Types of charging devices and their features. We charge the electric vehicle - the main types of charging stations and charger connectors. Charging can also be

Choice. At the end of the article - the video about the simple s / y for the battery do it yourself.

The content of the article:

The modern car is equipped with a large number of devices that feed from the on-board network. The role of the battery is to provide additional energy in those situations where the generator does not cope with the loads. And rechargeable batteries, as a rule, are discharged at the most inopportune moment. Especially in winter. And unlike the batteries of other electrical appliances, the battery for auto charger is not completed; He has to buy separately.

This is just a background of the Chinese manufacturer. He decided to stabilize another element of the photographic system, namely a photosensitive matrix. Thus, we have a solution that reduces the amount of vibration, but it is also much more accurate. This is achieved by replacing the coil engine, a more complex electromechanical system. This change also entails other important advantages, such as vibration compensation speed. The stabilization of the optical system takes at least 50 milliseconds.

Also: Internet material or Internet material?

The sensor stabilization is 15 milliseconds. Moreover, the elimination of the coil significantly reduced the demand for electricity. It seems that the manufacturer managed to develop 2 new, proprietary technological solutions that will significantly affect the future of smartphones. Of course, in the near future, the technology will be used only in the manufacturer's own projects.

Varieties of chargers and their features

S / y have several classifications and, depending on their type, endowed with those or other qualities.

By the method of charge Devices are divided into 3 categories:

Fixed current value

Such devices charge the battery to the limit and pretty quickly. However, at the end of the procedure, the electrolyte has a property to be overly hot, and this reduces the life of the battery, provoking accelerated aging.

After maximum power, the port is recommended to the port, which is charged with a mobile phone with a voltage of 5 V and compatible with a quick charging. There are wireless charging devices that use the principle of magnetic inductance for wireless charging, but they work only at a very short distance and can be charged very small batteries. Solar chargers are also in the study, because, although they want to use the free energy of the Sun, they have too much time to download and they will practice only in areas remote from civilization.

Permanent voltage method

In this case, the electrolyte retains the desired temperature and control the charging process is not necessary, since with this diagram the device supports the specified voltage level. By minuses include reducing voltage at the end of the process. It does not allow the maximum possible battery charge.

Of course, the importance of telephone chargers is very high, no other ways of self-loading, so manufacturers participate in all types of measures, looking for new and new solutions to meet the needs of customers and owners of mobile phones that do not want to have a loaded phone, because it makes it inappropriate, If a mobile phone should always function, it must also be provided that the device is loaded, like other tablet-like devices, which is especially used in motion, in motion, in cars, they must be loaded, so in any situation there is a loader.

Combined method

Combines the two above options - at the beginning, the process goes at a fixed value of the current, and at the end proceeds to stabilization of the voltage. Such a tandem makes this type of instrument in the most efficient and in demand.

By way of charge s / y are divided into 2 categories:

Transformer Type devices

In everyday life, they are unlikely to meet, as they have impressive dimensions and just as impressive weight. Their purpose is the current conversion of 220V per direct current (12V).

That is why the telephone chargers market flourishes, providing models and solutions from the latest gadgets to be able to use them on an ongoing basis. Do you need a charger for your phone? Very unpleasant situation, if you do not have a battery and you have no original charger. Currently, laptops are amazed by the same problem as phones over 10 years ago, that is, many types of connectors and chargers with different characteristics. Of course, there is, but this is just a decision of the moment, and not a solution to the problem.

Pulse

The principle of operation is similar to the previous option, however, this kind is characterized by compactness and low weight. Therefore, they are ideally suited for domestic use.

Depending on the model, impulse s / y can have:

charge end indicator;
incorrect connection indicator (igniter);
protection function against short circuits,
automatic charging function;
the function of protection against cords, etc.

In contrast to transformer, pulse produce recharge with small pulses, and not current of a constant value. This is their feature.

Transformer models are cheaper, but besides the disadvantages described above, they also require control during operation. Therefore, the impulse option is preferable.

Types of telephone chargers and tablets

When it comes to charging your mobile phone, there are several options, depending on your location, so one type of charger is not enough to cover you in all situations, so you do not want it, you will have to buy a charger time. Fortunately, you can choose any budget because they are among the most common accessories for mobile phones.

The original charger - since all the phones and tablets sold today are supplied with a compatible charger, you probably will not need another charger if it does not fail, and you do not plan to charge it, except with a wall outlet in your apartment.

