The principle of operation of the cooling system of the engine is schematically. Liquid cooling system. Large and small circle of engine cooling system

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The cooling system is designed to cool the engine parts heated as a result of its operation. On modern cars, the cooling system, in addition to the main function, performs a number of other functions, including:

Depending on the cooling method, the following types of cooling systems are distinguished: liquid (closed), air (open) and combined. In system liquid cooling The heat from the heated parts of the engine is given by the flow of fluid. Aerial system For cooling uses air flow. The combined system combines the liquid and air system.

A liquid cooling system was obtained on cars the greatest distribution. This system Provides uniform and efficient cooling, and also has a smaller noise level. Therefore, the device and principle of the cooling system are considered on the example of a liquid cooling system.

The design of the cooling system of gasoline and diesel engines Like. The engine cooling system includes a plurality of elements, among which the coolant radiator, oil radiator, heater heat exchanger, radiator fan, centrifugal pump, and expansion tank and thermostat. In the cooling system circuit, the engine cooling shirt is enabled. To regulate the system operation, controls are used.

The radiator is designed to cool the heated coolant air flow. To increase the heat transfer, the radiator has a special tubular device.

Along with the main radiator in the cooling system, an oil radiator and the radiator of the exhaust gas recirculation system can be installed. Oil radiator serves to cool oil in the lubrication system.

The radiator of the exhaust gas recirculation system cools the exhaust gases than the decrease in the combustion temperature of the fuel-air mixture and the formation of nitrogen oxides. The operation of the exhaust gas radiator provides an additional coolant circulation pump included in the cooling system.

The heat exchanger of the heater performs the function opposite to the cooling system radiator. The heat exchanger heats through it, air. For efficient operation, the heater heat exchanger is installed directly at the output of the heated coolant from the engine.

To compensate for changes in the volume of coolant due to temperature in the system, an expansion tank is installed. Filling the coolant system is usually carried out through the expansion tank.

Circulation of coolant in the system is provided by a centrifugal pump. In everyday life, the centrifugal pump is called pompey. The centrifugal pump can have a different drive: gear, belt, etc. On some engines equipped with turbocharged, for cooling upward air and the turbocharger, an additional coolant circulation pump connected by the engine control unit is installed.

The thermostat is designed to adjust the amount of coolant passing through the radiator than the optimal temperature mode in the system is ensured. The thermostat is installed in the nozzle between the radiator and the "engine cooling shirt".

On powerful engines, a thermostat with electrical heating is installed, which provides two-stage control of the coolant temperature. For this, there are three working provisions in the design of the thermostat: closed, partially open and fully open. With the full load on the engine using electrical heating the thermostat, its full opening is performed. In this case, the temperature of the coolant decreases to 90 ° C, the engine's tendency to detonation decreases. In other cases, the coolant temperature is maintained within 105 ° C.

The radiator fan is used to increase the intensity of the cooling of the liquid in the radiator. The fan can have a different drive:

mechanical ( permanent connection S. crankshaft Engine);
electric ( controlled electric motor);
hydraulic ( hydromefta).

The highest distribution was obtained by an electric drive of the fan, providing ample opportunities for regulation.

Typical elements of the cooling system controls are the coolant temperature sensor, the electronic unit Management and various actuators.

The coolant temperature sensor captures the value of the controlled parameter and converts it to an electrical signal. To expand the functions of the cooling system (cooling of exhaust gases in the recycling system of exhaust gases, regulating the operation of the fan, etc.) at the outlet of the radiator is set additional sensor Coolant temperature.

Signals from the sensor receives an electronic control unit and converts them to control exposure to actuators. Used, as a rule, the engine control unit with set by the appropriate software.

The following actuators can be used in the management system: thermostat heater, coolant option relay, radiator fan control unit, engine cooling relay after stopping.

Principle of operation of the cooling system

The cooling system provides the engine control system. IN modern engines The work algorithm is implemented on the basis of mathematical modelwhich takes into account the various parameters (coolant temperature, oil temperature, outer temperature, etc.) and sets optimal conditions for the inclusion and operation time of structural elements.

