Ablution for women before prayer. Small ablution for Muslims. How to do ablution before prayer? Rules for full body washing. After rinsing your mouth

Today it seems to many that the traditions of another people are too difficult and meaningless. But it is not in vain that they say that judging another is a thankless task. For Muslims, daily prayer is not hard labor, but a mandatory item. Moreover, in addition to direct prayer, one has to undergo preparation for it, which is individual for men and women.

The fairer sex has a harder time, because a lady is not always clean before Allah. How is prayer performed for women?

What it is?

This is a special prayer in Islam, which is a strictly regulated action, since the number and time of prayers are determined, as well as the direction in which one must turn to the Almighty. Prayer for women should be preceded by a small ablution. That is, you need to wash your face, ears, neck, hands and feet. Many religious authorities believe that ablution is not considered complete if the lady has nail polish left. It needs to be erased. If there is no water, then it is permissible to bathe with sand, which is suitable for desert conditions. There is no such practice in Russia. After ablution, one should put on clothes in accordance with the requirements of Islam. It must be a full body suit that is not form-fitting and is not considered enticing.

At the same place, at the same time

Namaz for women can be performed at home, but men often go to the mosque. If the family lives in a city without a temple, then it is possible to pray at home, although the husband and wife usually pray separately. A woman can also visit a mosque, where there is a special room for religious rites. Regardless of the gender of the believer, prayer is performed five times a day. Namaz for women is different in the process itself.

You can not raise your hands up, unlike a man. The last words of "Allah Akbar!" the woman speaks with her elbows close to her body. And in general, she should be restrained in her movements. In the process, the hands should be folded on the chest, and not on the stomach, as men do. There is a peculiarity when making a bow to the ground, called "sajda". The woman completes the correct prayer by bringing her body as close to the ground as possible and sitting on her knees. By the way, in the text itself there are no differences from the male version, so only the movements are specific.

Allah and his servants

The Almighty could not place a greater burden on his slaves than they could bear, therefore Islam is considered a religion of relief. Some types of worship for girls are limited during the menstrual cycle. For example, ablution for women before prayer does not give a full result. Therefore, it is not necessary to make a prayer, and it does not require replenishment. You don't have to fast, but then you have to make up for it. There is no need to circumambulate the Kaaba during the Hajj, but other rites are allowed.

It is said that Aisha was talking about the journey with the Messenger of Allah when there was a conversation about the pilgrimage, and at the end of the walk she began to menstruate, which caused profuse tears. Then the Messenger of Allah was curious about the cause of tears. When he found out, he said that in this state you can do everything that pilgrims do, except for going around the Kaaba. During the period of menstruation, a woman should not have sexual intercourse, come to the mosque, touch the Koran and read its surahs.

Duties

Each woman keeps her own calendar and therefore knows the schedule of her cycle. Naturally, its duration is different for everyone, but, according to scientists, it lasts from a day to 15 days. Bleeding more than this period is considered an anomaly, therefore, if on the 16th day the discharge continues, you need to bathe and begin to perform your duties, since the nature of the bleeding is no longer considered menstrual.

If the discharge lasted less than a day, then they are not considered menstruation, and therefore it is necessary to compensate for the missed fast and prayer, but it is not necessary to perform a full ablution. If the bleeding is accompanied by pain, then it is not necessary to leave prayer. A woman should wash herself, insert a tampon, put on a pad and put on everything clean. By the way, ablution for women before prayer in the month of Ramadan excludes a tampon, as this is contrary to the rules of fasting.

Why can you postpone prayer?

Morning prayer for women can be postponed for a number of reasons, the first of which is the shelter of the awrat.

A weighty reason will be going to a mosque or waiting for a collective prayer. If blood came out before prayer, then this does not interfere with prayer, since there is no fault of the woman. It happens that a girl forgot to put tampons or postponed prayer for worldly reasons. In such cases, only farz prayers or sunnat prayers are performed. Chronic bleeding for a woman gives the right to one obligatory prayer after each bath. It is said that once Muaza asked Aisha about making up for missed fasts and prayers after menstruation. She replied that the Messenger of Allah ordered to compensate fasting, but he did not say this about prayers. And Said Mansur reported that a woman who cleared her menstruation during the afternoon prayer should perform lunch and afternoon prayers. The continuous discharge, which lasted 5 days, should end with a full ablution and a refund of prayers and fasts.

How to act during menstruation?

I wonder how to pray for a novice woman. It is necessary to pronounce Dhikr more often, turn to Allah with requests, surround yourself with pious sisters and read spiritual literature. It is allowed to read verses with the words of prayer when making a request. The Prophet's wife Aisha related that Muhammad spoke of the monthly defilement as a blessed purification. If on the first day of desecration a woman repents before the Almighty, then she will be included in the list of those liberated from hellfire. Those representatives of the weaker sex who do not follow the cycle and miss prayers are called absent-minded and predict difficulties for them on the Day of Judgment.

How to pray for women with manicure? Before bathing, you should not cut your nails, as there is a word in the hadeeth that the removed nails and hair return on the Day of Judgment in a defiled state. Another interesting question is about a woman teaching the teachings of the Koran. According to some, she can work during menstruation, but her work is limited, but she can teach the alphabet.

Bathing

After the completion of menstruation, it is necessary to conduct ritual bathing, or the so-called ghusl. It cannot be postponed, and before the procedure, niyat should be expressed. Now you can start ablution with words addressed to Allah. First of all, the perineum is washed, then the head and the right side of the body are poured. Then the left side. Now wash the whole body again. Women mostly have long hair and braids, and if the water does not go inside, then they must be untangled and washed. In Shariah, a mark is made in case water does not enter naturally curled hair.

According to etiquette

Before doing prayer, a woman needs to fulfill all her natural needs so as not to offend Allah with them. There is even a peculiar etiquette for these processes. So, you need to choose a secluded place, avoid contamination of the body and clothes, avoid mounts in the water. After that, you need to clean both passages with water or paper. A woman during ablution should not be in a state of poisoning, sleep or be unconscious. You can not eat camel meat, touch the genitals, cook food on fire, laugh or touch sewage.

The question of how to pray for a novice woman arises when she reaches the age of majority. In addition, the girl must be of sound mind, have the intention to perform prayer. Prayer becomes invalid if a person is an apostate, refuses the obligatory actions of prayer, performs only bows or bows to the ground, distorts sounds, or deliberately eats and drinks.

Before doing prayer, a woman should not look up, put her hands on her belt, close her eyes. In addition, it is impossible to state the intention to perform namaz verbally, to get ahead of the imam in collective prayer. There are a number of places where it is not recommended to pray. So, how to pray for women? Avoid prayer in the cemetery, in the bathhouse and toilet, in the camel pen. By the way, you can not pray after childbirth and miscarriage. During this period, fasting is also prohibited.

Complete collection and description: a prayer of ablution for women for the spiritual life of a believer.

When washing every part of the body it is advisable to read the shahada in the following form:

أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لآ إِلهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لا شَريكَ لَهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ

“Ashhadu alla ilyaha illallahu wahdahu la shara lahu, wa ashhadu anna Muhammadan ‘abduhu wa rasuluhu.”

In addition, special prayers are read during ablution (the shahada is read at the first washing of the organs, washing for the second and third time - the prayers below are read).

Washing the hands at the very beginning of ablution, after "Isti'az" and "Basmala" they read:

اَلْحَمْدُ لِلهِ الَّذي جَعَلَ الْماءَ طَهُورًا

"Al-hamdu lillahi-llah h and ja'alal-maa tahura ”(Praise be to Allah, who made the water cleansing).

اَللّهُمَّ بَيِّضْ وَجْهي بِنُورِكَ يَوْمَ تَبْيَضُّ وُجُوهُ أَوْلِيائِكَ وَلا تُسَوِّدْ وَجْهي بِظُلُماتِكَ يَوْمَ تَسْوَدُّ وُجُوهُ أَعْدائِكَ

“Allahumma bayyiz wajhi binurika yavma tabyazzu wujuhu avliyaika wa la tusavvid wajhi bizulyumatika yavma taswaddu wujuhu a‘daika”.

(O Allah! Lighten my face with Your nur on the day when the faces of Your favorites are illuminated, and do not blacken my face with Your darkness on the day when the faces of Your enemies are blackened).

اَللّهُمَّ أَعْطِني كِتابي بِيَميني وَحاسِبْني حِسابًا يَسيرًا

"Allahumma a'tini kitabi biyamini wa hasibni hisaban yasira".

(O Allah, offer me my records of earthly deeds on the Day of Judgment on the right side and reprimand me with an easy report).

اَللّهُمَّ لا تُعْطِني كِتابي بِشِمالي وَلا مِنْ وَراءِ ظَهْري

"Allahumma la tu'tini kitabi bishimali wa la min warai zahri."

(O Allah, do not offer me my notes on the left and behind).

Performing a head rub (mashu), read:

اَللّهُمَّ حَرِّمْ شَعْري وَبَشَري عَلَى النّارِ

"Allahumma harrim sha'ri wa bashari 'ala-nnar".

(O Allah, make my hair and skin forbidden to the fire of Hell).

When washing each of the feet read:

اَللّهُمَّ ثَبِّتْ قَدَمَيَّ عَلَى الصِّراطِ يَوْمَ تَزِلُّ فيهِ الْأَقْدامُ

"Allahumma from abbit kadamaya ‘ala-ssyrati yavma tazillu fihil-akdam.

(O Allah, fix my feet on the bridge of Sirat on the day when they slide).

