Adjusting the carburetor GAZ 53 do it yourself. Features of K126 carburetors - device, setup and adjustment. Construction Machines and Equipment, Directory

the main / miscellanea

The main functions of the carburetor in the car is the preparation and dosage of the combustible mixture. On the ZMZ-53 engines, the carburetor K 135 is installed on cars. The process involves a uniform distribution of the combustible mixture along the cylinders of the vehicle power unit.

The gas-53 carburetor device consists of several parts. Fuel consumption is controlled by independent combustible mixture adjustment systems. Characteristics of the carburetor GAZ 53 has a two-chamber drive, for the synchronous propagation of the combustible mixture. The modification and the carburetor device K 135 is equipped with a balanced type float chamber, it makes it possible to open the flaps at the same time.

K-135 carburetor circuit and rotational speed limiter sensor: 1 - accelerating pump: 2 - Float Camera Cover; 3 - air jaw the main system; 4 - small diffuser; 5 - idle fuel jaw; 6 - air damper; 7 - accelerator pump sprayer; 8 - Calibrated Economizer Sprayer; 9 - discharge valve; 10 - air jet of idle; 11 - fuel supply valve; 12- Mesh filter; 13 - float; 14 - sensor valve; 15 - spring; 16 - sensor rotor; 17 - Adjusting Ving; 18 - viewing window; 19 - plug; 20 - diaphragm; 21 - Spring of the limiter; 22 - axis of throttle dampers; 23 - vacuum jibrier limiter; 24 - gasket; 25 - air jet limit; 26 - Cuff; 27 - the main jib; 28 - emulsion tube; 29 - throttle; 30 - an adjusting idle screw; 31 - the housing of mixing chambers; 32 - bearings; 33 - throttle drive lever; 34 - check valve of the accelerator pump; 35 - Float Camera Housing; 36 - Economizer valve.

Due to the improvement of the intake, it was possible to achieve a more homogeneous working mixture. The new head of the cylinder block, in a pair with a collector, with high-quality adjustment accompanies to reduce toxicity. The carburetor K 135 is equipped with screw walls of the channels, with an enlarged compression, allows you to save up to 7% fuel.

Main dosing system

Uniform, the constant composition of the working, fuel mixture provides the main dosing system. The characteristics imply installation on each chamber of fuel and air jaws, the carburetor GAZ 53 in the composition of the dosing system there is a sprayer of air. The constant composition of the mixture provides steady operation on the average vehicles of the car.

Parameters of the dosing elements of the K-135 carburetor

Parameters	Modifications of carburetors
Diameter of large diffuser, mm	27
Diameter of mixing chambers, mm	34
Main fuel jets, cm³ / min	310
Main air jets, mm, cm³ / min	125
Fuel jets of idle, mm, cm³ / min	90
	90
Air jets of idle, mm, cm³ / min	600
	600
Sprayer, mm.	00,75
Accelerator pump sprayer, mm	00,6
Membrane Camera Jetgers: Air CM³ / min, Vacuum cm³ / min	60 250

System of idle

Stable and uniform speeds at idle on the carburetor gas are achieved by the throttle position. The fuel mixture comes to the working part when around the GDS, the damper for unhindered access to the cylinders should be opened in the correct position.

Scheme of the idle system to 135: 1 - a float chamber with a float mechanism; 2 -Fuel fuel jackler; 3 -emulsion well with an emulsion tube; 4 - Quality screw; 5 - transition hole; 6 - fuel supply valve to opening system holes; 7 - air jet of idle; 8 air gibber cork; 9 - idling fuel jaw; 10 - inlet air nozzle.

The carburetor device K 135 provides an adjustment of the XX system. The setting directly affects fuel consumption, the quality screws and the amount of the mixture parameters are adjusted.

Float camera

The elements of the float chamber are:

Locking mechanism, a needle with a membrane, installed in the valve seat;
Float, regulating the amount of fuel mixture in the chamber.

Scheme of fuel leveling in the carburetor float chamber to 135: 1 - fitting; 2 - rubber tube; 3 - glass tube.