The coolant in the system has a forced circulation, which the centrifugal pump provides. The movement of the fluid is carried out through the "shirt of the cooling" engine. In this case, the engine cooling and the heating of the coolant. The direction of fluid movement in the "cooling shirt" can be longitudinal (from the first cylinder to the last) or transverse (from the exhaust manifold to the inlet).

Depending on the temperature, the liquid circulates in a small or large circle. When the engine is started, the engine itself and the cooling fluid in it is cold. To accelerate the engine warming, the coolant moves along a small circle, bypassing the radiator. The thermostat is closed.

As the coolant is heated, the thermostat opens, and the coolant moves along a large circle - through the radiator. The heated fluid passes through the radiator, where it is cooled by the opposite stream of air. If necessary, the liquid is cooled by the flow of air from the fan.

After cooling, the liquid arrives at the engine cooling shirt. During the operation of the engine, the cycle of the coolant movement is repeated multiple times.

A double-circuit cooling system can be used on turbocharging cars, in which one contour is responsible for cooling the engine, the other for cooling the adequate air.

»Car engine cooling system, principle of operation, malfunction

The automotive engine cooling system is required to periodically check. Many significant car malfunctions cause engine overheating. The temperature of the combed fuel-air mixture reaches several thousand degrees. Accordingly, a large amount of heat is formed, which is required to be left, in order not to overheat the motor, which can lead to serious problems.

Engine overheating problems

Inefficient cooling system can lead to exceeding operating temperature Pistons, decrease thermal clearance Between the piston and the walls of the cylinder, right up to zero. It causes the housing of the cylinder wall piston, the formation of scratches, scratches. Also when overheated motor oil Loses lubricating properties, the oil film is broken. The engine may be swamped because of this.

Overheating of the cooling system and the engine is accompanied by different due to the various materials by the expansion of the GBC, the block and bolts of the mount, which leads to the destruction of the installation surface of the head, pulling the bolts, cracking the valves. It is clear that after such changes, the engine is difficult, and sometimes it is impossible.

Engine cooling fluids

A working cooling system should not allow overheating, but the use of high-quality cooling fluid is required for the normal functioning of the system. Non-freezing at low temperatures technical fluids called antifreeze (from English. Antifreeze). Today, antifreezes are made, as a rule, based on monoethylene glycol, which is a thick liquid with a boiling point of about 200 ° C.

The coolant problem is not only the cooling of the motor, but also heat transfer for the heating of the cabin, heating the fuel in winter. Car coolant should meet the following requirements:

do not freeze in the entire area of \u200b\u200bengine operating temperatures;
have high heat capacity and thermal conductivity;
do not form a foam;
do not eat plastic and rubber pipes;
do not damage seals;
lubricate, protect against corrosion parts of the cooling system and engine;
do not postpone the scale and other deposits of various types on the inner walls of the working surface of the cooling system

It is customary to distinguish the concepts of Tosol and Antifreeze. It is believed that Tosol is a finished product, and antifreeze is concentrate. Although, of course, according to the composition, this is the same, just with different names.

Automotive antifreeze are painted into noticeable, bright colors:

green,
orange, or shades of red
blue (blue),
turquoise

It is done for the sake of security, because antifreeze is very poisonous. As the liquid is used, it loses the necessary properties - gradually lubricating and anti-corrosion parameters are gradually lost, the tendency to the formation of foam increases.

Important: The life of antifreezes is within 2-7 years.

After the car of the car, together with the engine, starts its rotation of the cooling system pump (also called pump, water pump) Unless of course electronic connection Pump. In rotation, the pump is given by the belt of the gas distribution mechanism (TRM) or with a belt hinged equipment - It depends on the design of the engine of a particular model. The impeller of the water pump, rotating, pumps the coolant through the system. To quickly access the operating temperature in the car cooling system, a small contour is provided, that is, the liquid circulates only inside the engine, the thermostat is closed, the antifreeze is not supplied to the radiator.

