Carburetors of mid-room trucks of the scheme, adjustment parameters and maintenance recommendations. Cars of medium-room trucks of the scheme, adjustment parameters and maintenance recommendations operating modes, perfect characteristic of the carburetor

The carburetor GAZ 53 has a two-chamber system, any of them works for 4 cylinders. The throttle valve is equipped with a drive that approached both chambers, because the fuel is dosed synchronously on all cylinders. For optimal fuel consumption at various motor modes in the carburetor, several systems are foreseen to regulate the composition of the fuel consistency (TC).

So looks placed on gas 53 carburetor

The carburetor first had a brand K126B, the next modification of K135 (K135M). The principle of the model is practically no different, only the device regulating the device was changed, and a comfortable viewing window was removed from the float chamber on the last releases. Now I see the level of gasoline has become unreal.

Device

K-135 is emulsified, with 2 cameras and a falling flow.

Two cameras are independent of each other, through which combustible consistency in cylinders through the inlet tube. One camera serves from the 1st to the 4th cylinder, and the other are all others.

The air damper is inside the float chamber, and armed with 2 automatic valves. The main systems that are used in the carburetor are operating on the principle of air braking of gasoline, not counting the economizer.

In 2 cameras carburetor The overall only system of launching a cool motor, an accelerator pump, partly an economizer, which has one valve for two cameras, also a drive mechanism. By alternately, jets are installed, located in the sprayer block, and related to the economyzer.

Read the same way

Any system idle move It has in its own composition fuel and air jets, and two holes in the mixing chamber. The bottom hole is installed screw with a rubber ring. The screw is designed to regulate the composition of the combustible consistency. Repair of the carburetor GAZ 53 implies in the first carburetor GAZ 53 adjustment. And the rubber seal does not give air to leak through the screw hole.

System idle move can not provide a suitable fuel consumption in all modes of the motor operation, because in addition to it, the main one is installed on the carburetor dosing system

the main dosing system

The basis of the carburetor is the main dosing system (Abbreviated GDS). It provides a constant composition of the vehicle and does not give her to eat or enriched on the average turnover of a gasoline engine (internal combustion engine). Each of the chambers in the system is installed according to one fuel and one air gibber.

System idle move

System idle move Created to ensure the dimension of the motor at idle traffic. Throttle valve carburetor There should always be a smallness of ajar, and the gasoline mixture at idle (XX) enters the intake tract bypassing the GDS. The position of the axis of the throttle is established screen screw, And properties screws (one for each chamber) allow you to enrich or drench the mixture on the XX. The consumption of a combustible car depends on the adjustment.

Float camera

The float chamber is located in the main body and maintains the level of gasoline in the carburetor, which is necessary for the usual operation of the motor power system. The main elements in it is a float and a locking mechanism consisting of a needle with a membrane and a valve seat.

Economizer

Video can be especially curious to all vehicles with carburetor K-135. GAZ-66. Adjusting idle gas 53 Repair repair, tuning and installation. And for others, like.

Trilogy Packing Poroshin, device to 135, client vs

What is carburetor To 135 and what to do with it. Along the way, about sending poroshin and about dissatisfied.

The economizer system enriches the vehicle on huge circulation of DVS with an increase in load. The economizer has a valve, which, with the highest opening of throttle, allows a portion of the additional fuel through the channels bypassing the GDS.

Acpercerative pump

In the K126 carburetor (K135), the accelerator is a piston with a cuff, which works in a cylindrical channel. At the moment of abruptly pressing the gas pedal (gas), the throttle drive, mechanically associated with the accelerator system, forces the piston to move rapidly through the channel.

Device scheme carburetor K126 with title all parts

Restricter number of revolutions

Read the same way

The system does not allow the exceeding the number of crankshaft revolutions due to the incomplete opening of the throttle. The operation is based on pneumatics, due to the diaphragm pneumatic valve, the device is moving, turning mechanically associated with the axis of the axis of throttle valve.

Starting system

The start-up system provides the size of the cooling motor. The system consists of pneumatic valves in air damper, and leverage systems that throttle and air damper bind. When pulling the supply cable, the air damper is locked, the thrust is pulled by the throttle and open it.

When the cooling motor 53 valve gas is launched in the air damper under the action of discharge, air is opened and added to the carburetor, without allowing the motor to stall on a very enriched consistency.

Fault carburetor

In the carburetor of the car, GAZ 53 may have many different defects, but they are all associated with the overestimated consumption of fuel in independence from whether it is enriched or the depleted mixture enters the cylinders. In addition to the overestimated fuel consumption, the following signs of defects are peculiar:

• There is a dark smoke from the exhaust pipe. It is especially noticeable with a sharp increase in the turnovers of the DVS. At the same time, shots can be heard into a silencer;

Carburetor repair For a gas truck 53

Repairs carburetor First of all, it implies washing and purging of all systems. For this, the carburetor is removed and disassembled to clean all the jets.

Adjustment

• idle move;

Only one adjustment produced without disassembly carburetor - This is the operation of the engine at idle. Such a procedure and perform most often, any driver can be performed. The remaining adjustments better entrust to the specialists, but often are craftsmen who make any settings with their own hands. To properly adjust the XX, the engine must be technically correct, all cylinders should work without interruptions.

Adjusting idling:

• screen screw
• screen screw

Buy K135 carburetor is not problems - it is sold in many auto shops. True, the price of a similar device is rather big - about 7000-8000 rubles. K126B Now in stores no longer meet, it has long been removed from production. But according to ads, they are sold often, and you can buy a practically new carburetor (2500-3000 rubles). Remkomplekt on the model K135 on average costs 250-300 rubles.

GAZ-53 carburetor adjustment

The carburetor GAZ 53 has a two-chamber system, each of them works on 4 cylinders. The throttle valve is equipped with a drive immediately on both chambers, so the fuel is dosed synchronously to all cylinders. For a rational fuel consumption at different modes of the engine in the carburetor, several systems are provided to regulate the composition of the fuel mixture (TC).

This looks like a gas-mounted 53 carburetor

The carburetor originally had a brand K126B, the subsequent modification of K135 (K135M). In principle, the models are almost no different, only the device control circuit has changed, and a convenient viewing window was removed from the float chamber on the last releases. Now see the level of gasoline has become impossible.

