Eid ul fitr ramadan bayram uraza. What is Ramadan for Muslims. Performing Eid Prayer
Each nation has its own traditions, customs and other features, the main of which is faith. Sometimes we do not understand the views and actions of representatives of other nations. This is largely due to the difference in religions. Of course, basically they have something in common - faith in the Almighty, but this does not negate their habits and preferences. One of the most important traditions of many peoples is Lent, during which people restrict themselves in some desires and follow certain rules, cleansing the body and soul.
What is Ramadan? Basic information on the topic
Perhaps many do not know what Ramadan is, but for Muslims this is a sacred period, which is very important for every representative of the Islamic faith. As a rule, this event falls on the ninth. It is considered one of the most important.
Many people do not know what it is Note that this is 29 or 30 days (the duration depends on the lunar calendar) of strict fasting. The main goal of this period is to do a few good deeds, set aside time for donations, reflection and worldview. And, of course, in this month there is a sacred fast, which is called saum. It is one of the five pillars of Islam.
Features and rules
We have considered the main goal of Ramadan, but it is impossible not to note the basic rules that Muslims must follow. These include quitting smoking, intimacy, but these are only secondary requirements. The main task of each person is not to eat food and not drink water during the day, that is, from dawn to dusk. Thus, a strict fast (uraza) forbids receiving pleasure or satisfying needs during daylight hours.
It is believed that this way of life for 30 days will strengthen the strength of mind, faith, as well as rethink the priorities and goals in your life. On the other hand, what is Ramadan? This is an opportunity to determine true values by moving away from the forbidden. To understand, you need to focus on the crescent. With the help of special committees constantly watching the moon, the onset of a special time is established.
Ramadan period in 2014
After Ramadan, people celebrate a great holiday called Eid al-Fitr. It lasts exactly three days, and during this period, Muslims glorify and thank Allah for their family life. The Special Committee found that in 2014 the fast will begin on June 28 (29) and last 29 (30) days. Ramadan ends after which the celebration begins. In this happy and hard-won period, believers treat their loved ones, relatives, and they themselves eat plenty. The main condition of the holiday is the distribution of alms (sadaqi). In addition, on the indicated day it is necessary to visit the graves of the dead.
It should be noted that some categories of citizens are exempted from the post. These include the elderly and those with chronic diseases. At the same time, a Muslim who cannot fast is obliged to feed the poor or help someone, and so every day for 29 (30) days.
What is the holiday of Ramadan? This is a period of doing good deeds, a time of cleansing one's own conscience and soul from negative energy, an hour to wake up and realize one's essence, to embark on the right path of life.
How should you fast?
The main rule of Ramadan is regular prayer. Before the sun rises, every Muslim must pronounce an intention (niyat). This is a certain set of words, confirming the purposefulness of a person. It is recommended that you finish your meal about 30 minutes before dawn. After that, believers proceed to break the fast, which is carried out with the use of milk, water, dates and other things. In the evening, Muslims say a prayer. In the last ten days of fasting, the night of al-Qadr begins. This is a time of overcoming and power.
Interested in what Ramadan is among Muslims, one should study the principles of believers in more detail. They are really ready to give their lives for their faith and take it very seriously. The fast that every person observes is only a small confirmation of serious intentions.
Happy Ramadan!
It is customary for Muslims to pronounce the phrase "Ramadan Kareem" during the fasting period. What does this phrase mean? Translated from Arabic, it sounds like this: "Generous Ramadan." In other words, this is a common greeting during the fasting period. Every Muslim reconsiders his life values, begins to pray more responsibly, despite the weather conditions or poor health. It happens that Ramadan falls on hot and exhausting days, and no one dares to suspend or break the fast. This trains willpower and confirms that a person has it.
As a rule, Muslims pronounce the words "Ramadan Kareem" when they distribute obligatory and voluntary alms. It warms their hearts, and they understand that they are doing good deeds by helping the poor.
