Where you can restore the battery. How to restore a lead acid battery. Battery recovery phone

All batteries have a shelf life, with numerous charge-discharge cycles and a multitude of worked clocks, the battery loses its container and keeps the charge less and less.
Over time, the battery capacity is so falling that further operation becomes impossible.
Probably, many have already accumulated batteries from uninterruptibles (UPS), signaling and emergency lighting systems.

In the set of household and office equipment are lead acid batteries, and in independence from the battery brand and production technology, whether it is an ordinary serviced car battery, AGM, gel (GEL) or a small battery from a flashlight, they all have lead plates and acid electrolyte.
Upon completion of operation, such batteries cannot be thrown out because they contain lead, mostly they are waiting for the fate of disposal where lead is retrieved and processed.
But nevertheless, despite the fact that such batteries are mostly "non-servant", you can try to restore them returning them to the old capacity and use for some more time.

In this article, I will tell you about how Restore a 12 volt battery from UPSA by 7AHbut the method is suitable for any acid battery. But I want to warn that these measures should not be performed on a fully working battery, since in a serviceable battery, it is possible to achieve a capacity of capacity in just the right way to charge.

So we take the battery, in this case the old and discharged, we subsequent a screwdriver with a plastic cover. Most likely, it is point shoved to the body.

Further connect the battery to charging again, the voltage should be so that the charging current for our 7Ah battery was 600mA. Also, permanently observing, support the specified current for 4 hours. But we look at the same charge, for a 12-volt battery, there was no more than 15-16 volts.
After charging, after about an hour, the battery needs to be discharged to 11 volts, it is possible to do this with the help of any 12-volt bulb (for example on 15wat).

Most likely it will not be possible to return the nominal, since the sulfate plate has already lowered its resource, and moreover, there are other detrimental processes. But the battery can be further used in normal mode and the container will be enough for this.

Regarding the rapid wear of the batteries in uninterrupted, the following reasons were noticed. Being in one case with a uninterruptible, the battery is constantly passive heating from the active elements (power transistors) which, by the way, heated to 60-70 degrees! Standing battery imprivation leads to a rapid evaporation of electrolyte.
In the cheap, and sometimes even some expensive UPS models, there is no charge thermocomption, that is, the charge voltage is displayed by 13.8 volts, but it is permissible for 10-15 marads, and for 25 degrees, and sometimes more and much more, the charge voltage should be Be a maximum of 13.2-13.5 volts!
A good solution will bear the battery outside the housing if you want to extend its service life.

Also affects the "permanent small charge" uninterrupted, 13.5 volts and a current of 300mA. Such a recharge comes to the fact that when the active spongy mass ends inside the battery, then the reaction begins in its electrodes, which comes to the fact that the lead of the current recesses on (+) becomes brown (PBO2) and on (-) becomes the "spongy".
Thus, with a constant reload, we obtain the destruction of the current and the "boiling" of the electrolyte with the release of hydrogen and oxygen, which leads to an increase in the concentration of electrolyte, which again contributes to the destruction of the electrodes. It turns out such a closed process that makes it clear the battery life rapid flow rate.
In addition, such a charge (transferred) is a large voltage and a current of which the electrolyte "boils" - translates the lead of the cocoquets into the powder oxide which over time crept and may even close the plates.

With active use (frequent charge), it is recommended to fill distilled water into the battery once a year.

Take only a fully charged battery with control as the level of electrolyte and voltage. Anyone case does not overflow better not to add it Because it is impossible to select it back, because sucking the electrolyte you deprive the battery of sulfuric acid and in consequence the concentration changes. I think it is clear that sulfuric acid is non-volatile, therefore, in the process of "boiling" during charging, it remains inside the battery - only hydrogen and oxygen comes out.

On the terminals we connect a digital voltmeter and a syringe for 5ml with a needle pour into each jar of 2-3ml of distilled water into each jar, at the same time shining inside the flashlight to stop if the water stopped getting off - after filling 2-3ml, see the bank - you will see how water quickly absorbs, and voltage The voltmeter drops (on the share of the Volta). We repeat the plot for each bank with pauses to absorb 10-20 seconds (approximately) until you see that the "glassate" is already wet - that is, the water is no longer absorbed.

After the topping, we examine whether there is no overflow in each bank of the battery, wipe the entire case, we set the rubber caps in place and we glue the cover into place.
Since the battery after the topping is shown about 50-70% of charging, you need to charge it. But the charging must be carried out or a controlled power supply or a uninterruptible or a regular device, but under the supervision, that is, during charging, you must just follow the battery status (you need to see the top of the battery). In the case of a uninterrupted manner, for this you have to make extension cords and output the battery outside the UPSA housing.

