Why does the distributor not spark in whole or in part. No spark from the ignition coil Why is there no spark

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If the engine does not start, but you can hear how the fuel pump in the tank turns on and operates, in this case, the spark on the injector most likely disappeared. To determine the malfunction, it is necessary to check for the presence of a spark discharge on the high-voltage wires. In this case, be sure to use an arrester. If you check the presence of a spark for a gap by placing the wire at a certain distance from the mass of the car, then the ignition module or the controller may fail due to the appearance of a large self-induction current with a large spark gap. In addition, you can get quite tangible and unpleasant sensations after receiving an electric shock during insulation breakdown. In the event that you check the spark discharge by putting a spark plug with a high-voltage wire on it on the engine body, also due to poor contact of the spark plug body with ground, a large self-induction current may form, which will damage the controller or ignition module. The use of a spark gap is also more convenient, since in most injection engines, static ignition distribution is used with the simultaneous supply of high voltage to two candles.

It is not difficult to make an arrester yourself, here you can find several examples. A drawing of a spark gap for simultaneously checking a spark on four high-voltage wires and a photo for checking a spark on two high-voltage wires. After connecting the spark gap, we turn the engine with a starter and observe the presence of a spark discharge. If a spark on the injector disappears on one wire, when the high voltage is simultaneously distributed to two candles, then this indicates a breakdown to the ground of the wire or the output of the ignition coil (ignition module). If there is no spark at the same time on a pair of wires 1-4 or 2-3, then the ignition coil, ignition module or controller is faulty. A break in high-voltage wires cannot be ruled out either.

Checking ignition devices.

To check the integrity of high-voltage wires, it is necessary to check their resistance, it should not exceed 200 kΩ, and there should not be a large difference in resistance in a set of identical wires. To check the ignition coils or the module, it is necessary to check for the presence of the corresponding error codes in the RAM of the controller. If the controller does not provide a diagnostic function for the module or coils, then the easiest way is to replace the module with a known good one and repeat the test. If in this case there is no spark on the same wires, then the controller or the wires connecting it to the ignition coil (module) is faulty. When checking for a spark discharge in a static ignition system with an ignition coil on each cylinder, if there is no spark on one of the coils, replace it with any good one from any cylinder. If a spark appears, the coil is faulty, otherwise the controller or the wire connecting it to the coil is faulty. In the event that there is no spark discharge on any wire, it is necessary to check the presence of power on the ignition coil, and if a module is used in the ignition system, also the presence of a minus. For example, on cars with an MP7 controller, you need to check the presence of a plus on wire 68 by touching it with a control lamp connected to the minus and the presence of a minus on wire 66 with a control lamp connected to the plus. If the supply wires are in good condition, it is necessary to check the health of the sensor. This can be done in several ways, depending on the controller used and the vehicle. After turning on the ignition and stopping the operation of the fuel pump, if we start cranking the engine crankshaft with the starter, with a working sensor, the pump should turn on again. But it should be borne in mind that some controllers turn on the fuel pump only when a certain crankshaft speed is reached. You can also connect a test lamp to the terminals of any injector. In this case, during the rotation of the crankshaft with a working sensor, the control lamp should blink. If the sensor is good, then the controller or the wires connecting it to the ignition coils or the module is faulty. Proof of operation of the crankshaft position sensor may be damp plugs removed from the engine cylinders. A controller malfunction in 99% of cases is associated with a breakdown of the control key (transistor), which connects the primary winding of the ignition coils with a minus. This is the same main reason for the malfunction of the ignition module. But if the ignition module is filled with compound and is practically beyond repair, then the controller can be repaired in this case. In some cases, anyone with a soldering iron skill and a little knowledge of electronics can handle this. A sensor malfunction is quite rare and is often associated with the loss of contact in the plug connection with the sensor, due to its contamination and oiling, and a break or short circuit of the wires, as a result of improper laying during repairs.

admin 06/03/2012

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If you could not start your car and after checking the spark on the spark plug, it turned out that it simply does not exist, then you should check the entire VAZ 2106 ignition system and find a malfunction of a certain element.