After completing a partial(as well as complete) ablutions, stretching their hands forward and looking up at the sky, they read the following prayer:

أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لآ إِلهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لا شَريكَ لَهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ اَللّهُمَّ اجْعَلْني مِنَ التَّوّابينَ وَاجْعَلْني مِنَ الْمُتَطَهِّرينَ وَاجْعَلْني مِنْ عِبادِكَ الصّالِحينَ سُبْحانَكَ اللّهُمَّ وَبِحَمْدِكَ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لآ إِلهَ إِلاّ أَنْتَ أَسْتَغْفِرُكَ وَأَتُوبُ إِلَيْكَ وَصَلَّى اللهُ عَلى سَيِّدِنا مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلى آلِه وَصَحْبِه وَسَلَّمْ

“Ashhadu alla ilyaha illallah wahdah la shara la lah, wa ashhadu anna Muhammadan ‘abduhu wa rasuluh. Allahumma-j'alni mina-ttavwabina waj'alni minal-mutatahhirina, waj'alni min 'ibadika-s-salikhina, subhanakallahumma wa bihamdika, ashhadu alla ilaha illa antha, astagfiruka wa atubu ilaika, wa sallallahu 'ala sayyidina Muhammadiv-wa' ala alihi wa sahbihi wa sallam."

(I testify with my tongue, acknowledge and believe with my heart that there is nothing worthy of worship except Allah, the One, Who has no partner, and I once again testify, acknowledge and believe with my heart that, truly, Muhammad is His servant and Messenger.

O Allah, make me of those who repent of their sins, and make me of those who keep cleanliness, and make me of Your pious servants who serve You well. You are pure from all shortcomings, praise be to You. I testify that there is nothing worthy of worship except You. I ask Your forgiveness and I repent before You. And the blessing of Allah to our master Muhammad, his family and companions, peace and prosperity to them).

Namaz for women. Ablution for women before prayer

Today it seems to many that the traditions of another people are too difficult and meaningless. But it is not in vain that they say that judging another is a thankless task. For Muslims, daily prayer is not hard labor, but a mandatory item. Moreover, in addition to direct prayer, one has to undergo preparation for it, which is individual for men and women.

What it is?

This is a special prayer in Islam, which is a strictly regulated action, since the number and time of prayers are determined, as well as the direction in which one must turn to the Almighty. Prayer for women should be preceded by a small ablution. That is, you need to wash your face, ears, neck, hands and feet. Many religious authorities believe that ablution is not considered complete if the lady has nail polish left. It needs to be erased. If there is no water, then it is permissible to bathe with sand, which is suitable for desert conditions. There is no such practice in Russia. After ablution, one should put on clothes in accordance with the requirements of Islam. It must be a full body suit that is not form-fitting and is not considered enticing.

At the same place, at the same time

Namaz for women can be performed at home, but men often go to the mosque. If the family lives in a city without a temple, then it is possible to pray at home, although the husband and wife usually pray separately. A woman can also visit a mosque, where there is a special room for religious rites. Regardless of the gender of the believer, prayer is performed five times a day. Namaz for women is different in the process itself.

You can not raise your hands up, unlike a man. The last words of "Allah Akbar!" the woman speaks with her elbows close to her body. And in general, she should be restrained in her movements. In the process, the hands should be folded on the chest, and not on the stomach, as men do. There is a peculiarity when making a bow to the ground, called "sajda". The woman completes the correct prayer by bringing her body as close to the ground as possible and sitting on her knees. By the way, in the text itself there are no differences from the male version, so only the movements are specific.

Allah and his servants

The Almighty could not place a greater burden on his slaves than they could bear, therefore Islam is considered a religion of relief. Some types of worship for girls are limited during the menstrual cycle. For example, ablution for women before prayer does not give a full result. Therefore, it is not necessary to make a prayer, and it does not require replenishment. You don't have to fast, but then you have to make up for it. There is no need to circumambulate the Kaaba during the Hajj, but other rites are allowed.

It is said that Aisha was talking about the journey with the Messenger of Allah when there was a conversation about the pilgrimage, and at the end of the walk she began to menstruate, which caused profuse tears. Then the Messenger of Allah was curious about the cause of tears. When he found out, he said that in this state you can do everything that pilgrims do, except for going around the Kaaba. During the period of menstruation, a woman should not have sexual intercourse, come to the mosque, touch the Koran and read its surahs.

Duties

Each woman keeps her own calendar and therefore knows the schedule of her cycle. Naturally, its duration is different for everyone, but, according to scientists, it lasts from a day to 15 days. Bleeding more than this period is considered an anomaly, therefore, if on the 16th day the discharge continues, you need to bathe and begin to perform your duties, since the nature of the bleeding is no longer considered menstrual.

Why can you postpone prayer?

Morning prayer for women can be postponed for a number of reasons, the first of which is the shelter of the awrat.

How to act during menstruation?

I wonder how to pray for a novice woman. It is necessary to pronounce Dhikr more often, turn to Allah with requests, surround yourself with pious sisters and read spiritual literature. It is allowed to read verses with the words of prayer when making a request. The Prophet's wife Aisha related that Muhammad spoke of the monthly defilement as a blessed purification. If on the first day of desecration a woman repents before the Almighty, then she will be included in the list of those liberated from hellfire. Those representatives of the weaker sex who do not follow the cycle and miss prayers are called absent-minded and predict difficulties for them on the Day of Judgment.

How to pray for women with manicure? Before bathing, you should not cut your nails, as there is a word in the hadeeth that the removed nails and hair return on the Day of Judgment in a defiled state. Another interesting question is about a woman teaching the teachings of the Koran. According to some, she can work during menstruation, but her work is limited, but she can teach the alphabet.

After the completion of menstruation, it is necessary to conduct ritual bathing, or the so-called ghusl. It cannot be postponed, and before the procedure, niyat should be expressed. Now you can start ablution with words addressed to Allah. First of all, the perineum is washed, then the head and the right side of the body are poured. Then the left side. Now wash the whole body again. Women mostly have long hair and braids, and if the water does not go inside, then they must be untangled and washed. In Shariah, a mark is made in case water does not enter naturally curled hair.

According to etiquette

Before doing prayer, a woman needs to fulfill all her natural needs so as not to offend Allah with them. There is even a peculiar etiquette for these processes. So, you need to choose a secluded place, avoid contamination of the body and clothes, avoid mounts in the water. After that, you need to clean both passages with water or paper. A woman during ablution should not be in a state of poisoning, sleep or be unconscious. You can not eat camel meat, touch the genitals, cook food on fire, laugh or touch sewage.

The question of how to pray for a novice woman arises when she reaches the age of majority. In addition, the girl must be of sound mind, have the intention to perform prayer. Prayer becomes invalid if a person is an apostate, refuses the obligatory actions of prayer, performs only bows or bows to the ground, distorts sounds, or deliberately eats and drinks.

Before doing prayer, a woman should not look up, put her hands on her belt, close her eyes. In addition, it is impossible to state the intention to perform namaz verbally, to get ahead of the imam in collective prayer. There are a number of places where it is not recommended to pray. So, how to pray for women? Avoid prayer in the cemetery, in the bathhouse and toilet, in the camel pen. By the way, you can not pray after childbirth and miscarriage. During this period, fasting is also prohibited.

ablution

Both men and women who are about to perform namaz are required to perform a small ablution (wudu), and in order to enter a state of ritual purity after sexual intimacy or pollution, it is necessary to perform a complete ablution (ghusl), that is, cleanse the entire body. This is a prerequisite. Also for women after the end of the period of postpartum cleansing and critical days, ghusl is a fard.

Order of taharat before prayer

1. If possible, it is better to sit on an elevated place, turning your face towards the Qibla and say: “A'uzu billahi mi-our-shaitanir-rajim” (I seek refuge with Allah Almighty from the evil of the overthrown Satan) and “Bismillahir-rahmanir-rahim” (I start “with the name of Allah Almighty, Merciful to everyone in this world and Merciful only to those who believe on the Day of Judgment”).
2. Wash your hands up to the wrists three times. Rub the fingers of one hand between the fingers of the other. If there are rings or rings on the fingers, then move them so that water gets under them (photo 1).
3. Saying "Bismillah. “, draw water and rinse your mouth three times (photo 2). Brush your teeth using a miswak, and if not, then with your thumb and forefinger (photo 3), then rinse your mouth two more times.
4. After saying “Bismillah. ” water is drawn into the nose (photo 4). If a person does not fast, then bring water to the wings of the nose and draw it into the nostrils, then blow your nose with your left hand. This procedure is repeated two more times.
5. Expressing sincere intention and saying “Bismillah. “, you should, having drawn water in your palms, wash your face from top to bottom, from the edge of the hair to the chin inclusive, cheeks to the ears (photo 5). Wipe with your hand under the eyebrows. These steps are repeated two more times. When washing, the face should be wiped.
6. Saying "Bismillah. “, wash, rubbing, the right hand to the elbow (photo 6). Then repeat this two more times. The left hand is washed three times in the same way (photo 7).
7. With the words "Bismillah. ” run a wet hand over one-fourth of the head. After that, wipe the ears with the index fingers from the inside and at the same time with the thumbs behind the ears (photo 9).

With the back of three wet fingers, excluding the thumb and forefinger, run along the back of the neck (photo 10). It is sunnah to run wet hands all over the head. This is called a complete mask (rubbing) of the head. Full mask: wet your hands, move your thumbs and forefingers away, while the remaining three fingers of each hand are tightly closed together and put with the inside on the upper part of the forehead, where the hair begins (the closed fingers of one hand touch the closed fingers of the other hand), then draw these closed fingers fingers on the head to the back of the head, where the hair ends (the thumb and forefinger do not participate in this, when moving back, hold your palms along the sides of the head. After that, wipe the ears from the inside with the index fingers, and rub them from top to bottom behind the ears. Then with the back of the rest hold three closed fingers of each hand behind the neck (the throat is not wiped).

Washing the feet should begin with the right foot, saying “Bismillah. ” (photo 11). The gaps between the fingers should be wiped with the little finger of the left hand. Washing the right foot begins with the little finger, the left foot - with the big toe, and this is done from the bottom up. The left leg is washed in a similar way and also begins with the pronunciation of “Bismillah. “. Both legs are washed up to the ankles (photo 12).

