How to calculate the capacity of the container of various shapes. Why is the actual capacity of automotive fuel tanks more than the nominal container? How to find out the volume of the car's tank

The volume of filling gasoline can be less if liquid accumulates in the tank. Capacity options cannot be changed, but the composition of its contents will be different. If you get into the water tank, you can observe the following:

• difficulties with the vehicle in the morning;
• uneven engine operation;
• the need for longer to warm the car before launching.

Water enters the tank for various reasons. You can remove it in one way:

1. Mix with pure alcohol gasoline (from 200 to 500 milliliters), after which to pour these liquids into the tank under fuel.
2. Through a spool on the fuel ramp. This is a more complex way, as you need to merge with a hose liquid into any transparent container. To do this, supply voltage to fuel pump with a diagnostic pad.
3. Digging manually with a long and thin hose from the dropper. You will need to install a bucket or any container under fluid in watching pit or just below the tank level.

You can prevent water from entering the benzobak with the help of maintaining a constant fuel level in it (it is desirable to refuel "under the string"). If you need to add gasoline into a rainy or foggy day, fill the tank for fuel to 100%. This simple technique will allow you to displace the humid air from the system, which settles the condensate while driving. Later in the fall, pour into the system of clean alcohol (enough 200 milliliters) to remove the accumulated water and prevent its freezing.

Tanks and tanks are used for transportation and storage of various types of fuel, oil, water and gas, some building materials, chemicals, as well as food products. Many do not know how to calculate the capacity of the tank, because they may have a different geometric shape:

• Cone;
• Cylinder;
• Spheres;
• Rectangular parallelepiped.

In our article, you will get acquainted with the nuances of the calculation for specific geometric bodies.

How to find out the volume of rectangular packaging

In the field of construction, all indicators of volume are shown to specific values. Calculations can be carried out in liters or DM 3 But most often cubic meters are used to determine the number of one material. How to calculate the cubature of the simplest rectangular capacities we describe further on a specific example.

To work, we will need a container, a construction roulette and a notebook with a handle or pencil for computation. From the course of geometry it is known that the volume of such bodies is calculated by multiplying the length, widths and heights of the product. The calculation formula comes down to the following

V \u003d A * B * C, where a, b and s - side of the container.

For example, the length of our product is 150 centimeters, the width is 80 centimeters, the height of 50 centimeters. For the correct calculation of the cubature, the specified values \u200b\u200bare translated into meters and carry out the necessary calculations V \u003d 1.5 * 0.8 * 0.5 \u003d 0.6 m3.

How to determine the volume of spherical

Spherical products are found in our life almost every day. It can be a bearing element, a soccer ball or a type of ballpoint pen. In some cases, we need to learn how to calculate the cube of the sphere to determine the amount of fluid in it.

According to experts, the formula is used to calculate the volume of this figure V \u003d 4 / 3ԉr3Where:

• V - calculated the volume of the part;
• R- radius of the sphere;
• ԉ - a constant value that is equal to 3.14.

To carry out the necessary calculations, we need to take the roulette, fix the beginning of the measuring scale and measure the measurement, and the roulette tape should pass along the equator of the ball. After that, the diameter of the part will recognize, dividing the size by the number ԉ.

And now you will get acquainted with a specific example of calculating for the sphere, if its circumference is 2.5 meters. First, we define the diameter of 2.5 / 3.14 \u003d 0.8 meters. Now we substitute this value in the formula:

V \u003d (4 * 3,14 * 0.8³) / 3 \u003d 2,14m³

How to calculate the volume of the tank made in the form of a cylinder

Such geometric shapes are used for storing food, fuel transportation and other purposes. Many do not know how to calculate the volume of water, but the main nuances of this process we describe further in our article.

The height of the liquid in the cylindrical container is determined by the special device of the metr stitch. In this case, the tank capacity is calculated by special tables. Products with special measurement tables of volume in life are rare, so we will come up to solving the problem by another way and we describe how to calculate the volume of the cylinder according to the special formula - V \u003d S * L, where

• V- The volume of the geometric body;
• S is the area of \u200b\u200bthe product cross section in specific units of measurement (m³);
• L is the length of the tank.

