Proper broaching cylinder head broach. Proper tightening of cylinder bolts. Golden tightening rules

Repair of the head of the cylinder block (GBC) is an important process that determines the operation of the engine and the car. BUT tightening cylinder - This is one of the key points. general repair node. From high-quality and proper tightening of the cylinder head depends reliable, correct and economical operation of the engine.

What is affected by the tightening of the head of the cylinder block

Such a job (tightening) is done when the reverse process for assembling the car motor is carried out. And how correctly, the cylinder head bolts are securely and firmly tightened, can strongly affect the operation of the combustion chamber, the gas distribution mechanism and the motor as a whole.

If the head of the cylinder block is tightened incorrectly, or not in the sequence, or weakly, it may entail the puncture of the gasket, which is installed between the GBC and the cylinder block. After damage to the laying of the consequences, it is difficult to predict correctly. Most often after such water from the cooling system hits motor oil. It turns out an emulsion that is much worse than engine oil lubricates the engine parts, and therefore the motor can quickly "jam".

In addition to getting water into engine oil, the engine power will decrease sharply, the sound of the motor, etc. In any case, there will be nothing good after the wrong tightening of the cylinder head.

To with sufficient effort to tighten the cylinder head bolts, be sure to use a special tool, in this case it is a dynamometric key. He has a special scale that will determine the effort with which you need to make a tight gBC bolts.. For each motor, there are tightening parameters for each motor, you will learn from the engine repair manual of this machine.

Next, we will try to explain in detail and demonstrate in the photo key points, how to securely and securely tighten the cylinder head bolts to provide for a long time reliable and properly operation of the car engine.

Instructions for tightening bolts GBC

As mentioned above, for tightening the head of the cylinder block, we use exclusively with a torque wrench. Rozhkov or precipitant keys cannot be tightened with the CBC with the desired effort, even if you use additional tools, lomik or pipe.

A dynamometer located near the handle shows which force was applied when tightening, and this requirement should be performed exactly. A small deviation is allowed from the requirements, about 0.5 kg / m.

After you took a torque wrench, remember the second requirement - the order of tightening bolts (nuts) of the cylinder head of the cylinder head. The order is a specific scheme that must be strictly performed.

The first central nuts (bolts) are tightened, and then gradually go to the edge of the GBC.

There are several head tightening schemes, and they are all correct. The main thing is to comply with the "Iron" rule: tighten the bolts (nuts) pairs from the center to the edges. And do not try to delay completely completely, so you can skew the head. Tightening in three stages: First, the bolts (nuts) are slightly tighten, then pull it hard, and then finally tighten. For the first tightening, the key dynamometer put up 3 kg / m position, further-more. Intermediate tightening must be "voiced" with characteristic crackling. This sound means that the nut (bolt) will reach correctly. Experienced mechanics are recommended to make a tight bolt (nuts diagonally).

After that, finally tighten the GBC, and the motor can be operated. The dynamometric key is set to the maximum position that the repair manual requires this car.

Important! After clicking, with the final tightening, the bolts (nuts) can not be further! This will lead to a breakdown of the thread.

After tightening the head of the cylinder block, let it "stand out." In order not to lose in vain time, you can still fasten the collector, and the other dismantled equipment, stretch the chain, etc. After waiting 30-40 minutes, make a test tighten.

The fact is that the gasket that is set between the head of the cylinder block and the engine itself itself has the property "sit down", that is, filling out irregularities and grooves that are on the surfaces of the CCC and the block, although they are not noticeable with the naked eye. If the control tighten is to ignore, then in the near future the gasket "sell", and repair the engine will have to be repeated.

Each car owner who has encountered the repair of the cylinder head, after completing the task, you will have to put this item in place. This procedure implies. If you do not do this, the tightness of the unit can be disturbed. Below we will examine how the moment of tightening the block of the VAZ 2106 is most important and what to take into account when installing the device.

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When do you need to make a tight?

To begin with, consider in what cases you need to draw a bolt of the head of the engine cylinder block of the car VAZ 2106:

1. If motor oil comes out from under the GBC. The problem indicates damage or natural wear of the block head laying. It is necessary to remove and replace the seal. The leakage may also be associated with the weakening of the bolts on the GBC. On the presence of the problem indicate oil stains, which appeared in the place of connecting the head with a motor block.
2. After repairing the power unit. If you shot fasteners in the Niva car or any other and moved the engine, then for successful assembly, you should consider the order of the battery and the scheme, as well as the power of tightening screws.
3. For prevention. Experts recommend tightening the bolts on the cylinder head every 2-3 thousand kilometers of run. When the engine operates in vibration conditions, it may cause screws, so they must be periodically checking and stretching in compliance with the effort.

Channel Garage Ilyich unveiled a video that will dismantle in the process of pulling the bolts of the block head on the "six".

How to tighten?

It is possible to stretch the bolts with the help of specialists or yourself. If you have never come across the need to perform this task, then we will analyze below how much the screws should be twisted and in which sequence do it.

Meet the torque of the tension, because if the block head bolts are pulled, it will lead to cracks and damage to the GBC. If this happens, the car owner will have to perform the overhaul of the aggregate. Working surface hole as well threaded compound The screws must be as clean as possible. You can use the iron wire brush to clean the cylinders. If during the task you detected "blind" holes for head screws, then carefully use the handling lubrication. If the volume of the substance is greater than required, it will occur with the installation of the pin until it stops.

Before performing a tightening, it is necessary to make visual diagnostics of the state of the bolts. If the fastening elements are damaged or worn, their quality is generally low, it is better not to stretch with these screws, it is recommended to change them to new ones.