Under the battery, the platform napkins or cellophane bags, charge up to 100% and look, does not proceed from any electrolyte bank. If suddenly it happened, stop charging and remove the napkin. With the help of a napkin moistened in the soda solution, we clean the housing, all the depressions and terminals where the electrolyte fell, in order to neutralize the acid.
We find the bank from where it happened "bumping" and see if the electrolyte is visible in the window, we suck the surplus with a syringe, and then carefully and smoothly refuel this electrolyte back inside the fibers. It often happens that the electrolyte after the topping is not evenly absorbed and boiled up.
When re-charging, we observe the battery as described above and if the "problem" battery bank again starts to "stream" when charging, excess electrolytes will have to be removed from the bank.
Also, under the inspection, at least 2-3 full-time-charge cycle should be done, if everything went fine and there are no inclusions, the battery does not heat (light heating when charging does not count), then the battery can be collected in the case.

Well, now consider especially cardinal methods of resuscitation lead-acid batteries

From the battery, the entire electrolyte is drained, and the insides are washed first a couple of times with hot water, and then with a hot solution of soda (3h.l soda per 100 ml of water) leaving a solution in a battery for 20 minutes. The process can be repeated several times, and flush well from the residues of soda solution - poured a new electrolyte.
Then the battery day is charged, and later, for 10 days, 6 hours in a day.
For automotive batteries current up to 10 amps and voltage of 14-16 volts.

The second way is the inverse charge, for this procedure you will need a powerful voltage source, for automotive batteries, for example, a welding machine, a recommended current - 80Anper with a voltage of 20 volts.
Make a rally, that is, plus a minus and minus to the plus and for the course of half an hour "boil" the battery with its native electrolyte, after which the electrolyte is drained and washed with hot water battery.
A new electrolyte is fill on and observing a new polarity, for a day, a current of 10-15 amps is charged.

But the most effective way is done with Him. substances.
From a fully charged battery, the electrolyte is drained and after repeated washing with water, the ammonium solution of the trillion b (ethylenediaminetetrauxuscase sodium) is poured, containing 2 weight percentage of trilon b and 5 percent of ammonia. The process of desulfation is occurring for 40 - 60 minutes, for which gas is released with small splashes. Upon termination of such gas formation, one can judge the completion of the process. With a particularly strong sulfate, the ammonium solution of the trilder B should be pouring again, removing before it spent.
The accumulator procedure is thoroughly washed several times with distilled water and poured a new electrolyte of the desired density. The battery is charged with a standard way to rated tank.
Regarding the ammonia solution of the trillion B, it can be found in chemical laboratories and stored in hermetic containers in a dark place.

In general, if it is interesting, then the composition of the electrolyte, which produces Lighting, Electrol, Blitz, Akkumulad, Phonix, Toniolyt and some others, is an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid (350-450g per liter) with the addition of sulfate salts of magnesium, aluminum, sodium, ammonium. As part of the electrolyte, Gruconnin also contains potassium alum and copper cune.

After recovery, the battery can be charged normally for this type In a way (for example, in UPSE) and prevent discharge below 11 volt.
In many uninterrupters, there is a function "Calibration of Akb" with which you can carry out the discharge-charge cycles. By connecting the load at the output of the uninterrupted load of 50% of the Maximum of the UPS, we launch this function and the uninterruptible unit discharges an acb to 25% and then charges up to 100%

Well, on a very primitive example, charging such a battery looks like this:
A stabilized 14.5 volt voltage is supplied to the battery, through a wire variable high power resistor or through a current stabilizer.
The charge current is thrown by a simple formula: the battery capacity is separated by 10, for example, 700mA will be 700mA for the battery. And on the current stabilizer or using an alternating wire resistor, it is necessary to set a current of 700mA. Well, in the process of charging, the current will start falling and it will be necessary to reduce resistor resistance, with time the resistor handle will come to the initial position and resistance of the resistor will be zero. The current will continue to gradually decrease to zero until the voltage on the battery does not become permanent - 14.5 volts. The battery is charged.
Additional information on "correct" charging batteries can be found

light crystals on the plates are sulfate

A separate "bank" battery battery was subjected to constant shortage and as a result of sulphates, its internal resistance grew with each deep cycle, to led to the fact that, during the charge, it began to "throw" before all, due to loss of capacity and removal of electrolyte in Insoluble sulfates.
The positive plates and their lattices turned into a consistency in powder, as a result of a constant recharge by uninterrupted in the "Stand-Bai" mode.

Lead acid accumulators except cars, motorcycles and diverse household appliances, where they are not found in lanterns and in hours and even in the smallest electronics. And if you got into the hands of such "non-working" child-acid battery Without identifying characters and you do not know how voltage it should issue in the working condition. It can easily be found in the number of cans in the battery. Lay the protective cover on the battery case and remove it. You will see the caps for booming gas. By their number it will become clear how many "cans" this battery.
1 bank - 2 volt (fully charged - 2.17 volts), that is, if the cap 2 means the battery for 4 volts.
A fully discharged battery bank must be no lower than 1.8 volts, it is impossible to discharge below!