The indicator L can be measured with the help of the same roulette, but the area of \u200b\u200bthe cylinder cross section will have to be considered. The indicator S is calculated by the formula S \u003d 3.14 * D * D / 4, where D is the diameter of the cylinder circle.

And now you will get acquainted with a specific example. Suppose the length of our tank is 5 meters, its diameter is 2.8 meters. First, we calculate the cross-sectional area of \u200b\u200bthe geometric figure S \u003d 3.14 * 2.8 * 2.8 / 4 \u003d 6.15m. And now you can proceed to the calculation of the volume of the tank 6.15 * 5 \u003d 30.75 m³.

With help online calculator You can correctly calculate the volume of the type of capacity: cylinder, barrels, tanks, or liquid volume in any other horizontal cylindrical container.

We define the amount of liquid in an incomplete cylindrical tank

All parameters indicate millimeters

L. - Height of the barrel.

H. - Liquid level.

D. - Tank diameter.

Our program B. online mode Calculate the amount of fluid in the container will determine the surface area, free and common cub.

The determination of the main parameters of the cubature of the tanks (for example, the usual barrel or tank) should be based on the geometric method of calculating the capacity of cylinders. In contrast to the methods of calibration of the container, where the calculation of the volume is performed in the form of real measurements of the amount of fluid by the measuring line (according to the testimony of the metrshtock).

V \u003d S * L - the formula for calculating the volume of the tank of the cylindrical form, where:

L - body length.

S - Square cross section Reservoir.

According to the results obtained, the calibration tables of the containers are created, which are still called targeting, allow you to determine the weight of the liquid in the tank in the proportion and volume. These parameters will depend on the filling level of the tank, which can be measured using the metr stitch.

Our online calculator provides the ability to calculate the capacity of horizontal and vertical containers on the geometric formula. You can find out the useful capacity of the tank more accurately if you correctly determine all the main parameters that are listed above and participate in the calculation.

How to determine the basic data

Determine the lengthL.

With the help of a conventional roulette, you can measure the length L of a cylindrical tank with a non-planning bottom. To do this, you need to measure the distance between the crossing lines of the bottom with the cylindrical body of the container. In the case where the horizontal tank with a flat bottom, then in order to determine the size L, it suffices to measure the length of the tank over the outside (from one edge of the tank to the other), and from the resulting result, the bottom thickness obtained.

Determine Diameter D.

The easiest way to determine the diameter D of the cylindrical barrels. For this, it is enough with the help of a roulette to measure the distance between two any extreme dots of the lid or edge.

If it is difficult to correctly perform the calculation of the diameter of the container, then in this case you can use the measurement of the circumference length. To do this, with the help of ordinary roulette, we wrap the entire tank around the circumference. For correctly calculating the circle make two measurements in each section of the tank. For this surface, the measured must be clean. Having learned the average circumference of our capacity - the Locre, we turn to the definition of the diameter according to the following formula:

This method is the easiest, since often measurement of the diameter of the tank is accompanied by a number of difficulties associated with the cliff on the surface. of various types equipment.

Important! Diameter measurements are correct to fully perform in three different sections of the container, and then perform the counting of the average value. Since often, these data may differ significantly.

The averaged values \u200b\u200bafter three measurements allow you to minimize the error of calculating the volume of the cylindrical reservoir. As a rule, the storage tanks used during operation are exposed to deformation, may lose strength, decrease in size, which leads to a decrease in the amount of fluid inside.

Determine the levelH.

To determine the level of fluid, in our case it is H, we need a meterstock. With this measuring element, which is lowered to the bottom of the tank, we will be able to accurately determine the parameter H. But these calculations will be correct for reservoirs with a flat bottom.

As a result of the counting of online calculator, we get:

• Free volume in liters;
• The amount of fluid in liters;
• Liquid volume in liters;
• The total area of \u200b\u200bthe tank in m²;
• DNA area in m²;
• Side surface area in m².