Actions during Lent
Surely those people who do not know much about Ramadan have never thought about the consequences that befall the one who violated the rules. All actions of citizens are divided into two categories: violating and not violating saum. The first group includes unspoken intention before dawn, sexual intercourse, smoking, administration of rectal and vaginal drugs, spontaneous vomiting, swallowing of sputum that has entered the oral cavity, as well as deliberate drinking or eating at an inopportune hour.
The second group includes the following actions: inadvertent eating or drinking, donating blood, bathing, kissing a partner (unless his saliva is swallowed), involuntary vomiting, brushing teeth, sexual petting (only if there is no ejaculation), injections. Thus, in general terms, it is clear what the fast of Ramadan is, what can be done during it, and what is prohibited.
Suhoor, iftar and taraweeh
Considering the question of what Ramadan is, one cannot help but talk about the traditions and customs that Muslims have. During the month of fasting, the word "suhoor" is often used, which means an early meal throughout the period. That is, before dawn and after saying a prayer, a person can start eating. There is also the concept of "iftar" - a meal after sunset, that is, an evening meal. At the end of the procedure, a prayer must be said.
And finally, there is the concept of "taraweeh", which means voluntary prayer. It can last until dawn, that is, a person practically does not sleep all night. Not everyone can afford such a regime, so taraweeh may not be practiced at all or carried out occasionally.
Night-al-Qadr
The last ten days of fasting are considered the most important for the Muslim people. This period, as already noted, is considered the most significant. At this time, people most diligently pray and worship. It is recommended to go to the mosque for this, as Muhammad did in his time. He retired to itikaf exactly for ten days. When leaving the temple, a person is considered renewed and blessed. But the main thing is to fast and follow all the rules prescribed by Islam.
So, now you know the answer to the question of what Ramadan is for Muslims.
Blessed holiday!!!
Uraza Bayram is one of the most important Muslim holidays. The Islamic holiday is also known to us as Feast of breaking the fast And eid al-fitr(Arabic عيد الفطر). It is celebrated on the first three days of the month of Shawwal in honor of the end of the fast of the holy month of Ramadan. It is known that the Feast of Uraza-Bayram was established by the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) in 624.
eid al-fitr, the feast of breaking the fast or Eid al-Fitr in 2017 will be June 25.
How is it celebrated?
It is on this day that believers all over the world congratulate each other with the words: “Eid Mubarak!” (Blessed holiday!). In most Muslim countries, the day of celebration of Eid al-Fitr is considered a day off and forbidden to work. A faithful Muslim on this day performs ablution, dresses up in festive clothes and visits the mosque for a common prayer. Only once a year in all the mosques of the world they read a special prayer - Eid-namaz.
Features of Eid Prayer
Eid-prayer is performed at sunrise and lasts until the afternoon adhan. “I heard the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say: “Indeed, the first thing we start with today is prayer,” and the day begins with sunrise,” Al- Bara ibn Azib:
The one who missed the common prayer with the imam, let him perform it alone before the lunch adhan, the prayer will be counted. If a Muslim did not have time, then he missed the time for prayer, but he is pleased to compensate for Eid-namaz, like other desirable prayers, religious figures advise. Companion Umar said: "The festive prayer of sacrifice consists of two rak'ahs, the festive prayer after the month of Ramadan also consists of two rak'ahs."
It is allowed to postpone the holiday Eid-namaz a little, but only until the sun rises in height by the size of a standing bayonet. So did the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). This is the essence of the fact that on a holiday it is desirable to distribute obligatory alms - zakat-sakh (fitr sadaka). And this must be done before the holiday prayer. Thus, this "transfer" increases the time for the distribution of alms - zakat. Usually believers give alms, donations to the poor, needy people, travelers, etc. This ritual is one of the five pillars of Islam.
What is customary to do on this day?
And after the holiday prayer, Muslims set the tables. People invite each other to festive treats, and after that they themselves visit their parents, relatives, sick people, give them gifts. Children take part in various games, visit neighbors who give them sweets. At this time, it is also customary to ask each other for forgiveness and visit the graves of their deceased loved ones, reading surahs from the Koran and asking Allah to alleviate their plight.
The importance of this holiday...