Well, the thief will give a small idea, for those who lack funds to buy new batteries. Find in your city firms that do computer equipment And supplements (uninterrupted boilers, batteries for signaling systems), agree with them so that they did not throw away the old batteries from uninterrupted trips, but they were given it possible at a symbolic price.
Practice shows that half of AGM (gel) batteries can be restored if not up to 100% then up to 80-90% exactly! And this is a couple of years of excellent battery operation in your device.

Greetings to all on our site! I think this topic will greatly interest you, because it can potentially save a budget. We are talking about how to restore the battery and is it possible to return the battery for life.

I will say right away that even after a deep discharge, you can potentially restore the battery of the machine or motorcycle. Long unqualified battery loses charge. Even if it is a power tools from Mcita, which simply did not use for a long time.

We will have speech about the most common acidic alkaline battery. This is not the usual batteries of 18650 finger type. In the car used AKB by 12, and sometimes 18 volts. You can try to restore the battery enclosed in the polymer housing used for a motorcycle or scooter. If you are not afraid to immediately try to restore the battery from the car with your own hands, proceed to work.

What kind of batteries do you know?

• There is Ni CD (nickel cadmium) battery used in everyday life and aviation;
• There are Ni MH (nickel magnesium). They are used in electric vehicles, rocket and space technology, lighting and not only;
• Relevant Recently, Li Ion (lithium ion) is widespread in everyday life, but also serves as the basis for modern electrocars.

You understand that for the phone, lighting lamp, smartphone, laptop or tablet are not at all those batteries that cost under the hood of the car are used. There is another density, other materials and other components.

Therefore, I propose to talk about several basic ways to restore car battery do it yourself. If someone thinks he will have to take a jar in the hands of some dangerous eaten fluid, then you are mistaken. There are much more secure and effective methods Return the old battery life. Who knows, maybe after that she is not yet one season will serve your car.

Recovery methods

The performance of any rechargeable battery depends on competent operation and proper selection Akb according to the features of your car. If you never checked and cleaned the terminal, do not know the capacity of the device and just at the first signal to dashboard Buy new battery, It is unlikely that you are interested in the recovery method.

But if you want an old gel or acid-alkaline battery to work, I will tell you about several of the most effective ways to achieve the goal. All of them are held at home and are considered fairly safe. Elementary measures are followed by. But no potential threat does not carry an independent recovery of the battery resource in itself.

I have 4 ways for you:

• using distilled water;
• reverse charging method;
• electrolyte replacement technique;
• application of small current.

What to choose from this, decide for yourself. My task is to try to tell about them in detail.

Honestly, I recently stopped engaging like. Simply no need. New car Works perfectly, the battery confidently holds. But on the old car actively practiced all four methods. In different situations resorted to various ways. So decide how to use.

After examining each technique, you will find the best.

Small current

Immediately I will say that this method is relevant only for acid-alkaline batteries. I did not try to restore the gel. And I do not advise you, for I can't say anything about the results.

• The structure of acid-alkaline acb includes lead negative and positive plates placed in sulfuric acid. This lead element in childhood I met in the yard at every step. Eh, were times;
• The basis of the return to life of the device is repeated recharging;
• Mandatory condition - the use of current with a small force;
• You will need a UPS and battery charger;
• From the battery of the battery will be able to obtain a current with a constant force and characteristics, which will provide competent sequential recovery;
• There is a mandatory break between procedures;
• The first charging is made on a small current, and in subsequent processes of recharging it is gradually increased;
• As a result, your battery must stop charging;
• Include charging with pauses. Due to this, the potentials of the electrodes are aligned;
• Do not be afraid, no harm to the electrodes you will not apply using this method;
• Pauses are needed that the dense electrolyte moves from the plates to the interelectrode space;
• This technique contributes to the gradual increase in the parameters of the electrolyte density of the AKB;
• Wait for the voltage to be 2.5 W, and the density will reach the nominal value for your battery;
• Do not forget to periodically disable. In total, the process should be divided into 8 stages;
• Charging uses a current that is 10 times less than the capacity of the charged battery.

Not so difficult, but long. We will have to gain patience.

New electrolyte

If you do not want to wait long, try the following method. It provides for the replacement of old electrolyte to a new one. Practice has shown that the method is quite efficient. When I tried it, was skeptical. But no, everything was fine.

• Unscrew it with a screwdriver with a screwdriver and drain all the liquid from the system;
• Rinse the design using hot or warm water;
• At 100 grams of water, add 3 teaspoons of soda. Better even distillate;
• The solution is brought to a boil and poured instead of electrolyte. Wait 30 minutes, and then drain. Similar procedure, spend 3 times;
• After the last addition of soda, rinse the device several times with hot water so that all alkalis remnants come out;
• The new electrolyte is poured inside and closes tightly.

This method is applied on a variety of batteries on cars. Then you still have to put it for charging within 24 hours. And then another 6 hours of charging every day for 10 days. Charging place in mode between 14 and 16 W, and current strength is not more than 10 A.