Of course, drivers most often do not allow a gasoline light bulb in the car, which warns about low fuel in the tank. This warning indicates that it is time to avoid the car. But should we immediately go to refueling and refueling the car? How much time do we have time before gasoline or diesel fuel end in the car? Here is a detailed table for many car models, which details discloses information about how much fuel remains in the tank, after dashboard There was a warning of low gasoline or diesel fuel.

The table published below is an exemplary value for a particular car model. Please note that the data is given for cars produced until 2015 inclusive. Also keep in mind that some values \u200b\u200bin the table may differ slightly from real indicators.

But on average the following values \u200b\u200bare obtained: passenger cars, after the fuel level light lights up in the tank, can still drive about 50 kilometers, when both SUVs and crossovers, which are usually increased fuel tanks, can drive on a burning fuel light bulb Approximately 150 kilometers.

Does this mean that car owners can, when alerts appear on a low fuel dashboard, do not rush to refueling? Of course not. Especially if you are in an unfamiliar area and do not have an idea of \u200b\u200bwhat distance will be as follows.

That is, despite the fact that in any car, the fuel tank has a certain fuel reserve, after the burning lamp appears, signaling about a low level of fuel in the tank, you should fix your car as soon as possible and not allow this warning to appear again. Always keep the fuel level in the tank until the burning fuel light on the dashboard appears.

Is it dangerous to ride with low fuel in the tank?

Many people do not know, but besides the risk, stay without fuel, in case of ignoring a low-level fuel prevention, there are still a number of problems with which any car owner can face, which often travels on an empty tank.

For example, frequent trips on an empty tank can prematurely output the catalyst in exhaust system In order to be repaired or acquired a new, which is associated with huge cash spending.

Including frequent rides at a low level of fuel in the tank can be due to the gas station. The fact is that the fuel that we refuel on the gas station is not really clean (especially in Russia) and it contains various factions of pollution that settle at the bottom of the tank. With a low level of fuel, we risk that such a precipitate can get into the fuel pump through the gas station. Especially ,. It is at this moment that the particles of the tank can fall into the fuel pump. At normal fuel level, similar risk of pollution fuel system Minimized.

So if you do not want to spoil your own, then regularly and fill your car on time, without bringing the fuel level to low values \u200b\u200bthat lead to the appearance of a burning lamp on the dashboard.

Is the reserve of the course on the onboard computer of the car?

Many car owners are often focused on the sorting computer readings. vehiclewhich shows you a possible reserve of stroke. Therefore, some drivers and bring the car to a low level of fuel, relying on an indicator of the on-board computer, believing that the specified reserve of the truthful stroke.

Also, many drivers when a low-level fuel warning appears, immediately look at the side of the on-board computer in order to find out how much another car can drive on the fuel, which remains in the tank (stroke).

But, unfortunately, the stroke is not accurate, as it is based only on the average values \u200b\u200bof your movement along the road in the past.

The fact is that the electronics of the car will not be able to show the truthful reserve of the course, as can not consider your current conditions of movement in real time, affecting the consumption of gasoline or diesel fuel.

For example, if you appear on the dashboard lamp, warning you about a low fuel in the car's tank, drove along the highway, and now they got into the plug, then the stroke reserve is displayed on on board computerIn fact, incorrect, since this indicator is calculated when driving along the highway, where fuel consumption is actually much less than in dense traffic in the city.

Therefore, do not expect that when you prevent a low fuel level, you can travel still a lot.

So how much fuel in the tank remains from the moment of the appearance on the dashboard of the burning light bulb and how many kilometers can still be driving until the fuel is complete?

If you can still answer the first question, it is easy enough, then what the distance you can drive on an empty tank, after on the instrument panel of the car, the fuel lamp caught fire, to say unequivocally very hard because it depends on real expenditure Fuel your car at a certain point in time.

And the flow depends on many factors, ranging from your driving style and weather conditions, as well as ending with rubber and road surface installed on the car.