Circumstances that violate taharat (small ablution)

1. The excretion of urine, excrement, blood, semen, etc. from a person.
2. Bleeding and discharge of pus or ichor.
3. Vomiting mouthful.
4. Insanity.
5. Drunk.
6. Fainting.
7. Emission of gases.
8. Sleep lying on your side or sitting on one thigh, legs thrown to the side, and also sitting in Turkish, when the seat is not pressed tightly to the seat. If a person falls asleep while sitting with his seat tightly pressed to the place, then his ritual washing is not violated.
9. Loud laughter during prayer (when others hear it).
10. Bleeding from the gums when the amount of this blood is greater than or equal to the amount of saliva being spit out.

Shaving, cutting hair and nails does not violate ritual purity, as well as the release of blood in an amount less than the amount of saliva spit out.

The procedure for performing ghusl

According to the sunnah, ablution is performed in the following order:

1. Make the intention to perform ghusl (big ablution), then wash your hands, genitals in front and behind, even if they are clean.
2. Say "Bismillah. “, and then perform a small ablution (taharat), performed before prayer. If water collects at the feet, then wash the feet last.
3. Rinse the mouth and nose with more water than when performing the usual taharat, because with this rinsing, the fard of the ghusl is also performed to cleanse the mouth and nose.
4. Pour over and wash your hair three times. At the same time, the hair on the head, beard and mustache should get wet to the roots.
5. Pour over the right shoulder three times and wash the right side of the body with flowing water.
6. Pour over the left shoulder three times and wash the left side of the body.

During ablution, wipe the whole body with your hand so that there is not a single place on the body that would not get water, including the navel and ear passages.

Conditions and procedure for performing Tayammum

A Muslim is allowed to perform tayammum in the following cases:

• lack of water;
• inability to use water due to the threat of exacerbation of the disease;
• the danger of attack from, the side of enemies and the emergence of other similar serious obstacles.

Tayammum is performed as follows: say “A’uzu. ” and “Bismillah. “, strike the soil or other surface replacing it with your hands and rub your palms on this surface in a forward and backward movement. After that, wipe your face with your hands. Then hit your hands on the ground a second time and again move your palms back and forth and rub your hands with them from the hands to the elbows and back - first the right, then the left.

If you wear rings, when performing tayammum, you must remove or slide them on your fingers and wipe the place under them.

Scale over the surface of the khuff

Both men and women are allowed to make mashh (run their wet hands) over leather socks, called mest or khuff. For this, the following conditions must be met:

1. Khuffs are put on when they are ritually clean (after ablution-taharat);
2. Khuffs must cover the legs up to the ankles, it is necessary that they be strong, capable of withstanding at least 12 thousand steps;
3. Khuffs should not be torn or torn (if there are torn places, they should not exceed the width of three little toes of the foot);
4. Khuffs should be waterproof, thick enough to stay on the legs without strings;

Mask on protected and unprotected wound

1. A person who, due to a dislocation, fracture or injury, has some parts of the body bandaged, glued with plaster or plastered, and at the same time it is not possible to wash these places, it is allowed to make a mask over the surface of most of the bandage, etc. Moreover, if this can harm his health, then he is exempted even from the mask.
2. Unlike a mask on shoes, a mask on the surface of a bandage, bandage, plaster, etc. there is no expiration date - the mask can be performed until the wound is completely healed. In this case, it does not matter whether the person was in the process of applying a bandage, etc. in a state of ritual purity or not.
3. If the bandage unties or falls off after the mask has been performed, or if a new bandage is applied to an existing bandage, then updating the mask is not necessary.

Illustrations for performing taharat

PHOTO 1 - Hands are washed up to the wrist. When washing with the fingers of one hand, wipe the gaps between the fingers of the other hand. If there are rings on the fingers, then they are displaced so that water gets under them.

PHOTO 2 - Brushing your teeth with a miswak is a Sunnah of Taharat. The miswak is taken in the right hand with the little finger and thumb, while the little finger remains under the miswak, the index, middle and ring fingers are on top, and the thumb supports it from below. Moistened miswak, starting from the right, all teeth are cleaned.

PHOTO 3 - Take a mouthful of water with your right hand and rinse. However, those who fast, in order to prevent water from entering the throat, gain less water.

PHOTO 4 - Water is fed into the nose with the right hand. You should blow your nose with your left hand. Fasting people should not draw water into the nose too quickly.

PHOTO 5 - The face is washed, starting from the edge of the hair from top to bottom to the chin inclusive, the cheeks are washed to the earlobes.

PHOTO 6 - Water is drawn into the palm of the right hand and pours from it over the arm. The hand is washed including the elbow, while the left hand rubs the right. As a result, not a single dry place remains on the hand.

PHOTO 7 - Water is collected in the palm of the left hand and pours from it over the arm. The hand is washed including the elbow, while the right hand rubs the left. As a result, not a single dry place remains on the hand.

PHOTO 8 - A wet right hand is placed on the hair and, starting from the line of hair growth, make a mask - hold it with the palm up.

PHOTO 9 - The index fingers wipe the ears from the inside and at the same time the thumbs behind the ears.

PHOTO 10 - The back of three wet fingers, excluding the thumb and forefinger, is passed along the back of the neck. With this movement, the hands are not directed to the bottom of the chin, but directly to the bottom of the ears, to the sides of the face.

PHOTO 11 - With the little finger of the left hand, the spaces between the toes of the right foot are wiped, starting with the little finger, then towards the thumb, then the entire foot with ankles is washed.

PHOTO 12 - The left foot is washed like the right foot, but rubbing the spaces between the fingers with the little finger of the left hand begins with the thumb and ends at the little finger.

Ablution occupies a special role in Islamic doctrine, since without it, Muslims cannot perform some rituals of worship. This term in Islam refers to the process of ritual cleansing performed by believers at least several times a day.

Ablution is of two types: small (“wudu”, “taharat”), as well as full (“ghusl”).

Taharat

A small ablution is a kind of ritual cleansing performed by believers regularly and does not require complete exposure when performing it.

In what cases is it necessary to perform taharat:

• before starting the prayer (prayer);

• before reading the Holy Quran;

• before starting the circuit around the Kaaba.

Wudu procedure:

1. Speak intention for performing ablution: in order to start taharat, a person must have an appropriate intention, which he can say to himself.

2. Say the words "Bismillahir-Rahmanir-Rahim"(“In the name of Allah the Merciful and Merciful”).

3. Wash the hands up to the wrists: the believer must wash the palms of both hands three times up to the wrists, without fail washing the areas between the fingers (preferably starting with the right hand).

4. Rinse your mouth: after hands, rinse your mouth well three times, and it is advisable to present water to your lips with your right hand.

5. Rinse the sinuses: a Muslim should wash his nose three times, drawing in water from his right hand and removing discharge from his left.

6. Wash your face: to do this, it is enough to rinse your face three times so that each time water gets on its entire surface (up to the ears).

7. Wash your hands up to the elbows: each hand, starting with the right, is successively washed from all sides three times from the wrist to the elbow.

8. Rubbing the head, neck and ears: it is necessary to wipe the hair with wet palms, while it is prescribed to touch at least a quarter of the head (usually wipe with a movement of the right hand from the top of the head to the forehead). After that, the thumbs are moved under the earlobes, and the index fingers wipe the auricle and auditory canal. At the end of this stage, you should walk along the neck with the back of your hands, smoothly moving your hands from the back to the front.

9. Cleansing the feet: in conclusion, the feet are washed three times up to the ankles, including the areas between the fingers. Here it is also welcome to perform the procedure, starting with the right leg.

It is important to know that the obligatory actions (fard) of taharat will be the following: washing the face, hands up to the elbows, wiping the neck, ears and head, washing the feet. The obligatory nature of these stages is due to the fact that they are mentioned in the Holy Scriptures of Muslims:

“O you who believe! When you stand up for prayer, then wash your faces and your hands up to the elbows, wipe your heads and wash your feet up to the ankles” (5:6)

Thus, after performing wudu, the believer is in a state of ritual purity, in which he can pray, read the Qur'an, and so on. This position is maintained until the believer commits any act that violates it.

What breaks wudoo’:

• defecation, including the release of gases;

• loss of consciousness;

• sleep, except when a person is napping while sitting or standing;

• excretion of impurities from the human body in large quantities (blood, pus, etc.);

• touching directly to the genitals (i.e. not through tissue);

• severe vomiting (provided that the vomit filled the entire oral cavity).

Ghusl

Full ablution is a kind of ablution performed when a Muslim is in a state of ritual defilement. In the Quran, the Lord of the worlds tells us:

“…If you are defiled, then wash yourself from head to toe and be cleansed…” (5:6)

Situations in which GUSL is needed:

• after intimacy (for ritual defilement, contact of the genitals will be sufficient, even if ejaculation has not occurred);

• after ejaculation that did not occur due to intimacy (for example, if it arose due to passionate sensations as a result of thoughts, or viewing images and videos with naked bodies, wet dreams, etc. is considered haram);

• the postmenstrual period in women (during menstruation, a woman is in a state of ritual defilement, and therefore on such days she is even forbidden to pray and. After the completion of menstruation, women should perform a ghusl);

• the postpartum period in women (at the end of postpartum bleeding, it is also prescribed to perform a full ablution);

• after the adoption of Islam (after a person has pronounced the shahada and became a Muslim, he must be cleansed);

• death (before burial, the body of every Muslim must be washed)

Being in a state of ritual defilement, a believer does not have the right to:

• read and touch the Holy Quran (if its text is entirely in Arabic);

• perform prayer;

• visit the mosque;

• circumnavigate the Kaaba.

The procedure for performing a full ablution:

Intention for Ghusl: as in front of the taharat, a person must say (possibly mentally) intention;

Say "Bismillahir-Rahmanir-Rahim";

Washing hands up to the wrists: rinse hands three times up to the wrists, while cleaning the areas between the fingers (it is preferable to start with the right hand);

Genital washing: this should be done carefully to eliminate all impurities, and preferably with the left hand;

Performing all the actions of small ablution (wudu): at the same time, the procedure for washing the palms is repeated, and the feet are postponed until the end of the ghusl;

Dousing the head: it is necessary to do it three times and so that all the hair on the head, including the beard and mustache, is moistened from the tips to the roots;

Pouring on the right side of the body: three times and with a sufficient amount of water for this, but without allowing its excessive consumption;

Three times pouring over the left side of the body;

Foot washing(including areas between fingers).

