Great Wall Hover in detail: white crow. Great Wall Hover in detail: white crow From the history of the model

Four-wheel drive is called the constructive organization of the vehicle transmission, which is designed to delegate torque to all wheels of the machine. Initially, all-wheel drive was used only on off-road all-terrain vehicles. Now such a system is found on crossovers and on some station wagons.

The advantages of all-wheel drive are:
increased cross-country ability;
high adhesion to the road surface;
good handling.

But there is also one serious drawback. The four-wheel drive design is quite complex, so four-wheel drive cars, as a rule, are much more expensive than cars with one drive axle. Fans of all-wheel drive will have to fork out not only when buying a car, but if it needs to be repaired. However, everyone chooses a car, focusing on their budget.

But how the four-wheel drive works, you need to talk in more detail.

Types of all-wheel drive and features of the work of each of the types

There are three main types:
constant;
connected by means of automation;
manually operated.

Each of the types has its own structural features and, accordingly, work.

Permanent four-wheel drive

The principle of operation of such a drive is as follows: from the power unit, the torque goes to the transfer case, from the transfer case it is transmitted to the differential - an element that is designed to distribute force to the front and rear pair of car wheels. After that, through the cardan, the force goes to the cross-axle differentials and goes to the wheels.

The center differential, as well as similar cross-axle devices, tend to be locked. This is necessary if the machine is hit by one or more wheels, for example, on an unreliable surface.

Manual all-wheel drive

Its principle of operation is similar to that of a permanent drive. Except for one point: in the car there is a special lever with which the transfer case is controlled.

It is believed that modern cars are not equipped with such a drive system. However, some brands and models can be cited as an example: Renault Logan. The machine has a special regulator for switching modes: front-wheel drive, automatically connected four-wheel drive, four-wheel drive, manually connected.

It is worth noting that manual all-wheel drive cannot be used for a long time. This, as a rule, leads to overheating of the coupling and its failure.

Toyota Previa. The principle of all-wheel drive

The principle of operation of all-wheel drive on the Previa model from Toyota is interesting. Cars. as a rule, in nature there are already quite old ones, therefore, they have a special organization of all-wheel drive. Despite the fact that the four-wheel drive operates constantly, there is a viscous coupling in the design, which is responsible for blocking the cross-axle differentials, if such a locking becomes necessary.
This drive design is not entirely standard. However, Previa is also a car that can no longer be called modern. But on domestic roads, it is found in various modifications.

The principle of operation of all-wheel drive on the Highlander

There is a heated debate about what kind of four-wheel drive is installed on the Highlander. This is due, in part, to the fact that there are several versions of machines. The second reason is the ambiguity of opinions as to how the torque is distributed between the axles.

Older versions of the car are equipped with a viscous drive, which is designed to block the differential. More recent versions of the car of this model are equipped with the SCV stabilization system, which performs the tasks of viscous coupling - blocking the wheels that have gone into the axle boxes, braking them.

It is believed that Highlander cars are equipped with permanent all-wheel drive, where the distribution of forces along the axles is 50 to 50. Many car owners tend to believe that 60 percent of the torque is distributed to the front axle. This naturally applies to the previous generation of the vehicle. New cars have a free differential, so the torque goes to the axle on which it is needed.

The principle of operation of the all-wheel drive on the Hover

The Chinese car Great Wall Hower is very popular not only because it is reliable enough and looks good, but also due to the presence of all-wheel drive. The Chinese automotive industry is based on the developments of world leaders in this field. Therefore, the all-wheel drive system is built in an interesting way. First, the Hover is equipped with an intelligent all-wheel drive system. Secondly, in the structure of the all-wheel drive, there is also an electric clutch. The rear axle is connected using a special twist located in the cabin. Otherwise, the Hover's front-wheel drive does not have any serious features.

In 2014, the Chinese frame SUV Great Wall Hover H3 (aka Great Wall H3 New) underwent restyling, as a result of which it changed slightly inside and outside, and also received a new turbo engine that consumes 92nd gasoline without any problems. Today it is a serious competitor for UAZ Patriot, Chevrolet Niva, Lada 4x4 and the like, since it can offer real increased cross-country ability, good build quality and interior decoration, large capacity and good equipment - all, of course, at an affordable price, in the best traditions of the PRC car industry. Read more about the updated Hover in our review!