In personal practice, I had several cases that were accompanied by the disappearance of a spark, and below I will cite them and talk about each in more detail.

Again, I will make a reservation that this is not a complete list of all the problems that can cause, but I will try to cite most of them. For experienced owners, you can supplement your thoughts on

Malfunction of one of the spark plugs

Failure of high-voltage spark plug wires or the central wire of the ignition coil

If there is no spark on any one cylinder, then try swapping the high voltage wires. If, after that, the work of the previous cylinder was restored, and the other cylinder, on the contrary, stopped working, this indicates a failure of the spark plug wire.

If the spark does not go to any VAZ 2106 spark plug, then the integrity and operability of the central wire should be checked, in the same way as in the last paragraph. Also, you just have to try to stick the wire harder into the coil and the distributor cover, maybe it's just that in one of these places the wire jumped out a little and there is no necessary contact.

The contacts in the distributor are burnt or completely out of order

Open the distributor cover and carefully inspect the contacts. They could burn, and because of this, the spark will disappear. Also check them for integrity. And one more important point: with the distributor cover open, turn the starter and see if the contacts open? If not, it is necessary to adjust the gap between the contacts. If you are convinced that everything is fine at this stage, then you should pay attention to the next element.

Malfunction of the ignition coil VAZ 2106

If there is no spark even on the contacts, then there is a high probability that it was the ignition coil that burned out. You can check it either with an ohmmeter by measuring the resistance, or by installing a new one and see if this fixes the problem!

Failure of the switch or hall sensor

This item applies to owners. If there is no spark, then it is these two elements that can cause this trouble. It is necessary to diagnose the malfunction of these parts and replace, if necessary, with new ones.

If you have a BSC installed on your VAZ 2106, then you can carry a hall sensor with you in stock, which is the most common cause of a malfunction. Or, in extreme cases, do as I did, fold the old contact ignition kit neatly and let it lie in the trunk. It does not take up much space, but somewhere on the road it can help you a lot if one of the BSZ elements burns out!

If one of the owners came across other reasons for the disappearance of the spark, then please share in the comments, I think that for many owners this information will be very useful!

Among the common malfunctions or a carburetor motor is one when a spark has disappeared. In this case, the engine may not start or, after starting, it may function intermittently (triple), since there is no spark on one of the spark plugs and the cylinder does not actually work.

In such a situation, the diagnosis should begin with a check. In parallel with this, it is worth considering certain features and nuances, depending on the type of engine installed. Next, we will talk about the available methods for checking the ignition for a spark in relation to engines with a carburetor, and also consider what to do if a spark has disappeared on an injection engine.

Read in this article

Why does the spark disappear: the main reasons

On different types of engines, there is a fairly wide list of reasons why there is no spark on the spark plugs. Among the main experts are:

Problems with spark plugs (destruction of the plug body, electrode defects, etc.). It is also worth noting that the spark plugs may be drenched in fuel or oil, which indicates a breakdown in the engine itself.
Malfunctions of high-voltage wires associated with insulation breakdown or lack of contact.
Failure or errors in work.
Problems with the ignition module, ignition coil, switch;
Malfunctions or malfunctions of the distributor.
Deterioration or absence of "mass" contact.
Errors associated with the operation of the electronic engine control unit ();

There is no spark on an injection engine or a motor with a carburetor: how to check

Spark testing is possible in several ways: to "ground", by using a multimeter, a special tester on a piezoelectric element. The first way is the easiest. The body of the unscrewed candle is brought to the metal (usually the engine block), after which the engine is scrolled by the starter and the presence of a spark is analyzed.

Please note that the specified test method cannot be used during diagnostics of injection vehicles. The fact is that on a car with an injector there is an ECU and other electrical equipment that is quite sensitive and can be disabled.

