Diagnostics and repair of the steering rack do it yourself. Steering Rake Principle of Electric Steering Rake

The steering rail is the power knot of the steering system, thanks to which the driver of the vehicle is easier to rotate the steering wheel.

Scheme of the steering rack:

• fig. 1 - without a hydraulic device (mechanical);
• fig. 2 - with hydraulic amplifier (with gur);
• fig. 3 - with an electric amplifier (with EUR).

Steering Rake Device without GUR

The resource of the steering rail is influenced by:

• degree of wear of other elements of the steering system (anthers, tank gur), brake pads, car suspension, etc.;
• the condition and type of road surface (the presence of chosel, riding through the rails, on a blocking, etc.);
• driving style (sharp braking, incorrect gear shift);
• the quality of the working fluid in the GUR system.

The principle of operation of the steering rack of a mechanical type. When the driver rotates the steering wheel in any side, the rail is simultaneously moving. The rotation of the car driven wheels is carried out through the steering of the steering drive attached from both sides to the rush mechanism.

The mechanical rail has been widely used in passenger cars due to such characteristics as:

• simple device;
• low weight and cost;
• high efficiency;
• small number of thrust and hinges;
• high response with sharp maneuvers.

It is also important that the distribution steering mechanism is located perpendicular to the car, which saves the space of the engine compartment for comfortable placement of the engine and other vehicle units.

Although the principle of action of the steering rack is simple, she has its drawbacks:

• super sensitivity when driving on the wells and protruding elements of the roadway with the transmission of vibration to the steering wheel;
• installation on passenger cars only with independent suspension controlled wheels.

Work of the steering rack with a hydraulic

The hydraulicel is designed to facilitate the driver's effort when the steering wheel is rotated. It consists of a pump, a tank for storing a hydraulic fluid and an ATF oil pressure regulator in the system.

Steering Rake Device with GUR

The principle of operation of the steering rack with a hydraulic agent. When the vehicle is in a fixed state or makes movement in a straight line, the steering rack is not involved. At this time, ATF oil rests in a gur tank, and not in its dosing systems. If the driver rotates the steering wheel, the driven wheels have resistance, in the process of which the torsion is tightered, the distributor channels open, the working fluid is fed to the steering rail and leads it in motion.

The principle of operation of the hydraulic steering rack has a disadvantage: with a strong acceleration, the car steering turns out to be non-informative, which can trigger onto the sorting of vehicles even with small shelter rotation amplitudes. In short, the risk of accidents increases.

Steering rack with eours

The first electric power steering was installed back in 1986, but the steering system with EUR has not yet become dominant due to its maintenance features.

For three decades, the EUR design has become less cumbersome and now it is installed right on the steering rake.

Steering Rake Device with EUR

The principle of operation of the rail with an electric powerlier is similar to the principle of operation of the steering rack with GUR, only the increase in management is carried out at the expense of the electric motor.

Advantages of the steering mechanism with EUR:

• Lack of hydraulic oil in the system. Due to the absence of hoses, nozzles and other elements of the gur of the node more compact and responds to European ecostandarts. The noise level has decreased.
• High informativeness. This is facilitated by the function of the active return of the wheels and the steering wheel, the smooth response of the amplifier to the driver commands.
• Reducing the efforts attached by the driver. In the process of parking, the steering wheel turns greatly, and the speed of movement is almost zero. As a result, the amplifier computer transmits a signal to enhance the steering. This property of the EUR helps to increase the life of spare parts and reduces the cost of driver forces.
• Support for the resistance of the car on the open highway. If during the movement of the car along the direct path blows the side wind or resistance from the slope of the road section, the EUR has a stabilizing effect of the vehicle, freeing the driver from additional effort.

In the device of three types of steering mechanisms, much in common.

According to quality indicators, endurance and maintenance, the championship takes the steering rack with Gurom. Its advantages over the mechanics are a decrease in the effort attached to the rotation of the steering wheel, as well as quenching the jackets entering the steering wheel when the car is moving along a bumpy road. In comparison with the rail with EUR, hydraulic is more accessible by maintenance.

Regardless of the type of steering mechanism, it is necessary to monitor its health, to go through the replacement of worn components in a timely manner.