Design

On the side, the Hover H3 of the 2014 model, like the UAZ Patriot, is boring to the point of impossibility. No frills - everything is clear and to the point. Namely - plastic protective linings on the sidewalls, large alloy wheels with an unpretentious pattern, powerful wheel arches and informative exterior mirrors, painted in body color, with integrated turn signals. Behind, too, boredom - nothing special about it is evidenced by the unremarkable vertical lights and ... And more on the "stern", in principle, there is nothing to catch on. This is a workhorse, not a miracle of auto design, what to take from it?

Design

The restyled "Hover" is based on the same well-proven platform as the pre-reform model. At the front, it has an independent torsion bar suspension, and at the rear there is a dependent suspension with four trailing arms with a Panhard rod. All suspension components are powerful, which makes the car easy to cope with bumps, potholes, cracks and waves on the road, especially at medium speeds. Brakes - disc (front - ventilated).

Adaptation to Russian conditions

For the harsh road realities of Russia, the car is not bad - fortunately, there is an all-wheel drive transmission (the four-wheel drive control buttons are in a convenient place - in the lower part of the center console), and 240 mm ground clearance, and a fuel tank with a very durable body, and protection of the engine compartment, which also covers the checkpoint and razdatka from strikes. Hidden in the engine compartment, the new turbo engine is unpretentious in terms of fuel quality and calmly refers to the 92nd gasoline, which is so relevant in our country. For operation in the cold season, heating of external mirrors, rear glass and seats in the first row is provided, and in addition, climate control is included in each configuration.

Comfort

A large two-level box-armrest is installed between the seats of the first row, where you can store personal belongings. Next to it is a cigarette lighter socket (a similar socket is cut into the trunk wall). The gearshift lever on the central tunnel has a nice plastic cladding with an "expensive" texture. Alas, there is nowhere to attach a smartphone for charging - except in the cup holders on the floor tunnel lining. The rear of the passenger compartment is spacious: there is ample knee room, even when it comes to tall passengers. The transmission tunnel will not interfere with the average passenger - it almost does not protrude from the floor. A surprise awaits under the right seat cushion - the Chinese put a set of tools there, useful for long journeys. The cushion of the rear sofa is slightly lower and shorter than necessary, and the backrest is not capable of tilt adjustment, but it can be folded in a 1: 2 ratio. The cargo compartment of the restyled version is no different from the trunk of its predecessor: its area is large, but the "roll-up" curtain is not as high as we would like. However, if you wish, it is enough to remove it, thereby making it easier for yourself the process of loading and unloading your baggage.

In 2010, the Irito company, which is the main importer of Hovers in Russia, conducted Hover H3 crash tests as part of the Chinese Car Safety Program. The tests used the NCAP (New Car Assessment Program) technique, which implies a frontal crash test with 40% overlap at a speed of 64 km / h, which is an imitation of a "live" frontal impact. In these tests, the Hover H3 was able to demonstrate a decent level of protection for the driver and passengers, earning 11.7 points out of 16 (73%). The standard equipment of the "Chinese" is rather modest: it includes front airbags, an anti-lock braking system and a brake force system. Parking sensors, navigation and a rearview camera are available at an additional cost.

The top-end configuration of the Hover H3 has a new multimedia system with a touchscreen display, AUX / USB inputs and Bluetooth for connecting gadgets, as well as an SD slot for loading navigation maps. The graphics and sound of the "multimedia" are acceptable, the image from the rear view camera is clear, the blue backlighting is not too pleasing to the eye, and the interface is overloaded with unnecessary information, such as, for example, compass, pressure and altitude. The temperature indicator overboard and the brightness control of the touchscreen, as it was, and not. Due to the fact that the brightness of the display cannot be changed, during the day in the sun the numbers are hardly distinguishable, and in the evening their cheerful heavenly radiance is simply annoying. Obviously, the manufacturer still has work to do.