As soon as the engine warms up to a certain temperature, the thermostat opens, passing Tosol or antifreeze to the large contour of the cooling system. The liquid passes through the radiator where it is cooled. The radiator is cooled by outer air, freely passing through the radiator grille, or is enforced by a fan. After cooling in the radiator, the antifreeze is supplied to the engine cooling system, takes part of its heat and goes back to a large circle.

The radiator is set to power on the fan, which when a certain temperature is reached, includes a forced blowing or changes the fan speed. When the rotation speed changes, the amount of air carrier passing through cells changes, respectively, the efficiency of the fluid cooling is adjustable. As the fluid cooling in the radiator, the fan turns off. If Tosol becomes colder than the response value, the large outline overlaps, - the circulation occurs in a small circle.

Some cooling systems use several temperature sensors, the location of the sensors:

on the cooling system radiator,
on the head of the cylinder block,
directly on the thermostat housing.

Such a scheme of work is basic, but manufacturers constantly improve the cooling systems. In some machines, there are no fan power sensors, which is launched by a signal from the motor control unit depending on the temperature sensor readings. Thermostats can also be controlled by the "brains" of the motor, opening and switching contours is not automatically, but according to the control signal. In some models on the pipes leading to the heater, electromagnetic valves are installed, regulating the feed of the coolant into the stove radiator. If malfunction, these valves may cause cooling system problems.

One of the improvements of the cooling system is an electronic adjustable pump, more precisely the pump drive, which, depending on the engine temperature, connects the pump or turns off it, thereby contributes to more efficient thermal regulation and rapidly warming the car cooling system.

Diagnostics of cooling systems

Engine overheating - This is such a mode of operation, which is due to the boiling of the coolant. However, the problem is not only overheating. Operation of the motor at a constantly reduced temperature is also harmful, as the operating temperature should be maintained at a certain level. Cold Engine Consumes more fuel, it does not work with better efficiency, susceptible to high loads due to increased viscosity of the lubricant system.

Terms of thermostat, fan, thermostat and sensors violates the proper functioning of the cooling system. If the signs of the temperature of the temperature regime are detected on time and the emergence of fatal faults did not occur, then the repair is likely to be too long and expensive. Therefore, all experts are advised to monitor the temperature modes of the motor.

Diagnosis of problems and faults should be started on a cold engine. First you need to check the correctness of the joint and tubes, the assembly of other elements of the cooling system, especially if the car was repaired shortly before the problem occurs. Perhaps it is ridiculous, however, many examples are known when cooling does not work correctly due to assembly errors.

Some of these cases:

after the bulkhead of the motor, the crankcase ventilation hose is connected to an expansion tank of the coolant;
the cooling fan is installed, due to the irregular position of the blades of which the air is directed not in the direction;
the blades of the fan impeller are freely rotated on the shaft;
sensor or fan connectors are oxidized, rolled or damaged.

It will also be useful to conduct an external inspection of the radiator, it may be dirty, honeycomb is clogged. Sometimes there may be a negative impact of the engine, blocking the air from the bottom. A small accident that only led to the breakdown of the bumper can lead to overheating - there are special guides in the bumper, which passes the air to the engine ( VW Passat B5.).

After visual inspection Cooling systems need to check the level of antifreeze, the serviceability of the carrier tube valves or the tank, the tightness of the hoses and nozzles. It makes sense to decide what is flooded in the system - antifreeze or just water.

If the first steps helped calculate any malfunctions of the engine cooling system, they must be eliminated or taken into account when "Diagnosis" is set. Pulling fluid, you need to not forget that not in every car you can simply add antifreeze, and that's it. For example, some BMW at the top of the coolant should include ignition, and adjust the stove to maximize, in order for the electromagnetic heater valves.

If the air suspicion appears in the cooling system, it is necessary to unscrew special corks intended for air intake. They arrange, as a rule, at the highest point of the system. If the machine has an expansion tank, you can check whether the liquid circulates. If with a systematic warming of the engine inside the interior of the heater ducts, cold air enters, this is the first sign of the air bubble in the system.

If the thermostat is obviously correct, after heating up the radiator, its lower pipe and the upper should have about the same temperature. A large difference in the temperatures of these pipes indicates poor circulation of antifreeze through the radiator.