Device

K-135 is emulsed, with two cameras and a falling flow.

Two chambers are independent of each other, through them the fuel mixture is supplied to the cylinders through the inlet tube. One camera serves from the 1st to the 4th cylinder, and the other all the others.

The air damper is inside the float chamber, and is equipped with two automatic valves. The main systems that are used in the carburetor are valid on the principle of gasoline braking, except for the economizer.

In addition, each camera has its own idle system, the main dosing system and sprayers. Two carburizer cameras have a total of a cold engine start system, an accelerator pump, partially an economizer, which has one valve into two chambers, as well as the drive mechanism. Only, jets are installed on them located in the sprayer unit and related to the economyzer.

Each system of idling has in its composition fuel and air jets, and two holes in the mixing chamber. The bottom hole is installed screw with a rubber ring. The screw is designed to adjust the composition of the combustible mixture. And the rubber sealer does not give air to penetrate through the screw hole.

Air jet, in turn, performs the role of gasoline emulsation.

The idling system cannot provide the desired fuel consumption on all modes of engine operation, so in addition to it on the carburetor installed main dosing systemwhich consists of diffusers: large and small, fuel and air jets and an emulsion tube.

Main dosing system

The basis of the carburetor is the main dosing system (Abbreviated GDS). It provides the permanent composition of the vehicle and does not give it to disintegrate or enriched on the average turnover of the internal combustion engine (DVS). Each of the chambers in the system is installed according to one fuel and one air gibber.

System idle move

System idle move Created to ensure the stable operation of the motor at idle of DVS. The throttle damper of the carburetor should always be slightly ajected, and the gasoline mixture at idle (XX) enters the intake path bypassing the GDS. The position of the throttle axis is set by the amount of quantity, and the quality screws (one per each chamber) allow you to enrich or detect the mixture on the XX. Fuel consumption of the car depends on the adjustment.

Float camera

The float chamber is located in the main case and maintains the level of gasoline in the carburetor necessary for the normal operation of the engine power system. The main elements in it is a float and a locking mechanism consisting of a needle with a membrane and a valve seat.

Economizer

About the carburetor K-135 (overview of the possible harm of acetone)

Video can be especially interesting to all car owners with carburetor K-135. And for the rest, like.

GAZ-66. Adjusting idling. V-shaped engine.

Naila Poroshin will tell and tell once again that the process of searching the town on the XX is applicable for any carburetor.

The economizer system enriches the vehicle on large engine speeds with an increase in the load. The economizer has a valve, which, with a maximum opening of throttle, allows a portion of additional fuel through the channels bypassing the GDS.

Acpercerative pump

In the K126 carburetor (K135), the accelerator is a piston with a cuff, which works in a cylindrical channel. At the moment of abruptly pressing the accelerator pedal (gas), the throttle drive, mechanically associated with the accelerator system, causes the piston to quickly move around the channel.

Diagram of the device of the K126 carburetor with the name of all elements

Restricter number of revolutions

The system does not allow the exceeding the number of crankshaft revolutions due to the incomplete opening of the throttle. Work is based on pneumatics, due to the diaphragm in the pneumatic valve of the device moves, turning the mechanically associated with the axis of the axis of throttle valves.

Starting system

The start system ensures the stable operation of the cold engine. The system consists of pneumatic valves in air damper, and leverage systems that throttle and air damper bind. When pulling the support cable, the air damper closes, the thrust pulls the throttle and open it.

When starting a cold engine, the gas 53 valve gas in the air damper under the action of the discharge opens and air to the carburetor is added, without allowing the motor to stall on a too enriched mixture.

Fault carburetor

In the carburetor of the car GAZ 53 there may be many different faults, but they are all associated with increased fuel consumption in independence from whether the enriched or depleted mixture enters the cylinders. In addition to high fuel consumption, the following fault signs are characteristic:

• It goes black smoke from the exhaust pipe. It is especially noticeable with a sharp increase in the turnovers of the DVS. At the same time, shots can be heard into a silencer;
• The engine is unsustainably running at idle, can also stuck on the XX;
• The motor does not develop revolutions, it is chosen, cotton in the intake manifold go;
• With a sharp acceleration in the work of the engine, failure occurs;
• The sluggish acceleration of the car, but on large speed cars rides normally;
• Lack of power, the engine does not develop revolutions;
• Rods when moving, especially noticeable when the speed set.

Carburator repair for truck GAZ 53

The repair of the carburetor primarily implies washing and purging of all systems. For this, the carburetor is removed and disassembled to clean all the jets.

Adjustment

The K126B carburetor (also the K135 carburetor) has several adjustments:

• idle move;
• gasoline level in the float chamber;
• stroke piston pump-accelerator;
• the moment of inclusion of the economizer system.

Only one adjustment is made without disassembling the carburetor itself - this is the operation of the engine at idle. Such a procedure and perform most often, any driver can be performed. The remaining adjustments better entrust to the specialists, but often are craftsmen who make any settings with their own hands. To properly adjust the XX, the engine must be technically correct, all cylinders should work without interruptions.

Hope adjustment:

• on the plugged motor, wrap the quality screws of both chambers to the end, then each unscrew approximately 3 turns;
• start the engine and warm up to the working condition;
• screen screw set the number of twisted XX approximately 600. Tachometer in the car 53 gas is not, so the revs are installed on the rumor - they should not be too low or high;
• we twist one of the quality screws and the moment until interruptions in the work of the engine will appear, in the future we will assign a screw back to about one eighth turnout (to the steady operation of the motor);
• we also do with the second chamber;
• screen screw Install the desired number of revolutions;
• if necessary, we raise the quality with a screw, if the engine is discharged when the gas pedal is discharged.

Buy carburetor K135 is not problems - it is sold in many auto shops. True, the price of a similar device is rather big - about 7000-8000 rubles. K126B Now in stores no longer meet, it has long been removed from production. But according to ads, they are sold often, and you can buy a practically new carburetor (2500-3000 rubles). Remkomplekt on the model K135 on average costs 250-300 rubles.