Great Wall Hover H3 Specifications

What tricks did the owners of the pre-reform "Hovers" use to make their cars go as expected: they did chip tuning of the engine, installed a mechanical compressor, filled the fuel tank with AI-95 gasoline with additives ... And finally, in Great Wall listened to customers and came up with a solution to this problem using turbocharging from Shanghai MHI Turbocharger Co. - the Chinese division of the Japanese company Mitsubishi, which inspires confidence to a certain extent. As a result, under the hood of the restyled Hover H3 lives the familiar 2.0-liter naturally aspirated engine with the 4G63S4M index, which has received a number of improvements. The improved unit produces 177 hp. and 250 Nm of peak torque instead of the previous 116 hp. and 175 Nm (116-strong version is still on sale along with a 5-speed manual transmission), but derated for Russia up to 150 "horses". Now the SUV behaves much more recklessly than before - overtaking is definitely easier. For this, we should also thank the brand new six-speed manual transmission with "extended" gears.

The transfer case shift lever can be set to any of four positions. The transfer case lever positions and their corresponding driving conditions are shown in the table below.

Correct use of four-wheel drive

After turning on the all-wheel drive mode (4H, 4L), the front and rear axles of the car are connected and are driving at the same time. This achieves an optimum 50:50 drive force distribution. But this requires more effort when turning and turning the machine.
When using front-wheel drive in difficult conditions (driving on snow and ice, clay or sand), it is very important to drive correctly and carefully.

ATTENTION
It is forbidden to use the four-wheel drive mode on paved roads. This leads to the destruction of vehicle transmission elements, premature tire wear, increased fuel consumption and vehicle noise levels. and also to seizure of drive parts and other malfunctions.

Electric clutch control.

4WD mode.
When 4WD is activated, the ‘4WD’ indicator comes on.
When switching from 2WD mode to 4WD mode, the ‘4WD’ indicator starts flashing. The electric clutch actuator enters 4WD mode, after which the '4WD' indicator lights up continuously.
Note: if the actuator could not switch to all-wheel drive mode from 2WD mode the first time, then after 2.5 seconds. the controller restarts the clutch actuator. The indicator blinks at the same time. If the repeated attempt to switch again ends unsuccessfully, the indicator starts to work in the emergency mode (turns on for two seconds with an interval of one second).

2WD mode.
In 2WD mode, the '4WD' indicator is off.
When switching from 4WD mode to 2WD mode, the ‘4WD’ indicator starts flashing. The electric clutch actuator switches to 2WD mode, after which the ‘4WD’ indicator goes out.
Note: if the actuator could not switch to 2WD mode from 4WD mode the first time, then after 2.5 seconds. the controller restarts the clutch actuator. The indicator blinks at the same time. If the repeated attempt to switch again ends unsuccessfully, the indicator starts to work in the emergency mode (turns on for two seconds with an interval of one second).

The transfer case shift lever can be set to any of four positions. The transfer case lever positions and their corresponding driving conditions are shown in the table below.

Correct use of four-wheel drive

After turning on the all-wheel drive mode (4H, 4L), the front and rear axles of the car are connected and are driving at the same time. This achieves an optimum 50:50 drive force distribution. But this requires more effort when turning and turning the machine.
When using front-wheel drive in difficult conditions (driving on snow and ice, clay or sand), it is very important to drive correctly and carefully.

ATTENTION
It is forbidden to use the four-wheel drive mode on paved roads. This leads to the destruction of vehicle transmission elements, premature tire wear, increased fuel consumption and vehicle noise levels. and also to seizure of drive parts and other malfunctions.

Electric clutch control.

4WD mode.
When 4WD is activated, the ‘4WD’ indicator comes on.
When switching from 2WD mode to 4WD mode, the ‘4WD’ indicator starts flashing. The electric clutch actuator enters 4WD mode, after which the '4WD' indicator lights up continuously.
Note: if the actuator could not switch to all-wheel drive mode from 2WD mode the first time, then after 2.5 seconds. the controller restarts the clutch actuator. The indicator blinks at the same time. If the repeated attempt to switch again ends unsuccessfully, the indicator starts to work in the emergency mode (turns on for two seconds with an interval of one second).