After a certain period of time after opening the thermostat, as the response temperature achieves, the radiator cooling fan must turn on. If the system does not contain an electric fan, check the electromagnetic clutch closure sensor or the functioning of the viscous coupling. A sign of the malfunction of the viscous clutch can be considered the possibility of stopping and hold the fan with hand. Be sure to be careful! Stop trying to exercise with a soft object, to eliminate the likelihood of hand injury or impeller damage. The airflow in the correct case should be directed to the engine.

Cooling system pressure The car increases in proportion to the engine warming and smoothly falls as cooling it. If the upper nozzle suitable for the radiator is inflated from increasing the frequency of rotation of the engine, it makes sense to make sure that the system does not fall into the system of gases from the motor. It happens if gasket GBC. He struck between the cooling channel and the cylinder or when damaged the head of the block itself. One of the signs of this problem is the oil filler in the expansion tank. Also, bubbles appearing in antifreeze in the engine during operation.

Examples of how incorrectly operating cooling system led to serious, up to the replacement of the engine, problems for the owner, set. The main output should be made one thing - there are no trifles and unimportant faults in the car. You need to notice all changes, analyze them, make the right conclusions. If the owner of the car does not understand this, one should regularly serve the car from good professionals.

Replacing coolant, antifreeze or toosol
Antifreeze from the expansion tank - causes and ways to eliminate them What to do if the stove does not work in the car? Engine, reasons for engine overheating Engine overheating - Causes and consequences
Fuel injection system - schemes and action principle

In any car used engine internal combustion. Liquid cooling systems were widespread - only on old "Zaporozhets" and the new "Tata" is used by blowing air. It should be noted that the circulation scheme on all machines is practically similar - the same elements are present in the design, they are performed by identical functions.

Small circle cooling

In the scheme of the internal combustion engine cooling system, there are two contours - small and large. Something it is similar to the human anatomy - blood flow in the body. The fluid moves along a small circle when it is necessary to produce a quick warm-up to operating temperature. The problem is that the motor can function normally in a narrow temperature range - about 90 degrees.

It is impossible to raise it or lower, as this will lead to violations - the ignition advance angle will change, fuel mixture It will burn untoulated. The circuit includes the radiator of the salon heater - after all it is necessary that inside the car it was warm as soon as possible. Hot antifreeze is overlapped with a crane. The place of its installation depends on the specific car - on the partition between the cabin and motor compartment, in the field of glove, etc.

Big Cooling Contour

In this case, the main radiator is also included. It is installed in the front of the car and is intended for emergency decrease in the temperature of the fluid in the engine. If there is air conditioning on the car, then the radiator is installed nearby. On the Volga and Gazelle cars, an oil radiator is used, which is also placed in the front of the car. The radiator is usually the fan, which is driven by an electric motor, a strap or coupling.

Liquid pump in the system

This device is included in the circuit circulation of the cooling fluid "Gazelle" and any other car. The drive can be implemented as follows:

From the belt of the gas distribution mechanism.
From the generator belt.
From a separate belt.

The design consists of such elements:

Metal or plastic impeller. The effectiveness of the pump depends on the number of blades.
The housing is usually performed from aluminum and its alloys. The fact is that it is this metal that works well in aggressive conditions, corrosion practically does not affect it.
Pulley for installation of the drive belt - gear or wedge-shaped.
The shaft is a steel rotor, at one end of which the impeller is (inside), and outside the pulley to install the drive pulley.
Bronze bushing or bearing - lubrication of these elements is carried out using special additives that are available in antifreeze.
The gland avoids fluid leakage from the cooling system.

Thermostat and its features

It is difficult to say which element that provides the most efficient circulation of fluid in the cooling system. On the one hand, the pump creates pressure and antifreeze moves on pipes with its help.

But on the other hand, if there was no thermostat, the movement would take place exclusively in a small circle. The design contains such items:

Aluminum housing.
Outputs for connecting with nozzles.
Plate of bimetallic type.
Mechanical valve with a return spring.

The principle of operation is that at temperatures below 85 degrees, liquid is moving only by a small contour. At the same time, the valve inside the thermostat is in this position at which antifreeze does not fall into a large circuit.