You can buy on our website. To obtain professional advice, you can use the chat in the lower right corner and call the phone numbers of our company.

Is it possible to repair the steering rack with their own hands, if the knock appeared in the steering, or will you have to spend money on the car service?
The operation of the steering mechanism is a security deposit, but unfortunately nothing is always and wear out once comes. How to check the steering rail and eliminate the malfunction yourself?

In publications on the blog, a lot has already been written about the mechanism of car management and a rail in particular. But I think it will not be superfluous to refresh knowledge.

So, performs an important task - converts the rotation of the "Baranki" in the turns of the wheels in the horizontal plane. Consider the process more details.

The simplest species of this node consists of a gear on the tree of the steering wheel and the plates with teeth. When we turn the steering wheel, the plate begins to move into one of the sides, fascinating the thrust, which, in turn, turn the wheels of the car.

This is an elementary design, and the entire mechanism in this case is driven by an exclusively physical power of the driver. Such options are very common on domestic cars.

There are more advanced designs - with hydro and electric powerful. A little more complicated simple mechanical option.

There are additional nodes that help the driver without much effort to twist "Branca".

If more precisely, the contour, according to which the oil circulates under pressure, the node with valves on the steering shaft and the dual-action piston directly associated with the rail.

When the steering wheel is rotated, the valves on a specific side are opened, and the oil rushes through open highways, making it on the piston in one or the other side, and he already moves the rail.

In embodiments, the main power element is a stepper electric motor moving steering mechanisms.

At first glance, the steering device may seem quite complicated, it is often problematic to get to it, so the question arises whether the repair of the steering rack is possible?

In fact, it is possible, and it is not necessary to scare difficulties.

Consider simple repair options on the example of domestic VAZ 2109 and 2110, machine-to-mechanical controls.

Analysis of car management problems

What symptoms say that something is wrong with this node?

Options are:

• the backlash appeared on the steering wheel;
• Baranka has become unusual;
• suspicious knocks when turning the steering wheel;
• in systems with a hydraulic agent, oil began to leak;
• the steering wheel occurs in the same position.

If something similar you noticed on your car, then it's time to think about visiting the car service or still try repairing the steering rack with your own hands.

The second option will help you save not only tools, but also time, because it is often there are queues, and even for a short time without a car I do not want anyone.

So, consider the sequences of simple independent repair of the rail on the example of popular domestic cars VAZ 2109 and VAZ 2110.

Repair steering rack do it yourself

It should be noted that the above symptoms do not mean expensive repairs with the replacement of steering nodes, it is often necessary for the prophylactic replacement of consumables.

But, unfortunately, to accurately determine the problem, you have to dig and dismantling the rail. Repair of the steering rack VAZ 2109 will look like it in this way:

• raise the front part of the car with the help of jacks, establish anti-parameters and provide other security measures;
• free access to rake;
• put the wheels directly and unscrew the bolt of the slotted connection, which is located near the pedals;
• unscrew the nuts steering;
• the node is ready to detach, although you can still try to immediately remove the thrust.

To eliminate the fault, first of all, you need to get a special repair kit that is sold in auto shops.

It can be complete, including gear and rack, or incomplete, comprising needle bearing, support sleeve, sealing gum, locking rings, anther casing, screed and other smallers.

• remove the boot, end caps and stops;
• we unscrew the threaded plugs and remove the springs, the stubborn sleeves and rings - we carefully examine everything and if we need to change;
• it will not be superfluous to check the bearing and with the slightest suspicion of the backlash, replace it;
• we inspect the drive gear;
• finally, we get the rack itself, and it is important not to forget to change the sleeves of the supporting shaft and the gum - all this is in Remkomplekt;
• the most complex patient is a needle bearing. For him, a special key is needed or, in the extreme case, a drill with a 1.5 mm drill, which we weaken the bearing end and then knock it out;
• after you have changed everything that you can, lubricate the details of the rail and collect everything as it was.

Repair of the steering rack VAZ 2110 is similar, but there are nuances. Some versions of the "dozens" are equipped with new nodes, to disassemble that there is no need to replace the bush.

It is enough to remove the corrugation, unscrew the nut under it and the rake will open into two parts - in one of them there will be convenient access to the sleeve.

