Dimensions T10. Select the overall LED lamps W5W T10. Brief specifications

Modern combat tanks of Russia and world photo, video, clip art pictures This article gives an idea of \u200b\u200ba modern tank park. It is based on the principle of classification used in the most authoritative directory to date, but in a somewhat modified and improved form. And if the latter in its original form can still be found in the army of a number of countries, then others have already become a museum exhibit. And just for 10 years! To follow the footsteps of the Jane's reference book and do not consider this fighting machine (quite a curious on design and fiercely discussed in due time), which constituted the basis of the tank fleet of the last quarter of the 20th century, the authors considered unfair.

Films about tanks where there is still no alternative to this type of weapons of the ground forces. The tank was and, probably, for a long time will remain modern weapons due to the ability to combine such, it would seem that there would be conflicting qualities as high mobility, powerful weapons and reliable protection crew. These unique qualities of tanks continue to be constantly improving, and the experience gained over decades and technology predetermine new binding combat properties and achievements of the military-technical level. In the enerver confrontation "Shell - Armor", as practice shows, protection against the projectile is increasingly improving, acquiring new qualities: activity, multi-layered, self-defense. At the same time, the projectile becomes more accurate and powerful.

Russian tanks are specific to what makes it possible to destroy the enemy from a safe distance for themselves, have the opportunity to make quick maneuvers on off-road, infected area, can "walk" around the territory busy enemy, seize the decisive bridgehead, bring panic to the rear and suppress the enemy by fire and caterpillars . The war of 1939-1945 became the most severe test for all mankind, since almost all countries of the world were involved in it. It was the Battle of Titananov - the most unique period about which theorists argued in the early 1930s and during which the tanks were used in large quantities of almost all the warring parties. At that time, "checking for stitching" and the deep reform of the first theories of the application of tank troops took place. And it is Soviet tank troops that all this is affected to the greatest extent.

Tanks in battle that became a symbol of the past war, the ridge of Soviet armored troops? Who and in what conditions created them? How the USSR who lost most His European territories and with difficulty gutting the tanks for the defense of Moscow, was already able to release powerful tank connections on the battle fields? This question is designed to answer these questions, which tells about the development of Soviet tanks "in days of testing", from the 1937 The beginning of 1943, when writing a book, materials were used by the materials of the archives of Russia and private collections of tank builders. In our story there was a period that was postponed in my memory with some oppressive feeling. He began with the return of our first military advisers from Spain, and it stopped only at the beginning of the forty-third, "said the former General Designer Sau L. Gorlitsky," some pregnant state felt.

Tanks of the Second World War, M. Koshkin, almost underground (but, of course, with the support of "the wisest of the wise leader of all nations"), he was able to create that tank that a few years later would plunge into the shock of German tank outs. And moreover, he did not just create it, the designer managed to prove with this foolish-war, what exactly his T-34 needs them, and not another wheeling-catering "highway. The author is in several other positions that have been formed after his acquaintance with the prevaign Documents of RGVA and RGAE. Therefore, working on this segment of the history of the Soviet tank, the author will inevitably contradict some of the "generally accepted". This work describes the history of Soviet tank buildings in the most difficult years - from the beginning of the radical restructuring of the entire activities of the design bureau and drug addicts in general, During a mad race to equip new RKKA tank joints, the transfer of industry on the rails of wartime and evacuation.

Tanks Wikipedia The author wants to express his special thanks for help in the selection and processing of M. Kolomyan's materials, as well as thank A. Sollyankina, I. Zholtov and M. Pavlova, - authors of the reference edition "Domestic armored cars. XX century. 1905 - 1941" Since this book helped to understand the fate of some projects, unclear before. I also want to remember with gratitude those conversations with Lvi-Iravelich Gorlitsky, the former chief designer of UTOS, who helped to take a fresh look at the entire history of the Soviet tank during the Great Patriotic War Soviet Union. Today, for some reason, it is customary to talk about 1937-1938. Only from the point of view of repression, but few remember that it was during this period those tanks were born that became the legends of the military pore ... "from the memoirs of L.I. Gorling.