As soon as the temperature of 85 degrees reach, it will begin to deform it affects the mechanical valve and opens access to the antifreeze to the main radiator. As soon as the temperature decreases, the thermostat valve will return to initial position Under the influence of the return spring.

Expansion tank

In the cooling system of the internal combustion engine, there is an expansion tank. The fact is that any liquid, including antifreeze, when heating increases the volume. And when cooled, the volume decreases. Therefore, some kind of buffer is needed, in which a small amount of fluid will be stored so that in the system it is always plenty. It is with this task that the expansion tank copes - there splashes over during heating.

Lid expansion tank

Another indispensable component of the system is a plug. There are two types of design - hermetic and leakage. In the event that the latter applies the latter, the plug of the expansion tank has only a drainage hole through which the pressure in the system is backed.

But if the hermetic system is applied, then there are two valves in the plug - inlet (takes inside the air from the atmosphere, it works at a pressure below 0.2 bar) and exhaust (it works at a pressure of over 1.2 bar). It throws out of the air surplus system.

It turns out that the system always pressure is more than in the atmosphere. This allows you to slightly increase the boiling point of antifreeze, which favorably affects the operation of the engine. This is especially good for traffic jams in urban conditions. An example of a hermetic system - VAZ-2108 cars and similar. A leshetic - model of the classic VAZ series.

Radiator and fan

The circulation of the coolant passes through the main radiator, which is installed in the front of the car. This place is not chosen by chance - when moving at high speed of the radiator cells are blown by the counter-flow of air, which provides a decrease in the engine temperature. A fan is installed on the radiator. Most of Such devices have on "gazelles", for example, clutches are often used similar to those that are installed on air conditioner compressors.

The power on the electric fan occurs with the sensor installed at the bottom of the radiator. It can be used on injection machines a signal from a temperature sensor, which is located on the thermostat case or in the engine block. SAMI simple scheme The inclusion contains only one thermal switch in itself - contacts normally open contacts. As soon as the temperature of the radiator reaches 92 degrees, the contacts inside the switch will be closed and the voltage is supplied to the fan electric motor.

Salon heater

This is the most important part, if you look from the driver's point of view of the driver and passengers. From the efficiency of the stove, comfort depends on driving in winter time of the year. The heater enters the coolant circulation and consists of such components:

Electric motor with impeller. It turns on by a special scheme in which there is a constant resistor - it allows you to change the frequency of rotation of the impeller.
The radiator is an element for which hot antifreeze passes.
The crane is intended for opening and closing the supply of antifreeze inside the radiator.
The air duct system allows you to direct hot air in the desired direction.

The circuit circulation of the cooling fluid on the system is such that when closing only one input in the radiator, hot antifreeze will not fall into it. There are cars in which the stove crane is missing - hot antifreeze is always inside the radiator. And in the summer, air ducts are simply closed and heat into the cabin is not served.

Computer cooling systems are different types and different efficiency. Regardless of this, they have all the same goal: to cool the devices inside the system unit than to protect them from combustion and increase the efficiency of work. Different systems Designed to cool different devices and they do it with in different ways. This, of course, is not the most exciting topic, but it does not become less important from this. Today we will deal in detail which cooling systems are needed to our computer, and how to achieve maximum efficiency of their work.

To begin with, I propose quickly spent on cooling systems in general, in order to study the computer varieties, we approached the most prepared as possible. I hope that this will save our time and simplify understanding. So. Cooling systems are ...

Air cooling systems

Today it is the most common type of cooling systems. The principle of its action is very simple. The heat from the heating component is transmitted to the radiator using heat-conducting materials (there may be a layer of air or a special thermal conducting paste). The radiator gets heat and gives it to the surrounding space, which is either simply dissipated (passive radiator), or is blown out by a fan (active radiator or cooler). Such cooling systems are installed directly into the system unit and practically all brazing computer components. The cooling efficiency depends on the size of the effective area of \u200b\u200bthe radiator, the metal from which it is made (copper, aluminum), the speed of the passing air flow (from the power and dimensions of the fan) and its temperature. Passive radiators are installed on those components of a computer system that are not very hot in the process of work, and near which natural air flows are constantly circulating. Active systems Cooling or coolers are developed mainly for the processor, video adapter and others constantly and intensively operating internal components. For them, passive radiators can sometimes be installed, but necessarily with a more efficient than usual heat removal at low airflow speeds. It is more expensive and applied in special silent computers.