The main functions of the carburetor in the car is the preparation and dosage of the combustible mixture. On the ZMZ-53 engines, the carburetor K 135 is installed on cars. The process involves a uniform distribution of the combustible mixture along the cylinders of the vehicle power unit.

The device and the purpose of the carburetor to 135

The gas-53 carburetor device consists of several parts. Fuel consumption is controlled by independent combustible mixture adjustment systems. Characteristics of the carburetor GAZ 53 has a two-chamber drive, for the synchronous propagation of the combustible mixture. The modification and the carburetor device K 135 is equipped with a balanced type float chamber, it makes it possible to open the flaps at the same time.

K-135 carburetor circuit and rotational speed limiter sensor: 1 - accelerating pump: 2 - Float Camera Cover; 3 - air jaw the main system; 4 - small diffuser; 5 - idle fuel jaw; 6 - air damper; 7 - accelerator pump sprayer; 8 - Calibrated Economizer Sprayer; 9 - discharge valve; 10 - air jet of idle; 11 - fuel supply valve; 12- Mesh filter; 13 - float; 14 - sensor valve; 15 - spring; 16 - sensor rotor; 17 - Adjusting Ving; 18 - viewing window; 19 - plug; 20 - diaphragm; 21 - Spring of the limiter; 22 - axis of throttle dampers; 23 - vacuum jibrier limiter; 24 - gasket; 25 - air jet limit; 26 - Cuff; 27 - the main jib; 28 - emulsion tube; 29 - throttle; 30 - an adjusting idle screw; 31 - the housing of mixing chambers; 32 - bearings; 33 - throttle drive lever; 34 - check valve of the accelerator pump; 35 - Float Camera Housing; 36 - Economizer valve.

Due to the improvement of the intake, it was possible to achieve a more homogeneous working mixture. The new head of the cylinder block, in a pair with a collector, with high-quality adjustment accompanies to reduce toxicity. The carburetor K 135 is equipped with screw walls of the channels, with an enlarged compression, allows you to save up to 7% fuel.

Main dosing system

Uniform, the constant composition of the working, fuel mixture provides the main dosing system. The characteristics imply installation on each chamber of fuel and air jaws, the carburetor GAZ 53 in the composition of the dosing system there is a sprayer of air. The constant composition of the mixture provides steady operation on the average vehicles of the car.

Parameters of the dosing elements of the K-135 carburetor

System of idle

Stable and uniform speeds at idle on the carburetor gas are achieved by the throttle position. The fuel mixture comes to the working part when around the GDS, the damper for unhindered access to the cylinders should be opened in the correct position.

Scheme of the idle system to 135: 1 - a float chamber with a float mechanism; 2 -Fuel fuel jackler; 3 -emulsion well with an emulsion tube; 4 - Quality screw; 5 - transition hole; 6 - fuel supply valve to opening system holes; 7 - air jet of idle; 8 air gibber cork; 9 - idling fuel jaw; 10 - inlet air nozzle.

The carburetor device K 135 provides an adjustment of the XX system. The setting directly affects fuel consumption, the quality screws and the amount of the mixture parameters are adjusted.

Float camera

The elements of the float chamber are:

• Locking mechanism, a needle with a membrane, installed in the valve seat;
• Float, regulating the amount of fuel mixture in the chamber.

Scheme of fuel leveling in the carburetor float chamber to 135: 1 - fitting; 2 - rubber tube; 3 - glass tube.

The main purpose of the carburetor float chamber to 135 is support for the fuel level for stable car operation. The camera is installed in the main carburetor body.

Economizer

An economizer is responsible for the implementation of the full power of the engine. The composition of the device includes a valve that supplies fuel through channels bypassing the GDS.

Economyer carburetor to 135

The carburetor GAZ 53 is designed to comply with the norms of toxicity, with stable loads, access to the combustion chamber is blocked by the access of unnecessary fuel.

Acpercerative pump

Diagram of the screech pump of the carburetor: 1 - rod; 2 - Planck; 3 - well; 4 - spring; 5 - piston; 6 - check valve; 7 - traction; 8 - lever; 9 - throttle; 10-discharge valve; 11 - Sprayer.

When the accelerator is pressed to the stop in motion, the accelerator pump is taken into account, built into the model carburetor to 135. The fuel supply of K135MU is due to the piston in the cylindrical channel, which begins to enrich the mixture. The device is made with a sprayer of the mixture, due to this, the car dials the speed smoothly, without jerks.

Restricter number of revolutions

The operation of the system is performed on pneumatics, the diaphragm movement occurs due to the discharge, turning the axis of throttle valves. The mechanically associated with the limiter, the carburetor system GAZ 53 does not allow the throttle opening completely. The number of engine speed is adjusted by choke.

Starting system

The launch of the cooled motor is made by the start system. The process occurs as follows:

• A suspension lever attached to the car's salon is drawn up for the desired distance;
• The levers system opens the throttle of the drive of the air damper, thereby overlapping the air.

The launch is made due to the enrichment of the mixture, the fuel supply control. The characteristics of the device K135 are carried out in such a way that the engine of the car does not stall. The air damper has a valve, under the action of the discharge of which, air access opens, in order to avoid the too enriched mixture.

Fault carburetor

Not compliance with the conditions of the frequency of maintenance of the car can lead to breakdowns. Fuel faults with a carburetor device GAZ 53, stops normal operation at different reasons and conditions. When the node malfunction is detected, it is necessary to determine which unit gives failures when working. Moments occur when the breakdowns are not correctly operating the ignition system. Before repair, you need to check the ignition system for the presence of spark. The carburetor to 135 should be opened only in cases if the fuel feed system is checked. Fuel supply can be difficult to clog the fuel of the wire or hoses.

The main malfunctions in the operation of the carburetor GAZ 53 may be enrichment or relent in the mixture. Both factors may be due to improper adjustment to K135MU, lack of tightness in the system or clogging of the fuel supply system.

• High fuel consumption, unstable work at idle;
• Failures during acceleration or increased loads, a consequence of jamming the accelerating pump drive piston;
• Clogging of jets. It occurs during an aggressive operation, faulty filters;
• The depressurization of the housing of the Float Camera K135 leads to the dining of the mixture when the intensity works in the DVS on certain modes;
• Overflow of fuel into the combustion chamber due to faults, the needle of the float system leads to a difficult launch of the car.