2WD mode.
In 2WD mode, the '4WD' indicator is off.
When switching from 4WD mode to 2WD mode, the ‘4WD’ indicator starts flashing. The electric clutch actuator switches to 2WD mode, after which the ‘4WD’ indicator goes out.
Note: if the actuator could not switch to 2WD mode from 4WD mode the first time, then after 2.5 seconds. the controller restarts the clutch actuator. The indicator blinks at the same time. If the repeated attempt to switch again ends unsuccessfully, the indicator starts to work in the emergency mode (turns on for two seconds with an interval of one second).

From the history of the model

ON THE CONVEYOR: since 2005.

BODY: station wagon.

ENGINES: petrol - P4, 2.0 l, 122 hp; 2.4 l, 130 and 136 hp; diesel - P4, 2.0 l, 150 hp; 2.8 L, 95 HP

GEARBOXES: M5, A5.

DRIVE: rear, full.

RESTYLING:

2010 - bumpers, radiator grill and lighting equipment were changed; redesigned interior; transfer case control became electronic;

2011 - the front part was completely changed: bumper, fenders, lighting equipment and radiator grill; redesigned rear: bumper and trunk lid; appeared "machine".

CRASH TESTS:

2007, Hover H2, C-NCAP method: overall score - three stars, frontal impact - 10 points (63%), frontal impact with 40% overlap - 12 points (77%), side impact - 15 points ( 92%);

2010, "Hover N3", Dmitrovsky polygon, Euro NCAP methodology: overall rating - four stars, 11.7 points out of 16 possible (73%);

2011, "Hover N5", Dmitrovsky proving ground, Russian methodology - the Chinese off-road vehicle meets all safety requirements in force on the territory of the Russian Federation.

TWINS

The Chinese have mastered the cloning technology quite well, and in the case of the Hover, no gene mutations have occurred. The twin of the Japanese "Isuzu-Axiom" turned out to be quite nice and solid. Initially, the car was made only in China, but already in April 2010, the assembly was established in Gzhel near Moscow. The Russian VIN is located under the hood, on the engine shield on the left, the Chinese one is stamped on the frame, behind the rear right wheel, when registering it is entered simply as the frame number. Our build, unfortunately, does not differ for the better. The body parts are poorly fitted, and already in the service it is necessary to finish the car, eliminating unacceptably large gaps. There have been cases when, due to careless assembly in the cabin, leaks appeared along the openings of the rear doors and the trunk lid.

The Hover's body paint is not famous for its high quality, but it also has no serious flaws. The biggest problem was the appearance of rust under the cover of the fifth door due to the poor design of the latter. But it was changed already at the first restyling. The metal of the body is not galvanized, but with proper care it at least holds up.

THE QUIETER YOU GO, THE FURTHER YOU'LL GET

Gasoline engines are borrowed from Mitsubishi and can be found on Pajero and Outlander. The first Hovers H2 even retained the symbols of the Japanese manufacturer under the hood. All motors are reliable and maintainable. However, when adjusted to modern toxicity standards, they lost their dynamics. Although the Japanese, under the same restrictions, remove much more from their engines.

A strange thing, during the first modernization ("Hover N3"), the 2.4 liter engine (4G64 with 130 hp), which frankly did not pull, was replaced with an even less powerful 2-liter (4G63, 122 hp). During the second work on the errors ("Hover H5"), the old displacement returned (4G69, 136 hp), but did not add enthusiasm. To help the owners, some services offer a flashing of the control unit. The service is efficient and highly demanded.

Contrary to the permission to use 92nd gasoline, it is recommended not to save and pour 95th - because of the tendency of the engine to detonate. Fuel consumption can be considered adequate to the engine displacement and the weight of the car. You shouldn't save on oil changes either. Since this year, the manufacturer has reduced the interval between maintenance to 8000 km, and this is quite justified, especially when operating the Hover off good roads. Most of the malfunctions are supplied by the motor equipment. Most often, the crankshaft sensor and lambda probes fail. In the first case, the problem is in the quality of the unit, and in the second, half the battle is in our gasoline. Sometimes there is a malfunction of the idle speed regulator, otherwise there are no more defects than those of well-known manufacturers.