The second method makes it possible to assess the condition of the spark plug to a greater extent, to identify a breakdown, etc. The use of a special tester is a method for checking a spark on an injector car, resembling in its principle a check by analyzing a spark breakdown for "mass" (the first method). At the same time, the risk of burning the control unit is minimized. Now let's talk about how to check the spark on an injection engine.

As mentioned above, a special arrester device is used to test the spark on the injector. The presence of this solution during diagnostics allows you to accurately localize the problem area, since the ignition spark may not be on the spark plug, on the distributor or on the coil. Also, the spark may not be only in one, in several or in all the engine cylinders at once.

The complete absence of sparking indicates a possible malfunction of the controller, ignition module, coil or center wire malfunction. Diagnostics should start by checking the fuses. Then you should evaluate the condition of the "ground" contact, and also check the high-voltage wires.

If there is no spark on the ignition coil, then the operation of the high voltage wire should be diagnosed. The specified wire must be checked for insulation integrity, not have breakdowns, burnt areas, etc. The discovery of any defects is the basis for its replacement.

Also, in the process of diagnosing the ignition system, you should inspect the spark plugs. This should be done if the electricity reaches the candles. On carburetor cars, it is enough to remove the spark plug wire, and then bring it closer to a metal surface (for example, a car body) by half a centimeter. Then you need to twist the starter and make sure that there is or is not a passing spark between the wire and the metal surface. The spark itself should also have a certain intensity, be white with a slight bluish tint. If deviations are not noticed, then the candles are working. The reason that there is no spark on the spark plug may be the ignition coil.

If problems with candles are noticed, then you need to pay attention to the contacts of the candles. The specified contacts must be free of contamination. We add that in case of observed deviations from the norm, it is optimal to immediately replace the spark plugs. Failure to do so will indicate the need to clean the contacts.

Checking the ignition coil for spark

To diagnose the operability of the coil, remove the wire from the distributor-breaker. Further, the check is carried out in the same way as testing high-voltage wires, that is, the wire is brought to a metal surface and turned with a starter. The presence of a spark will indicate in this case a malfunction of the ignition distributor, if there is no spark, then the problem lies in the coil.

First you need to check the distributor contacts. These contacts may oxidize, damage to the insulation is also possible, and the rotor itself may be faulty. By detecting rotor problems, the problem can be rectified by replacing the rotor. When checking the ignition coil, it is necessary to identify possible defects in the integrity of the winding, burnouts and other signs that a short circuit occurs inside. If such signs are found, the coil should be replaced or the ignition coil repaired.

Let us add that the presence of a spark on the spark plugs does not mean that the car must necessarily start. This is especially true for injection engines, on which the failure of certain sensors or ECUs can make it very difficult or completely impossible to start the power unit. In such cases, there is a spark, fuel is supplied, but the engine still will not start. Also, the ignition lock deserves special attention, since malfunctions can occur in this place as well.

Now let's take a closer look at how to check the main elements of the ignition system. To do this, let's go back to the coil again. As already mentioned, the most common cause of failure is a damaged winding. Then insulation breakdown occurs and a short circuit occurs. It is also important to understand that the coil can fail due to overloads. Such increased loads result from problem spark plugs or plug wires. For diagnostics, you should:

put the car in a dry parking, repair or other box. You can also use the garage. The main thing is that the humidity is not too high;
then you need to clean the distributor cover of contamination, after which the specified cover must be removed;
then you need to crank the engine crankshaft so that the distributor contacts are closed;
now you can turn on the ignition and bring the high-voltage wire of the distributor to ground by 3-7 mm;

After evaluating the spark, a decision can be made as to whether the ignition coil needs to be replaced. Please note that the repair of this element is often impractical. Also, when installing a new part, you should carefully adhere to the required polarity. If this is not done, then the new part will quickly become unusable after an unqualified installation. Note that in car services a special stand is used to test the coils. Such equipment allows you to check the coil, taking into account different operating modes.