Flushing and purging of air flow systems, units are performed when identifying one of the causes of unstable work, as well as the quality of prevention. Usually repairing the carburetor GAZ 53 is recommended to trust the specialists, they are equipped with a necessary tool, skills for quality work. Adjust the nozzard groove with your own hands, you can remove the air filter.

Adjustment and repair

Without complete disassembly of the device, it is possible to adjust with your own hands only the level of idling. Fuel consumption depends directly from the rotation frequency of the crankshaft. The principle of operation represents the adjustment of the carburetor gas 53 quality screws and quantity.

There are several adjustments:

• Number of gasoline in the float chamber;
• Setting the operation of the economizer;
• Stroke of the accelerator pump;
• Number of revolutions, idle jib.

Proper idle adjustment is made on a good engine. Typically, the procedure is made after prevention to exclude other possible causes of unstable work.

The process and diagram of adjusting XX on 53 carburetor represents the following principle of operation:

• The cooling screws of the cold engine are tightened until it stops, after unscrewed by 3 full turns. Customize carb is possible by a slotted screwdriver;
• Warm the engine to operating temperature;
• The number of revolutions K135MA is regulated by a screw screw, as the car is not equipped with a tachometer. The turnover must be kept between high and low, inadmissible to protrases and twigs;
• The quality screw K135 is spinning before the start of the engine interruptions, it is necessary to adjust to adjust the groove with their own hands before reaching normal, stable operation.
• Adjusting the amount is performed on both chambers, parallel to each other;
• In cases where the car stalls when the gas is discharged, it is possible to raise working turns.

Repair of the carburetor GAZ 53 is performed with substantial damage to nodes or detected pollution. Flushing is made on demand, too frequent procedure may forget the fuel feed channels, output the instruments. The most common method is to clean the float chamber. The deposits are removed only by the upper layer, since the accurate dirt can get into the inlet of the channels and disrupt the operation of all systems. The causes of Nagar and deposits are low-quality or old fuel filters. Carburetor GAZ 53 during washing, it is worth replacing all fuel and air purification filter.

During the disassembly, it is necessary to check the status of all elements of the system. We will repair jetters, dampers and an accelerator pump that have thin channels when clogged, affect the operation of the engine.

Maintenance and possible adjustment of the carburetor GAZ 3307, installed on the car Gazelle, does not require full removal from the engine. The plant provided that the removal of the air filter makes it possible to schedule status checking, idling adjustment. With full cleaning and replacing nodes, a node is removed from the engine. Proper technical operation, replacing filters make the need to fully repair the minimum. It is enough to produce prophylaxis as dirty in the form of flushing the K-135 carburetor.

Flushing is performed using a fuel liquid. There are special means, the principle of operation of which allows air pressure to deliver liquid into hard-to-reach places, grooves. Outdoor washing is made to the tassel until the sediment is completely removed, dirt. It should be used to wash internal parts with caution, since there is a possibility to break the seals or clog the channels of mud.

A. Dmitrievsky, K.T.N.

We talked about carburetors of lightweight car trucks, gave them schemes, adjustment parameters and maintenance recommendations. Carburetor engines on medium-class trucks Many are believed to anachronism, but a huge amount of such equipment is still in operation.

Two-chamber Eight Cylinder Carburetrators ZIL (K-88, K-89, K-90) and Gas (K-135) and modifications (Fig. 1 and 2) have a number of fundamental differences from previously considered systems. The main ones are parallel discovery of throttle valves and the presence of a limiter number of crankshaft revolutions.

Each carburator camera feeds 4 cylinders. This circumstance determines the increased requirements for the accuracy of the adjustments necessary to ensure the same composition of the mixture in each group. The idling system supplies an emulsion stream into the zone into the zone where the air moves with low speeds and therefore, in contrast to the autonomous system of K-131 and K-151 carburetors, cannot provide good fuel spraying. Part of the fuel is in the form of a film along the walls of the inlet pipeline, which is why the composition of the mixture in different cididids varies greatly, and therefore the engine has increased emissions of CO and CH with exhaust gases.

To fulfill the norms according to CO (1.5%), it is necessary to drench the mixture that in some cylinders there is incomplete combustion and the emissions of CH are increasing. It is because of the eight-cylinder engines ZIL and a gas, permissible norms on CH had to increase increase with a minimum speed of up to 3000 parts per million to 1000 - with elevated.

Why do not on these carburetors do not apply an autonomous system of idling, providing the perfect spraying of fuel? Perhaps the speed limit of the number of revolutions that requires the installation of both throttle valves on the same axis. In mass production it is impossible to ensure a dense and uniform adjacent of the flaps to the walls of the air canal. In addition, at idle the axis of throttle flaps begged and, as a result, it was necessary to increase the gap between the axis and the jumper between the cameras. Air also passes air. As a result, with closed valves, the bulk of the air flows through them, and to organize the spraying of the fuel as the remaining part of the air fails. All this greatly complicates the setting of carburetors during operation.

Before adjusting the carburetors, check the ignition system: ignition advance angle, contact status and the angle of their closed state, the state of low- and high-voltage wiring, as well as the spark plugs. Then check the fuel level in the float chamber and the state of the needle valve. If it is violated its tightness, it is necessary to replace the sealing washer on the needle.

In carburetors with parallel discovery of throttle valves, the uniform distribution of the mixture over the cylinders is very important on the loading modes, since they define minimal operating costs. Therefore, it is necessary for them first to provide the same adjustment of both cameras. To do this, it is necessary to determine the bandwidth of fuel and air jaws of the main dosing system on a special pneumatic or liquid stand. With its absence, the diameter of its hole can be the diameter of its hole (see Table 1).

The gaps between the edges of the throttle valves and the walls of the mixing chamber should be the same. If this is not, it follows, having weakening the throttle valves to the axis for about one turn, unscrew the thrust screw ("screw the number"), close the flaps until the mixing chamber is stopped into the walls, then tighten the mounting screws. As a result, the deposition of dampers will occur.