The main purpose of the carburetor float chamber to 135 is support for the fuel level for stable car operation. The camera is installed in the main carburetor body.

Economizer

An economizer is responsible for the implementation of the full power of the engine. The composition of the device includes a valve that supplies fuel through channels bypassing the GDS.

The carburetor GAZ 53 is designed to comply with the norms of toxicity, with stable loads, access to the combustion chamber is blocked by the access of unnecessary fuel.

Acpercerative pump

Diagram of the screech pump of the carburetor: 1 - rod; 2 - Planck; 3 - well; 4 - spring; 5 - piston; 6 - check valve; 7 - traction; 8 - lever; 9 - throttle; 10-discharge valve; 11 - Sprayer.

When the accelerator is pressed to the stop in motion, the accelerator pump is taken into account, built into the model carburetor to 135. The fuel supply of K135MU is due to the piston in the cylindrical channel, which begins to enrich the mixture. The device is made with a sprayer of the mixture, due to this, the car dials the speed smoothly, without jerks.

Restricter number of revolutions

The operation of the system is performed on pneumatics, the diaphragm movement occurs due to the discharge, turning the axis of throttle valves. The mechanically associated with the limiter, the carburetor system GAZ 53 does not allow the throttle opening completely. The number of engine speed is adjusted by choke.

Starting system

The launch of the cooled motor is made by the start system. The process occurs as follows:

A suspension lever attached to the car's salon is drawn up for the desired distance;
The levers system opens the throttle of the drive of the air damper, thereby overlapping the air.

The launch is made due to the enrichment of the mixture, the fuel supply control. The characteristics of the device K135 are carried out in such a way that the engine of the car does not stall. The air damper has a valve, under the action of the discharge of which, air access opens, in order to avoid the too enriched mixture.

Fault carburetor

Not compliance with the conditions of the frequency of maintenance of the car can lead to breakdowns. Fuel faults with a carburetor device GAZ 53, stops normal operation at different reasons and conditions. When the node malfunction is detected, it is necessary to determine which unit gives failures when working. Moments occur when the breakdowns are not correctly operating the ignition system. Before repair, you need to check the ignition system for the presence of spark. The carburetor to 135 should be opened only in cases if the fuel feed system is checked. Fuel supply can be difficult to clog the fuel of the wire or hoses.

The main malfunctions in the operation of the carburetor GAZ 53 may be enrichment or relent in the mixture. Both factors may be due to improper adjustment to K135MU, lack of tightness in the system or clogging of the fuel supply system.

Highlights:

High fuel consumption, unstable work at idle;
Failures during acceleration or increased loads, a consequence of jamming the accelerating pump drive piston;
Clogging of jets. It occurs during an aggressive operation, faulty filters;
The depressurization of the housing of the Float Camera K135 leads to the dining of the mixture when the intensity works in the DVS on certain modes;
Overflow of fuel into the combustion chamber due to faults, the needle of the float system leads to a difficult launch of the car.

Flushing and purging of air flow systems, units are performed when identifying one of the causes of unstable work, as well as the quality of prevention. Usually repairing the carburetor GAZ 53 is recommended to trust the specialists, they are equipped with a necessary tool, skills for quality work. Adjust the nozzard groove with your own hands, you can remove the air filter.

Proper idle adjustment is made on a good engine. Typically, the procedure is made after prevention to exclude other possible causes of unstable work.

View of the carburetor without a lid: 1 stock of the economyzer; 2 Planck Drive Echonomyzer and Accelerator; 3 - the piston of the accelerator; 4 - main air jets; 5 is a trapping accelerator pump; 6 - Quality screws; 7 - Screw "Quantity"

The process and diagram of adjusting XX on 53 carburetor represents the following principle of operation:

The cooling screws of the cold engine are tightened until it stops, after unscrewed by 3 full turns. Customize carb is possible by a slotted screwdriver;
Warm the engine to operating temperature;
The number of revolutions K135MA is regulated by a screw screw, as the car is not equipped with a tachometer. The turnover must be kept between high and low, inadmissible to protrases and twigs;
The quality screw K135 is spinning before the start of the engine interruptions, it is necessary to adjust to adjust the groove with their own hands before reaching normal, stable operation.
Adjusting the amount is performed on both chambers, parallel to each other;
In cases where the car stalls when the gas is discharged, it is possible to raise working turns.