An interesting fact is that Islam prescribed only two annual celebrations. If one of them is Eid-ul-Fitr, the other is Eid-ul-Adha. Muslims complete both of these holidays with an act of worship to Allah - a big ibadat. Eid-ul-Fitr is prescribed after the fast of the month of Ramadan. Every devout Muslim must refrain from eating, drinking and intimacy. Thus, he gets the opportunity: to pacify his passions, at least a little to atone for his mistakes, improve his temper, leave some addictions in the past, etc. And Eid-ul-Adha is celebrated when Muslims perform the annual Hajj. Thus, the celebrants complete a significant work through their own active efforts. This is an important criterion for celebrating in Islam.
Eid Mubarak!
It is both joyful and sad at the same time ... It is joyful to meet such a great holiday, sad to regret that the blessed days are over. And only in a year, if it is the will of Allah, we will once again be able to feel, taste all the mercy of the holy month of Ramadan.
Undoubtedly, Eid al-Fitr is the logical end of the month of Ramadan. But this does not mean that with the holiday the performance of good deeds ends. On the contrary, after the holiday, Muslims should do good with even greater zeal in order to achieve the satisfaction of our Creator. In the meantime, we will congratulate each other on the holiday of Eid al-Fitr. As narrated in a hadith from Jabir bin Nafir: “When they met on Eid, the companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said to each other: “May Allah accept from us and from you.” Eid Mubarak (blessed holiday!), Muslims !
ID UL-FITR
(RAMADAN-BAYRAM)
After the completion of the holy month of Ramadan, the feast of breaking the fast comes - Eid ul-Fitr.
It is believed that for every Muslim, the holiday is a good opportunity to replenish spiritual experience. And the holiday of breaking the fast is, first of all, farewell to the blessed days of the month of Ramadan, when every believer is given a good opportunity to grow spiritually, pacify passions through fasting and helping those in need.
In Ramadan Bayram, Muslims are ordered to indulge in fun and joy, eating and drinking, but it is forbidden to fast on this blessed day.
On this day, Muslims from all over the world, having performed ablution, put on festive clothes and rush to the mosque for collective prayer. After that, believers exchange congratulations, go to visit or invite them to a festive meal.
The holiday is also marked by an extremely important requirement of religion: on this day, Muslims pay obligatory donations to needy people, called zakat ul-fitr.
Also on this day, it is customary to visit parents, elders and the sick, visit cemeteries, commemorate the dead, read passages from the Holy Quran over the graves and ask the Almighty to alleviate their plight.
The remaining memorable days were not originally considered holidays, and there were no celebrations on their occasion. However, since ancient times, a special place has been given to such days as Juma (Friday), the day of Arafat, the day of Ashura and the night of Predestination. These days were defined as a time of diligent worship of Allah, and not as a time for celebration and fun.
From the book of Mukhtasar "Sahih" (collection of hadiths) by al-BukhariChapter 401: A meal before going out (for prayer) on the day of breaking the fast / yaum al-fitr /. 499 (953). It is reported that Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, said: “On the day of breaking the fast, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, never left (from the house for the holiday prayer),
From the book Achieving the Goal (a collection of hadiths) author MohammedChapter 583: The Precept for the Sadaqah of Breaking the Fast 725 (1503). It is reported that Ibn ‘Umar, may Allah be pleased with both of them, said: “The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, made it obligatory to distribute sadaqah on the day of conversation in
From the book Five Pillars of Islam author Absheron AliChapter 704: About how to say “Ramadan” or “the month of Ramadan”, and about who considered (acceptable) both expressions. 874 (1898). Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said:
From the book of Islam author Kurganova U.Chapter 1 Donation of Fitr 613. It is reported that Ibn 'Umar, may Allah Almighty be pleased with him and his father, said: "The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, ordered to pay a donation of fitr in the amount of one sa' dry dates or barley for all Muslims