Depending on the power supply, s / y is divided into 3 categories.

Electrical network

If the car is in the garage, where electricity is connected, then this option is the easiest, convenient and reliable. In this case, the battery can be recharged until the machine is used.

For security reasons and extension of battery life, the initial charger is the recommended charge method recommended by the manufacturer. In addition, the failure caused by the charger produced by someone else can cause the cancellation of your device.

Fast charging with quick charging

This, of course, does not mean that there are other trust brands. Can you tell me that your favorite accessories brands are in the comments section. Fast charging is carried out by increasing not only current strength, but also charge voltages. If you still have questions, suggestions or comments, feel free to write me using the form below. You can be very excited about the prospect of buying a new mobile phone. Throughout the process, there may be many chances to forget about buying a proper charger.

Working from cigaretteel

The disadvantages include the fact that with prolonged and / or intense (in some models, the speed is adjusted) the feedback is the risk of overloading the onboard network.

But in the case of unexpected situations, you can charge the battery at any time and anywhere.

Solar

It is rarely used, as high-quality products are expensive, and cheap are usually ineffective and short-lived.

It is very important to buy a suitable type of docking station and charger to perform all the necessary functions associated with it. You need to take a reasonable solution and buy a good charger for your phone. There are various types of charging devices that can help you in various situations. These types will be explained below.

This type of charger is the oldest form of the charger for the phone. It works, connecting the cable to your phone, and then connecting to an alternating current outlet. It uses a transformer and a converter that changes the current in constant current from the network.

And of course, they need sunlight to work. Solar model can be useful as auxiliary option. For example, for those who have a network s / y, but often it turns out "far from the outlet." For example, a fisherman, a lover of relaxation in nature or a hunter, such a device will be useful for sure.

According to the appointment, s / y is divided into 2 types.

The car charger uses either a special connector or a cigarette lighter socket. The latter is also called auxiliary socket. Users can charge the phone during trips. The power supply is located directly from the car battery. Three main types of car chargers: Universal charger, fast charger and low capacity charger.

The emergency charger is used by people who travel wildly on a regular basis. Therefore, it is very suitable for people who are always out of the house. They do not need the main power source. To charge the phone, high quality accumulators are sufficient.

Charging and starting (or commissioning)

Perform a function not only recharging, but also starting the engine - work in two modes: automatic and maximum current recoil mode.

Some models are universal, with their help can be restored work in the economy, charge the phone, laptop and other devices. It is enough just to have a set of plugs of the desired size.

However, the batteries are not strong enough so that the phone can be fully charged, as the current present in the mobile phone battery is stronger than the one that is in the batteries. These chargers, which are called "green" charging devices, arose due to increased attention to global warming and other associated threats. The charger can operate by turning the crank to lead it into action. There are also charging devices that feed from solar energy, and they can be attached to bicycles.

It is important to comply with the rules of operation and use the appointment device only after the terminals are disconnected from the on-board network.

Charging and Prepass

Used only to feed the battery, the start of the engine with their help is not possible. It is due to the fact that the devices are characterized by a small value of the operating current. The advantage is that when using them there is no need to turn off from the boots.

What you need to consider when choosing

Before you start buying s / y, you should carefully examine the documents for a specific battery and the car (in particular the parameters of the Burset). This will avoid many difficulties and specify requests. In essence, the information specified in the information instructions is enough to choose a suitable device. However, there are some minor nuances that should be taken into account when choosing.

Counterfeit

Few such products that can win a competition with charging devices by the number of fakes. Therefore, buying devices best official dealers Or at least in retail outlets using good reputation.

If you have decided on a specific brand, it is worth searching on the Internet information about the features of the brand and its copies. A high-quality fake to determine in this way may not work, but it is quite realistic to get rid of yourself from low-grade Asian wide.

Capabilities

It is better to get s / y with a small one (just a little, too much should not be for) in the current reserve. Such an acquisition has two advantages: the device does not have to work at the limit of its capabilities and in the case of replacing the battery on the larger capacity model, it will not be necessary to change s / y.

Indication

It happens LED and dashboard. LED does not differ in such accuracy, but it is enough for domestic use.

Auto mode

If possible, preference should be given the automated option. It will relieve the owner from the need to control the work of the device and possible consequences.

Producing country

Many domestic products in their characteristics are not inferior to foreign counterparts, so it is worth seeking Russian products. She not only wins in price, but also the risk of buying fake is almost equal to zero. But even inferior to the qualities of the domestic appliance is better than a fake prestigious brand.