We already, which disclosed in detail information about the stream of the course on the empty tank. .

The same article complements the last, and also expands useful information For motorists.

Here is a detailed table on car models, which shows detail how much fuel in the tank remains in your machine after a burning light will appear on the dashboard, a low fuel warning driver. Also from the table you will learn how the distance on average you can drive after a warning about an empty tank.

Table of fuel residue in the tank after sunbathing light bulbs on the dashboard

(by brands and models)

Yes, sometimes we can be in a situation where it will not work on time to get used your car. In this case, on the tidy, in any case, a warning will appear sooner or later that gasoline or diesel ends soon.

We advise you not to ignore this warning of the electronics of the car. But there is no need to panic. You still have time to find gas station to fix your car. Thanks to this table, you can approximate how much fuels you have in the tank, as well as what is the stock of the car, after the lamp appears on the low fuel level in the tank.

Each car does not have a certain standard according to the parameter of the volume, which all car manufacturers would adhere to. Let's figure out what the fuel tanks are of different types, Determine the features and device of these items.

How manufacturers are calculated

It is believed that in the car should be enough fuel so that it can drive 500 kilometers on one refueling. it sustained rulewhich many automakers adhere to. Consequently, capacity fuel tank It will be different for cars with increased and reduced fuel consumption.

On average, the fuel tank accommodates 55-70 liters of gasoline, however, due to the reduced fuel consumption of small-grade engines, there is a tendency to reduce the capacity of the fuel tank. It is logical, because a passenger car with a small engine working volume is needed much less fuel in order to drive 500 km. In addition, the effectiveness of the fuel itself is growing due to the increase octane number and the use of different additives, which also implies savings and decrease in tank capacity. A large jeep with a voracious engine "Eat" much more than gasoline, therefore, and the fuel tank should be more specific.

As for the diesel engine, the fuel tank of cars consuming diesel fuel, often less compared to gasoline cars. This is logical, since the efficiency of diesel fuel is higher than the PDD of gasoline. Consequently, a car with a 40-liter tank, fully filled with diesel fuel, will drive the same distance as the machine with a complete 50-liter tank. But it is too rude comparison.

Fuel tanks of cars of passenger type

To approximately be clear the numbers, you need to contact technical parameters cars. The new "Lada Vesta" of the Russian concern "AvtoVAZ" is equipped with a 55 liter tank capacity. This is a rather high indicator, and the nearest competitors are "Kia Rio" and "Hyundai Solaris" - are equipped with 43 liters tanks. The consumption of fuel of these machines is approximately the same, which means that Lada will pass at full refueling a greater distance, which is one of the advantages.

Larger car "Volkswagen Tiguan" is equipped with a 58-64 liter tank (depends on the specific modification), and such huge cars like Toyota Land Cruiser.With greater fuel consumption, 93 liter tanks have.

As for the sizes, then everything is much more complicated. Some manufacturers make rectangular tanks, the size of which can approximately be 60x40x20 cm. There are tanks with perfectly excellent sizes, and some manufacturers adapt these tanks for fuel so that they fit into the design. Their size cannot be described in three or four parameters.

Tank capacity of trucks

As for trucks, the KAMAZ machine is popular, the fuel tank, which, depending on the model, can have a different volume. The minimum capacity is 125 liters. However, due to the large fuel consumption, KAMAZ is not able to go through a large distance (and even with a cargo) on such a tank, so the manufacturer has also provided other containers that are used on this car. Thus, the KAMAZ fuel tank can have a capacity from 125 to 600 liters at a step of 50 or 40 liters.

There may also be non-standard modifications of tanks by 700 liters. The fact is that not only the manufacturer has manufactured fuel tanks, and third-party manufacturers can also be engaged. In general, the market is a small chance to find the products of the KAMAZ plant, most often there are tanks from third-party manufacturers.