From the book Muslim calendar for 2015 author Khorsand-Mavromatis Diana Valerievna From the book Anti-Religious Calendar for 1941 author Mikhnevich D. E.EID UL-ADHA (KURBAN-BAYRAM) This holiday is part of the Muslim rite of pilgrimage to Mecca. A holiday is celebrated in the Mina Valley near Mecca on the 10th day of the 12th month of the Muslim lunar calendar (Zul-Hijja) and lasts 3-4 days. Of course, not all Muslims can
From the author's bookRAMADAN Ramadan (Arabic), or Ramadan (Turkish), is the ninth month of the Muslim calendar. This month is the most important and honorable for Muslims. Throughout the month, a strict fast (uraza) is observed, which implies, as mentioned above, the rejection of water, food and
From the author's bookJune 21 Sunday Beginning of the month of Ramadan Beginning of fasting (necessarily specified in the mosque the day before!) Fasting in Ramadan (1) A big fast during the month of Ramadan, called Saum in Arabic (Turkic uraza), is obligatory for all adults, healthy, ritually clean people . ritual
From the author's bookSeptember 23 Wednesday Kurban Bayram Feast of Sacrifice - Eid al-Adha (Kurban Bayram) (1) The Feast of Sacrifice Eid al-Adha, or Eid al-Adha, is part of the Muslim rite of pilgrimage to Mecca and is celebrated on the 10th day of the month of Zul- Hijjah during the period
From the author's bookEid al-Adha Eid al-Adha is an annual Muslim religious holiday of sacrifice. It was borrowed by Islam from the religions of the ancient Arabs. The impotence of the ancient Arabs in the fight against nature gave rise to their belief that a good offspring can be provided by sacrifices to the gods
Parting with the month of Ramadan causes bright sadness. The dear guest, who gave us the days of spiritual revival, is leaving ... But Uraza-Bayram comes so that we praise the Creator for His mercy in Ramadan. Uraza Bayram is a visual completion of our post. We know that after hardship comes relief. And Allah rewards the efforts of those who fast with the Feast of Conversation.
Muslims generously share this joy with each other. The ethics of celebrating Uraza-Bayram (in Arabic, Eid al-Fitr) stems from the sunnah of the prophet and determines what is desirable to do during this period. When the Messenger of Allah arrived in Medina, its inhabitants had two (holiday) days, which they celebrated with games. He asked them, "What are these two days?" They answered him: “We celebrated these two days with games back in pagan times.” Then the Messenger of Allah said: “Indeed, Allah replaced them with two better days: the day of Sacrifice and the day of Conversation” (Abu Dawood).
holiday night
The end of the holy month of Ramadan will be marked by the holiday of Eid al-Fitr. This is the day given to us by the Almighty as a reward for long hours of fasting, refraining from food and drink, and fulfilling his prescription. Allah promised many rewards for the righteous conduct of the holy Ramadan. It is better to celebrate Eid al-Fitr at night. It is especially valuable, like the night before Eid al-Adha. Therefore, our prophet said: “Whoever revives both festive nights, the heart will not die on the day when the hearts die” (Abu-Umamat).
External preparation for Bairam
The house has already been washed to a shine and a whole feast has been prepared for relatives and guests. Now it's the turn of the usual hygiene - we enter Eid al-Adha bathed, anointed with incense (for women - only at home), in clean smart clothes. Thus, Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “The Prophet put on a jubba (cloak), which he wore only on Eid and on Fridays” (Al-Baykhaki).
Zakat ul Fitr
This is the sadaka of breaking the fast. It is paid from each family member, regardless of whether this person fasted or not. It is believed that this charity cleanses from the mistakes made in the month of Ramadan. Is mandatory. The payment term is from the dawn of the Holiday Day until the holiday prayer. It is possible to distribute fitr-sadaqah even before Bayram, at the beginning of the month of Ramadan or on the Holiday Night. The circle of recipients of zakatul-fitr is specifically defined. Find it out before paying the fitr-sadaqah so that it gets to the right address and is valid.
The Prophet Muhammad made obligatory the payment of zakatul-fitr also so that it served as a source of food for the poor, support, help for them. If a person fulfills this obligation, has time to transfer, pay this alms before the holiday prayer, then this is a zakat accepted from him. If he fulfills this obligation after prayer, then this is alms from among alms.