Reverse Charging Method

The option is not bad, does not require the presence of a powerful current source. If you have something like a welding inverter, then it is worth considering the method.

The device must produce voltage at least 20 W and current strength at least 80 A.

• Unscrew the cork on top of the battery;
• Plus, charging is connected to minus battery;
• The minus battery is a plus from your charger;
• If you do everything competently and according to the instructions, then the battery life will last for several years.

If you notice that during the restoration of the battery boils, do not be afraid. Charges in this way the device is 30 minutes. Disabling and underson you can not.

When the charge is restored, drain the electrolyte, rinse the hot water design and draw the procedures that I described in the section on the replacement of the electrolyte.

Having done everything as it should, connect the recovered battery to normal charging with the current no more than 15a and leave to charge for a day.

Distilled water

If you did not like the previous methods and video instructions did not help suddenly, do not worry. Another method remained based on the use of conventional distilled water.

The method allows you to return the battery for life in an hour.

• If the battery was discharged, pre-charge it using the appropriate device;
• When the battery charged, drain the entire electrolyte from it (for this simply remove the plugs from the design cover);
• Rinse the design inside with water, as I described in previous versions. But it is better to apply distillate;
• Further, the trilon b is poured into the ammonium type. This is a solution that consists of ammonia and a trilder by 5 and 2%, respectively;
• Such liquid allows to carry out desulphitation (the process takes up to an hour);
• Gas releases and small splashes on the surface indicate the restoration;
• The gas is completely safe for your health, but the battery is better to put in a room with good ventilation;
• If the gas and splashes have stopped stand out, then the process is completed;
• Next we rinse everything in distillate several times;
• Fuel inside the electrolyte with the density parameters corresponding to your battery;
• Again, fully charged and the work is completed.

Yes, the process is not the most difficult and in some cases takes only a few hours of your time. But there are such batteries that are not subject to restoration. There is no other release here, you will have to buy a new device.

It is not necessary to immediately throw the battery if I started to disappear or scroll after the starter. In many cases, the battery is subject to repairs. Knowing how to restore the car battery, you can extend its operation for another few seasons.

Battery defects

Battery malfunctions can be caused by both external and internal causes. To the first one can attribute:

1. Damage (cracks) of the plastic battery case caused by external influences or processes in the battery itself (overheating, bloating, etc.). With significant damage, repair is inappropriate and better to purchase new battery. Minor damage can be eliminated independently with the help of improvised tools and materials, pre-drained the entire electrolyte. At the end repair work You should pour fresh electrolyte and charge the battery.
2. Oxidation of contact terminals. Repair comes down to stripping oxides with sandpaper and rag or cloth. We will not be cleaned with contacts and on connected cables. Upon completion of stripping, contacts and terminals can be treated with a small portion of the engine oil.

The list of internal faults looks slightly impressive, and some of them do not allow recover the battery at all:

1. For incorrect use Batteries, for example, deep discharge or systematic subwage, may damage the elements. And in case of finding a discharged battery in the cold freezes the electrolyte, which causes damage to the plates or housing. The restoration of the battery in such cases is inappropriate.
2. Skipping coal plates Diagnosed when electrolyte darkening. The restoration of the battery in this case is also unreal and should be purchased new.
3. Sulfate plates is the most common internal malfunction of the battery. At its initial stage, the battery is reduced and slightly below will be indicated, as is done.
4. Circuit plates. The sign of this defect is overheating by one of the cans and boiling in it electrolyte. In some cases, salvation is the replacement of lead plates, but you need to be prepared and to a complete replacement of the battery.

Recovery methods

Sulfation

The manifestation of this defect is the white beam of a large-crystal sulfate lead on the plates. The crystal layer covers the pores of the active substance, preventing the passage of electrolyte when charging the battery. Because of this fault, resistance inside the battery with a simultaneous decrease in its capacity increases sharply. As a result, the battery begins to rapidly charge. The values \u200b\u200bof electrolyte and voltage temperatures are also noticeably growing, which entails a sharp release of gases. After installing in the car, such a battery is extremely quickly discharged.

Sulfate battery plates

Sulfation may occur due to the discharge of the battery less than 10.2 V, its continuous storage in a state of discharge, too low electrolyte levels in banks, its low density or contamination by third-party impurities.

The battery is reduced only with a slight sulfate. If the process went far, then the battery will have to be changed. The recovery process is to carry out multiple charging cycles - battery discharges.

First you need to make a complete charge of the battery and bring the density value of the electrolyte to a value of 1.285 g / cm3. This can be done, poured a more dense (1.4 g / cm3) electrolyte.

Attention! In no case do not add acid! It will only aggravate the situation.

If there is a need to reduce density, it will be necessary to add distilled water.