Good acceleration dynamics is provided by the accelerator pump. At the same time, not only its productivity is important, but also uniform fuel supply to each of the chambers. To check this parameter, the carburetor is installed on the stand with the holes so that under each mixing chamber is located a menu. Next, 10 cycles are produced: a sharp discovery of throttle valves until it stops, and after stopping the fuel supply, their slow closure to fill the cavity under the plunger. The measurement results of the performance of the accelerator pump are compared with the table data. With a big difference in the amount of fuel injected between the chambers, you should clean the holes of the sprayers, and if it is not enough, then clarify their passage cross sections with a scan.

Check and adjusting the system of idle on CO and CH should start from high speed N pov. With excessive concentration of CO (more than 2%), first of all should be cleared the air jets of the main dosing system and the idle system. If it does not help, you need to or reduce fuel, or increase single air jets (see Fig. 1). Considering that fuel jackets and so have very small passages in order to avoid clogging in K-88 carburetors, K-89, K-90 and their modifications, it is preferable to increase the throughput capacity of idling air jets by 10-15%. After that, the inspection concentration of CO and CH n pov repeat. If necessary, additionally increase air jets.

And only achieving the implementation of the norms on CO and CH n pov Start adjustment with the minimum rotation frequency of the crankshaft at idle. The rotation of the "quality screw" one of the chambers are achieved by the minimum concentration of CH. Then the "quality screw" of the second chamber is again achieved by the minimum concentration of CH. After that, check the concentration of CO. As a rule, it slightly exceeds the permissible (1.5%). In this case, it follows, by consistently turning the quality screws to the same angle, achieve reduction from to normal. At the same time, for octali cylinder engines, ZIL and gas concentration of CH usually slightly increases. Therefore, after adjusting the CO, it is necessary to check the CH concentration, which should not exceed 3000 parts per million.

The reason for the increased concentration of CH may be the wear of the engine and, accordingly, the high incar of oil.

K-90 carburetors are equipped with economizers of forced idling (EPHX). In contrast to the EPHX valves of the K-131 and K-151 carburetors considered, overlapping the fuel-air mixture when braking the engine, the electromagnetic valve is used in the K-90 carburetors, overlapping the fuel emulsion to the channel in front of the transition system, and therefore its passage cross sections are significantly less .

The valve connection diagram also has fundamental differences from the previously discovered carburetors: on the PCH mode, the control unit turns on the EPHH valve winding to the electrocups and the valve overlaps the emulsion supply. Instead of the microswitch, the carburetor has a contact plate on the lower flange and contact on the throttle lever. Thanks to such a design, with any violations in the control system of the valve EPHX (circuit break, the contact oxidation system, etc.), the engine at idle continues to work, and the driver does not notice the malfunction, since fuel consumption increases only 2-4%, and on the highway Practically does not change.

The EPHX valve begins to work only after heating the engine cooling system over 60 ° C. On over 1000 rpm mode, the electronic unit includes an EPHX valve power supply circuit. However, if the throttle valves are open, the contacts on the stubborn screw are open, the power supply is disabled and the EPHH valve remains open. With a speed of over 1000 rpm, when the driver releases the gas pedal, the electromagnetic valves overlap the emulsion flow through the idle system. When the speed of rotation is reduced to 1000 rpm, the control unit turns off the power circuit, the valves open, and the engine begins to work on idle mode.

Verification of the EPHX system can be performed on a heated engine using a 12 volt lamp with a power of not more than 3 W connected instead of the valve. With increasing speed (over 1500 rpm), the lamp should be lit. If the lamp does not burn, you should make sure that the wiring is not violated and clean the contacts on the carburetor and the sensors. After the sharp closure of throttle valves and reduce the speed of rotation less than 1000 rpm lamp should go out. The valve operation is also checked by characteristic clips when they are landing during a sharp closure of throttle dampers after work with an increased speed of rotation (2000-2500 rpm). Separately, the tightness of the landing of each of the valves is checked, for which they need to be turned and connect to the 12 volt to the network. The valve dresses the hose in which air or water is supplied under low pressure (for example rubber pear).

Timely and competent carburetors care allows not only to avoid a problem with the environmental police, but also to significantly reduce operating costs.

However, the carburetor is not the only perpetrator of the overpowering of fuel and the increased content of CO and CH in the exhaust gases. The state of the engine power supply system is of great importance.

In ZIL-431410 cars, ZIL-130K and ZIL-131M air to the air filter is served via the channel located in the engine hood amplifier. This allows you to increase engine power indicators due to the feeding of a colder than in the rotor space, air. In addition, the outer air is usually cleaner, which reduces the filter clogging, increases the engine resource, contributes to the stabilization of its environmental and energy indicators. At the same time, it is necessary to monitor the presence of a plug in the additional holes of the channel to prevent air from entering space

Currently, three types of air filters are mainly applied: oil-inertial, dry with porous interchangeable element and dry inertial (cyclones).

The advantage of oil-inertial filters is the possibility of their long-term use without replacing the filter element. When clogged, the resistance changes slightly. The main disadvantage is a relatively low degree of air purification: 95-97% with minimal and 98.5-99% with maximum air flow.

The best air purification is provided by porous material (paper, cardboard or synthetic). Cleaning efficiency reaches 99.5%. The disadvantage of such filters is a smaller dust and a noticeable increase in resistance when clogged. Therefore, more often have to check the degree of their clogging and replacing or clean the filter element in a timely manner.

Connect the connection between the car mileage and the increase in the resistance of the air filter is quite difficult. When driving in the city, on asphalt highway, in winter conditions, the allowable mileage often exceeds 15 thousand kilometers. At the same time, several tens of kilometers in conditions of severe dusting can bring the filter resistance to the limit.

The increase in resistance leads to a deterioration in the filling of the engine cylinders, disruption of the carburetor adjustments, increasing the emission of CO and CH. For large loads and resistance of the filter 5 kPa (about 40 mm Hg), the reduction of maximum power reaches 5-8%, and the maximum torque is up to 3-5%. Increases fuel consumption. An assessment of the resistance of the air filter is performed when testing the engine on a motor stand or car on a roller stand, as well as when checking the filter on a vacuum installation. On some cars, vacuum indicators are installed, adjusted to a given permissible degree of clogging of the filter (usually 3.3-7.5 kPa). Vacuum indicators are manufactured for heavy trucks, but often they are installed on cars of medium and small tonnage.