This is a festive collective prayer. It is held in mosques or other suitable places. For men, attending Eid prayer is very desirable, because. the prophet did not miss it. Under certain conditions, it can be done individually. As for women, their presence at prayer in the mosque is permissible, but as expected - with modest behavior, correct appearance, without the use of perfumes and other means of attracting attention to themselves. Before the holiday prayer, a light breakfast is recommended, preferably in the form of a few dates. Al-Bukhari narrates from Anas ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with them): “The Messenger of Allah did not go out on the morning of Eid al-Fitr until he had eaten a few dates (an odd number).” Another Sunnah of Eid Prayer is to go to the mosque one way and return the other way.
Post Reward
“On the Night of Power, the angel Jibrail (peace be upon him) descends to earth with a group of angels. And they pray for every servant of God who is found on this night in the service of Allah. And on the day of the Feast of Conversation (Eid al-Fitr), Allah says to the angels: “O My Angels, what is the reward for the one who did his job well?” They will say: "O our Lord, such a person should be given a full reward." Then Allah will answer: “O my Angels, truly My creatures, men and women, duly fulfilled their obligation to fast and came to the Eid and prayed to Me. And I swear that I will definitely answer the prayers of these people,” after which Allah will turn to the people: “Go, I have forgiven you your sins, and I have replaced your bad deeds with good ones.” And these people will return from the Holiday forgiven by Allah.
Meetings in your circle
On the Holiday it is very good to see relatives, if possible, please them with gifts or treats. In case of impossibility, at least call, write. It is also welcome to exchange greetings and congratulations with neighbors, acquaintances, friends. Exchange gifts with each other. Gifts remove bad desires from hearts. When the companions of the Prophet met on the day of Eid, they congratulated each other with the words: "Takabbala Allah minna wa minkum / May Allah accept from you and from us."
Visiting those who need participation
Giving attention to relatives and friends, let's not forget about those who are lonely, sick or suffering hardships. If you know such people, give them some of your time and warmth - congratulate, treat, help with something. It may seem small to us, but for them it is a special value. After performing the fards, the deed with which Allah Almighty is most pleased is to please a Muslim brother. The more sincere our fasting in Ramadan was, the more we want to decorate our Bairam with prayers, dhikrs, salavats and the joy given to others. Let all this strengthen in our souls taqwa - inspiration from the observance of Religion. And, perhaps, then, by the Grace of the Creator, the outcome of our life will be similar to the bright outcome of Ramadan - blessed Bayram ...
In almost every country, people celebrate certain holidays, which can be international, national, religious, local, and so on.
The Muslim world also has its own special solemn days, and some of them are directly related to the Islamic religion. However, due to the presence in Islam of many different currents and legal schools, some holidays may be recognized as such in some communities and not celebrated in others.
Only 2 holidays are considered common for all Muslims - this is the feast of breaking the fast (Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Fitr) and the feast of sacrifice (Eid al-Adha, Eid al-Adha, Kurban Bayram). This is indicated by the hadith of the Messenger of the Most High (s.g.v.), which reads: “Verily, the Creator replaced them (pre-Islamic holidays - approx. IslamGlobal) two best days: the Day of Breaking the Fast and the Day of Sacrifice” (cited by Abu Dawud).
Let us dwell on these solemn dates in more detail.
How Eid al-Fitr is celebrated
Conversation Day (Uraza Bayram) is a holiday celebrated by Muslims on the occasion of the end, which is observed by believers in the Holy month of Ramadan. It falls on the first day of the month of Shawwal. (in 2019 - June 4) and continues to be celebrated for two more days.
The elements of the holiday are as follows:
1. Paying fitr-sadaqah
During the month of Ramadan, the faithful pay special alms - it serves as a kind of act of material support for those in need and a way of cleansing from small sins that were committed during the holy month of Islam. The hadith says: “The Messenger of the Almighty obliged to distribute zakat ul-fitr as a means of cleansing bad and empty words for the fasting, and also as a treat for the needy” (Abu Daud).
It follows that those who did not donate during Ramadan should pay it on the Day of Conversation, but this must be done before the start of the holiday prayer.