It's not so difficult to carry out the repair of the steering rack with your own hands. I was glad to help with the repair of your four-wheeled friend!

Hydraulic steering (hereinafter GUR) in the car - a system designed to reduce the efforts applied to steering during maneuver. Initially, agricultural and cargo vehicles were equipped with such systems.

Since the beginning of the 70s, the GUR began to install on passenger cars. Not the last role was played by the fact that women were increasingly played as drivers.

In addition to ensuring comfort when driving a car, GUR allows:

• reduce the diameter (sizes) of the steering wheel;
• change the gear ratio of the steering tree-rail system, ensuring greater maneuverability during the reversal;
• automate car handling system.

Considering that the steering is the second factor in the safety factor after the brake system, reliability, informativeness, other parameters of the GUR are presented high demands. Operation and maintenance of this system should be paid to special attention.

Types of steering hydraulic

Initially, the passenger vehicles were installed on the PC, made according to the scheme, similar to amplifiers set to heavy vehicles. They have a significant drawback: with an increase in the vehicle speed for the implementation of a safe maneuver, a smaller power of the steering wheel is required and the applied force. At high speed, the feedback road-steering is significantly reduced, the driver stops "feeling" the road. In terms of slippery coating, the car may lose controllability.

To eliminate this problem was developed rake with variable transmission relationship.Such a rake is installed on the VAZ 2110. It has a large gear ratio on small angles of turning of the steering wheel. Usually it corresponds to the high speeds and small corners of the turn, where a small effort is required. The gear ratio decreases to the "edges", that is, at large angles of maneuvering, which are possible at low speed. The use of such a design did not eliminate all the problems of controllability.

Video - Types of steering wheels than the difference between GUR and EUR:

Manufacturers have developed electrohydroSiller steering wheelBy adding an electric valve to the standard circuit with an electronic control system. Egur to the maximum extent combines the informativeness of the steering wheel and comfortable management conditions.

In some models of cars, the pump GOR rotates the drive of the electric motor. In such cases, the hydraulicer works even with an unnecessary engine.

In modern cars are increasingly installing electrical power steering. Their essential drawback is a complete dependence on the health and reliability of electronics. In case of failure of any of the electronic components, drives, even the fuse, the efficiency of the electric power steering is zero, the controllability deteriorates sharply.

How does the power steering work

The base diagram of the steering rack device with the hydraulic agent is shown in the picture:

During operation of the internal combustion engine, the oil pump of the hydraulic power supply of the steering wheel rotates, which is kinematically associated with the crankshaft. If the steering wheel is in the central position, the oil recycle on the hydraulic system without effort through the check valve. Torime, which performs the role of the tracking mechanism, responds to the steering wheel rotation. It actuates the spool of the distributor. It reports the main injection channel with the right or left cavity of power cylinders. The latter helps rotate the car's wheels.

In the extreme positions of the steering wheel, safety valves prevent excessive pressure in the system, the recycling oil into the recirculation channel.

In the electro-hydrocereels of the steering wheel, an electric valve controlled by an electronic control unit (ECU) is installed. ECU GUR, guided by the testimony of the rotation of the steering wheel, the vehicle, the crankshaft, adjusts the valve closing. Thus, depending on the velocity of the car, other indicators are regulated by the degree of enhancement of the GUR, the information content of the steering is controlled.

Signs of malfunction and possible causes

During the operation of the car on the faulty operation of the hydraulic power steering, the following features are indicated:

1. Return of the steering wheel. Usually occurs when the pump is malfunctions, either weak tension of the drive belt.

2. Much effort when turning the steering wheel. The reason may be: low level of fluid, worn out the hydraulic power supply pump, system enforcement.

3. Great efforts in the middle position of the steering. The main reason is the mechanical wear of the rail.

4. Increased efforts in one of the parties. Cause: Worn glands.

5. Fast steering wheel requires effort. Possible causes: enforcement, pump malfunction, small idle engine speed.

6. Noise. Causes: Low fluid level, flowing in the system.

7. Vibration. It often happens when tire damage, brake system malfunction. In the GUR system it is possible to enter the hydraulics.