The cardboard filter element that has reached the limit dust must be replaced with a new one. At the same time, attention should be paid to the density of the adjacent of sealing belts to the filter housing throughout the perimeter and the tightness of the seal of the ends of the cardboard or synthetic element. In the absence of a replaceable element, it can be partially restored by blowing it with compressed air from the side of the inner cavity (in the presence of a pre-reader, purge produced separately). In some cases, the filter element washed with a damning solution and carefully sucked.

After the purge, the dilapidation is on average is reduced by half, and after washing - it is 60%, therefore, the service life after regeneration is reduced accordingly. Filter elements from synthetic material allow multiple flushing - up to 10 times.

Due to the low digestibility of filters from porous material for vehicles operating under high dusting conditions, there are two- and three-stage filters. As a rule, the first step is a cyclone or an inertial filter, the second and third steps are dry porous filters.

It is necessary to periodically check the tightness of the air channel connection, the hoses of the crankcase ventilation system, the installation of filter elements, the seals of the flanges of the carburetor and the inlet pipeline. When changing the filter on a worn engine, it is required to check whether there are leaks of oil through the glands on elevated crankshaft turnover: the pressure in the crank has increased, and the probability of oil flows through worn oil and loose connections appeared.

In the fuel feed system, it is necessary to periodically check the degree of damage to fuel filters. If they are clogged, steam plugs arise in hot, leading to violation of fuel feed.

Hello dear friends! Today we will talk about the K-135 carburetor that is installed on gas trucks, with the ZMZ-511 gasoline engine and modifications. Carburetor - As practice shows, an extremely important part of the entire fuel system in engines, which use gasoline, as fuel. It is the carburetor that creates a fuel mixture that comes directly in the combustion chamber.

Therefore, if the carburetor has not been properly adjustable, the fuel mixture falls into the engine will cause significant damage to it and leads to the overflow of fuel. Modern devices, such as injectors, can automatically adjust the quality of the fuel supplied, but the control of the carburetor GAZ 3307 is still the urgent topic for most people.

On Trucks Mark Gas are installed carburetors of the K-135 brand. All carburetors of the C-135 creation times were created on a single system. The carburetor consists of two cameras and throttle to them, one per camera. Cameras are complemented by screws, which turn them to customize the quality of the fuel mixture formed in the carburetor. In the carburetors, the fuel mixture is supplied in such a way that the engine is not filling in gasoline, and it was easier to run it in difficult conditions, such as the cold time, for example, the accelerator system.

Adjusting the carburetor gas 3307 brand K-135, the process is relatively simple, but it is possible to start it only if you have at least a basic understanding of the design and the principles of the adjustment of the carburetor. For example, it makes no sense to limit fuel supply to the carburetor, not lowering the level of air supply. Yes, it is not necessary to limit the supply of fuel and air, as not to what good, as practice shows, it does not lead. Some amount of money, maybe you will save, but this will lead to premature engine wear, as a result costly repairs, so it does not need to limit the factory, the manufacturer installed the norm, let everything remains.

We will proceed to clean and adjust the K-135 carburetor. I repeat, if you do not have, at least a basic understanding of the design and principles of the carburetor setting, it is better not to climb, but if you are sure that we will continue. Although if you enroll the board, then I think everything will turn out.

First of all, of course, you need to remove the carburetor and fully disassemble. When disassembly, the dirt is easy to apply inside the carburetor or disrupt the accusative compounds or seals. The outer wash is made with a tassel using any liquid dissolving oily deposits. It may be gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel, their analogues or special flushing fluids soluble by water. After washing, you can blast the carburetor by air, or simply slightly stick to the clean cloth to dry the surface. The need for this operation is small, and car wash only for the sake of gloss, on surfaces, not necessarily. To flush the inner cavities of the carburetor, you will need at least to remove the cover of the float chamber.

Removing the cover of the float chamber, you need to start with disconnecting the thrust of the economizer drive and the accelerator pump. To do this, it is necessary to lidery and remove the upper end of the thrust 2 from the hole in the lever (see Fig. 1). Then you should unscrew the seven screws, fastening the cover of the float chamber, and remove the cover without damaging the gasket. In order for the lid to take off easier, press the air damper drive lever with your finger. Take the cover to the side and only after that turn over the table to fall out seven screws. Rate the quality of the gasket. It should take place a clear hull imprint. In no way, do not put the lid of the carburetor on the table float down!

Fig.1

1 - throttle lever; 2 - thrust; 3 - Adjusting Plank; 4 - accelerating pump drive lever; 5 - air damper drive lever; 6-axis of air damper.

Cleaning the float chamber is carried out in order to remove the precipitate, which is formed at its bottom. When the lid is removed, you need to remove the bar with the piston of the accelerator pump and the economizer drive and remove the spring from the guide.

Next, clean the float chamber from the sediment and rinse with gasoline. To roll up the dirt that has already been eaten and stuck to the walls is better not worth it, it does not represent danger. The probability of clogging channels or loans, with incorrect cleaning, much more than with normal operation.

The source of garbage in the float chamber is, of course, gasoline itself. The cause of the garbage with gasoline is clogged filters for fuel purification. Check the condition of all filters, replace and clean it, if necessary. In addition to the fine filter, which is installed on the engine and has an inside of a mesh or paper filter element, there is another on the carburetor itself. It is placed under a plug, near the gasoline supply fitting on the carburetor lid. Another, the filter is a sump, standing near the gas tank and is attached to the frame, it also needs to be washed and clean it.

After finished with cleaning, you will need to remove all the jets. The jets are better try not to be confused, so instead of one gibler you will not be able to twist the other, but still put it there from where they removed.

1. Main fuel jets.
2. The main air jets, under them in the wells there are emulsion tubes.
3. Economist valve.
4. Fuel jets of idle.
5. Air jets of idle. Split to the splind screwdriver are twisted after the fuel will be extracted.