Repair of the carburetor GAZ 53 is performed with substantial damage to nodes or detected pollution. Flushing is made on demand, too frequent procedure may forget the fuel feed channels, output the instruments. The most common method is to clean the float chamber. The deposits are removed only by the upper layer, since the accurate dirt can get into the inlet of the channels and disrupt the operation of all systems. The causes of Nagar and deposits are low-quality or old fuel filters. Carburetor GAZ 53 during washing, it is worth replacing all fuel and air purification filter.

During the disassembly, it is necessary to check the status of all elements of the system. We will repair jetters, dampers and an accelerator pump that have thin channels when clogged, affect the operation of the engine.

Maintenance and possible adjustment of the carburetor GAZ 3307, installed on the car Gazelle, does not require full removal from the engine. The plant provided that the removal of the air filter makes it possible to schedule status checking, idling adjustment. With full cleaning and replacing nodes, a node is removed from the engine. Proper technical operation, replacing filters make the need to fully repair the minimum. It is enough to produce prophylaxis as dirty in the form of flushing the K-135 carburetor.

Flushing is performed using a fuel liquid. There are special means, the principle of operation of which allows air pressure to deliver liquid into hard-to-reach places, grooves. Outdoor washing is made to the tassel until the sediment is completely removed, dirt. It should be used to wash internal parts with caution, since there is a possibility to break the seals or clog the channels of mud.

Cars with carburetor engines gradually go into the past, and such cars are becoming less and less, but since there are still many such cars on the roads of Russia, spare parts for them are regular demand. The K126 carburetor is also not forgotten by motorists, it is a two-chamber device that provides a high-quality fuel-air mixture in the necessary proportion, is distinguished by high reliability and unpretentiousness, and with proper care it serves a long time.

Under the K126 brand in the Russian industry, several different modifications were produced, such as K126B, K126B, K126I, K126N, K126G, K126GM. The carburetors of this brand can be installed on the Volga cars. GAZ-24, GAZ-21, IL, Moskvich, GAZ-53 and GAZ-3307 trucks, buses grooves, SUVs UAZ of different models. The carburetor node (KU) cannot be called too simple, but many car owners disassembly, assembling, cleaning and adjusting this unit produce their own hands.

K126 carburetor device

The 126th series carburetor is a fuel / air mixer with a falling flow, equipped with all systems for economical and efficient operation in any operating conditions. Ku has the following systems:

the main dosing, working constantly with all operational modes;
idling, allowing the engine to work stably on the smallest turns without consuming a lot of fuel;
starting, this system makes it possible to run a motor at low temperatures;
economizer enriches a gasoline mixture at elevated loads;
the accelerator pump, due to it, the smoothness of the KBO speed set is ensured with a sharp press on the accelerator pedal (gas);
float chamber, which supports a constant level of fuel.

The "126th" housing consists of three parts: at the bottom there is an axis with throttle valves, in the middle (main) part - a float chamber with diffusers and the main mass of jets, the upper element is a fastener cover for installing the air filter.

The K126 carburetor device for cargo and passenger cars is somewhat different: ku for trucks The throttle drive opens both dampers at once, for the passenger cars, the second (led) throttle is driven only in high speed mode with high load. Also, for trucks, an additional device is provided - speed limit, air dampers are installed on both chambers (for passenger cars "Air" is present only on the primary chamber). Removing and installing a node on any car does not cause complications, and almost any driver (car owner) can replace it without special skills and plumbing experience.

Adjusting carburetors K126.

The main adjustment works that are manufactured with the 126th model are:

setting idle;
installing the fuel level in the float chamber;
debugging a starting mechanism (with the "cold" launch);
adjustment of the stroke of the accelerator pump

Immediately, I would like to note that different modifications of the "one hundred and twenty six" are constructively somewhat different, therefore adjustment of the K126 carburetor for a specific car brand can have its own specifics.