After that, it is necessary to retail the time and discharge the current with a current of about 0.5 A, using the incandescent lamp. It is necessary to achieve a reduction in voltage in each bank to 1.7 V either to 10.2 V in the entire battery. Next, using the size of the discharge current and the time spent, the real capacity of the battery should be determined. If its value is lower than the nominal, then the charge-discharge procedure will have to be repeated. Practice shows that in most cases it is enough to carry out 3-4 charge-discharge cycles. Having achieved the nominal value of the container, you can read the battery restored, put it for charging and, at its end, operate in normal mode.

Short circuit

This defect may occur when separators malfunction or plates in the process of discharged with high-pressure current (long-term use of the starter, or a schrah sample). The active substance begins to penetrate the crack through the crack plate. Sloping down, it fills the inner space and connects the diverse plates. The value of the discharge current increases, which leads to the output of the battery.

Damage to the separators of the battery plates

Troubleshooting consists in adding a special desulfatoric additive to the electrolyte. Previously, its density must be brought to 1.28 g / cm3. The resulting mixture for complete dissolution should be left for 48 hours, and then pour into the battery and again measure the density value.

If its value has not changed noticeably, then you can proceed to the charging process - discharge, which should be repeated several times. If the battery does not heat the battery in the charging process, and the electrolyte does not boil, then the current strength can be half reduced. If two hours later, the density value has not changed, the charging can be stopped.

With a noticeable change in the density value, more than 1.28 g / cm3 in the electrolyte it is necessary to add water, and with a deviation in a smaller side - sulfuric acid. By bringing the density value to the nominal level, you can repeat the charging process.

There are also cases when dirt, fat and moisture create a conductive layer, which will slowly kill your battery, and discharge under the "zero" in the winter. This phenomenon is quite rare and the mechanic may not know about him or simply miss that in the end will lead to an erroneous recommendation on the replacement of the battery. Leakage is easy to check with the help of a multimeter, eliminating premature spending.

Battery leakage

Reverse charging

The process consists in changing the polarity of the battery. Before restoring the car battery in this way, it is necessary to find a powerful voltage source of at least 20 V and current at least 80 A. It is quite suitable for the welding machine.

To begin, it is necessary to open the jacks of cans and connect the "plus" of the voltage source to the "minus" battery, and the "minus" of the source to its "plus". Then you can proceed to the charging process for half an hour. The electrolyte will boil violently. At the end of the charging, turn off the equipment, drain the electrolyte, rinse the hot water battery and pour fresh electrolyte.

After that, using the usual 10-15 ampere charger, the ACB should be charged during the day. It should be remembered that the polarity of the battery has already changed.

After performing this process, the battery when properly operation May serve for a few more years.

Unqualified AKB

Almost all new models of cars are established so-called, which, according to manufacturers, should not distract attention. However, their operation and charging is characterized by some nuances.

First of all, it should be remembered that in the warm season such batteries are recharged in the car constantly. But their charging with a special device is more gentle and correct than a constant feeding from the autogenerator.

The situation varies significantly with the arrival of winter. In the frost, the lubricant in the engine is thick and the start current of the larger value is required for its launch. This can lead to a rapid battery discharge. Therefore, charging a non-servant battery in winter is an urgent need.

This process must be carried out very carefully, as it is impossible to determine the value of the electrolyte density. You can rely only on the value of residual voltage and draw conclusions from the current situation.

A partially charged battery should be continuously charged about three hours of voltage supply of 14-14.5 V, controlling only the value of the current for the current - from 25 A at the very beginning of the process to 0.20 and with full charge.

For a fully discharged battery, the charging cycle should last no less than a day and is carried out with a maximum of attention. The voltage regulator must be set to a value, numerically equal to ten percent of the capacitance of the charged battery in the amps-hours. At the first signs of active gas formation, the process should be discontinued. Upon completion of the charging, it is necessary to check the voltage value for compliance with the nominal value.

Oxidation of terminals

To prevent most of the problems of the automotive battery, it is enough to periodically clean contact terminals and conclusions, and once every six months to carry out its full charging using a stationary device. A regular care for rotating and driving parts of the engine and starter will extend the battery life of at least up to 5 years.

Hello everyone! Many motorists are familiar to the situation when their battery is hopelessly losing the container. But you do not need to rush to the store for a new one. After all, the old battery can still be returned to the system. You just need to know how to restore the car battery. We will talk about it about this.

Why battery breaks

Before you understand how to restore the car battery, let's determine the reasons why it fails.

Causes of capacity loss:

• sulfate plates - The most common malfunction. Diagnosed simply - the battery quickly loses the charge. It is usually possible to make the restoration of the container;
• one of the cans does not work - Most often occurs as a result of short circuit between contact plates. In this case, the closed bank begins to overheat and boil during operation by car. And in the battery, the capacity is strongly sitting - it is often not enough to start the car;
• sowing coal plates - The electrolyte becomes muddy or black. In this case, the battery is usually not subject to restoration;
• frozening electrolyte - If you use a low-density battery in severe frosts - the electrolyte will freeze. As a result - the case can crack, and the plates are deformed. In this case, it will definitely have to buy a new battery - the battery will not work.