2. Festive prayer (gaet-namaz)
The most important event of this day for believers should be the performance of the festive prayer. The time of its completion begins approximately half an hour after sunrise and ends at the moment the sun is at its zenith.
At the same time, among Muslim theologians there is a scatter of opinions regarding the need to perform this prayer. Some Muslim scholars classify this as a necessary deed (wajib), while others believe that the performance of Eid-namaz is desirable (sunnat).
In addition, theologians differed in their views on the possibility of individual performance of this prayer. Some are sure that it is allowed to read the holiday prayer only with a jamaat, that is, collectively, while others believe that its performance is also allowed individually.
At the same time, all Muslim scholars are unanimous in their opinion that the following categories of people are exempted from the collective reading of id-prayers in mosques:
- women, for whom it is better to perform the holiday prayer at home and individually;
- minors(from an Islamic point of view), that is, children who have not reached puberty;
- travelers- they, according to Shariah, are recognized as people who have moved away from home at a distance of more than 87 km and for a period of not more than 15 days;
- incompetent both physically and mentally ill people.
Before the holiday prayer, Muslims should cleanse themselves by performing a full ablution (), put on clean and beautiful clothes and perfume with incense.
The holiday prayer itself is generally similar to any other prayer, although it has its own individual characteristics. The prayer consists of two rak'ahs, in each of which believers perform 3 takbirs. And in the first rak'ah, the reading of the sura, as a rule, is followed by the sura "The Highest".
In addition, the faithful on this day usually visit relatives, do good deeds, distribute alms, visit the graves of their deceased relatives and friends, etc.
How to spend Eid al-Adha
The second in a row, but not least, in Islamic doctrine is the feast of sacrifice (Eid al-Adha, Eid al-Adha). It is celebrated on the tenth day of the month of Dhul-Hijjah. (in 2019 it falls on August 11) - 70 days after the feast of breaking the fast. On this day, Muslims begin to perform Kurban as a token of gratitude to their Creator for the blessings with which He endowed them. The sacrifice itself can last up to four days. (see below).
Eid al-Adha includes the following religious observances:
1. Eid prayer
Similarly to the Day of breaking the fast, believers on Eid al-Adha perform a festive prayer, which has no distinctive features from the prayer performed on Eid al-Fitr.
2. Sacrifice
The main event of Eid al-Adha is, of course, the rite of sacrifice itself. Its fulfillment on this day dates back to the time of the Prophet Ibrahim (a.s.), when Allah sent down the hardest test, namely, he ordered him to sacrifice his eldest son, the Prophet Ismail (a.s.). After making sure that Ibrahim (a.s.) was ready to pass this test with dignity, the Almighty saved Ismail (a.s.) at the last moment and ordered his father to slaughter a ram as a sacrifice. In the collection of hadiths from Abu Daud, one can even find the saying of the Mercy of the worlds of Muhammad (s.g.v.): "Sacrifice is the sunnah of the Prophet Ibrahim."
The ritual of sacrifice in Eid al-Adha is one of the most important types of worship of the One God. Indeed, in His Revelation He calls us:
“Pray for the sake of your Lord and slaughter the sacrifice…” (108:2)
However, there are disagreements among Muslim theologians regarding the obligation to perform a sacrifice. Some classify this as a necessary action (wajib). And as an argument, the above verse is cited. Other scholars classify the sacrifice in Kurban Gayet as a desirable action (sunnat). Supporters of this position rely on the hadith: “Let the one who wants to make a sacrifice, in no case cut his hair or nails until he makes a sacrifice!” (Muslim). In this case, this part of the scientists focuses on the words "who wants to make a sacrifice ...", which, in their opinion, directly indicates the desirable nature of this rite.
Believers can perform Kurban both on the 10th day of the month of Zul-Hajj, and on the next three days, called the days of tashriq, which are also considered holidays.
Let us add that on Kurban Bayram, as on the day of the celebration of Eid al-Fitr, the faithful visit their relatives, are zealous in doing good deeds, distribute alms, etc.