Consider for an example, debugging idle (XX) on gas-53 trucks with an 8-cylinder engine. Since this car, each of the two cameras is responsible for the operation of four cylinders, for its cylinder group, the adjustment is made separately. We carry out the adjustment works of the XX as follows:

warming up the motor to the working condition;
we install the number of the required speed of idling for rumor;
unscrew the quality screws for the left and right group of cylinders about 3 turns each;
we twist alternately screws until the engine starts to "be started" and giving failures, then gradually turn them until the work of the engine does not stabilize.

After such a setting, check the engine operation on the go: if the machine stalls at the time of the gas reset, you should slightly add revolutions by screwing the screw screw.

K126 carburetor: jackets, species and selection

Although all versions of the 12th series are outwardly similar to each other, they have differences depending on the car model, also vary by modifications due to the year of issue. So, for example, he was initially produced with an observation window, in the future the average building began to be made monolithically, without the possibility to see how much gasoline is present in the float chamber. For each model "126" from the plant, fuel and air jets of a certain section are installed, but there are still remklects that allow you to adjust the parameters for a specific engine volume. Also in the auto shops you can always purchase all the details separately, and not just a set, and here we will look at what is for k126 jackets: species and methods of their selection.

Among the dosing elements that can be replaced and adjust the parameters of the flow of fuel and air mixture, it is worth noting:

large / small diffusers for both cameras;
gDS jets (main dosing system);
economizer and accelerator pump sprayers;
butterian jets.

Not all of the car owners are arranged by the factory parameters of carburetors, the main reasons for those arising claims to this node:

sluggish acceleration of the car;
dips with sharp acceleration;
increased fuel consumption.

To somehow change the situation for the better, many drivers try to install larger fuel jets, and the air is smaller, use diffusers of increased diameter. Specific advice that is better for a particular modification of K126, it is difficult to produce, since in each case an individual approach is necessary, fitting parts with the subsequent test of the car on the track. Interesting information can always be found in various forums, and in the network to find tables with the parameters of dosing elements for many modifications "126-x".

You should not forget about one very important point: The installation of fuel oils with an increased cross section inevitably leads to enrichment of the fuel mixture, air to the depletion, so such parts usually changed pair. Replacing a small diffuser of the primary chamber in carburetors of passenger cars to a more productive often gives a positive effect (increasing the speakers, more stable engine operation), but not always on sale you can find these elements of a suitable size. In such cases, folk craftsmen saw, joking parts of the national diffuser, drive it around the place.

Fuel level in K126 carburetor

At the 126th models of the old sample, the housing of the float chamber was equipped with a viewing window, according to which it was very easy to determine the level of gasoline (visual - filling with gasoline by 2/3).

The carburetor nodes of the new sample of this window do not have, and since the fuel level mark in the K126 carburetor is located outside the housing, and the fuel is inside the chamber, to make sure whether the float mechanism is adjusted correctly, without dismantling the top cover is almost impossible. But there is a fairly simple way to determine the level without disassembling the carburetor, and it is not necessary to take off the node.

Consider how it is possible to find out the gasoline level on the example of the model K135 (a complete analog of K126, which is installed on the cargo auto GAZ-53/3307/66):

If the level is greater or less than the norm, it must be changed. To do this, dismantle the air filter assembly with the housing, unscrew the screws and remove the carburetor cover, adjust the tramp tongue in the desired side and check again how much fuel is available in the chamber, if necessary, repeat the operation.

Setting up the K126 carburetor, tuning

Models of the 126th series are characterized by sufficiently high reliability and unpretentiousness, but they have their own typical "diseases", often require refinement (tuning). One of the main problems of this type is high "vugby", if you do nothing with the carburetor, it can consume a lot of fuel, also frequent failures when setting the velocity of the car, jamming the dampers when the gas pedal is pressed.

One of the settings of the K126 carburetor is the finalization of the throttle block, the accelerator pedal is concealed due to the inaccuracies of processing in the connection of the primary and secondary chamber (relevant for passenger cars). In order for the thrust not jammed, burrs and irregularities are removed at the place of their connection, and then the flaps begin to rotate smoothly, without any jerks.