Most importantly: After you remove all the jets, do not forget to get a needle valve that stands in the channel of the accelerator pump, and that is, a high probability of losing it. (Some do not even know about its existence). To do this, gently turn the carburetor over the table and the valve will fall out. It is made of the same material as well as jets, that is, brass. In the photo, with a comment, everything is seen where it is installed.

After removing the jackers you need to wash all channels. For this, there are special spray cans with a flossing of the carburetor. In auto parts are sold, so it's not difficult to buy. You need to splash the liquid into all the channels of the carburetor and leave for some time (there is an instruction on the balloon). After a while you need to blow with compressed air, all the channels of the carburetor. It is necessary to blow it carefully that the remnants of the liquid do not fall into the eyes. After purging, everything must be wiped with a dry cloth and dry. Also remember to clean and blow all the jets. Only in no case can not clean the jets with metal wire.

Even check the states of the accelerator pump, pay attention to the rubber cuff on the piston and the installation of the piston in the case. The cuff must, first, seal the body of discharge and, secondly, it is easy to move through the walls. To do this, there should be large wrappings on its working edge and it should not swell in gasoline. Otherwise, friction about the wall can be so difficult that the piston can not move at all. When you press the pedal, then through the craving to the bar, carrying the piston, the bar moves down, squeezing the spring, and the piston will remain on the spot. And the fuel injection will not happen.

Now everything needs to be collected in the reverse order. After assembly, it will be necessary to correctly set the level of fuel in the float chamber. In the carburetors of the old sample, it is convenient to have a window, exhibit exactly half the window and that's it. The level is regulated by sweetening or flexion of a special begging. But in the carburetors of the new sample there is no window, you will have to use some tool. (See Fig. 2.) And once again I want to say in no case, do not try to save up the fuel level in the float chamber, nothing to do with it. But expensive repair will be inevitable.

Fig. 2. Fuel level check diagram in a float chamber:

1 - fitting; 2 - rubber tube; 3 - glass tube.

Adjusting idling.

The minimum engine turnover at which it works is most stable, is adjusted by a screw that changes the composition of the combustible mixture, as well as a thrust screw that limits the extreme position of the flap. (See .Ris.3.) The idling is adjusted on the engine, heated to the operating temperature. (80 ° C). In addition, all the parts of the ignition system should be in good condition, and the gaps respond to passport data.

First, it is necessary to wrap before the failure of the two screws of the quality of the mixture, after which turn them into 2.5-3 turns. Start the engine and using a stop screw to install the average crankshaft rotation frequency. After that, with the help of quality screws, it is necessary to bring the speed of rotation up to 600 rev / minutes. If the carburetor is adjusted correctly, then with a sharp opening of the flap, the engine should not blame, should not be any failures and must quickly gain maximum turnover.

Fig.3.

1-amount of quantity; 2- quality screws; 3- Safety caps.

I suppose you can finish the article. If suddenly, you did not find something, or you simply do not have time to search, then I recommend getting acquainted with articles in categories " Repair GAZ."I am sure you will find the answer to your question, and if not write in the comments of the question you are interested in. I will definitely answer.

The ZMZ-5231.10 gasoline engine is 19.6 liters at 60 km / h, at a speed of 80 km / h, consumption increases to 26.4 liters. But there are almost impossible to achieve such indicators on a loaded car, especially in urban conditions.

Example of a classic gas truck GAZ 3307

A very important part of the fuel system is a carburetor. With the help of the carburetor, a combustible mixture is formed, which is a spark in each of the engine cylinders, so the behavior of the car largely depends on the correctness of the carburetor setting.

It should be noted that the carburetors are currently actively displaced by injection injection systems in which the regulation of the gasoline / air proportion is carried out automatically, but, nevertheless, there are still a lot of cars in which the traditional carburetor system is used. These include and.

The K-135 carburetor is installed. It is a modification of K-126, having almost the same device, differing only in the diameter of the jaws and in separate variants of diffusers.

Principle of operation K-135

The carburetor serves to prepare a high-quality fuel mixture. Air flow with gasoline is mixed in the required proportion, the proportion is set by the diameter of diffusers and jets. The amount of the mixture also depends on the position of the throttle.

Carburetor Models K135 and K135MU

Since the car GAZ 3307 was produced at a time when she moved to the unification of parts and nodes, the K135 or K135 can be used in this car, which is also used in some other cars.

Example of the K135 carburetor for gas 3307

This carburetor is largely repeated by its predecessor - the K126 model, differing from it a number of technical moments - cross sections, the vacuum selection system, as well as less smaller adjustable capabilities.

However, the model K135 is more common on cars found in our days, so most mechanics dealt with it.

Device K-135

The carburetor has a standard device - it has two cameras and, accordingly, two chokes. They are adjustable with two screws, which allows you to configure the quality of the mixture in the carburetor (and therefore, idle speed) is individually for each of the chambers. However, the improper installation of throttle plates can cause uneven operation of each of the groups of cylinders serviced by the carburetor, and therefore the unstable operation of the engine at idle.

k135 carbusibrator device diagram

Saves the situation only that the time of work in this mode for trucks is small. The flow in the carburetors data is falling, which practically eliminates the possibility of filling the engine and facilitates the launch in difficult conditions. In each of the carburetor cameras, a double spraying of the mixture occurs, the float chamber is balanced.

As already indicated at the beginning of the article, it is possible to install two models of the carburetor on gas 3307 - K135 and its modification K135MU.

The difference between these two carburetors, primarily consists of the plane of the recycling system of the exhaust engine gases. Naturally, it is not worth overpaying for an unnecessary function, in the event of course, if your engine is not equipped with such a system.

So the model of the carburetor K135MU looks like

Two-chamber-type K-135 carburetor, each chamber provides fuel mixture of four cylinders of the 8-cylinder V-shaped motor. The device includes the following basic housing parts:

• Aluminum throttle housing (lower part);
• The main body (in which the float chamber is located);
• Top of the carburetor (cover);
• Limiter housing.