Main faults of steering wheels with hydraulic flourishing, their elimination and repair

During operation, the steering rack system with a hydraulicer requires constant inspection, maintenance and repair (if necessary). The most common system malfunctions include:

1. Flow

Leather the glands is most often caused by corrosion in the event of water from entering the shaft, which, as the rust appears on it destroys the working surface of the gland. Such a malfunction is possible in the destruction of the anther caused by mechanical effects or natural wear.

Repair consists in restoring the integrity of the shaft, removing the traces of corrosion (usually shaft is polished). After that, a new gland with appropriate landing sizes is installed.

The hydraulics hoses flow are due to high pressure in the system (100 atmospheres or more), hose wear, especially in places of compound of rubber and metal elements of high pressure hoses. Usually it is required to replace the hose, however there are workshops that produce confused compounds.

2. Knock

It may arise for reasons:

• breakdown or erasing central tooth rail;
• wear of the support sleeve;
• faults of a material crush.

Tightening racks in case of wear of the central tooth does not result. The backlash may be less, but since other teeth are worn less (the increased wear of the central tooth is associated with the fact that the steering wheel is in the middle position), the steering wheel may not return from the extreme positions due to clamping.

Video - About the resource of the steering rack with a hydraulicel:

The support sleeves are strongly destroyed when moving on uneven road surface. Most ways of foreign cars are not designed for Russian roads.

3. Tight Rule

If the steering wheel is spinning only in one direction, most likely, the sealing ring in the dispenser body passes the pressure fluid. This may be the result of dirting or dust in the system, which over time makes grooves. The liquid does not fall into the hydraulic cylinder, and goes directly to the expander's tank. Repairs can be carried out by grinding the working area and replace the sealing ring.

If the steering wheel rotates tightly in both directions, several reasons are possible:

• fault of a piston Teflon Ring;
• peresok in two distributor chambers;
• a worn working pair of the pump;
• torsion breakdown.

To diagnose a specific malfunction, disassembly of the mechanism and diagnostics of nodes are required. In most cases, the help of a specialist will be required.

Verification of the performance of the pump GUR

For the work of testing the operation of the pump hydraulic power steering, the presence of a special pressure gauge and transition pads. Check sequence:

• a transitional shoe is installed with a pressure gauge into the gap of the hydraulic pump of the pump's output hose;
• engine starts, it works for a couple of minutes at idle;
• turns the steering wheel several times right-left to achieve the operating temperature of the fluid Gur;
• the pump pressure is measured with an open shut-off valve, which must be at least 1500 kPa;
• for a short time ( not more than five seconds!)shut-off valve closes;
• with a closed shut-off valve, the pressure must be at least 6500 kPa.

Recommendations In order for the power steering and the rack mechanism last longer

The steering rail is a mechanism that transmits the rotation of the steering wheel to rotate the wheels. The simplest device of this mechanism is the gear on the steering shaft, from which the steering rack is coming. But with the development of automotive, more complex mechanisms have been developed. Today there are three types of steering wheels: mechanical, electrical and hydraulic. They have a different device and mode of operation.

Device steering rack

All types of systems have a similar device: the rail has teeth that move along the steering column gear. These teeth have a gear ratio that is selected specifically for proper transmission of effort. Some species contain additional devices to facilitate the control of the car.

Mechanical steering device

This type of rail has the easiest device. The rotation of the wheels is carried out only at the expense of the driver's effort. It consists of gears that work on the same principle as the gearbox.

The system has two gear mechanism: one connects with the steering wheel, and the second with wheel traction. They have a certain gear ratio that facilitates the driver's task. Even a small steering movement is able to reject the wheels from the horizontal axis. This is especially convenient when maneuvering in limited spaces: the chauffeur can easily rotate the steering wheel until it stops and control the wheels.

Steering Rake with Hydrauscitel

Almost all new cars, in addition to the standard rail, install GUR - hydraulic power steering. It makes driving a car light and enjoyable. He also helps to guess the pits and bumps on the road - they do not hit the steering wheel, which makes driving safe.

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The steering rail device with the hydraulic agent: it consists of a pump in which the working fluid moves. When turning the steering wheel, it presses on the piston with a rod, which is responsible for turning the wheels. In the neutral steering position, all fluid returns to normal.

Rake steering with a hydraulic agent appeared first on trucks, which was difficult to manage. But with the development of technical progress, it began to be installed on passenger cars.