Other modifications used for the "126-x" - replacement of the pump-accelerator cuff, which is taken from Remkomplekt for the Japanese carburetor of this type, idling needle (quality screw) is replaced by Weber. The imported cuff is more tightly adjacent to the walls of the accelerator pump cylinder, thereby providing high injection performance, and the replaced needle of the XX to import allows you to perform more accurate setting of minimum turnover of DVS.

Japanese gas production, suitable in size and parameters, are beneficial to the domestic parts of the high precision manufacturer, and the imported needles of the shut-off valve guarantee a stable fuel level in the float chamber, protecting from transfusion, sticking and other troubles (suitable from some Mercedes models). If there is a significant air seats, the upper and lower surfaces of the main body are processed (polished).

Modifications of carburetors K126.

The carburetors of the 126th series are already produced by one decade, the first models were manufactured at the Leningrad Plant (Lencarz), renamed in the future in the Bakeard. On GAZ-53 and GAZ-66 trucks, they began to be used, starting from 1964 (K126B), in 1977 GAZ-52-03 equipped with a model K126I, the "Lawnik" 52-04 was completed with K126E. The K126D version was also developed for the "lawns" and buses of the groove, later cargo cars became equipped with a K135 carburetor, which is essentially an analogue of the "one hundred and twenty-sixth".

Modification K126P was intended for four-cylinder engines MSMA, was used on Moskvich-408 vehicles, the beginning of the release was 1965. The modification of K126N was already used already at Muscovites-412, for the Volga 24 and 24-10 were intended to be 126g and K126GM (upgraded version of "G"), and for cars with gas equipment - K126C. The model used by the staff on the UAZ is the version of K126GU (DV. UMP-417), often the owners of "UAZ" put "Volgovsky" carburetor "G" or "GM".

In fact, many options for "126-x" are interchangeable, differ in the main part of the housing ("sole"), the top cover (different mounting under the air filter body). Of course, each of the carburetor nodes is equipped with its gibeles, but they can be easily changed. The only thing that cannot be done is to install a carburetor from a truck on a passenger car, as well as in reverse order, there are already significant differences here.

GAZ-53 carburetor adjustment

The carburetor GAZ 53 has a two-chamber system, each of them works on 4 cylinders. The throttle valve is equipped with a drive immediately on both chambers, so the fuel is dosed synchronously to all cylinders. For a rational fuel consumption at different modes of the engine in the carburetor, several systems are provided to regulate the composition of the fuel mixture (TC).

This looks like a gas-mounted 53 carburetor

The carburetor of the K-135 brand is installed on GAZ-53. The carburetor has a balanced float chamber. It is able to simultaneously open throttle valves.

The carburetor originally had a brand K126B, the subsequent modification of K135 (K135M). In principle, the models are almost no different, only the device control circuit has changed, and a convenient viewing window was removed from the float chamber on the last releases. Now see the level of gasoline has become impossible.

Device

K-135 is emulsed, with two cameras and a falling flow.

Two chambers are independent of each other, through them the fuel mixture is supplied to the cylinders through the inlet tube. One camera serves from the 1st to the 4th cylinder, and the other all the others.

The air damper is inside the float chamber, and is equipped with two automatic valves. The main systems that are used in the carburetor are valid on the principle of gasoline braking, except for the economizer.

In addition, each camera has its own idle system, the main dosing system and sprayers. Two carburizer cameras have a total of a cold engine start system, an accelerator pump, partially an economizer, which has one valve into two chambers, as well as the drive mechanism. Only, jets are installed on them located in the sprayer unit and related to the economyzer.

Each system of idling has in its composition fuel and air jets, and two holes in the mixing chamber. The bottom hole is installed screw with a rubber ring. The screw is designed to adjust the composition of the combustible mixture. And the rubber sealer does not give air to penetrate through the screw hole.

Air jet, in turn, performs the role of gasoline emulsation.

The idling system cannot provide the desired fuel consumption on all modes of engine operation, so in addition to it, the main dosing system is installed on the carburetor, which consists of diffusers: large and small, fuel and air jets and an emulsion tube.