Soviet tanks Detailed assessment about them of that time sounded from many mouths. Many old people remembered that it was from events in Spain to everyone it became clear that the war was closer to the threshold and to fight for Hitler. In 1937, mass purges and repression in the USSR began and, against the background of these difficult events, the Soviet tank began to turn from the "mechanized cavalry" (in which one of its combat qualities was succumbed by reducing others) to a balanced combat machine, having at the same time powerful weapons, Sufficient to suppress most of the goals, good patency and mobility with armor protection capable of maintaining its combat capability when shelling the most massive anti-tank agents of the likely enemy.

Big tanks were recommended to introduce additionally only special tanks - floating, chemical. The brigade now had 4 separate battalions of 54 tanks and was strengthened by the transition from three-alone platoons to the Pyattannakov. In addition, D. Pavlov substantiated from the Kazakhs from the formation in 1938 to four existing machines of three more additionally, believing that these compounds are low and difficult to manage, and most importantly - require other organization of the rear. Tactical and technical requirements for promising tanks, as expected, were adjusted. In particular, in a letter dated December 23, the head of the KB of Plant No. 185. CM. Kirov new chief demanded to strengthen the booking of new tanks so that 600-800 meters at a distance (efficient range).

The newest tanks of the world in the design of new tanks should be envisaged to increase the level of armor protection during the modernization of at least one step ... "This task could be solved by two ways first, by an increase in armor-sheet thickness and, secondly," applying armor armor Rescuffs. "It is not difficult to guess that the second way was considered more promising, since the use of specially hardened armor-leafs, or even a two-layer armor, could, with the preservation of the previous thickness (and the masses of the tank as a whole) to raise its resistance of 1.2-1.5 Once this way. It is this way (the use of especially hardened armor) and was chosen at that moment to create new types of tanks.

The Tanks of the USSR at the dawn of the tank production most massively used armor, the properties of which in all directions were identical. Such an armor was called homogeneous (homogeneous), and from the very beginning of armor cases, the masters sought to create precisely such armor, because uniformity ensured the stability of the characteristics and simplified the processing. However, at the end of the XIX century it was noted that when saturating the surface of the armor plate (to a depth of several tenths to a few millimeters), its surface strength rises with carbon and silicon, while the rest of the slab remained viscous. So the use of heterogeneous (inhomogeneous) armor was entered.

Military tanks The use of heterogeneous armor was very important, since an increase in the hardness of the entire thickness of the armored leaf led to a decrease in its elasticity and (as a result) to an increase in fragility. Thus, the most durable armor, with other things being equal, turned out to be very fragile and often spoiled even from gaps of fragant-burglar shells. Therefore, at the dawn of armored production in the manufacture of homogeneous sheets, the Metallurg problem was to achieve the highest possible hardness of the armor, but not to lose its elasticity. Superficially strengthened by carbon and silicon, armor was named cemented (cement) and was considered to be a panacea from many troubles at that time. But cementation is a complex, harmful process (for example, the processing of a shovel of a luminary gas stream) and relatively expensive, and therefore its development in the series required high costs and improving production culture.

Tank of military years Even in operation, these corps were less successful than homogeneous, since without visible, there were cracks (mainly in loaded seams), and it was very difficult to put the patchwork on the reasons in the cement plates during the repair. But it was still expected that the tank, protected by 15-20 mm cementing armor, will be equivalent in the level of protection as the same, but covered with 22-30 mm sheets, without a significant increase in mass.
Also, by the mid-1930s, the surface of relatively thin corpulates was learned in the tank construction, known since the end of the XIX century in shipbuilding as the "Krupp method". Surface hardening led to a significant increase in the hardness of the front of the front of the sheet, leaving the main turn of the armor viscous.

As they shoot the video tanks up to half the stove thickness, which was, of course, worse than cementation, since despite the fact that the hardness of the surface layer was higher than during cementation, the elasticity of the hull sheets was significantly reduced. So the "method of Krupp" in the tank construction allowed the strength of the armor even a little more than cementation. But that technologies for quenching, which was used for large thicknesses, was no longer suitable for relatively fine armor tanks. Before the war, this method was almost no applied in our serial tank building due to technological difficulties and relatively high cost.