Like taharat, ghusl contains both obligatory and desirable actions. However, there are some discrepancies with regard to full ablution among Muslim legal schools. If, according to the Hanaft madhhab, rinsing the mouth, washing the nasal cavity and pouring over the whole body is considered fard when performing the ghusl, then in the Shafi'i madhhab it is intention, removal of impurities and complete dousing.

Benefits of ablution

It is prescribed for believers to perform ablution not only before performing religious practices - the state of ritual purity should be inherent in any Muslim almost constantly. Taharat and ghusl in Islam is considered a good deed, for which a reward is due. The well-known hadith of the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) says: “If someone, being in a state of ablution, performs it again, the Almighty writes 10 good deeds to him” (at-Tirmidhi).

In addition, ritual cleansing helps to erase the sins of the believer, as stated in the following hadith: “When a Muslim performs ablution, then, washing his face, washes away all the sins that his eyes commit, washing his hands, washes away all the sins that he committed with them, washing his feet , washes away all the sins that he committed with them, and thus the person will become clean from sins ”(Muslim and at-Tirmidhi cite).

Another advantage of ablution is the fact that it can lead the believer to Paradise. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) once admonished: “Which of you makes ablution, then says, for that all eight gates of paradise will open” (hadith from Muslim).

Miraculous words: face washing prayer in full description from all the sources we found.

Many new Muslims are concerned about the question of how ablution is done before performing prayer. This is a very important procedure that cannot be omitted, since prayerful standing before God is possible only in a state of ritual purity. Below we will talk about how this ablution is performed.

Types of ablution

In Islam, there are two types of ritual ablution: small and full. In the minor version, only the hands, mouth, and nose are washed, while the full version requires the washing of the entire body. The result of both procedures is purity, called in Arabic taharat.

Full ablution

This variant is called ghusl in Arabic. Below we will tell you how to do a full ablution, but first you need to say about the cases in which it is necessary. So, if we are talking about a woman, then she is prescribed to do ghusl after the end of the period of menstruation and postpartum bleeding. In addition, sexual intimacy is considered the reason for complete ablution. If we are talking about a man, then for him such a reason is also sexual contact and the fact of ejaculation in general. If a person has just converted to Islam or for some reason has not practiced namaz, then he is also ordered to perform a ghusl, since the likelihood that in a previous life he did not have such moments when the rules of Islam required a full ablution is close to zero.

Full Body Washing Rules

The rules of Sharia tell about how to do ablution before prayer. According to them, the nose, mouth and whole body should be washed. But, before doing ablution, you need to get rid of everything that can prevent the penetration of water. It can be wax, paraffin, cosmetics, paint, nail polish and more. During washing, it is especially necessary to wash the parts of the body into which water can hardly get. For example, auricles, navel, areas behind the ears, holes from earrings. The skin on the head should also be washed with water along with the hair. Regarding how to perform ablution on women with long braided hair, the rules of Islam explain that if they, when braided, do not prevent the penetration of water, then they can be left as they are. But if water cannot get on the scalp because of them, then the hair needs to be untangled. Another recommendation on how to do ablution for women concerns their female genitals. Their outer part also needs to be washed, preferably while squatting.

mouth rinse

As for rinsing the mouth, this procedure must be performed three times. At the same time, everything that prevents the penetration of water to the surface should be removed from the teeth and from the oral cavity, if possible. When asked how to properly perform ablution if there are fillings, dentures or crowns in the teeth, the rules of the ghusl answer that these things should not be touched. Also, you do not need to remove various devices, such as corrective plates and braces, which only a doctor can safely remove. For the time of bathing, it is necessary to get rid of only those things that are easily removed and easily inserted back. Regarding how to do ablution correctly, it must be said that certain sunnats and adabs are attached to this action, that is, some ritual actions that are generally not required. But if they are fulfilled, then the reward from Allah, as Muslims believe, will be increased. But since these are optional things, we will not touch on them in this article.

What is forbidden without full ablution other than prayer?

There are things that are forbidden for Muslims who have not performed a full ablution. In addition to actually praying, these include bowing to the ground while reading certain lines of the Koran and bowing to the ground out of gratitude to Allah. In addition, it is forbidden to touch the Koran or its individual parts printed in other books. While still in a state of impurity, it is forbidden to read the Quran, even if you do not touch it. It is allowed to read only individual words, the totality of which is less than one ayat, that is, a verse. This rule, however, has an exception. So, suras, which are prayers, are allowed to be read. Without a ritual full ablution, it is forbidden to go to the mosque and go around the Kaaba during the Hajj.

There is one subtlety - the state without ritual washing is classified into three levels. In one of them, it is allowed to fast Ramadan, while in others it is not. But this is another topic, and we will not touch on this issue.

Small ablution

Now let's talk about how to do a small ablution. First, it must be said that this method of washing is called wudu in Arabic. It is also important to note that it does not replace a full bath - ghusl.

When is wudu done?

In order to understand how to properly perform ablution before prayer in accordance with the rules of wudu, one must learn when it is necessary. Let's say you did a full bath, but then, before prayer, you visited the toilet. In this case, you should do a little washing. It is also necessary if you fall asleep or faint, as the state of unconsciousness leads to a partial loss of ritual purity. A voodoo ceremony is also required when a person has blood, mucus or pus. Similarly, the situation is with the situation when there was an attack of nausea, and the person vomited. Severe bleeding in the oral cavity (if there is more blood than saliva) is also considered a reason for passing a small ablution. Well, the situation of alcohol intoxication or other clouding of reason concludes this list.

When not to do wudu?

There are things in respect of which it is not entirely clear whether it is necessary to do ablution after them or not. And, probably, the most common question among them is expectoration. The rules of ritual cleanliness in Islam say that expectoration of mucus does not lead to the need to perform ablution. The same applies to cases where small parts of the flesh are separated from the body - hair, pieces of skin, and so on. But only if it didn't cause bleeding. Touching the genitals (it doesn’t matter if it’s your own or someone else’s) does not lead to the fact that repeated washing is required. Touching a person of the opposite sex, if he is not in the category of mahrams, is also not considered a reason to repeat wudu.

Voodoo procedure

Now let's talk directly about how to do ablution before prayer according to the order of wudu. In accordance with Sharia law, it includes four mandatory items - washing the face, hands, feet and nose.

To wash your face, you need to understand what is considered a face in Islam, that is, where its boundaries lie. So, if in width, then the border of the face will run from one earlobe to the other. And along the length - from the tip of the chin to the point from which hair growth begins. Sharia law also teaches how to wash hands: hands must be washed up to the elbows, including the last. Similarly, the legs are washed up to the ankle. On how to do ablution before prayer, if there is something on the surface of the skin that can prevent the penetration of water, the rules clearly say that such things must be removed. If the water does not fall on the entire area of ​​the designated parts of the body, then ablution cannot be considered valid. Therefore, it is necessary to remove all paints, decorations, etc. However, henna drawings do not interfere with ablution, since it does not interfere with the penetration of water. After all parts of the body are washed, it is necessary to wash the head. How to do the washing of the head according to a small rank, again, the rules suggest. In fact, ablution would be simply wiping a quarter of the area of ​​the head with a wet hand. But at the same time, you need to be careful, since rubbing the hair not on the head, but on the forehead, back of the head, or rubbing the hair twisted on the head, will not be considered valid.

It should also be noted that without a small ablution (unless, of course, you have just completed a full one), some ritual actions are prohibited. Their list is identical to those that are prohibited in the absence of a performed ghusl. There are also adabs and sunnats for small ablution, which we do not consider in this article. Another important point is that when performing wudu, you do not need to remove contact lenses from your eyes, as this is not required by Shariah.

Prayers that are recommended to be read when performing a partial ablution

When washing every part of the body it is advisable to read the shahada in the following form:

أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لآ إِلهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لا شَريكَ لَهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ

“Ashhadu alla ilyaha illallahu wahdahu la shara lahu, wa ashhadu anna Muhammadan ‘abduhu wa rasuluhu.”

In addition, special prayers are read during ablution (the shahada is read at the first washing of the organs, washing for the second and third time - the prayers below are read).

Washing the hands at the very beginning of ablution, after "Isti'az" and "Basmala" they read:

اَلْحَمْدُ لِلهِ الَّذي جَعَلَ الْماءَ طَهُورًا

"Al-hamdu lillahi-llah h and ja'alal-maa tahura ”(Praise be to Allah, who made the water cleansing).

اَللّهُمَّ بَيِّضْ وَجْهي بِنُورِكَ يَوْمَ تَبْيَضُّ وُجُوهُ أَوْلِيائِكَ وَلا تُسَوِّدْ وَجْهي بِظُلُماتِكَ يَوْمَ تَسْوَدُّ وُجُوهُ أَعْدائِكَ

“Allahumma bayyiz wajhi binurika yavma tabyazzu wujuhu avliyaika wa la tusavvid wajhi bizulyumatika yavma taswaddu wujuhu a‘daika”.

(O Allah! Lighten my face with Your nur on the day when the faces of Your favorites are illuminated, and do not blacken my face with Your darkness on the day when the faces of Your enemies are blackened).

اَللّهُمَّ أَعْطِني كِتابي بِيَميني وَحاسِبْني حِسابًا يَسيرًا

"Allahumma a'tini kitabi biyamini wa hasibni hisaban yasira".

(O Allah, offer me my records of earthly deeds on the Day of Judgment on the right side and reprimand me with an easy report).

اَللّهُمَّ لا تُعْطِني كِتابي بِشِمالي وَلا مِنْ وَراءِ ظَهْري

"Allahumma la tu'tini kitabi bishimali wa la min warai zahri."

(O Allah, do not offer me my notes on the left and behind).

Performing a head rub (mashu), read:

اَللّهُمَّ حَرِّمْ شَعْري وَبَشَري عَلَى النّارِ

"Allahumma harrim sha'ri wa bashari 'ala-nnar".