If we say simply - the reasons for the premature failure of the battery two. Either the manufacturer's marriage, for example, poor-quality coating of plates, can lead to closures in banks. And the second reason is incorrect operation. Most often, resulting in plate sulfate.

Since this is the most common malfunction, let's consider it in more detail. It is worth noting that the recommendations on the restoration of AKB are referred to as acid batteries. Alkaline type is repaired differently.

What is sulfate plates

As you know, the principle of operation of an acid lead car battery is based on the use of liquid electrolyte. And its basic characteristic is the density that should be within 1.25 g / cm3 - 1.27 g / cm3 for the charged battery.

In the process of charging on lead plates, active substances accumulate, and the electrolyte density increases, because The distilled water is absorbed. And when the battery is discharged, its density drops, distillate is distilled, and sulfuric acid is absorbed.

Also, in the process of energy absorption, crystals begin to appear on the plates - lead sulfates. Under normal operation mode, i.e. When the battery works cyclical - this phenomenon does not harm it. With the next charging, sulfates are simply blurred.

But, in the work of the battery there is an unpleasant dependence:

• small discharge - small crystals are formed, which are easily dissolved;
• deep discharge - large sulfates appear that do not dissolve in electrolyte.

Thus, with incorrect operation of the battery, the surface of the plates is reduced by sulfate, and its container falls.

Desulfation of battery

Restoration of automotive batteries with a fallen container as a result of plate sulfate is made by such methods:

• physical cleaning of plates;
• chemical cleaning;
• desulfation using a charger.

Let's look at these ways in more detail.

Physical cleaning

This is a fairly extreme method. The recovery of the battery is reduced to the excavation of the packages of contact plates and their manual cleaning.

How to revive the battery:

• the windows are cut out in the top cover - it is best to do this with a thin soldering iron or a hot knife - in banks will not fly garbage from plastic. Although it is possible to use the electroltrol bike;
• the plates are removed through the holes and cleaned;
• after that, they need to be thoroughly rinsed with distilled water;
• inside the cans are also washed with distillate;
• contacts are placed back, the windows are sealed;
• the battery poured the electrolyte to the level;
• The battery is postponed.

On the one hand, everything is simple. And on the other, there is one big but - lead plates are very fragile, especially after a long use. Therefore, the likelihood is great in the process of cleaning. It is possible to repair your battery this way only in the case of its complete hopelessness.

Chemical method

For this, a special chemical solution of the trilder V. Battery resuscitation does not take much time - desulfation takes place in 1-2 hours. The only difficulty in the preparation of the solution itself.

What you need to do to restore the capacity:

• The battery is fully charged;
• electrolyte completely merges from it;
• banks are well washed with distilled water;
• a trilon solution is poured into the battery in and left for about an hour. The process of dissolving sulfates will be accompanied by gas dividing and boiling. When the reaction is over - the operation can be repeated;
• the battery must be rinsed again with distilled water, after which the fresh electrolyte of the desired density is poured into the jars;
• The battery is postponed.

This restoration method is quite effective after deep discharge. But there is in it and cons - during manipulations from the battery, the pieces of lead can get between the plates - as a result of banks can be shorted.

Desulfation of AKB using a charger

The most common method of repairing AKB at home is the use of charger. The process is simple, but long-term.

Repairs can be done in several ways, but their essence is reduced to the alternation of a complete charge with a discharge. Those. Sulfates dissolve naturally. Let's look at how to restore the old battery using a charger.

By the way, first of all, you need to check the level of electrolyte. If it is below the norm - be sure to add distilled water. Pouring electrolyte is impossible - in the process of desulfation, its density will rise, and it is a plates.

Pulse charge

To do this, you will need a charger for AKB, which can work in pulse mode and equipped with the function of desulfation. It connects to batteries and everything. The device itself makes desulfate.
The principle of operation is quite simple:

• the battery is charging on a small current for 10 minutes;
• then the load is fed to it and it is discharged for one minute.

The time interval can be different, but the essence does not change. This option can be used in rigorous cases. Another minus is the price of the device. It may be higher than the cost of the battery and varies in the range of 5-10 thousand rubles.

Restoration of ordinary charger

The easiest and most affordable method. Moreover, the usual charger has most motorists. Let's deal with how to restore the battery in this way.

Sequencing:

• Akb needs to be charged on low current. We put on the charging 14 V and 0.8-1 A. The battery must be charged for 8-10 hours. If it starts to boil - you need to reduce the current;
• the result of such a recharging will be a small voltage rise in AKB;
• Akb is removed from charging and defended during the day;
• after that, it is necessary to slightly increase the current - up to 2-2.5 A and leave the battery to charge for 7-8 hours;
• as a result, the density and tension should rise a little;
• the battery is discharged to 9 V. To do this, connect to the terminals of the car lamp far Light And wait until he sees;
• the cycle is repeated until the voltage is obtained in 12V and normal density.