To check the spark on the spark plugs if the distributor is working properly and there are no problems with the condition of the high-voltage wires, you need to unscrew the spark plugs from the engine. In addition to the contacts, one should look at carbon deposits, the degree of oily contamination of the electrodes, etc. For normal sparking, contamination must be cleaned. You should also check the gap between the electrodes, which is usually between 0.7 and 0.9 mm. If the gap is broken, then you can gently bend the side electrode. This method is a temporary measure, but in some cases it allows you to drive from several tens to hundreds of kilometers without "tripping" the engine in case of malfunctions with the spark plugs.

We also add that there are special pistol devices for checking candles. Typically, these solutions are available from spark plug sellers in auto dealerships or car markets. If possible, then the candles can be tested on similar equipment.

If there is no spark: ignition module

Possible problems associated with the operation of the ignition module are indicated by the following symptoms:

at idle, the engine troit;
power decreases, the car accelerates poorly;

The engine trope is most pronounced in two nearby cylinders, and the drop in thrust is felt more strongly during attempts to sharply accelerate the vehicle, that is, when the accelerator is pressed firmly and sharply. On the dashboard of most cars in such a situation, the "check" usually lights up.

If checking the spark plugs and high-voltage wires did not reveal any problems, then the ignition module should be checked with a tester. The check consists in connecting one output of the tester to the connector of the module, and supplying the other to ground. Then the motor can be started. A 12V tester reading is an indication that the module is in order. A deviation in the readings of the device from the norm may indicate both the need to replace the module itself and check / replace the corresponding fuses.

Experienced car enthusiasts are well aware that spark plugs can fail at the most inopportune moment. For this reason, it is recommended that you carry a spare kit with you. The same can be said for the spark plug wires.

Great care should be taken when working on the ignition system as a severe electric shock may result. Insulated tools must be used.

If you suspect that the cause of the malfunction is the ignition module, the device can be temporarily replaced with a known worker at such an opportunity. This approach can significantly reduce the diagnostic time and quickly identify the source of the problem.

Since the spark plugs fail most often compared to other elements of the ignition system, the spark test always begins with them. Diagnostics can be performed one at a time. The procedure is carried out by unscrewing the candle from, then the cap and the wire from the coil are put on the candle, after which the ground is grounded. The main indicator when checking during the rotation of the starter is the spark itself and its quality.

When removing the spark plug wires from the ignition module, it is advisable to mark each wire. This will allow checking and subsequent connection in a strictly defined order without the risk of mixing up the wires.

9 reasons why the spark is completely absent:

Spark plug

The electrodes of the spark plug can become covered with deposits, carbon deposits appear, sometimes completely covering the gap between the electrodes, breakdown of the insulator can occur, burnout of the electrodes and the spark plug fails.

Ignition coil

In the ignition coil, there may be an interturn short circuit or a winding break.

Distributor distributor

The contacts in the distributor may be faulty, the Hall sensor, a broken slider or a crack in the lid.

Egnition lock

The contact group may be faulty in the ignition lock (burning of the contacts, melting of the plastic protrusion of the contact commutation control.

High voltage wires

The problem in the wires can be expressed in their cracking, burning of the inner core and breakdown of the outer insulation.

Hall Sensor

In a contactless ignition system, the Hall sensor is responsible for interrupting the spark, the failures of which are often caused by loosening the bolts of its fastening, or by the breakdown of the sensor itself.

In the photo - hall sensor

Crankshaft sensor

If there is no spark, then the wire of this cylinder is checked with a known good spark plug, and if a spark appears, then the problem is in the spark plug that was previously in the cylinder. A new candle is installed and the engine starts, if the cylinder is working, then the problem was in the candle, if not, then you need to check the compression in this cylinder, as well as the clearance in the valves of this cylinder (valve clearances are pinched) in order to identify the cause of the malfunction.

In the case when there is no spark when checking a known good spark plug, you need to check the condition, the output to this cylinder in the distributor cover (a crack is possible).