(O Allah, make my hair and skin forbidden to the fire of Hell).

When washing each of the feet read:

اَللّهُمَّ ثَبِّتْ قَدَمَيَّ عَلَى الصِّراطِ يَوْمَ تَزِلُّ فيهِ الْأَقْدامُ

"Allahumma from abbit kadamaya ‘ala-ssyrati yavma tazillu fihil-akdam.

(O Allah, fix my feet on the bridge of Sirat on the day when they slide).

After completing a partial(as well as complete) ablutions, stretching their hands forward and looking up at the sky, they read the following prayer:

أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لآ إِلهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لا شَريكَ لَهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ اَللّهُمَّ اجْعَلْني مِنَ التَّوّابينَ وَاجْعَلْني مِنَ الْمُتَطَهِّرينَ وَاجْعَلْني مِنْ عِبادِكَ الصّالِحينَ سُبْحانَكَ اللّهُمَّ وَبِحَمْدِكَ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لآ إِلهَ إِلاّ أَنْتَ أَسْتَغْفِرُكَ وَأَتُوبُ إِلَيْكَ وَصَلَّى اللهُ عَلى سَيِّدِنا مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلى آلِه وَصَحْبِه وَسَلَّمْ

“Ashhadu alla ilyaha illallah wahdah la shara la lah, wa ashhadu anna Muhammadan ‘abduhu wa rasuluh. Allahumma-j'alni mina-ttavwabina waj'alni minal-mutatahhirina, waj'alni min 'ibadika-s-salikhina, subhanakallahumma wa bihamdika, ashhadu alla ilaha illa antha, astagfiruka wa atubu ilaika, wa sallallahu 'ala sayyidina Muhammadiv-wa' ala alihi wa sahbihi wa sallam."

(I testify with my tongue, acknowledge and believe with my heart that there is nothing worthy of worship except Allah, the One, Who has no partner, and I once again testify, acknowledge and believe with my heart that, truly, Muhammad is His servant and Messenger.

O Allah, make me of those who repent of their sins, and make me of those who keep cleanliness, and make me of Your pious servants who serve You well. You are pure from all shortcomings, praise be to You. I testify that there is nothing worthy of worship except You. I ask Your forgiveness and I repent before You. And the blessing of Allah to our master Muhammad, his family and companions, peace and prosperity to them).

face washing prayer

Prayer before ablution (Taharat)

Translation: “In the name of Allah”.

Prayer after ablution (Taharat)

“Ashkhadu alla ilaha illa Llahu wahda-hu la sharika la-hu wa ashhadu anna Muhammadan ‘abdu-hu wa rasulu-hu”.

Translation:“I bear witness that there is no god but Allah alone, who has no partner, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and His messenger.”

“Allahumma-j’al-ni min at-tawabina wa-j’al-ni min al-mutatahhirina”.

Translation: “O Allah, number me among those who repent and number me among those who purify”.

“Subhana-kya, Allahumma, wa bi-hamdi-kya, ashhadu alla ilaha illa Akta, astagfiru-kya wa atubu ilyay-kya.”

Translation: “Glory to You, O Allah, and praise to You, I testify that there is no god but You, I ask You for a petition and bring You my repentance”.

face washing prayer

With the name of Allah, Merciful to everyone in this world, and in the other world Merciful only to believers.

As-salamu alaikum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh!

Dear brothers and sisters!

The Prophet (SAS) said: “My community will be called on the Day of Judgment. And because of the traces of washing their faces, hands and feet will shine. Who among you can increase his brilliance, let him increase it.” (Al-Bukhari)

In a hadith cited by Muslim (peace be upon him), it is said: “Prayer is not accepted without purification (ablution).”

In this article, we will talk about small ablution (in Arabic - wudu) according to the norms of the madhhab of Imam ash-Shafi'i:

This article contains a lot of material. Don't let that scare you. It is not necessary to know everything by heart - you can always go to the desired section of the article and replenish your knowledge. By heart, you need to know only the obligatory components of a small ablution and the correct pronunciation of intention.

First study the order of performance and what violates the validity of wudu. Then learn the duas that should be read during ablution (when pronouncing them, the reward for ablution increases many times). The conditions for the validity of a small ablution will also be important for you. It is also good to know the desirable and undesirable actions.

(we perform all actions 3 times, first on the right side, then on the left)

1. Wash your hands, including your wrists and between your fingers.

2. Rinse your mouth and nose, bringing water with your right hand. First, water is taken in the mouth, the rest - in the nose. It is advisable to blow your nose with your left hand. If you are on duty, then you do not need to do this.

3. Take water in your hands, pronounce the intention (with your tongue and mentally) - and at the same time wash your face. It should be noted that the intention with the tongue is sunnah, mentally it is fard. In addition, the mental intention should coincide with the beginning of washing the face.

The border of the obligatory part of the face for washing runs along the underside of the chin, along the border of the ears, including the temples. Further - just above the border of the hair on the forehead.

4. Wash your hands, including your elbows.

5. Wipe your head with wet hands. They do it this way (for one cycle): we rest the thumbs on the temples, the index fingers above the eyebrows. Without tearing off the thumbs, we draw the palm tightly through the hair (the rest of the fingers are spread apart), starting from the forehead and ending with the back of the head. And in the opposite direction.

6. Wipe the ears both outside and inside. Index fingers on the inside of the ears, thumbs on the outside.

7. Wash the soles of the feet, including the ankles and between the toes.

Dua read during ablution.

Reading prayers while performing ablution is sunnah.

Bismillaghi, walH `amdu lillagyi llazi jag `alal maa t` agyura.

With the name of Allah. Praise be to Allah, who made the water cleansing.

Rinse mouth and nose

Allagumma ag `inni g`ala tilyavati kitabika va kasrati zikrika lak(a).

Allagyumma bayiz vajgyi yavma tasvaddu figil vujug, wa la tusavvid vajgyi yavma tabyazzu figil vujug.

O Allah, illuminate my face on the day when faces turn black and do not blacken my face when faces become bright.

Right hand wash

Allagyuma ag't'ini kitabi biyami va h'asibni h'isaban yasira.

O Allah, place my book of deeds in my right hand and make my calculation easy.

Washing the left hand

Allagyumma la tu g`t`ini kitabi bishimali wa la min lizard zagri.

O Allah, do not put my book of deeds in my left hand.

Allahumma h'arim shag'ri wa bashari g'ala -n-nar.

O Allah, make my hair and skin forbidden for the fires of Hell.

Allagyumma jg'alni mina llazina yastamig'unal kavlya fayattabig'una ahsanag.

O Allah, make me one of those who listen to the words and follow the best of them.

Allahumma sabbit kadamayya g`ala ssirat`i yavma tazillu figil aqdam.

O Allah, my feet are on the Sirat Bridge on the day they slide.

After performing ablution, read such a dua.

“Ashgadu alla ilyayagya illallag, wah` dagyu la ball lie down, va ashgadu anna Mukh`ammadan g‘abdugyu va rasulug. Allagyumma-j'alni mina-ttavvabina, vaj'alni minal -mutat'aggyirina, vaj'alni min` ibadika-s-salikhina, subhanallagyaumma va bih`amdika, ashgyadu alla ilgya illa antha, astagfiruka va atubu ilyayka. Wa sallallaghu g'ala sayyidina Muh'ammad in wa g'ala alighi wa sah'bigyi wa sallam."

I testify that there is no god but the One Almighty Allah, Who has no partners. And I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and messenger. O Allah! Rank me among those whose repentance the Almighty accepted and make me extremely pure, make me from among the righteous slaves. I glorify you, O Allah, and praise you. I testify that there is no god but You. I ask You for forgiveness and I repent before You. May Allah bless and greet, O Almighty, Muhammad, his family and companions.

The arcana, that is, the obligatory elements of ablution, are:

1. Saying the mental niyat (intention) at the same time as the beginning of washing the face. There are 2 options for intent:

a) Exemption from hadath (a state of broken ablution). “I intend to perform a small ablution for the elimination of the hadath”;

b) Preparing for prayer. “I intend to perform a fard (obligatory) small ablution.”

It is sunnah to add "in the name of Allah".

Here, a very important point is that the pronunciation of the word “fard” should coincide with the moment the palms touch the upper part of the face.

3. Washing both hands from fingertips, including elbows.

4. Mashu - wiping a part of the head (at least a quarter) with wet hands.

5. Washing both feet from the tips of the toes, including the ankles (ankles).

6. Performing all these actions strictly in the named sequence.

It is obligatory to wash all washed parts of the body once. If at least one lasso is not fulfilled, then the ablution is invalid (it is considered imperfect).

In order for ablution to be considered valid, the following conditions must be met:

1. be a Muslim,

2. be capable,

3. for women - is in a state of purification from menstruation and postpartum discharge,

4. water for ablution must be clean and cleansing (spring, river, sea and other natural water),

5. water during ablution should flow around all washable parts of the body,

6. during ablution, there should be no impurities (najas) on the washing parts of the body,

7. the absence of anything on the body that can change the color, taste or smell of clean water,

8. during ablution, on the parts of the body being washed, there should not be even a small amount of any insulator (paint, varnish, glue, etc.) that prevents water from coming into contact with the washed part of the body,

9. it is necessary to realize the obligation of this ablution,

10. It is necessary to know which actions of ablution are obligatory components (lasso), and which are only desirable. It is necessary to clearly understand: what is fard and what is sunnah.

Desirable actions of small ablution.

Desirable actions when performing a small ablution are:

1. Sit facing the Kaaba;

2. Before starting the ablution, say the words “A’uzu biLlyagyi min ash-shaytani r-rajim” and “bismiLlyagyi rah’mani r-rah’im”;

3. Wash your hands before dipping them into a vessel of water to be used for ablution. If ablution is done under a tap, then it is sunnah to wash your hands 3 times;

4. Brush your teeth. Siwak is better;

5. Rinse your mouth and nose with 3 handfuls of water and blow your nose. Take water in your right palm, put some in your mouth, and the rest in your nose. You have to blow your nose with your left hand;

6. Gargle;

7. Rinse face, hands and feet above the mandatory limits;

8. Wipe the whole head;

9. Wipe the ears outside and inside;

10. Rinse each washed part of the body three times;

11. Rinse with hand rub. That is, not only should water wash the body, but also rub it with your hand;

12. Washing all parts one by one (without delay);

13. When washing (as well as when cleaning something), it is advisable to think about the chitota and subtlety of water, about its amazing ability to purify and disinfect.