The combat use of tanks most spent for tanks was a 45-mm tank gun of the 1932/34 GG. (20K), and before the event in Spain it was believed that its power is enough to fulfill most tank problems. But the battles in Spain showed that a 45-mm gun can only be satisfied with the task of combating enemy tanks, since even the shelling of a living force in the conditions of the mountains and the forest turned out to be ineffective, and it was possible to deal with an octoral enemy firepoint only in case of direct hit . The shooting on shelters and feeding was ineffective due to the small fugasal action of the projectile weighing only about two kg.

Tanks of tanks: Even one projectile hit reliably outlook the anti-tank gun or machine gun; And thirdly, in order to increase the probable effect of a tank gun on a probable enemy armor, as on the example of the French tanks (already had a thickness of armor of about 40-42 mm) it became clear that armor protection of foreign combat vehicles tends to significantly increase. To do this, there was a faithful way - an increase in the caliber of tank guns and the simultaneous increase in the length of their trunk, since the long gun of greater caliber leads fire with heavier shells with a greater initial speed for a greater distance without correcting the tip.

The best world tanks had a large caliber gun, also has a large size of the government part, much greater weight and an increased return response. And this required an increase in the mass of the entire tank as a whole. In addition, the accommodation in the closed volume of the tank of large on the dimensions of the shots led to a decrease in the next ammunition.
The situation was aggravated by the fact that at the beginning of 1938 he suddenly turned out to be an order for the design of a new, more powerful tank gun just no one. P. Syagintov and his whole design group were repressed, as well as the Bolshevik KB kernel under the leadership of Magdeesiyev. Only the S. Mahanov group remained in the wild, which since the beginning of 1935 tried to bring his new 76.2-mm semi-automatic uniform weapon of L-10, and the collective of the plant No. 8 slowly brought the "Sorokatka".

Photo of tanks with titles The number of developments is large, but in mass production in the period 1933-1937. Not a single ... ". In fact, none of five tank diesel engines air coolingWorking on which was carried out in 1933-1937. In the motor department of the plant No. 185, he was not brought to the series. Moreover, despite decisions on the highest levels about the transition in tank building exclusively on diesel enginesThis process contained a number of factors. Of course, Diesel had significant efficiency. It consumed a smaller amount of fuel per unit of power per hour. Diesel fuel is less susceptible to fire, as the outflow temperature of its vapor was very high.

New Tanks Video Even the most brought from them, the MT-5 tank engine required for the serial release of the engine production, which was expressed in the construction of new workshops, the supply of advanced foreign equipment (there was no need for the necessary accuracy), financial investments and strengthening personnel. It was planned that in 1939 this diesel capacity of 180 hp It will go to serial tanks and artillery tractors, but because of the investigative work to clarify the reasons for accidents of tank engines, which lasted from April to November 1938, these plans were not fulfilled. The development of a slightly enlarged hexylinder gasoline motor No. 745 with a capacity of 130-150 hp

The brands of tanks with specific indicators that have satisfied the tank builders. Testing tanks were carried out on a new methodology specially developed at the insistence of the new chief Abta D. Pavlov in relation to the combat service in wartime. The basis of the test was running a length of 3-4 days (at least 10-12 hours of daily non-stop motion) with a one-day interruption for technical inspection and production of restoration work. Moreover, the repair was allowed to produce only the forces of field workshops without attracting factory experts. Then followed the "platform" with obstacles, "bathing" in water with an additional load, imitating the infantry landing, after which the tank went to the examination.

Super tanks online after work on improving, it seemed to be filmed with tanks all the claims. And the general course of the test confirmed the principal correctness of the main changes in the design - an increase in the displacement of 450-600 kg, the use of the gas-M1 engine, as well as the transmission and suspension "Komsomolts". But during the tests, numerous small defects were again manifested in the tanks. The chief designer N. Astrov was removed from the work and for several months was in custody and consequence. In addition, the tank received a new tower of improved protection. The modified layout allowed to place on the tank more amplifier to the machine gun and two small fire extinguishers (before the fire extinguishers on small tanks there were no RKKA).