Liquid cooling systems

The wonderful-invention of the last decade is used mainly for servers, but due to the rapid development of technology, over time, it has all the chances of moving into the home systems. It is expensive and a little scary, if present, but it is quite effective, since the water conducts heat in 30 (or so) times faster than air. Such a system can be almost without noise at the same time cool several internal components. A special metal plate (heat supply) is placed on the processor, which collects heat from the processor. On top of the heat supply, distilled water periodically pumps. Collecting heat from it, water falls into the radiator cooled with air, cools and starts his second round from the metal plate above the processor. The radiator dispels the collected heat into the environment, is cooled and a new portion of heated fluid is waiting. Water in such systems can be special, for example, with a bactericidal or antihalvanic effect. Instead of such water, antifreeze, oils, liquid metals or some other liquid, having a high thermal conductivity and a high specific heat capacity, in order to ensure maximum cooling efficiency with the smallest fluid circulation rate. Of course, such systems are more expensive and complex. They consist of pumps, heat supply (Waterblock or cooling head) attached to the processor, radiator (can be both active and passive), usually attached to the back of the computer case, the tank for working fluid, hoses and flow sensor, diverse meters, filters, drain cranes, etc. (listed components ranging from sensors, optional). By the way, the replacement of such a system is not a lesson. This is not a fan with the radiator change.

Freon set

A small refrigerator installed directly to the heating component. They are effective, but in computers are used mainly, exclusively for overclocking. Knowing people say that he has more drawbacks than the advantages. First, condensate, which appears on detail, coolest than the environment. How do you like the prospect of fluid inside the holy of saints? Increased power consumption, complexity and considerable price - smaller disadvantages, but this does not become advantages either.

Open cooling systems

They use dry ice, liquid nitrogen or helium in a special tank (cup) installed directly on the cooled component. It is used by the Kulibins for the most extreme overclocking or overclocking, according to our. The shortcomings are the same - high cost, complexity, etc. + 1 is very significant. The glass must be constantly filling and periodically run to the store for its contents.

Cascading cooling systems

Two and more successively connected cooling systems (for example, radiator + freon). These are the most difficult in the implementation of the cooling system, which are able to work without breaks, in contrast to all others.

Combined cooling systems

These combine elements of cooling systems of various types. In the example of combined can be brought by waterconts. Watercippers \u003d liquid + freon. Antifreeze circulates in the liquid cooling system and besides it is also cooled by the freon setting in the heat exchanger. Even more difficult and expensive. The complexity is that the thermal insulation will also be needed by the entire system, but this unit can be used for simultaneous efficient cooling of several components at once, which is quite difficult to be implemented in other cases.

Systems with the elements of the Peltel

They are never used independently and besides that, they have the smallest efficiency. Their principle of work was described by Cheburashka, when he suggested the gene to incur suitcases ("Let me carry suitcases, and you will carry me"). The selection element is installed on the heating component, and the other side of the element is cooled by another, usually an air or liquid cooling system. Since it is possible to cool up to a temperature below the environment, the problem of condensate is relevant and in this case. The elements of the panel are less effective than freon cooling, but at the same time quieter and do not create vibrations like refrigerators (freon).

If you have never noticed, then inside your system unit constantly boils the main activity: the current runs there and here, the processor believes, memory remembers, the programs work, the hard disk is spinning. The computer works, in one word. From the school year of physics, we know that the current current heats the device, and if the device is heated, it is not good. In the worst case, it will simply braid, and in the best will simply work tight. (This is really a frequent reason not weakly braking system). It is precisely in order to avoid such troubles inside your system unit, several types of various cooling systems are provided. At least for the most important components.