Undesirable actions of small ablution.

1. Washing each of the body parts more than 3 times;

2. Washing first the left and then the right parts of the body.

3. Shaking water from body parts and clapping hands on the face while washing it;

4. Wiping the washed parts of the body with a towel if necessary. For example, if there is a danger of a cold, then you can;

5. Resorting to the help of another person during ablution, if this is not necessary;

6. Performing ablution with water heated in the sun in a vessel made of malleable material (copper, etc.);

7. Conducting extraneous conversations during ablution;

8. Performing ablution in a dirty place (for example, in a toilet), where dirty splashes can get on the body and clothes;

9. Deep rinsing of the mouth and nose during fasting, in which water can get inside;

10. Excessive consumption of water (i.e. more than 1 liter for a small ablution and 5 liters for a full one).

Circumstances that violate the small wudu.

Small ablution is violated by the following circumstances:

1. Discharge from the anterior or anus, whether it be ordinary discharge (urine, feces and intestinal gases) or unusual (pebbles, worms, ointment and vadya).

Ointment - a clear mucous liquid that is released from the penis with little excitement. Vadyu is a thick white liquid, sometimes released after urination or due to heavy lifting.

If only sperm is released, then a large wudu is violated, but a small one is not.

2. Touching the skin of a person of the opposite sex over 6 years of age without a barrier, with the exception of the closest relatives (mahrams) with whom, according to Sharia, one cannot marry (mother, father, sister or brother, wife's mother or foster sister). Ablution is not disturbed by touching the skin of an outside woman through an insulator (gloves, clothes).

3. Loss of reason, consciousness.

4. Direct touch with the palm of the hand to the human genital organs or to the ring of the anus, one's own or someone else's, regardless of age and gender. Touching with the back of the hand or through an insulator does not break ablution.

5. Sleep. Sleep does not break wudu, although it is sunnah to renew wudu after it.

In case of violation of small ablution, it is forbidden to perform prayer, tawaf (walking around the Kaaba), touch the Koran (but it is allowed to read without touching it) and wear it.

May the Almighty accept our prayers, be merciful to us and save us from mistakes!

Namaz

Halal and Haram

Imam of the mosque in the city of Dnipro, Orenburgskaya st., 86

From the center by minibus 105 to Orenburgskaya street

From the railway station Pobeda minibus 62 to Orenburgskaya st.

From the railway station Krasny Kamen bus 95-a to the Baikal stop

By car - from the Pravda cinema in the direction of the railway station Klochko along Baikalskaya street on the eighth street, turn right. On the pillar there is a pointer “Mosque” with an arrow.

The best good for a person is that he has the right, which consists in - the one and only God who is worthy of worship and who should be worshiped, as well as in the belief that he is the Messenger of Allah, and in the truth of all that with which he came and that he conveyed to the people from Allah.

After pronouncing, meaning the acceptance of monotheism, every adult and mentally complete person is obliged to fulfill certain requirements that Almighty Allah has placed on him. The fulfillment of the five obligatory (ritual prayers) is the most highly revered and basic type of worship of Allah (after the correct belief). Once the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked about what is the best deed of a Muslim. He replied: " Obligatory prayers performed in perfection and at the indicated time for each of them ».

When we say “prayers”, we mean a special kind of worship to Allah Almighty, performed in the way that was transmitted to the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him). It consists of certain expressions and actions, begins with an intention and ends with the utterance of the final greeting - "Salam". The angel Jabrail (peace and blessings be upon him) taught the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) to pray, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), in turn, taught the Muslims. Since then, prayer has become the most important of the obligatory deeds of Muslims after belief in Allah and His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him). And each of us must plan the daily routine in such a way as to perform prayer on time. For its fulfillment, Almighty Allah will reward a Muslim in the next world with endless, unprecedented and unheard of blessings. Namaz is the pillar of the Muslim religion and the deed for which a person will be asked on the Day of Judgment in the first place. Almighty Allah promised to give Paradise to His slave, who perfectly fulfills the obligatory prayer, observing all its conditions and obligations.

There are many hadiths of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that emphasize the importance of prayer. Here are some of them:

« Namaz is the pillar of religion »;

« When a person performs ablution properly and then performs the obligatory prayer, Allah forgives him all the sins committed on that day with feet that went to evil, hands that did evil, ears that listened to evil, eyes that looked at evil, and a heart that thought about evil »;

« Namaz is the key to Paradise »;

« A person in prayer knocks on the door of the King of kings, and the door is always opened for the one who knocks. »;

« The first thing for which a slave will be reprimanded on the Day of Judgment is prayer ».

All types of worship were transmitted to the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) through the angel Jabrail (peace be upon him). And the five-fold prayer was given to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) by Almighty Allah Himself without an intermediary, as a most valuable gift to His most beloved Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and the best of creations and his community (ummah). This is the wisdom of such exaltation of the meaning of prayer by Allah Almighty.

Types of prayers

In addition to obligatory (fard) prayers, there are also optional, but desirable (sunnah) prayers, for the fulfillment of which the Almighty has promised an additional reward. The non-obligatory prayers require the same preparations as the five obligatory prayers. A person who wants to perform a prayer must meet several requirements: the prayer must be a Muslim who has reached the age when he understands the speech addressed to him and meaningfully answers it ( mumayiz ) is usually seven years in the lunar calendar. And with the achievement of adulthood, every mentally complete Muslim ( mukallaf ) is obliged to perform prayer.

certain actions that must be performed before entering into prayer, as well as during its performance. If at least one of the conditions is not met, then the prayer is considered invalid. Therefore, every Muslim needs to know and observe the following conditions of prayer:

1. The performer of prayer must be in a state of ritual purity.

2. The body, clothes and the place where prayer is performed must be clean.

3. You should cover the parts of the body (awrat), which according to Sharia must be covered.

4. Each prayer is performed at a certain period of time.

5. Prayer should be performed with the chest turned towards the Kaaba (Qibla).

Rules for ritual cleansing

The first condition for prayer is that a person is in a state of ritual purity. According to Sharia, ritual cleansing (tahara) is the performance of certain obligatory actions in order for a Muslim to become permissible to perform prayer. It includes:

1. Removal of impurities (najas).

2. Performing a partial ablution of the body (wudu).

3. Performing a full body ablution (ghusl).

4. Cleansing with pure earth (tayammum) if there is no water, as well as in some other situations.

Indeed, learning the rules of ritual cleansing and performing them appropriately is one of the most important precepts in religion. Because only if all these rules are observed, it is possible to achieve the required purity for prayer. In the hadith of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) it is said: “Purification is the key to prayer.” Therefore, whoever neglects cleansing also neglects prayer.

About washing

Washing away (in Arabic istinja) is a mandatory removal until all wet secretions from the anterior and anus are completely cleansed.

Allocations can be ordinary (urine, feces) and unusual (ointment, vadyu). If a person has emitted only intestinal gases, then washing is not necessary. Incomplete purification from urine is one of the causes of torment in the grave. Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Protect the body and clothes from getting urine on them, since most of the torment in the grave is due to a neglectful attitude towards cleansing from it. ».

After urination has stopped, in order to fully verify this, it is desirable (sunnah) to perform istibra by coughing, squeezing the urethra, squatting, etc. Istibra- this is the release of urine remaining in the urethra after the cessation of its excretion. If a person knows that the excretion of urine has not stopped, then he is obliged to get rid of it completely.

Istinja is performed with clean water suitable for purification or by rubbing with pebbles (three or one that has at least three faces), the latter - provided that the impurities have not spread beyond the passage and have not dried up. If this happens, then water must be used for purification.

Any object can replace a stone if it is rough, dense (not loose), clean (not contaminated with najas), dishonorable. For example, paper napkins. Smooth objects such as glass are not suitable for this purpose. An item of honor, such as a piece of paper containing information about Islam, etc., should also not be used to remove impurities. When removing them, it is necessary to wipe the contaminated area at least three times, until completely cleansed. If the impurities are not removed after three times, then it should be wiped a fourth time. If after that the impurity was removed, then it is advisable to wipe it a fifth time (so that the number is odd).

When performing iningja, it is preferable to use a solid object first - stone or paper, and then water. You can use one of them: either water or stone, but it is better to use water.

When correcting a need in an open area, you can not turn your face or back towards the Kaaba. This is allowed only if there is an object no less than 2/3 of a cubit (about 35 cm) high in front, not more than three cubits (about 1.5 m). As for places specially designed for this purpose (toilets), it is not forbidden to turn towards the Kaaba in them, but it is better not to do this. It is also undesirable to defecate under fruit-bearing trees, because the fruit may fall on the sewage and become dirty. If the tree belongs to some stranger, then emptying yourself under it (without permission) is a sin.

It is also undesirable to defecate on the road and in the shade, where people can stop to rest, as this can cause a curse. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Beware of two curses ". He was asked: “O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), what two curses?” He replied: " Defecate on the road or in the shade ". This rule also applies to places where a person can warm himself under the sun in winter.

In short, things that make people uncomfortable should be avoided.

It is undesirable to urinate and empty the bowels into holes, both small and large, because they can be the dwelling place of jinn, dangerous beasts or other weak living creatures. It is also undesirable to talk when correcting a need. It is forbidden to urinate in the mosque, even in a vessel. It is highly discouraged to bring with you to the toilet items on which the names of Allah and His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) are written.

It is advisable (sunnah) before entering the toilet to ask for protection from Allah, saying the following words:

بِسْمِ اللهِ اَللّهُمَّ إِنّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْخُبُثِ وَ الْخَبائِثِ

« Bismillah , Allahumma inni a‘uzu bika minal-hubusi wal-habais ».