Transmission

For a car with an ACP, the optimal option will be a charging premium device, as it does not need to be required to disconnect the power supply from the aircraft.

Unqualified batteries

Protection against incorrect connection

In the case of the so-called rs, the function will help not only prevent the battery breakdown, but also the s / y itself.

Desulfation function

Allows you to restore a battery with lead sulfate formations on plates.

Rated charge current

The rated current is called a current that is 10% of the battery capacity. Having information about the battery (can be found in the documents or on the body of the product), calculate the required power s / y will not be difficult.

For example, the charger in 6a is suitable for most batteries with a capacity of 60-70 A-h, which are equipped with cars. But for a truck or jeep you have to search a more powerful device.

Battery type

If you have lead battery (WET), then it will need a special device. For batteries, other varieties will suit any s / y, but their features should be taken into account.

Gel batteries (GEL) and electrolyte impregnation batteries (AGM) are sensitive to temperature drops and overheating. For them, you need a charger with the current adjustment function and an extended temperature range.

But it is best not to engage in experiments and acquire a recharge recommended by the manufacturer.

Conclusion

Some motorists rely on the generator, considering the state of the battery with a secondary problem. However, the availability of the charger can significantly ease the life of the driver, because you never know how soon the help of the battery and when it turns out to be completely discharged. And for this, it is sometimes enough to leave the overall lights overnight included or put the car at the entrance for some time with the signaling turned on.

Video about simple s / y for battery do it yourself:

Types of charger. Safety regulations when charging AKB.

The most common types of charger:

Accelerated memory 1-3-hour;

Not every type of battery can be charged in an accelerated charger; for example, child-acid battery It will not be able to charge as quickly as nickel-cadmium.

Determination of the charge ending is extremely important in accelerated chargers, since the longer battery charge at high currents and, accordingly, the temperature rise is dangerous for the battery.

Slow memory 14-16-hour (sometimes 24-hour);

If the Ni-CD battery is charged to 1 s (100% current from rated tank For an hour), the typical charge efficiency in the container will be 0.91 (for the perfect battery it will be 1). For a 100% charge, 66 minutes should be charged. At a slow charge of 0.1 ° C (10% current from the nominal capacity for 10 hours), the charge efficiency according to the capacity will be 0.71.
The cause of low charge efficiency is that a portion of the charge energy absorbed by the battery is consumed through scattering to heat. Therefore, in a slow memory (the current is 0.1 s, i.e. 10% of the nominal capacity - see estimation of the container) The battery is recommended to charge for 14-16 hours (it should not be perceived as a charge of 140%!), And Not for 10 hours.

Usually slow chargers (for NI-CD, Ni-MH batteries Charging current is 10% of the nominal battery capacity) do not determine the end of the charge, since with a small charging current, a longer stay of the battery in the memory, say, for 1-2 hours, does not lead to critical consequences.

Air-conditioning memory;

The preference of air-conditioning chargers is that, constantly chargeing Ni-MH and Ni-CD batteries in this memory, you can noticeably increase the life of the batteries (not forgetting about the rules of operation of batteries!)

Car batteries are a complex and dangerous technique. In their manufacture, poisonous and hazardous chemicals were used, capable of harming the human body in non-compliance with the elementary rules of safe operation with AKB. You need to handle them, observing safety technology, since there are hazardous explosives and harmful poisonous substances as part of batteries:

Sulfuric acid is extremely dangerous, toxic, it easily reacts with all the elements, causes burns, fire, parament poisoning. When interacting with water, in the case of the preparation of electrolyte, a lot of heat and gas stands out. Charged car batteries Have a 30-40% sulfuric acid concentration in electrolyte, and discharged - only 10% or less. It contains small shares of arsenic, manganese, heavy metals, nitrogen oxide, iron, copper, chloride compounds.

Lead - lead and lead salts (lead sulfate) are extremely poisonous substances. The toxicity of lead does not have such a bright instant effect as sulfuric acid, but it has the property to accumulate in the body, hitting vital organs, such as the kidneys. Permanent lead poisoning causes headache, fatigue, pain in the heart.

Arsenic is very poisonous. Poisoning occurs when only 5 mg in the human body is hit, and it also accumulates, causing serious consequences. Arsenic compounds are also poisonous. Causes headache, vomiting, abdominal pain, nervous disorders.