Electrocessor steering rack

This type of mechanism has an electric motor to enhance the power conversion of the steering wheel into the deviation of the wheels. It is managed by the ECU and special sensors.

There are three ways to attach this system: the motor is located on the rail, the motor is built into the column or the motor is located on the shaft. An embodiment with a built-in motor in the steering column is considered the most dangerous: if it fails, the car becomes not manageable.

To date, this mechanism is considered the most progressive, as it has the highest efficiency of all kinds. It is easy to maintain: there is no need to fasten the working fluid, there are no glands that could proceed. It is also economical, while liquid flows in the GUR constantly, the electric motor is started only when the steering wheel is rotated.

Scheme of work

It is not very difficult to understand what the rail is in the car. From the steering wheel, the steering column is coming, which at the end has a pixestrin with a gear ratio. In the distribution mechanism, this gear occurs with a gear device on the rail. Depending on the type of design, the pistons with the working fluid or an electric motor with a control unit are located. After that, the moment of rotation is transmitted to the steering thrust to the wheels.

This is a simplified scheme of a device that is necessary for understanding the principle of operation. In fact, the steering rail consists of regulating elements: springs, sleeves, limiters.

Fault

Any aggregate in the car may break. Especially often it happens on large runs. Over time, the details wear out and come into disrepair. But there may be other causes of damage in the car.

Causes of malfunction

The global reason for which this mechanism may be broken is the poor quality of the roads. Car lubers are unable to improve it, but they can carefully control the car: rush around the pits and bumps, reduce the speed on a bad road, not to exploit the city car in off-road conditions.

In bad road conditions, it can not only spoil the suspension, but also to fail the seals and anthers of the steering mechanism. And through the holes in them in the mechanism you can get a road dust. Most often it is she who causes the breakdown of a gear mechanism.

Signs of malfunction: diagnostics

Diagnostics of the steering rack suggests that the driver should pay attention to the slightest changes in the driving car. Signs of failure of the steering rack:

Rule weightlifting in certain positions;

Knock in the rail;

Steering vibration;

Leakage of liquid gur;

Incomplete refund to its original position;

Rotation of the steering wheel does not correspond to the rotation of the wheels.

The most common feature is the knocks in the front of the car. The diagnostics of the steering rack in the car service is the most obvious way out. Most likely, the master recognizes her breakdown and suggest replacing.

But remember that some breakdowns can be repaired. For example, if a mechanical type is installed on your auto, the wizard can disassemble the device, find the breakdown and eliminate it. You only need to find a reliable wizard and compare the price of repair and the cost of replacing the steering rack. Repair the steering rack, it is necessary or not - decide on your own, it depends on the type of device and its price.

Major faults

There are two main features of states - the knocks and leakage of the liquid. They can talk about many breakdowns, to discover which you will help the master of the car service. Possible faults of the steering rack:

Surface knock may occur due to damage to the anthem. Tips of thrust in this case quickly fail and begin to knock. In this case, they are simply replaced with new ones.

Internal knocks can talk about the malfunction of pistons or guide bushings. To diagnose, you will need to disassemble the mechanism and reveal the breakdown. Only a specialist can determine the knock of the steering rack and its character.

Also a knock can talk about the production of parts on large car runs. This breakdown cannot be repaired, you should replace the mechanism for the new one.

The flow may occur only on a device with a hydraulic agent. She suggests that the glands fell out of order and need to be replaced. If the arms occurs, the rail should be disassembled and inspecting all the details. If you have a question, what to do if the steering rack occurs, you should buy Remcople and take it to the service for repair.

If it is impossible to turn the steering wheel with EUR, it can be associated with the failure of the electric motor.

If hard turns the steering wheel from GUR, it can speak of a pump malfunction.

How to distinguish a malfunction of the steering rack from breakdown gur

Faults in the hydraulicel can be found in characteristic symptoms:

Gone strengthen the steering wheel under any conditions;

It disappears the gain only when the engine is drilled;

Extraneous noises when the amplifier works;

The working fluid foamed.

If you have these symptoms, contact a specialist who understands the principle of operation of the steering rack with a hydraulic agent to eliminate faults.