(I begin with the name of Allah. O Allah, I ask You for protection from male and female jinn).

come in it is desirable to go to the toilet with the left foot, and go out with the right, in contrast to how they enter and leave the mosque. After leaving the toilet, it is advisable to say:

غُفْرانَكَ اَلْحَمْدُ لِلهِ الَّذي أَذْهَبَ عَنِّي الْأَذى وَعافاني

« Gufranaka, al-hamdu lillahi-llazi azhaba ‘annil-aza wa ‘afani ».

(I ask Allah for forgiveness. Praise be to Allah who freed me from harm and gave me health).

Partial body wash

Allah Almighty has said in the Holy Quran:

يأيّها الّذين آمنوا إذا قمتم إلى الصّلاة فاغسلوا وجوهكم و أيديكم إلى المرافق و امسحوا برءوسكم و أرجلكم إلى الكعبين

Meaning: " O you who believe, when you want to stand up for prayer, being without ablution, wash your faces and hands up to the elbows (inclusive), wipe your heads (i.e. part) and wash your feet up to the ankles (inclusive) ».

Know that partial body ablution (wuzu) also has certain conditions (shuruts) and includes obligatory (lasso) and desirable (sunnah) actions. Mandatory items are those without which the ablution is invalid. Recommended - those in case of failure to perform ablution is valid, but for the observance of these actions a reward is given. Next, we will talk about the conditions of ablution, about the method of its implementation, listing the arcana and sunnahs.

Conditions for partial ablution

The conditions for partial body washing are:

1. The presence of clean and suitable for washing natural water.

2. Water should flow around all washable parts of the body.

3. Absence of impurities and substances on the washable parts of the body that can change the color, taste, smell of clean water.

4. The absence of any insulator on the washable parts of the body (for example, varnish, glue, paint, etc.) that prevents water from coming into contact with one or another part of the body being washed.

5. It is necessary to realize the obligation of this ablution.

6. It is necessary to know which actions of ablution are obligatory components (lasso), and which are desirable (sunnah).

In addition, patients who suffer from incontinence of urine, gases, feces, including women who are in a state of istihaza, while performing a partial washing of the body, must also observe the following conditions:

1. Wait for the time to pray.

2. Wash yourself.

3. Immediately after washing, men need to close the opening of the penis with a cotton swab. Cotton wool will absorb drops of secretions and prevent them from seeping out. Or it is necessary to wrap the penis with something that does not let moisture out if the discharge is plentiful. A woman should insert a cotton swab into her vagina if she is not fasting. If you are fasting, then you should simply close the genital organ with something that does not let the discharge out.

4. Immediately after this, you should quickly perform ablution.

5. After ablution, you must immediately perform prayer.

The state of a person who is in such circumstances is called "permanent minor hadath." In the same way, for each obligatory prayer, he must renew his ablution. We should not forget that clothes, including underwear, must be clean.

The procedure for performing a partial ablution

1. Ablution begins with the washing of the hands. While washing them, it is recommended to say: “A‘uzu billahi mina-shchaytani-rrajim” and “Bismillahi-rrahmani-rrahim” and wash your hands, including your wrists, three times.

3. It is necessary to have an appropriate intention for obligatory ablution. When the water touches your face, make the intention with your heart: "I intend to perform the duties of wudu (or wudu) for the sake of Allah." However, it is desirable (sunnah) to pronounce the intention with the tongue first.

When washing the face, as well as other washed parts of the body, there are no obligatory prayers that must be read, so you can start by saying the Shahada. In the future, it is desirable to learn additional special prayers.

4. Further, an obligatory component of ablution is washing the face (skin and hair) completely: from the roots of the hair on the head to the chin, inclusive, from one ear to the other. A thick beard is enough to wash superficially (not to the roots). It is also recommended to wash your face three times.

6. Then be sure to wipe the part of the head once with a hand moistened with water, but it is advisable to wipe it three times and completely.

8. Be sure to wash your feet, including the ankles. In this case, the water should pass between the toes. To do this, the little finger of the left hand from the bottom side is carried out between the toes from right to left. Then the left leg is washed in the same way with the left hand. It is recommended to wash them three times, starting with the right foot.

This completes the ablution.

Mandatory acts of partial ablution

Of the actions of partial body washing described above, six are obligatory:

1. Intention. It must be expressed with the heart at the same time as washing the face, but it is advisable to pronounce it out loud. It is also necessary to realize the obligation of this ablution. If you started washing your face before you made the intention, then it is imperative to repeat the washing along with the intention.

2. Full face wash - from the roots of the hair to the chin, from one ear to the other, including the hair growing on the face: eyebrows, eyelashes, mustache, hair on the temples and those that grow on the forehead. If a man has a thick beard (through which the skin is not visible), it is enough to wash it superficially.

3. Washing hands - from fingertips to elbows inclusive.

4. Wiping a part of the head - skin or hair, provided that the hair being wiped was directly on the border of the head.

5. Washing the feet, including the ankles.

6. Fulfillment of these obligatory points of ablution strictly in the named sequence.

Circumstances that violate partial ablution

Partial washing of the body is violated by the following circumstances:

1. Discharge from the anterior or anus, whether ordinary discharge (urine, feces and air) or unusual (stones, worms, ointment and vadya), other than semen (which does not interfere with partial body washing). In this case, it is necessary to perform a full body ablution.

2. Touching the skin of a person of the opposite sex older than 6-7 years without an insulator, with the exception of close relatives (mahrams), with whom, according to Shariah, one cannot marry (mother, father, sister, brother, mother of the wife, foster sister ...). To deliberately touch the skin of a stranger and a non-mahram woman (ajnabiyyah) other than the wife is a sin, and there is no difference between a young woman or an old woman who does not cause arousal. When touching a little girl up to six or seven years old, who does not cause excitement in a normal man, ablution is not disturbed. Wudu is not broken by touching the teeth, nails or hair of another woman, although it is a sin if done intentionally. Wudu is not disturbed by touching the skin of an outside woman through an insulator (for example, gloves).

3. Loss of reason, consciousness and the onset of sleep. Whoever lost consciousness, mind, was in a state of severe intoxication or fell asleep, his ablution is violated. An exception is if a person was sleeping, clinging to the seat so tightly that it was impossible for intestinal gases to escape. Drowsiness does not break ablution. Drowsiness is a state in which a person hears the speech of others, but does not understand it well.

4. Direct touch with the palm of the hand to the human genital organs or the ring of the anus, one's own or someone else's, regardless of age and gender. The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever touches his genitals, let him perform ablution before performing prayer.”

Palm- this is the side of the hand that will not be visible if you connect the inside of the hands, while spreading the fingers. Touching the buttocks and non-human genitals does not invalidate ablution. Also, ablution is not broken by touching the genitals with the back of the hand or touching through an insulator.

The state of a person who is in one of these circumstances is called a "small hadas".

It is forbidden to perform namaz, tawaf (walking around the Kaaba), touch the Koran (but you can read without touching it) and wear it if you violate the partial washing of the body.

Desirable actions of partial ablution

Desirable actions when performing a partial body ablution are:

1. sit facing the Kaaba;

2. Say: “Istiaza”, “Shahada” and then “Basmala” before starting ablution.

3. wash your hands before dipping them into a vessel of water that will be used for ablution (even if your hands are clean);

4. brush your teeth with a sivak (the best sivak is the twigs and roots of the arak tree);

5. Rinse your mouth and nose and blow your nose. It is better to rinse them at the same time, with three handfuls of water, diligently if you do not fast;

6. wash your face beyond its borders;

7. wash hands and feet above the mandatory limits (i.e. hands to the shoulders and legs to the knees);

8. wipe completely the hair on the head. To do this, it is advisable to attach the thumbs to the temples, and the index fingers to the forehead, and wipe the hair with them to the back of the head and back;

9. Wipe your ears inside and out. This is done as follows: the index fingers are placed in the ear holes and rotated several times, the outer part, i.e. the back of the ear, is wiped with the thumbs, after which it is advisable to slightly press the ears with wet palms. It is advisable to wipe them three times, each time renewing the water;

10. rub between fingers and toes;

11. wash a thick beard to the roots of the hair;

12. start from the right side (for example, if you wash your hands, then wash the right first, then the left);

13. rinse each washable part three times;

14. wash with wipe;

15. wash the next organ before the previous one dries;

16. do not waste water beyond measure;

17. drink some of the water left after washing;

The ablution of one who does not perform the sunnah, limiting himself to obligatory actions, is accepted, but he misses out on many rewards. It is also desirable that the intention be preserved until the completion of ablution.

The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever performed ablution as ordered and performed the prayer as ordered, minor sins committed (during the period of time between two obligatory prayers) are forgiven him ».

Undesirable actions of partial ablution

Undesirable actions (karaha) when performing ablution are:

1. washing parts of the body more or less three times;

2. washing first the left parts of the body, and then the right ones (for example, first wash the left hand, and then the right);

3. shaking water from body parts;

4. wiping the washed parts of the body with a towel unnecessarily;

5. so that another person pours water during ablution, if this is not necessary;

6. performing ablution with water strongly heated in the sun in a copper vessel (in hot countries);

7. conducting extraneous conversations during ablution;

8. performing ablution in a dirty place (for example, in a toilet), where dirty splashes can get on the body and clothes;

9. deep rinsing of the mouth and nose during fasting, in which water can get inside;

10. It is undesirable for a fasting person to use a sivak after midday prayer;

11. Excessive consumption of water (i.e. more or less than 1 liter for a partial ablution).

Full body wash

Full body washing (ghusl), according to Shariah, is washing the whole body with running water with a specific intention, that is, a mandatory ritual bathing.

There are five circumstances after the occurrence of which it is necessary to perform bathing for prayer, etc. These five circumstances in themselves are not a reason for immediately performing bathing. That is, if a person is in a state of defilement (junub), he is not obliged to immediately do a full body ablution, although this is highly desirable. Bathing becomes obligatory with the onset of prayer time.