Hydrogen is an explosive and fire-hazardous gas. With a ratio of approximately 2 k 5, hydrogen and oxygen form a rattle gas that can cause a strong explosion. Every year tens of thousands of people suffer from burns and wounds when exploding a rattling gas when working with batteries.

Security Rules when working with a battery:

1) Charge car batteries can only be charged in a well-ventilated room or with constant air access.

2) Working with an electrolyte can only be in rubber gloves and protective glasses, the skin surface should be maximally closed with clothing.

3) It is impossible to pour distilled water into sulfuric acid, only acid into water, because water is lighter than acid, falling onto her surface, it boats and splashes a poisonous liquid around. Acid, falling into the water, immediately sink and can not splash.

4) It is impossible to smoke, to burn something, use defective electrical appliances that can give a spark when charging the battery.

5) Before charging AKB, it is necessary to release the accumulated gases, clean the gas feed. Even when charging the battery, when you install it, you need to wait until all gases are destroyed.

6) Check the windscarethe space before installing the car battery on the seat. Connect some time after some time, do not try to call the "spark" to avoid an explosion.

7) It is impossible to charge automotive batteries in a closed room where people are located, for example, in the apartment. The evaporation of the vapors of poisonous compounds may cause light poisoning that causes typical symptoms of chemical poisoning: headache, nausea, rubber, fatigue, nervous disorder and irritability.