On injection engines, it is not recommended to check the spark plugs by contacting them with ground, as the ECU and other electronic systems may fail. To check the spark on injection motors, there are special devices - dischargers, which are recommended to be used.

Since spark plugs most often fail, we advise you to always have a spare kit so that you can quickly replace them on the way.

Summary

As you can see, the presence of knowledge about the structure and operation of the ignition system, as well as an automobile tester, will help any car owner identify and find a malfunction without contacting a car service.

Many motorists faced with a 16-valve VAZ-2112 engine with the fact that the spark disappeared. What is the reason for this defect? The first thing that begs the conclusion is ignition. But, in this case, not everything is so simple, since the problem may lie deeper than it seems at first glance.

The video describes the situation when you lost a spark on the road, and:

General view of the engine 10-12 series 16 valves

Not all motorists know the reasons for the disappearance of a spark, and even more so how to diagnose and troubleshoot. So, it is worth identifying the main reasons, and then deciphering why exactly they become the cause. At the end, you need to consider ways to eliminate the defect. So, what are the reasons that the spark has disappeared:

High voltage wires and their location.
Gas distribution mechanism.

All the reasons have been found and it is worth moving on to the process of eliminating this malfunction.

Give me a spark? Eliminate problems!

At the outset, it's worth noting that you don't need to rush to check right away. As practice shows, there is a certain sequence of actions and malfunctions that could lead to the disappearance of a spark on a 16-valve engine.

Fuel pump

Bosch fuel pump

Ignition is far from the first reason for the loss of ignition on a car. Before getting into the electrical part of the car, it is worth digging, so to speak, in the mechanics. Turn on the ignition and listen if the petrol pump has started working... If he is silent, then it is necessary to check whether the gasoline enters the cylinders.

It is worth starting the diagnostic procedure by checking the fuses for serviceability. Of course, you can only view the one that is responsible for the fuel pump (in this case), but it is recommended to diagnose everything for integrity. If at least one is out of order, then it must be replaced.

Fuses are located to the left of the steering wheel under the light mode switch

If the previous procedure did not help, then we turn directly to the pump itself. For diagnostics, you will have to take out the entire module that is located under the rear sofa and disassemble it.

It is easy to check the pump directly - the contacts are closed through the tester. If there is no reading, then the part is dead and needs to be replaced. If the pump is "live", then it is necessary to clean the contact group and check the wiring for breaks.

Spark plug

Location of spark plugs on the engine

The candle becomes the second line that can cause the spark to disappear. We unscrew the elements and carry out visual diagnostics. If everything is clean and beautiful on the outside, then it is necessary. Of course, you can check the performance of a candle on a special candle stand, but not everyone has one in the garage. Therefore, we do everything the old fashioned way.

We connect the spark plug to the high-voltage wire, which is connected to 1 cylinder, and with the outside to the body to get mass, and give the ignition contact.

When performing this operation, you should be extremely careful, since the voltage that enters the spark can be fatal. Thus, we check all candles for the presence of a spark.

Alternative way to check spark plugs

Checking the spark plug using a piezo element from a conventional lighter

Ignition coil

Checking the high-voltage wire with a multimeter

Breakdown or failure of the wire will immediately become known, since. But, if the BB wires are located incorrectly in the cylinders, then you will have to place them according to the connection diagram. The missing spark problem should go away.

Gas distribution mechanism

The last place where you need to look for the missing spark is the timing. Knocked valve timing can be a problem. This could be due to incorrect installation of the target disk. It is located on and serves as a readout synchronizer for the sensor. With its correct location, when 1 cylinder is in the TMV, the sensor is located between teeth 19 and 20. ...

conclusions

The loss of a spark on a 16-valve VAZ-2112 may be the result of the failure of several vehicle components at once or each separately. But, if the operations indicated in the article did not help, then you should contact the specialists at the car service, who will accurately identify the cause and eliminate it.