Imam al-Bukhari narrated in his collection that Abu Salama said: “I asked Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) whether the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) fell asleep in a state of junub (as a result of sexual intercourse). Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) replied: “Yes, but before that he performed a partial ablution.” So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) rarely acted so that people knew that this was not prohibited in Sharia.

Some ignorant people say that if a person in a state of defilement leaves the house without performing a full body bath, then every hair on his body curses him. This is a lie that is contrary to religion. The proof is the story of Abu Hurairah, transmitted in the collection of Imam al-Bukhari: “When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) met me, I was in a state of defilement, he took my hand, and we went together. When we sat down, I quietly went to my dwelling, did a full body ablution, and then returned to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). He was still sitting. When I approached, he asked: "Where have you been, O Abu Hurairah?" I told him that I was able to junub, so I left. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Subhanallah! O Abu Hurairah, a true believer does not become najas."

Ritual bathing must be performed in the following cases:

1. After semen extraction.

2. After intercourse, even if there was no semen. Sexual intercourse, according to Shariah, is the penetration of the head of the penis into the vagina.

3. After the death of a person.

4. After the cessation of menstruation - cyclic discharge of blood from the uterus in a healthy girl, woman.

5. At the end of postpartum discharge (bleeding after the uterus is released from the fetus).

6. After childbirth or miscarriage, due to the origin of the child from the mixing of male and female sperm. That is, even if the birth was dry and there was no discharge after them, it is still necessary to swim.

A person who needs to bathe due to the first or second circumstance is called a junub. And the state of one who is in one of these five circumstances is called a "great hadas." Junub is forbidden to do everything that is forbidden to do in case of violation of partial ablution, as well as reading the Koran (even without touching it) and staying in the mosque.

Note : It should be noted that when performing a full ablution, the same conditions (shuruts) must be observed that must be observed when performing a partial ablution. Also, the undesirable (karaha) actions in both ablutions are basically identical.

Mandatory bathing activities

The obligatory actions of ritual bathing, without which it is considered invalid, are:

1. Intention. It distinguishes habit from worship (ibadah), its place is in the heart, and it is done mentally. However, it is desirable to pronounce it aloud. The intention is made simultaneously with the beginning of washing the body: “I intend to perform an obligatory full ablution for the sake of Allah” or “... remove a big hadas”, etc. If a person made an intention only after washing any part of the body, then it is necessary to wash it anew, with intent.

2. Washing all external parts of the body (skin and hair, regardless of their thickness) with clean and cleanable water. Water must flow around the entire body completely.

Note : A person who is sure that he has no reason to perform a full ablution of the body, in no case should he bathe with the intention of taking a big hadah.

Desirable bathing activities

Desirable actions when performing ritual bathing are:

1. facing towards Qibla;

2. pronunciation: "Istiaz", "Shahada" and "Basmaly" before bathing. It is advisable to pronounce these words before a full ablution;

3. performing a partial ablution before bathing. At the same time, washing the feet can be postponed until the end of the bath so as not to waste excess water;

4. start ablution from the right side. Pre-moisten the hair three times, then wash the right half front and back, then the left half and repeat this three times;

5. rinsing the mouth and nose, even if you did it with a partial ablution;

6. body wash with rubbing;

7. washing the next organ before the previous one dries;

8. saving water (it is undesirable to spend it excessively);

9. reading "Shahada" and prayer after bathing (the same prayer that is read after partial ablution).

To someone who washes completely naked, when undressing, it is advisable to say:

بِسْمِ اللهِ الَّذي لا اِلهَ اِلاّ هُوَ

"Bismillahi-llazi la ilaha illa huva"

(With the name of Allah, except Whom there is nothing worthy of worship). These words protect a person from the eyes of the jinn.

Rules for ablution for those who have a bandage on

A bandage is a material that is applied to a wound. Muslim jurists by this word mean any material that can be used to cover a wound or injured place as needed, for example, plaster, bandage, etc.

If the applied bandage also covers a healthy part of the body, then this is only allowed to secure the bandage applied to the injured area, provided that the minimum necessary healthy part of the body is occupied.

Whoever has a bandage that is dangerous to remove, he wipes it with a hand dipped in water, then performs tayammum. For example, if someone has a disease in his right leg and needs to perform ablution, then he washes his face, hands and wipes his head. Then he washes healthy areas of the right leg. After that, with wet hands, strokes the bandage. Then he washes his left foot and then performs tayammum. This tayammum replaces the washing of the diseased area, and wiping the bandage replaces the washing of the healthy part of the body that is isolated by it.

If the bandage was applied to those parts of the body that are not wiped during tayammum, and at that time the person was in a state of ablution (tahara), he does not need to refund the prayer. And in the event that the bandage was applied not in a state of ablution, he needs to repeat the prayer. In any case, prayer must be refunded if the bandage was applied to the parts of the body that are wiped during tayammum (hands or face).

A person who is bandaged in a state of defilement (junub) can choose either to perform a full ablution before tayammum, or, conversely, tayammum before a full ablution, since there is no order in the sequence of washing the body in a full ablution. But it is advisable to start with tayammum. Performing a full ablution, they wash the exposed (without plaster or bandage) parts of the body, and the bandage is stroked with a wet hand.

Note . Prayer does not need to be refunded in the following cases:

When performing tayammum due to lack of water where it is rare;

When performing tayammum for the reason that water is only enough for drinking;

If there is water for money, but there is no way to purchase it;

If water is sold more expensive than is usually the case in the area;

Access to water is closed by the enemy or there is some other danger;

The use of water can lead to complications, slow recovery, deterioration of health, loss of efficiency of any organ.

Types of tayammum

Tayammum is of the following types:

1. Allowed, but not required. If a person does not have water, except for that which is sold at a higher price than usual, he is allowed not to buy it, even if he has such an opportunity, but to perform tayammum.

2. Mandatory. Tayammum is obligatory in the absence of water or in the event that the use of water will cause obvious harm to the body, that is, if a person can get sick or the disease can last.

Lack of water means, firstly, its inaccessibility due to any obstacles, for example, due to predatory animals or the enemy. Or there is water, but it is only enough for drinking, in which case you can do tayammum.

Secondly, the apparent lack of water, when a person does not find it in a nearby area with a radius of about 150 meters. In this case, the obligation to search for water is removed from him if he is convinced that there is none. If he assumes that his companions have water, then he should ask them for it or even buy it if he can. If they do not have water, then he inspects the area around within a radius of 150 meters. If he is sure that there is water at a distance of no more than 6000 steps, then he is obliged to look for it, and if he failed to get water, then only after that is tayammum allowed.

Conditions required to perform tayammum:

1. The onset of prayer time.

2. Determining the Qibla before the start of Tayammum.

3. Use of clean earth containing dust.

It is forbidden to perform tayammum with soil that contains impurities (for example, urine got into it); used land, that is, that with which tayammum has already been performed; mixed with substances such as flour, etc.

Tayammum order

The performer of tayammum must be sure that the ground contains dust and has not previously been used for tayammum.

1. Be sure to strike the ground with your palms and make the intention: "I intend to perform tayammum in order to be able to perform the obligatory prayer." Intention arises at the moment the hands touch the ground and continues until the face is touched.

2. Wipe the entire face with dust left on the palms from the ground.

3. Once again hit the ground with your palms and wipe both hands with them (the part that is washed during partial ablution).

It is recommended to wipe the right hand first, and then the left. It is imperative to be sure that the earth has reached all the wiped parts of the right and left hands, as well as the face. Otherwise, tayammum must be performed again.

Obligatory actions of tayammum

1. Transferring earth dust to the part of the body to be wiped.

2. Intention (for example, performing tayammum in order to have the right to perform obligatory prayer, or to have the right to walk around the Kaaba (tawaf), or to have the right to touch the Qur'an). The intention must be made at the moment the hands touch the ground, and it must remain until touching any part of the face.

3. Wiping the face: if a person has a beard, it is rubbed superficially.

4. Rubbing hands up to and including the elbows.

5. Compliance with this sequence. If the hands were wiped before the face was wiped, then such tayammum is considered invalid.

Desirable actions of tayammum

1. Say "Istiaza" and "Basmala".

2. Spread your fingers before each stroke.

3. First wipe the right hand, then the left.

4. Do not take long breaks between wiping parts of the body.

5. Perform salat immediately after performing tayammum. However, this condition becomes obligatory for those who have a permanent hadath. Because with a constant hadath, prayer must be performed immediately after performing ablution.

6. At the first blow, it is desirable (sunnah) to remove the ring from the finger, if any, and be sure to remove it at the second blow, so that the finger is not isolated from earthen dust.

Circumstances that violate tayammum

1. Tayammum violates everything that violates the partial ablution of the body (wudu).

2. Detection of water during prayer.

If a person makes tayammum without finding water where there is usually a lot of it, and then during the prayer he sees water, then his tayammum is violated. If the appearance of water is rare in this place, then he continues the prayer. But it is better in this case to perform ablution, and then perform prayer.

3. Apostasy.

Whoever performed tayammum without finding water in the area where it usually happens, then he needs to repeat all the prayers performed with tayammum. And if he was in a place where water is rare, then he should not reimburse prayers.

Tayammum must be done before each obligatory prayer, and it is impossible, after performing tayammum once, to perform more than one obligatory prayer. However, with one tayammum, additional prayers (nawafil) can be performed as much as you like.

It was narrated from Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him!) the following: “ Tayammum is performed for every obligatory prayer, even if there was no hadas (circumstances that violate ablution) ” .

In the absence of water and land, or the ability to observe other conditions of prayer, obligatory prayer is performed as a sign of respect for the time of prayer, even without wudu (or without observing other conditions). But then, when water (but not land) is found or the opportunity to fulfill other conditions is provided, this prayer is performed as a duty.

According to the interpretation of the madhhab of Abu Hanifa, taharat is a purification from the violation of ablution and from what one cannot pray with. This purity can be brought about by all kinds of water (rain, mineral (coming out of the ground), river, sea, well, flowing (from ravines, etc.), melt (snow, ice).