The method of course is not fast, but quite efficient and allows you to revive fairly running batteries.

If the bank closed in the battery

This breakdown is very detrimental for the entire battery, because Disabled bank has an impact on working. The fact is, while charging the battery, the voltage is evenly distributed between all the packages of the plates. And when one bank does not work, too high current is fed to the rest. As a result, the acid battery begins to boil, which causes sulfate plate.

Let's figure out how to restore the car battery with a non-working bank. In fact, not everything is so scary:

• it is necessary to find out which bank is not working. When charging, it can boil, or vice versa - others will boil, and the closed will be dead;
• the entire electrolyte is poured out of the bank;
• in the upper cover the hole is cut;
• lead plates come from banks and are well rinsed in distilled water;
• now you need to find the cause of the closure - for this plate carefully examine. By the way, if the Akb is old - the cause of the closure can be in the sediment at the bottom of the bank. Therefore, if it is - it needs to be washed;
• after, washing and inspection, the package is placed back to the jar, and the cover is searched.

If you do everything carefully - the high probability that the battery can be repaired. It is important to remember that it can not be strongly pool and turn over the legs - the other plates can be closed.

If the battery is non-servant

Restore the maintenance-free battery is much more complicated - there are no access to banks. Those. There is no possibility to check the density of the electrolyte. In some forums, the question can be reached before the internal batteries, they advise to drill the top cover.

It is better not to do this - in such batteries, a gas feed system is arranged in the upper lid. If it is broken - the battery will not be exactly repaired. So let's consider how to correctly restore such batteries:

• first, you need to determine the level of electrolyte in banks. Make it can be translucent of their bright flashlight;
• if it is below the norm - in the upper part of the battery (above the electrolyte level) there is a small hole - 2-3mm in diameter;
• through it the syringe poured distilled water;
• holes are searched.

Also, cyclic charge and discharge helps to restore the tank.

Helium battery

Restoring gel batteries is somewhat simpler - nothing to drill. This type of battery cannot be restored in two cases:

• destruction of plates. Usually occurs during the long-term use of AKB at high temperatures;
• battery bloating.

Unlike acid, helium batteries, most often fail completely.

What needs to be done for resuscitation:

• remove top cover;
• under the lid there are rubber caps - they also need to be removed;
• it is advisable to take a flashlight and enjoy the inside of each bank. If the surface of the plates is light and normal form - we go to the next step. And if inside the black tube, the battery can be thrown out - it will not work back to life;
• inside each jar is added two cubes of distilled water and the battery is sealing. It is important to trace so that the top cover of the village is tight.

If he has greatly lost the capacity - it can be reanimated, driving cyclic charges and discharges. This procedure is described above, the main thing is not to discharge the acb below 10.5 V.

Thus, restore the battery with your own hands is quite possible. Of course, it will take time, and in some cases the result may not be very. But, nevertheless, it's worth trying. A new battery you will always have time. In addition, dried accumulators are restored by the same ways.

On this, I hope the material was useful, and you can restore your battery. Do not forget to leave your comments.

The result of the repair always depends on the determination of the master to achieve a conceived effect and its readiness to spend the right amount of forces, tools and time. The cost of repairing batteries must be specified after a thorough check and installation of the diagnosis of "disease". Repair of the car accumulator with its efforts is justified if the estimate of its repair will be not more than half the price of a similar new product, taking into account that most of the work will be done with their own hands.

Repair of cracks or chip chip, violation of the integrity of contacts will cost symbolic costs. For expensive branded models, shabby, but retained at least half of the planned resource, the repair of batteries are usually carried out in car workshops.

If there is patience and desire to understand the repair of the car battery do it yourself - watch the video:

But it is better to refer to the literature on the maintenance and repair of automotive equipment of the 60-70s of the last century. Let you not be confused by the age of the source - over the past 30-40 years, acid batteries have become perfect, but the main breakdowns and repair methods remained the same. Usually the topic - how to repair the car battery, decomposed on the shelves to the smallest details.

The acid-lead batteries are sick

Problems with the tightness of the case arise as a result of careless handling of the battery. Modern materials, impact-resistant acid-resistant plastics, for example, polypropylene, well transfer mechanical and thermal impact. The exceptions are cases when the battery case is destroyed due to the internal circuit of the plates of the electrodes when charging the current. Then a lot of heat is released, the excess pressure of gases and water vapor is formed.

For the repair of cracks in the battery case, you will need:

We carry out the repair in the following order:

• if the crack on the housing is below the electrolyte level, drain it from the battery using a large medical syringe with an arched piece of polychlorvinyl tube, 20-25 cm long;

Important! Despite the numerous advice of Internet specialists to drain the electrolyte by simply tipping the battery, it is categorically impossible to do it. When the battery is turned over, the sediment of lead oxide, going in special pockets at the bottom of the housing, is able to cause an interelectrode closure of the plates and finally remove the battery.