Remember that prevention is the best way to prevent faults. To extend this mechanism, simple rules should be observed:

Regularly check anthers. If a crack or a hole formed on them, it is better to immediately replace them.

In winter, you first need to warm up the engine and only then start moving and rotate the steering wheel. It is best on the spot to cut the steering wheel from the side to the side to heat the oil.

Turn around the wells and knockers and try to travel them.

Do not forget to change the fluid of the hydraulicel.

You should not dramatically get out of the place, especially if the steering wheel is unsalted until it stops.

The steering rail is a mechanical device for transmitting effort from the steering mechanism on the wheels. The steering rack device looks outwardly, it looks difficult, but few masters are dealt with internal mechanisms and can repair them. Therefore, if troubleshooting, you should find a good car service to eliminate the problems of the steering of the steering or change the entire mechanism.

Repair of steering wheels is a complex process with which a beginner motorist will not cope.

Features of steering plates on cars

At all modern machines, amplifiers are installed, so that the driver is easier to drive a car. In addition, they provide safety in difficult conditions. So that the driver does not lose the feeling of the road, manufacturers resort to modifications in the suspension.

Ford

Many motorists complain that steering racks often break on the machines. This applies to almost all models, but especially many problems arise from the owners of Ford Focus. Some batch of this model had defective rails that were collected on the old equipment. They broke on the first thousand kilometers.

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Most models of this manufacturer have a hydraulovel. On some modern versions of EUR.

Renault

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All Renault models are equipped with a power steering. It does not cause problems with regular maintenance. We must not forget to change the liquid of the GUR, then it will last long. Remember that only the liquid recommends that the manufacturer recommends, because it is best suited to these cars.

Toyota

Toyota installs the hydraulicel on its models. He facilitates driving a car and is responsible for the comfort of the trip. On these cars, it works stably and rarely breaks.

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This brand produces cars in the price category above average, so modern models are equipped with a more expensive analogue - electric power. But his weakness is that he is afraid of raw weather. Do not pass on such cars in deep puddles, so as not to damage the electronics of the machine.

Opel

At most models of this brand, GUR is installed. It is usually not problems with him, but some motorists complain of pumps in Opel Vectra. It is difficult to repair, so it is recommended to change it to a new one.

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In modern Opel Astra put EUR. Judging by the reviews of motorists, it can turn off when turning and does not work well with wet weather. The reason for this may be in denoting sensors or bad contacts of wires. Usually, when troubleshooting these problems, the electric powerful is stable.

Lada Kalina: Repair

There are two generations of viburnum, the electric powerful is installed on both. It is a conventional mechanical rail, which is enhanced by an electric motor. It is easy to install, so it is present in all configurations of this model. But his minus is that it turns on and on a small, and at high speed.

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Unfortunately, EUR breaks on a car with a large mileage, and on new machines. Most often, the reason lies in the control unit. At the same time, the light bulb on the dashboard lights up, and the steering wheel stops turning. If this happened suddenly, you need to stop and disable the power of this device. Then you can get to the service where you will be removed and the unit will change.

VAZ

Under the abbreviation of VAZ, the classic models are most often meant - from the "penny" to the "twelfth". They have an ordinary mechanical rail without amplifiers. Problems with it can begin only due to mechanical damage to the anthem or physical wear of parts.

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Today, the VAZ produces models with hydro and electric power plants. This requires the development of equipment and customer requests. Their breakdowns are similar to breakdowns on other cars, most often they appear on large runs.

This is a kind of mechanism capable of transmitting efforts from the steering wheel. Roughly speaking, a device that allows you to synchronously rotate wheels toward the specified steering wheel. The mechanism is easy enough. It is necessary to understand the relationship, the turning device rotates the shaft, the rotation from it is transmitted to the gear, and from the last movement are transmitted to the gear rail. Thus, depending on the rotation of the steering wheel, it moves to the left or right, and with it it changes and turns that are attached to the swivel fists.

Recently, it is the steering rack that is attributed to the championship among all management systems.

Device

Like any mechanism, this item consists of several elements. So:

Cylinder, he is Carter. Detail in which the gear rail itself is located. As a rule, in modern cars began to use light alloys, such as aluminum.

Gear, part of the shaft "coming" from the steering column.