1. General safety requirements.
1.1. To work on charging and maintenance rechargeable batteries Persons who have passed a medical examination, introductory instruction on labor protection, instructing in the workplace, who mastered the practical skills of the safe performance of work and the testing of knowledge and skills obtained during briefing are instructed.
1.2. Batteryers in the process are required to comply with the rules of the internal labor regulation of the enterprise.
Smoking is allowed in specially designated places provided by means of fire extinguishing.
1.3. It is necessary to contain a workplace in order and purity, fold raw materials, blanks, products and waste production in allocated places, do not clutch the passages and passages.
1.4. An employee can affect hazardous and harmful production factors (moving machines and mechanisms moving goods, production microclimate, an increased explosive hydrogen concentration, caustic acids and alkali).
1.5. The battery must be provided with overalls and personal protective equipment:
suit cotton with acid-protective impregnation;
semi-sinks rubber;
rubber gloves;
Rubber apron;
Protective glasses.
1.6. Batterycharges working should strictly comply with safety requirements when working with acids and caustic alkalis, which, with improper handling, can cause chemical burns, and with an increased concentration of vapors in the air - poisoning.
1.7. When charging batteries, hydrogen is highlighted, which makes small electrolyte splashes into the air. Hydrogen when clustering can reach explosive concentration, so without ventilation, charging batteries cannot be performed.
1.8. It is necessary to follow the rules of electrical safety when attaching batteries.
1.9. Persons employed on charging batteries should know well and strictly fulfill all the requirements set forth in this instruction, and the enterprise administration is obliged to create normal working conditions and provide workplace The battery is everything necessary for the safe execution of the work entrusted to it, as well as the first aid tools for the prevention of chemical burns with electrolyte (flowing tap water for flushing a spray of acid or alkali; 1-% Boric acid solution for alkali neutralization).
1.10. Batteriers need to know and follow personal hygiene rules.
1.11. The battery must be able to provide the first assistance to the victim during an accident.
1.12. Instructions for labor protection should be issued to all batteriers on receipt.
1.13. Trained and instructed accumulators are fully responsible for violating the requirements of the instructions for labor protection in accordance with the current legislation.
2. Security requirements before work
2.1. Wear a good workwear, rubber boots and prepare individual means of protection (rubberized handbounds, rubber gloves and safety glasses), fasten the trousers, pants an acid-resistant suit to wear over the boots, wear a rubber apron (the bottom edge should be lower than the top edge of the shining boot), Make clothes so that there is no fluttering ends, the hair is picking up under a tightly fitting headdress.
2.2. Carefully inspect the workplace, bring it in order, remove all objects interfering. Working tools, devices and auxiliary materials located in a convenient order for use and check their serviceability.
2.3. Check and make sure in good condition of the supply and exhaust ventilation and local suns;
check the adequacy of the workplace lighting;
Make sure there are no unauthorized persons in the room.
3. Safety requirements during operation.
3.1. In the room for charging batteries, prevent ignition of fire, smoking, sparking of electrical equipment and other equipment.
3.2. Attaching the battery terminals to charging and disconnect them after charging only when the charging equipment is turned off.
3.3. When examining the batteries, use a portable secure voltage lamp of 12 V.
Before turning on the portable electrollamp to the network, in order to avoid sparking, first insert into the plug outlet, and then turn on the switch; When the electrolympus is turned off, turn off the switch, and then remove the plug.
3.4. It is not concerned at the same time two terminals of batteries with metal objects to avoid short circuit and sparking.
3.5. Verify battery voltage to produce only voltmeter.
3.6. When removing and installing batteries on the electrocar, to ensure that there is no closure with the metal parts of the electrocar.
3.7. Attaching the batteries to the DC power grid and the connection of batteries among themselves to produce in rubber gloves and rubber shoes.
3.8. Do not touch your hands without rubber gloves to the current-handing parts (terminals, contacts, electrical pipelines). If it is necessary to use the tool to use the tool with insulated handles.
3.9. When working with acid, acid and alkaline electrolyte and the preparation of electrolyte, comply with the following requirements:
The acid should be stored in bottles with closed fit plugs in special crates, in separate ventilated rooms. Acid bottles must be installed on the floor in one row. Empty acid bottles should be stored in similar conditions;
On all vessels with electrolyte, distilled water, soda solution or a solution of boric acid, acidic acids (names) of the liquid should be applied;
Bottles should be transferred by two persons using special stretcher on which the bottle is securely secured. Pre-check the help of stretcher;
Pouring acids from bottles should be made with a forced slope using special devices for fixing the bottles. Acid is allowed using special siphons;
Preparation of electrolyte only in a specially designated room;
When preparing an electrolyte, it is necessary to pour in a thin jet of sulfuric acid into distilled water, all the time stirring the electrolyte;
It is forbidden to pour distilled water into sulfuric acid, since the water in contact with acid is quickly heated, boils and, splashing, can cause burns;
Preparation of electrolyte to produce only in lead, faience or ebonite baths. Preparation of electrolyte in glassware is prohibited, since it can burst from a sharp heating;
It is forbidden to work with an acid without protective glasses, rubber gloves, boots and rubber apron, protecting the acid droplets on the body or in the eye of the working;
Crushing pieces of alkali eating pieces should be made using special scoops, forceps, tweezers and burlap. A working should be protected by rubber apron, rubber gloves and protective glasses;
Do not mix the electrolyte in the bath by blowing air through.
3.10. When charging the batteries, do not bend close to the batteries to avoid burns of acid splashes flying out of the battery hole.
3.11. Rechargeable batteries are transported in special trolleys with sockets in the size of the batteries. Carrying batteries manually, regardless of their quantity, do not produce except permutation.
3.12. Do not touch the heated resistance spirals.
3.13. Strictly observe individual precautions: take food only in the room allotted for this purpose. Before eating, wash your hands and face with soap and rinse with water. Do not store food and drinking water in the battery room;
It makes it possible to clean the tables and workbenches every day, wiping them with a cloth moistened in soda solution, and once a week produce cleaning walls, cabinets and windows.
4. Safety requirements in emergency situations.
4.1. In the case of sulfuric acid from entering the skin or in the eyes, immediately washed off its abundant jet of water, then rinse with a 1-% solution of drinking soda and report to the master.
In the case of signs of poisoning from an increased concentration of sulfuric acid in the air, exit fresh air, drink milk and drinking soda and report to the master.
4.2. In the case of alkali (caustic or caustic soda) on the skin or in the eyes, immediately wash off its abundant jet of water and rinse with 3% boric acid solution.
In the case of signs of poisoning from an increased concentration of alkali in the air, exit fresh air, drink milk and report to the master.
4.3. With electric shock, it is necessary:
free the affected effect of electric current;
free from shy clothes;
Provide clean air access to the victim, to open the window and doors or make the victim from the room and do artificial respiration;
call a doctor.
4.4. If a fire occurs, cause fire protection, notify the administration of the enterprise and proceed to its existing means.
5. Security requirements at the end of work.
5.1. Put in order workplace.
Tool and fixtures wipe and folded on the place allotted for them.
5.2. Reliably close the taps of tanks with acid and electrolyte.
5.3. Tell the master or changer about all the faults and disadvantages seen during work, and the measures taken to their elimination.
5.4. Remove and put on storage in the prescribed manner workwear, personal protective equipment.
5.5. Wash your hands and face with warm water with soap, rinse well mouth or take a shower.

An article on how to choose a charger for a car battery. Types of devices, important nuances of choice. At the end of the article - the video about the simple s / y for the battery do it yourself.