• a sharp knife formed along the entire length of the crack V-shaped groove. At the ends of a thin drill, unfold the tiny holes in 1mm. They are needed to prevent the further development of the crack;
• heat the soldering iron or in the flame of the ordinary candle of the bracket to a temperature of 400-450 degrees. Carefully fuse them in the edges of the crack every 12-15 mm. Such a bandage will keep the edges of the crack in contact;
• we make a thermal screen from heat-resistant material, canonite, 10x15 cm. In the sheet cut the slot, dimensions and shape exactly coinciding with the geometry of the crack. We combine cutout with a shape of the groove and securely fix on the battery case;
• for soldering, you can use a special soldering rod or tape, and you can make the solder with your own hands. Cut from the harvested polypropylene thin, like a thread, strips. Their length and quantity should correspond to about the volume of the material required to fill the V-shaped slot. We turn into a thin tight harness;
• heat the halter with a halter, we melt the edge of the solder material and press it with an effort to the beginning of the crack. Warming polypropylene solder and crack, we sequentially close the whole slit;
• in addition to soldering, the crack can be sealed with a polystyrene dissolved in dichloroetane, or solvent KR-30. For the sticker of the patch surface around the crack at a distance of 15-20 mm, it is necessary to handle the sandpaper and degrease the acetone.

Sulfate electrodes

Statistics studies of the Battery Council Int. He speaks - in 80%, the cause of the failure of the battery is plate sulfate.

One of the available types of auto batteries with your own hands is to eliminate the sulfate of the battery plates. The surface of the electrode is covered by a whitening flaw that prevents the normal flow of current. The capacity of the battery, even after the full discharge cycle, is less than charge.

How to repair the battery with your own hands, knows any experienced motorist. With a low degree of sulfate electrodes, the precipitate on the surface of the plates still has loose and porous consistency.

Experts are offered to repair a car battery with simple and efficient procedures:

• replace the electrolyte in the battery with warm distilled water. A few hours in the battery will occur a chemical response of salts from the surface of the electrodes. Distilled water, as the salts transition to the solution, will turn into an electrolyte, the terminals will have a potential of 7-10 volts;
• drain the resulting solution and rinse the battery several times, first distilled water, and then a clean electrolyte;
• calm the battery capacity with a reduced density electrolyte and put it on charge with a charge current limit no more than 116 nominal capacity by 10-12 hours;
• using a conventional car light bulb, discharge the battery for 7-8 hours. Cycle charge-discharge must be repeated at least 4-5 times.

In the absence of problems with the closure, warping of plates, repair, battery capacity can restore up to 80-85% initial.

Tip! Use asymmetric current to charge the battery, its effectiveness is confirmed by practice, and many manufacturers of specialized chargers implement a similar function in their products.

If sulfate plates reached 30-40% of the electrode surface, repair the battery with your own hands is still possible, but already using chemicals:

• the electrolyte is drained from the charged battery and replace it with 2% aqueous solution of the preparation "Trilon B" with an additive of 5% ammonia;
• after 60 minutes, the solution is drained and the banks are washed with distilled water;
• after washing, the electrolyte is poured and charged to 1/10 from the battery capacity. If necessary, the procedure is repeated two or three times;
• such technology makes it easy and effectively repairing batteries not only by automotive, any similar, most importantly - with their own hands and forces;

Internal closure of electrodes in one of the batteries

The liquidation of internal circuit in the bank is one of the last, available types of repair of the battery with their own hands. Accumulator battery It has six groups of pairs of electrodes, called banks collected in the hermetic case sequentially. Each of the cans may consist of 6-10 pairs of atolar electrodes separated by special dielectric insulators - separators. If the separator is destroyed, or for any other reasons between a pair of positive and negative electrodes there will be direct contact, the ability of electrodes to accumulate energy will be lost.

How to repair the battery in a similar situation - repair is possible only if the closure is caused by lead microparticles accumulated at the bottom of the battery and formed a kind of jumper between the electrodes. To do this, in the bottom of the closed banks, a small hole is drilled and a flowing electrolyte is washed away by the estimated cause of the closure - bottom sediment of lead slam. If 3-4 one-time flushing did not give the desired results, the battery is selected.

Before making a decision on the possibility and impossibility of repair lithium batteries, consider the health of the control units, controllers, wiring and contact group.

The reasons for the failure of a lithium battery are several:

• failure of the control system board (BMS), the battery repair is reduced to the usual replacement of the controller;
• fitting wiring, switches and load switching devices. With the help of the car tester, they check serviceability, and if necessary, replace the element;
• if the first two factors are excluded, directly lithium elements are subject to repair, of which the battery is gained.

Comment! In case of failure of part of lithium battery elements, the cost of repair, their revision and replacement will be comparable to the new battery price.