Read also

New truck GAZ-3307

The carburetor is a rather complex mechanism, in K-135, several systems operate for the preparation of the fuel and air mixture:

• Main dosing system (main in the carburetor);
• Float camera;
• Economizer system;
• Accelerator pump;
• Starting device;
• Idling system;
• Mixing chamber;
• Limiter of the number of rotation of the crankshaft.

Diagram of the carburetor device for gas 3302

Purpose of carburetor systems:

Faults affecting fuel consumption

Signs

Faults of the carburetor negatively affect the operation of the motor. Signs of problems with the carburetor:

• Unstable work of DVS at idle, or the motor on these revolutions regularly stalls;
• Dips on medium turnover;
• With a sharp press on the accelerator pedal, the engine twitches and slaughters;
• DVS does not develop big revolutions;
• From the pipe of the muffler goes black smoke;
• Cotton and shots are heard from the carburetor or exhaust pipe;
• The engine works only with a semi-closed air damper;
• Motor "Troit" and pours candles;
• The engine is hardly started, and only when the gas pedal is pressed.

It should be noted that almost any malfunction of the carburetor is accompanied by increased fuel consumption.
There can be no speech about the permissible norm here, and with such a flow rate of the fuel level sensor in the car's cabin rapidly approaching zero even at a speed of 60 km / h along a flat road.

Eight-cylinder gasoline engines ZMZ 53 (they are often called gas 53, although it is incorrectly) applied on a huge number of different techniques: cargo cars grooves and Kavz. Several versions of the engine continue to be released today.

Supply system

All ZMZ 53 engines have been equipped with a power system with a carburetor. In addition to this device, the system included a fuel pump, a tank or tank storage system for fuel reserves, filters and pipelines for communication of the system nodes. Below will be considered the general device of the main node of the power supply system - the vertical carburetor to 135.

general description

This model came in 1985 to change the model to 126. The emergence of a new device was associated with the modernization of the ZMZ engines family. The housing of the new carburetor has not changed, they actually changed only passing sections of the jecles.

Features of the upgraded engine

The carburetor to 135 (as well as to 126) has two cameras, each of which provides a working mixture of 4 cylinders. In the old versions of the engines stood an intake manifold with crossing channels at different levels. The first chamber was powered by cylinders 1, 4, 6 and 7, the second - 5, 2, 3 and 8. The carburetor compartments worked according to the order of outbreaks in the parts of the motor. An old type collector in the photo below.

On the upgraded motor, the collector was simplified, and each camera began to respond to the cylinders of its block. Such a solution has reduced the collector. But uneven pressure pulsations occur in the carburetor chambers to 135. Due to such pulsations, the scatter appears in the characteristics of the mixture in different cylinders and at different points in the engine operation. New collector can be seen in the photo.

But thanks to the new gyklers, it was still possible to improve the gas toxicity norms of the gas 53 engines. The carburetor K 135 ensured the preparation of more depleted work mixtures, which slightly smoothed the inhomogeneity of the mixture. A new collector and carburetor, together with new cylinder heads with an increased degree of compression and screw walls of intake channels, made it possible to improve the fuel efficiency of the engines by 6-7%. At the same time, the requirements for the octane number of gasoline have changed.

General device

The scheme of the carburetor to 135 is quite simple. In fact, it is two independent nodes collected in one case and combined with a common float chamber. Accordingly, there are two dosing systems. Their composition includes the main diffuser, in the narrowing of which the fuel sprayer is located. Below is a mixing chamber, the output of the mixture of which is controlled by the gas valve.

The dampers have a total axis than the almost the same amount of air passing through the carburetor cameras. The axis of the flap is associated with a car accelerator pedal.

The dosing system provides fuel in proportional to the fuel air. The key element of the system is the diffuser with a narrow canal. When air passes through it, reduced pressure is created, depending on the speed of the passing flow. Due to this phenomenon, fuel is taken through the main fuel jawer from the float chamber. Access to these gibeles is possible without disassembling the carburetor and is carried out through screw plugs in the float chamber case.

The fuel level is automatically adjusted by a needle valve and the population associated with it. On the old models of carburetors in the chamber wall there was a control window. To maintain the composition of the mixture, the carburetor K 135 is equipped with a compensation system with air braking of fuel.

With small revolutions, air flow is small and there is a lack of vacuum in the dosing unit. To ensure the engine operation in this mode, an idle system is used.

For the most complete implementation of the engine power and dynamic overclocking, the carburetor to 135 is equipped with an economizer and accelerating pump. From additional systems, it is worth noting a starting device and a motor revolution limiter.

Setting

This element of the car is quite simple in design and does not require much attention to the correct operation. The carburetor adjustment to 135 includes setting up the starting device, controlling the fuel level in the chamber and setting the idle system.

When adjusting the starter, it is necessary to close the air damper, which will transfer the gas flap to the start position through the traction. The gap between the gas valve and the chamber wall must be within 1.2 mm. Adjusting the device is to exhibit this parameter and is performed using the adjustment plank in the damper drive. Easy is possible only with the specified gap.

Another important stage 135 is to exhibit the fuel level in the float chamber. For this measure the distance between the float and the plane of the lid. It should be 40 mm. Measurement is performed on a lid removed in an inverted state. The distance adjustment is carried out bending the valve needle drive. At the same time, it should not have damage and dents. Final fuel control is made on the installed carburetor.

Repairs

The disassembly and repair of the carburetor to 135 is carried out in damage to parts or strong contamination of the device. However, do not abuse washing and cleaning. After all, there is a risk to score the canals inside the carburetor and disrupt the accusative connections.

One of the most frequent operations is washing the float chamber. At the same time remove only easily removable deposits. Tightly embellished dirt dirt should not be cleaned. Decomposition in the chamber is a consequence of the poor state of the fuel filtration system. Therefore, cleaning should be combined with the replacement and cleaning of filters.

When disassembling the carburetor, pay attention to the state of the loans, if necessary, rinse them. The state of floats is checked (they are two types - brass and plastic), axes of flap, accelerator pump. All damaged items should be replaced with new ones.

Separately control the condition of the surfaces of the conjugable parts of the case. If necessary, they are silent at the test plate.

Upon completion of the work, reverse assembly, setting up and installing the carburetor on the engine.