A gentle rail, which is for a reliable clutch with the gear, has a spring.

Various glands and locks at the edges, to limit the move.

Thrust, tips.

Do not forget about bearings, they prevent the appearance of a backlash and provide light "maneuvers" of the casing itself.

Keep the form that depending on the vehicle modification, the device can be complemented by some additional elements. For example, it can be hydraulic cylinders, electric motors with their set of parts.

One of the add. Elements, can perform a planetary mechanism. It allows you to change the transfer ratio, that is, while driving, depending on which speed, the "planetary" regulates the gear gear ratio. Controllability is improved, especially at high speeds, when sharp turns of the steering wheel are not desirable. For the first time, the manufacturers of BMW began to apply.

Views

Now there are three varieties of such management. About their differences, learn later. So, types:

1. "Naked", that is, a mechanical rail.

The simplest representative among the entire steering. As you understand from the name, the turns of the wheels are carried out only taking into account the applied driver's forces. But, do not think that due to the lack of "helpers", turn the steering wheel will be difficult. There are modifications where it was possible to implement a replaceable gear ratio. Its features said above.

The principle of operation is that there are special teeth on the rails and, depending on how they are arranged and depends, "gravity" and "lightness" of the rotation of the steering wheel.

For example, VAZ cars "" among the domestic segment, "pioneers", the first toothev's different pitch was first. That is, from the middle to the edges, the step has changed, thereby, at small rulings, the steering wheel, for example, at speed, the steering wheel becomes heavy. And when maneuvering on limited sites, the steering wheel, the steering wheel rotated easier, due to a lower gear ratio.

2. Steering Rake with Hydraulus

The main difference from the previous version is that in addition to the physical strength that the driver attaches is attached, and "help" of the hydraulic liner is attached. The ease of rotation of the steering wheel is ensured.

For example, try twisting the steering wheel of a mechanical rail and "hydraulics" in place, the difference will be tangible. In the first case, the "Branca" do not turn the finger, in the second case, it will be easy to easily.

It is believed that the hydraulic assistants increase the safety of motion, they base such thoughts on the fact that during the movement when the wheel hit the pit, it was the hydraulicel that will also "extinguish" the blow. In the case of "mechanics", the impact is transferred to "hands" and is not known how the driver behaves.

But, this is the negative side, because the sensitivity of the control significantly deteriorates.

The principle of operation of hydraulics is quite simple. The "brains" of Gira distribute the desired amount of pressure and effort on torsion and spool. The latter guide and pressure the pressure calculated by the "brains". As a result, when the steering wheel turns, the oil is instantly injected through the spool in the zone into which the turn goes. After immobilizing the steering wheel or its turn in the other direction, the oil changes the "position".

3. Rake with electric power

Electric rail, the principle of operation is similar to the preceding species, but instead of hydraulics, the help has an electric motor. Depending on the modification of the car, its class and cost, distinguish between several options for placing the motor. So:

Built directly into the column.

Installed on the shaft.

The third option implies placement on a toothed rail.

The third placement option is considered to be the safest, because the first two implies the installation on the shaft. And in the case of failure, the wheels simply will not be removed.

As for the EUR as a whole, cars with such mechanisms are usually more expensive. After all, unlike the second type, there are no hoses, the glands that prevented leakage of the liquid. And therefore, in terms of reliability, they won.

Faults and signs

In general, you can highlight about five main problems that can climb the steering rail device.

1. Carter deformation, if damage is serious, it will not be possible to rotate the wheels.

2. The depressurization of the body, that is, dust, dirt, moisture, and the like. As a rule, after that, the rail will not "live for a long time."

3. breakdown of teeth rail, gear, "planetary".

Damaged tree teeth

4. Wear parts.

5. Loss of integrity of adjacent elements of the rail, for example, a crack, a violation of geometry, corrosion of steering, tips.

Signs indicating that the mechanism will soon fail or needs to be repaired:

A knock appeared even on small bodies, which disappears when "transferring" the steering wheel to the least.

The effort is gone when turning the steering wheel.

Arbitrary rotation steering.

The steering wheel stopped returning to its original position, after rotation.

Leakage of liquid from the gur, the appearance of oil spots on anthers.

Hypersensitivity steering.