Cooling system block

How is cooling? Basically - air. When you turn on the computer, it starts to buzz - the fan is turned on (very often there are several of them), then he subsides. After a few minutes of work, when your system has reached a specific threshold temperature value, the fan turns on again. And so all the time of work. The largest and most notable fan inside the system unit simply blows out the heated air out of the box than and cools all the combined, including components to which it is difficult to install its own cooling system, for example, a hard disk. According to the laws of the very physics, the place of heated air through special ventilation holes in the front of the system unit, cooled air flows. More precisely, the one who also simply did not have time to warm up. Cooling the inner parts of the computer, it heats up itself and goes through the holes in the side and / or rear panel of the system unit.

Cooling processor

The processor, as a very important and constantly loaded component of your Iron friend, has a personal cooling system. It consists of already from two components - radiator and fan, of course smaller than the one about which we just spoke. The radiator is sometimes called the heat supply, in accordance with its main functional activity - it dispels the heat from the processor (passive cooling), and a small twist is blowing the heat from the radiator (active cooling). In addition, the processor is lubricated by a special thermal stuff that promotes the maximum heat transfer from the processor to the radiator. The fact is that surfaces and processor, and radiator even after polishing have about 5 microns. As a result of such jarbins, the finest air layer with very low heat-conductivity remains between them. It is these gaps that are lubricated with paste from a substance with a high thermal conductivity coefficient. Paste has a limited period of validity, respectively, it needs to be changed. It is convenient to do simultaneously with the cleaning of the system unit, which we will talk about just below, especially since the old paste can give the opposite effect.

Cooling video card

Modern video card is a computer inside a computer. The cooling system is extremely necessary for it. In simple and cheap video cards, the cooling system may not be, but modern video adapters for game monsters in obligatory We need a refreshing coolness, perhaps, even more than you are in a forty-degree heat.

Dust pollution

Together with the air from the room inside your system unit, dust comes. Moreover, even in a regularly removed and ventilated premises, dust, on Divo, enough, in order for a few months of daily work to excavait your new twist, it is unknown from where the woolen lochmas that have taken longs. This gives the opposite effect - the ventilation holes are clogged, and "lochmas" (except that they physically do not allow to spin the fan) no worse than the mink coat warm your computer to the processor itself, and not only in tropical heat, but also in the polar blizzard. A person, as far as I know, is sick of supercooling, the computer can well get sick from overheating. We treat the poor fell in about once every half a year with antibiotics and hot tea with raspberry, but a vacuum cleaner. Preferably acquired in a special store computer equipment. The familiar, in a very extreme case, will come down, but should be extremely careful with static electricity. Its not like internal components.

Cleaning the cooling system

The first sign is poorly operating or not working at all system - "not buzzing" the fan and the system unit is heated. By the way, this is a frequent reason for the self-off of the computer or too slow system work, and the diagnosis is so simple that it may not be trollen in the head. And it begins: updating drivers, antivirus scanning, hardware update of the system, buying additional RAM modules and other unable television. Funny? Rather sad. I urgently open the patient and look at him inside. It is advisable to look for an accurate algorithm for the procedure in technical documentation Manufacturers of motherboard.

In principle, there is nothing complicated in the cleaning of the system unit. You need to turn off the computer, without forgetting to pull the cord from the outlet, disassemble the system unit and carefully clean all the insides from dust. Special vacuum cleaners are sold in stores that do it best. Most dust accumulates on the radiator with the fan and near the ventilation holes on the system unit. Gently remove dust accumulations from them and lubricate if necessary (the fan needs to remove the sticker and drop a few drops on the fan axis). Not bad suitable oil for sewing machines. In addition, it is necessary to clean the processor from the old thermal paste and smear a new one. Similar actions repeat with the video card and the system unit fan. It remains to collect the computer and use it a few more months before re-cleaning the system unit. Notebooks are also needed, and judging by my experience - somewhat more often than stationary (small distances between the components inside the laptop and the consumption of cookies and sandwiches next to it are loved by your black business). Many users easily cope with this procedure without the help of computer specialists, but it is better not to rush, especially with laptops, if you do not feel confident enough. Risks: Static electricity can output a motherboard, a processor or something else, and you yourself, by virtue of inexperience, you can easily damage anything important. Jokes are jokes, but it really needs to do it, otherwise there may be an unmercial amount of problems.