Tanks of the United States in the framework of work on modernization, on a single sample tank in 1938-1939. Testing the torsion suspension, developed by the designer KB of the plant No. 185 V. Kulikov. It was distinguished by the design of a composite short coaxial Torsion (long monotors could not be used coaxially). However, such short torsion on tests showed not enough good results, and therefore the torsion suspension during further work did not immediately pace his way. Overcome obstacles: Rises of at least 40 degrees, vertical wall 0.7m, overlapped 2-2.5 m.

YouTube pro tanks work on the manufacture of prototypes of engines D-180 and D-200 for reconnaissance tanks are not underway, putting under threat of output of prototypes. "Justifying your choice, N. Asters said that the wheel-tracked lack of intelligence officer (factory designation 101 or 10-1), as well as the version of the amphibious tank (factory designation 102 or 10-2), are a compromise solution, since it is not possible to satisfy AbTA requirements to be fully possible. Embodiment 101 was a tank mass of 7.5 tons with a case By type of hull, but with vertical on-board sheets of cement arm with a thickness of 10-13 mm, since: "Inclinedboard, causing a serious weighting of the suspension and the housing, require a significant (up to 300 mm) of the corps, not to mention the complication of the tank.

Video reviews of tanks in which the power unit of the tank was planned to perform on the basis of the 250-strong aircraft model MG-31F, which was mastered by the industry for agricultural aircraft and autogyros. Gasoline of the 1st grade was located in the tank under the floor of the combat department and in additional onboard gas tanks. The weapon fully responded to the task and consisted of 12.7-mm dugenic machine guns of 12.7-mm and DT (in the second version of the project even the cabin) of the caliber of 7.62-mm. The combat mass of the tank with a torsion suspension was 5.2 tons, with a spring - 5.26 tons. The tests took place from July 9 to August 21 according to the methodology approved in 1938, and special attention Did not pay tanks.

Industrial tracked tractor 10 traction class. Tractor T 10 successfully functions in any climatic conditions. It is an improved T-170 tractor model.

The release of tractors in this series was launched in 2003, in July. After the start of the production of this model of the tractor, developments began to improve it. After a while was developed new model tractor. Nowadays, about 80 modifications of the base tractor T-10 of various modifications and complete sets are produced.

The main thing is mainly tested by technical camraffic tractors of the T-10 series. Compared to their predecessors, they are to use more improved and powerful engines on tractors. The power of the new engine is about 180 horse power, increased by 25% torque stock. The T-10 series tractors use a new four-stroke engine on D180 diesel fuel with turbocharging. He also possesses three stages of power, liquid cooling and air cleaner two-stage. This type of engine can use not only diesel fuel, but also kerosene and gas condensate. Depending on the conditions of application, the T 10 tractor engine is supplied with two launch systems: carburetor and electrostarter. To simplify the launch system in difficult conditions, the T-10 tractor provides the ability to preheater and other different special means, simplifying life to the operator. Thanks to these useful functions, the T 10 tractor can be used in a wide variety of climatic conditions.

Depending on where you plan to use the tractor on it, the transmission of two types is installed: mechanical transmission or hydromechanical.

In addition, the T-10 has a welded frame system and a television chassis system, which uses a three-point seven-party suspension with micro-modeling. It is due to this design that the rational distribution of the mass of the undercoming apparatus is ensured when jointly with hinged equipment.

Brief specifications:

• Engine - D-180
• Power, hp - 170 hp
• Trolley - 5-rolle
• Transmission - mechanical
• Starting Engine - PD-23
• Trailer device - hard
• Specific fuel consumption, g / kW * h (g / l. P.) - 218 (160)
• Specific pressure on the soil, MPa - 0.076
• Pitch, mm - Pitch, mm
• Base, mm - 2517
• Mass, kg - 15000
• Overall dimensions, mm - 4600x2480x3180

Detailed specifications:

T-10 tractor motor
Applied on T-10 M tractors, the D180 engine with an increased to 180 hp Power and increased up to 25% torque reserves increased the efficiency of the use of earthmoving units. Three stages of engine modifications are also promoted by its rational application.