There are no complaints about diesel engines. A very rare atmospheric volume of 2.8 liters migrated from the Axiom and is found only on pre-styling H2 models. The supercharged 2-liter diesel is already a joint German-Chinese development, but it became available only on the H5. With its high reliability, the new diesel, unfortunately, is no less lazy than the petrol brothers. A significant turbo lag is released only after 2000 rpm, which is extremely uncharacteristic for diesel engines. But here, too, a flashing will come to the rescue.

DOSED LOAD

The manual transmission is quite reliable. She suffers mainly due to unprofessional tuning. When installing additional protection, its airflow is disrupted, causing overheating, from which the bearings primarily suffer. The same is observed if the oil change intervals are not followed. Fortunately, the box is structurally simple and maintainable.

The clutch is not renowned for its high reliability. The average lifespan is about 80,000 km, and that is greatly reduced when driving off-road. You will find reinforced analogues on the spare parts market. They will last longer, but the switches will become more rigid. At one time on the H5 there was a defect in the clutch basket, which is why the gears turned on poorly on a warmed-up car. On some Hovers, the clanging of the release bearing could be heard. For reasons unclear until the end, his body touched the petals of the basket. The defect is treated by replacing the assembly with a selective selection of parts. There is a slight adjustment of the pedal travel, but contrary to rumors, this operation does not significantly affect the life of the linings.

Aisin automatic transmission is only available on the H5 with a diesel engine. There are no problems with it.

FULL FORWARD

The transfer case control lever on H2, when switching to the H3 model, gave way to a button (it is also found on the transitional H2).

On all Hovers, the front axle is engaged through an electronic clutch that controls the connection of the left wheel shaft to the front differential output shaft. With the clutch disengaged, free rotation of the front right wheel causes free rotation of the differential, as a result of which other transmission elements do not rotate.

The all-wheel drive activation sensor most often becomes the culprit of malfunctions - the impossibility of connecting or spontaneous blocking of the clutch.

The mechanical part of the all-wheel drive does not cause problems. Servicing the transfer case is reduced to a timely oil change. The bridges are reliable and designed for increased loads. The main thing here is to comply with the service regulations. There was a period when there was a factory marriage of the internal anthers of the CV joints. For no apparent reason, holes appeared into which the grease was squeezed out. Timely replacement of covers helped.

There are spare parts on the market for fine-tuning the model: other main pairs, differentials with locking. Some services offer to raise the body. But even without fine-tuning, the off-road capabilities of the Hover meet the expectations of most owners.

DISAPPEARING APPEARANCE

The Hover boasts a frame structure and reliable suspension. The only reason for criticism is the rear shock absorbers on the restyled H3 and H5. Owners complain about their excessive rigidity, which causes the rear of the car to bounce on bumps. But you can choose softer analogs. The silent blocks of the front upper levers travel 80,000 km, and the lower ones - about 100,000. Balls serve about 60,000 km and usually die in pairs. Rear suspension silent blocks live approximately 100,000 km.

The braking system is poorly calculated. Due to the heavy weight of the car, the pads wear out very quickly: the front ones take 20,000 km, and the rear ones take 35,000 km. At the same time, the front brake discs are enough for 80,000 km, and the rear ones are rarely changed at all. With heavy use, the brakes sour already by 20,000 km. It is worth doing their prevention every time you change the pads. Steering malfunctions are found mainly on pre-styling H2. By about the age of five, the power steering pump may fail. The lower steering cardan connecting the bevel gear and the rack is also weak. On the H3, this design was abandoned. Rails rarely break, and tie rods and tips are changed separately.

WEATHER IN THE HOUSE

At first, the salon almost completely migrated from the Axiom. But during the modernization on the N3, they introduced their own version. Although sometimes there are transitional H3s with an old interior. Internal electrical equipment has a separate control unit. Because of his freelance work, the electrician sometimes went crazy. Under the recall campaign, this block was reflashed.

The disadvantage of the air conditioning system was the lack of a cabin filter (until this year) and the location of the lower pipe of the refrigerant line, which suffers from reagents. The radiator of the stove requires attention - it sometimes flows on old H2.

The rain sensor can cause damage to the wipers. In winter, when the wiper blades stick to the glass, it cuts off the splines on the leashes due to its operation. Plastic bushings often break in the mechanism; to replace them, you will have to completely disassemble the trapezoid.