If you have cleaned your computer, but it did not bring noticeable relief, you may have to install a stronger cooling system. In the easiest case, an additional fan can help. To find out the degree of heating system components, you can look at the manufacturer's website motherboard. It is possible that there you will find a special softwarewhich will help determine this. The averaged indicators for the processor are 30-50 degrees, and in load mode up to 70. Winchester should not warm more than 40 degrees. More accurate indicators should be checked in technical documentation.

In the completion of the described, I want to say that in 90 (if no more) percentage of cases is quite suitable for the standard standard cooling system. Melt between quality and price, as well as to introduce a cooling system to your computer (sometimes it is quite risky and not at all) really need to hold server owners, powerful game computers and fans of experiments with acceleration. If you buy a computer for home or office, you just need to ask what he is inside, so that the manufacturer's possible savings did not get out for you.

Strictly speaking, the term "liquid cooling" is not fully correct, since the fluid in the cooling system is only an intermediate coolant, penetrating the walls of the cylinder block wall. The role of the discharge agent in the system plays air, blowing the radiator, so cooling modern car It is correct to call hybrid.

Device of the liquid cooling system

The liquid engine cooling system consists of several elements. The most complicated is called the "cooling shirt". This is an extensive network of channels in the thickness of the cylinder block and. In addition to the shirt in the system enters the radiator of the cooling system, the expansion tank, water pump, thermostat, metal and rubber connecting nozzles, sensors and control devices.

Propylene glycol - Base of coolant (antifreeze) and approved by veterinary doctors Food additive for dietary dogs

The system is constructed on the principle of forced circulation, which the water pump provides. Due to the constant outflow of the heated fluid, the engine is cooled uniformly. This explains the use of the system in the overwhelming majority of modern cars.

After passing through the channels in the walls of the block, the liquid heats up and falls into the radiator, where the air flow is cooled. When the car moves, it is quite natural enough to cool, and when the car is worthwhile, blowing occurs due to the electric fan, which turns on the signal from the temperature sensor.

Details about key elements of water cooling

Cooling radiator

The radiator is a panel of small-diameter metal tubes, covered to increase the heat transfer area by aluminum or copper "plumage". In essence, plumage, this is a multiple metal tape. The total total ribbon area is large enough, which means that there can be enough heat into the atmosphere per unit of time.

The most vulnerable element of the engine design is a turbocharger (turbine) operating at extremely high revs. When overheating, the destruction of the impeller and shaft bearings is almost inevitable

Thus, the warm-up liquid inside the radiator circulates immediately on all numerous thin tubes and is cooled quite intensively. In the lid of the radiator, the radiator is provided by a safety valve, a pair of and excess fluid expanding when heated.

Depending on the mode of operation DVS cycle The coolant movement in the system may vary. The volume of fluid circulating in each circle directly depends on the extent to which the main and additional thermostat valves are open. This scheme provides automatic support for the optimal temperature mode of the engine.

Advantages and disadvantages of the liquid cooling system

The main advantage of the liquid cooling is that the engine cooling occurs evenly than in the case of blowing the air flow unit. This is explained by the greater heat capacity of the coolant compared to air.

The liquid cooling system allows to significantly reduce the noise from the working engine due to the greater the thickness of the block walls.

The system inertia does not allow the engine quickly after turning off. Preheat liquid of the car and for preheating combustible mixture.

Along with this, the liquid cooling system has a number of disadvantages.

The main disadvantage is the complexity of the system and that it works under pressure after heating the fluid. Pressure fluid places increased requirements for the tightness of all compounds. The situation is complicated by the fact that the operation of the system implies a constant repeat of the cycle "Heating - cooling". It is harmful for compounds and rubber pipes. When heated, the rubber is expanding, and then compressed when cooled, which becomes the causes.

In addition, the complexity and a large number of elements by itself serves as a potential cause of "technogenic disasters", accompanied by the "boiling" of the engine in case of failure of one of the key parts, for example, the thermostat.