems, etc. etc.

Each of the parameters is constantly compared with the standard laid by the car manufacturer. Any deviation is fixed and eliminated automatically using a specific diagnostic program. In problem cases, mechanical intervention is possible. That is, the repair.

Methods for troubleshooting.Mainly apply two:

1. Visual - what can be found out "on the eyes":
   - mechanical damage or wear of electrical wiring and pipelines of cooling systems, exhaust, hydraulics of brakes and steering (in injection and diesel engines - fuel supply tubes from the pump to candles);
   - oxidation of battery contacts, starter, fuses, relays, etc.;
   - "breaking" of individual functional components of the engine and suspension (fastening of the generator, starter, as well as the hollows of the steering rail and wheel racks);
   - The condition of air, fuel and oil filters.
2. Instrumental. Ensures use:
   - the simplest devices (control probe, multimeter);
   - electronic computing devices (motor tester, scanner, computer).

Computer diagnostics

Methods are most effective using complex computing equipment.

What gives this method? First of all, it allows you to control all ICA entirely. Precision diagnostics is exceptional. Errors that may occur as a result are automatically eliminated using special programs.

Types of work:

• stationary - with the connection of the device directly to the ECU of the car (PC, scanner);
• remote - via Bluetooth or Wi-Fi (Tablet, Smartphone).

Computer data processing is performed by introducing a device for "software" (programs) oriented to the processor

• comprehensive diagnostics (engine, suspended and steering system, brakes);

How to spend it? Typically drivers use the services of the car service. This is not the only option. With a certain preparation, it is possible to diagnose the car with your own hands.

Procedure Description:

1. manufacturing base snap:
   - a computer;
   - Adapter "K-LINE" with cable on OLB2 and USB connectors (with a stationary connection) or a ELM327 adapter with bluetooth (remote study);
   - diagnostic programs and drivers;
2. installation on a computer platform of the desired "software" and "chip" (driver);
3. "Firmware" (adapting) ECU (provides a connection of the controller with a computer and removal of all available car parameters.

The definition of the state of the desired systems is performed by gradually scanning each node. Defects that cannot be eliminated by the intervention of electronic proofreaders are eliminated along the minor, medium or overhaul.

Conclusion

There is nothing impossible in the world. The term "computer diagnostics" scares very many. Mainly newcomers. But it first. Everything in life happens someday for the first time. With a car, this happens constantly. And he is the life of the driver. His fate. We master the asses of understanding your technology - the best insurance against trouble. Dare. Walk asset going!

Andrey Goncharov, Expert Rubric "Engine Repair"

EchoHeetephaloscopy (ECHEEC, synonym - M-method) - method of detection of intracranial pathology based on the echolocation of the so-called sagittal structures of the brain, in the normal place occupied by the middle position in relation to the temporal bones of the skull. When the graphical registration of the reflected signals is made, the study is called echohetephalography.

Echocardiography is the most important technique in the diagnosis of various structural and / or functional changes in the heart. At echocardiography, anatomical parts are accurately displayed, it is possible to measure the structures of the heart, and their movements are clearly traced throughout the heart cycle.

Epidural anesthesia turns off all types of nerve functional activity: motor, sensitive and vegetative. In contrast to the spinal, in which a solution of local anesthetic is mixed and diluted with the spinal fluid, with epidural anesthesia, it spreads over the epidural space, part of it leaves the spinal channel through intervertebral holes, which makes the spread of epidural anesthesia not always predictable.

Gastrointestinal bleeding is a secondary pathological condition. The most common causes of bleeding from the upper gastrointestinal tract are chronic gastric ulcer or duodenum. In recent years, the number of patients hospitalized about the peptic ulcer disease has largely decreased, but the number of patients with bleeding chronic ulcers remains unchanged.

When performing an endoscopy of the esophagus in the cervical esophagus, the longitudinal folds of the mucous membrane contact with their vertices. Place the folds and inspect the mucous membrane of this department is possible only with intensive injection of air, it is difficult to achieve full folds. At that moment, when the esophagus easily dealt under the action of air, it can be stated that the end of the endoscope reached the infiltration of the esophagus.

Two-step polypectomy is also used for multiple polyps. With a safe flow of operation and the good condition of patients, you can strive for a single-dimensional cut-off and extracting of all polyps (up to 7-10). But if the patients are poorly transferred to the introduction of the endoscope, then 3-5 polyps can be removed, and after 2-3 days, repeat the operation.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancopathography is a combination of endoscopy (for detecting and cannulating ampoules of the Nipple of the Nipple) and a x-ray study after the insertion of a contrast agent into the gilt and pancreatic ducts.