The second popular cargo car is Gazelle. Although this car It is a cargo, the fuel tank of the Gazelle accommodates only 60 liters of gasoline. And it is very uncomfortable, given that the consumption of the fuel of the car is quite large. Consequently, when driving at long distances, you have to take with you additional canisters with fuel.

Some owners of these cars change the old, a small tank to the new one. Third-party manufacturers are produced for gas supplies fuel tanks with a capacity of up to 150 liters.

All this allows us to conclude that the fuel tank is changing, not a constant value, and for different cars It is different. Even in two identical models, completely different tanks for fuel with different capacity can be used.

Huge tanks of SCANIA 113 and have tanks at all for 450-500 liters. XF can have an 870-liter fuel container, and the F90 with a large load capacity is equipped with a tank for 1,260 liters. It is just incredibly large roomy, and small 45-liters of passenger cars on their background look just ridiculous.

Fuel tank device

Now, when we are clear how many liters, the fuel tank can accommodate gasoline, you can talk about its device. On the passenger cars It is placed in the back of the body, under passenger seats. At the same time, it is closed with a solid metal plate to avoid deformation in a collision, as well as isolate from overheating using special heat insulating gaskets.

Material

Tanks can be made of metal, aluminum, plastics. Aluminum containers are used to store diesel and gasoline fuel, steel - for gas. As for plastic tanks, they became very popular recently because of the simplicity of production and molding. Due to the peculiarities of plastics quickly acquire the necessary form, manufacturers create tanks of different constructive difficulties. In addition, this material is not subject to corrosion, protects well from leaks through the use of different technologies (the coating of the inner surface with fluorine is one of them).

Fuel tank

Fill the tank through the neck, which is most often over the rear wing of the right or left side. Experts explain that from the point of view of the safety of the neck of the fuel tank is the left side, because when refueling it reduces the chances of touching before the refueling gun is removed from the tank. So the driver better controls the process.

A neck with a tank through the pipeline is connected, and it is located under a special lid of the fuel tank. This cover on old cars opens from the outside (that is, any passerby can open it), however modern machines The lid opens from the cabin. Most often using a mechanical opening method using a cable.

Fuel line

The supply of gasoline or diesel fuel into the power supply system is carried out through the output fuel line. Also for this, the fuel pump is used, which shakes gasoline from the tank into the engine power system. Fuel, which did not consume the engine, returns back to the tank. So gasoline is constantly circulating on the fuel line: part is spent on the engine operation, and the second - returns back.

Level control sensor

This sensor is in all tanks and is part of the fuel pump. If the gasoline level decreases, the float is lowered below. This entails a change in the resistance of the potentiometer associated with the float. As a result, the voltage in the power grid drops, and the arrow on the dashboard displays the change. So the driver sees how much gasoline remains in the tank.

Ventilation

One of the important systems is ventilation. The fact is that in the tank you should always maintain a pressure equal to the atmospheric, and the ventilation is responsible for it. Modern cars Equipped with a closed tank ventilation system, which prevents drop or pressure growth inside it. If the pressure inside the container drops, it can be deformed, and the pressure increase can generally break the tank on the part. Given that inside is fuel, the implementation of an effective ventilation system pays a lot of attention.

When fuel leaves the tank, the pressure in it drops, resulting in a vacuum. Thanks to the ventilation system, this effect is eliminated: the safety valve starts inside the air. This valve is located at the cap covers, and it can pass the air in only one direction.

When refueling into the tank, there is an excess air, which is why gasoline pairs are formed. These excess are displaced by the ventilation system using a special pipeline. Also, gasoline couples can also be formed at elevated temperature, which also entails the increase in pressure. And only the ventilation system saves the tank from its full break to pieces.

Conclusion

The car's fuel tank is a rather complicated design. Despite the seeming simplicity of the device, many different processes arise in the tank (evaporation, oxidation of fuel), which must be provided when developing these containers. But if you compare a tank device with a motor or at least with a power system, it will seem primitive.

Now you know how the fuel tank is arranged, what is its volume in passenger and trucks, as well as why he is so small in small poly. Against the background of all this, the tendency to reduce tank capacity in modern