The possibility of operation of the engine on various types of fuel (diesel, kerosene, gas condensate) make T-10 tractor and aggregates on its base are very effective in different regions. The engine, depending on the operating conditions, can be equipped with various start-up systems: electric starter and carburetor starting engine. It is possible to configure the preheater and other means of facilitating the start, which allows to operate the engine in climatic zones with an air temperature up to minus 50 ° C.

Transmission
The use of transmission of two types: hydromechanical and improved mechanical allow the consumer to make a choice depending on the specific conditions and requirements.

Hydromechanical transmission (index "0")
Provides automatic stepless adjustment of traction and speed depending on traction resistance.

Maximum traction effort and movement speed idle move Basic model tractor (T10.0000)

Mechanical transmission (index "1")

Main transmission, onboard friction, brakes and side gearboxes are the same as in a hydromechanical transmission.

Maximum traction efforts and velocities of tractors with mechanical transmission with an 180 hp engine. (at the nominal speed of the crankshaft rotation)

T-10 tractor carrier system
Frame, welded. The required rigidity is provided by the spatial design of the housing of onboard friction, to which the side members of the box cross section, a bumper and a balancing beam box, welded to spars are welded. The frame of the marsh modification has elongated spars.

T-10 tractor chassis
Television. Suspension of carts - semi-rigid three-point with a rigid balancing beam with micro-modeling. The use of such a suspension allows you to rationally use the mass of the undercarriage when working with bulldozer equipment and more efficiently, compared with the traditional spring suspension, use a bulldozer unit, especially on dense soils.

On the frames of the tracked carts from the pipes of the rectangular profile, the support and supporting rollers, a tensioning wheel and the mechanism of passing the caterpillars are installed.

For the standard (basic), the elongated chassis was adopted with six-tailed trolleys (instead of traditional tractors for tractors a traction class 10 pyatnakes). The use of it significantly improves the traction and coupling properties and improves the performance of the bulldozer-ripper unit. Semian trolleys are used on tractors to work on weak soils ("swamp"). Together with a width of 900 mm wide, they provide a significantly reduced specific pressure on the ground. Semian trolleys are also applied on tractors used as a base for pipe-layers TP12 and TP20 and under the trailer crane KP-25.

Electrical equipment tractor

Tractor cabin
Frame, installed on a vibration-insulated platform, has a modern design. A large area of \u200b\u200bglazing, the convenient location of the controls, ate, adjustable by weight and growth of the operator, the seat, the heater of the caloric type, sunscreen curtains, etc. provide increased comfort when working. On the instrument-safe instrument panel, pointers and alarms installed, allowing the operator to control the operation of all major tractor systems. The protective frame of the cab (ROPS-FOPS) protects the operator when tilting and from incident items. By order of the consumer can be equipped with air conditioning.

T-10 tractor hydraulic system
Separate-aggregate hydraulic system with gear type pump. The configuration of the hydraulic system, depending on the mounted equipment installed. The main hydraulic pump of the gear-type NSh-100 is installed on the engine and is driven from its distribution gear.

A full-flow filter with filtering elements "Regotma" has a 25 μm cleaning subtlety and installed on the discharge track.

P160 hydraulic distributor, three-rod, three-position.

Filling Tractor Tractors T-10 m

Additional equipment on T-10M tractors
At the request of the consumer, the T-10M tractor can be equipped with the following additional equipment:

Overall dimensions of the T-10 tractor
The overall dimensions of T-10M tractors of all modifications and packages are stacked in railway envelope.

The basic model has dimensions, mm:

Pitch of tractors of swamp modifications - 2280 mm. Width - 3230 mm.

Base of tractors with tracked trolleys:
- Picknames - 2517 mm
- Semicatured - 3225 mm.

Tractor mass T-10
The mass of serial models of T-10M tractors tractors is in the range of 14100 - 16760 kg.