Tools and materials

To cover the GBC, prepare only one tool - a dynamometric key that will determine the power of tightening screws. Buy the key is best in a specialized store or rent a service station, since this tool can only be used for twisting and tightness. Operation of a conventional wrench will not allow you to determine how much kilogram is the tightening force.

Channel "Engine repair! And interesting! " Announced a roller, where all the nuances of the execution of the stretch process are described.

Algorithm of action

Priority and force needed when you will pull the cylinder head bolts:

1. In accordance with the scheme placed below, make the tension of all bolts using a dynamometric key. Tightening torque on the first round of fastening tightening will be about 3.5 - 4.1 kgf / m. First, the bolts are stretched, which are located in the center of the block head - from above and below. After that, two upper and lower fasteners are screwed, installed on the side of the screws located in the center. Then stretch the two extreme bolts. Please note that you first need to pull the left pins, and then right. Screw at number 11, located at the bottom left, do not touch.
2. This is the first tilt circle. At the second stage, the bolts are tightened in a similar order. Only the force with which the fastening elements are tensioned will be 10.5 - 11.5 kgf / m.
3. At the third stage, the bolt is tension, which is marked with number 11 in the diagram. The power of tightening this screw must be 3.5 - 4.0 kgf / m.

GBC (cylinder head) - is the most important component in the engine of the car engine. The process of tightening the GBC bolts, will be able to a motorist who has certain skills. To work, we need a special tool and self-confidence. The instruction provided will help cope with the task and avoid typical errors.

To begin with, we define, in what cases it is necessary to make a tight bolt.

Most modern carsDo not require tightening bolts GBC. In earlier models of the car (for example, VAZ 2109), it is necessary to make a tightness of the bolts in a timely manner, for the successful passage of technical inspection.

As a rule, moisture accumulation in places of contact of the block with cylinders, indicates the need for a tightening of bolts. The reason for the appearance of moisture in the specified places may be the leakage of lubricating fluid. There are several, the most popular reasons for pulling bolts, among which:

• Violation of the structure of the head of the blocks. Such consequences, most often, leads overheating of the engine.
• Violation of tightness gBC pads. This fact, as well, indicates the need for a tightening of bolts. Tightening torque, it is recommended to adjust after the passage of a certain kilometer and necessarily after repairing the head of the cylinders.

How the moment of tightening bolts VAZ 2109 is regulated.

Before starting work, you must familiarize yourself with the original car instruction (VAZ 2109). Component management, tells about the details of the tightening of bolts, according to the requirements of the manufacturer. Depending on the specific car brand, the work may include important details. It is necessary to pay tribute to the tips of the manufacturer and take them into account during the work.

In order to properly make a tight, you need to get a certain set of knowledge. Successfully delay bolts, you can consider:

• The procedure for tightening the GBC bolts, according to the WAZ 2109 manufacturer scheme.
• Moment of force of the force.
• Knowledge of bolts subject to adjustment.

Since most modern cars do not provide additional tightening, the bolts have certain characteristics. In this case, the manufacturer implies exclusively factory adjustment of the bolts. Therefore, after repeated exposure, the structure of the bolts is broken. With strangers, the bolts quickly come to unsuitability. Subsequently, they can break.

In order to avoid adjusting the bolts, on earlier models of cars (VAZ 2109 or similar models) - it is necessary to properly repair the CCC. Work on the CCC, implies a mandatory replacement of the gasket of the GBC. In this case, it is necessary to use gaskets - prevent shrinkage. Thus, you can get rid of the need to drag bolts.

If the tightening of the bolts, it still took - it is necessary to strictly follow the manufacturer's advice. When carrying out work, it is necessary to prevent deviation from the original instruction. For proper adjustment, it is necessary to strictly and confidently comply with the sequence.

Compliance with the moment of tightening bolts GBC.

To control the process, it is necessary to follow a specific technique. Thus, you can control the process, preventing errors. To do this, you need to use a special key. The dynamometer key will allow you to control the tightening torque.

First of all, using a dynamometric key, set the holder to zero. This means the instrument readings are equal to the moment of the initial position of the holder. Now, you need to pay attention to the device's indicator at the time of the start of the fastener. We start twist the holder and look at the indicators. If the moment remained unchanged, then the fastener is amenable to stretching. This is the norm. In the event that the moment has increased dramatically, it is necessary to achieve the movement of the bolt. This fact indicates insufficient stretching of the holder. In such a situation, adjustment is performed after stabilization.

To control the process, it is necessary to understand the following:

• If when tightening bolts, the moment increases - the holder is durable and there is a need to be replaced.
• If there is a decrease in the tightening time - fasteners are destroyed and it is also necessary to replace.

In the process of operation of the car VAZ 2109, the GBC bolts are constantly subjected to destructive impact. When working, holders are constantly heated and cooled. Such a thermal effect, gradually destroys the structure of fasteners. Understanding the complex conditions of the functioning of the bolts, you should seriously treat recommendations for replacing them.

The main rules for adjusting the holders of the GBC.

Regardless of the characteristics of the engine of a particular car, there is a common range of rules that must be observed during the work. It is necessary to strictly follow the parameters specified in the manufacturer's instructions. Work should be carried out using a dynamometer key. The use of analogue can lead to undesirable results. You can delay, only fully serviceable bolts. Before starting work, carefully check the condition of the holders. Tightening torque indicators, you need to consider strictly and not to spare from the manufacturer specified. For repair GBC VAZ 2109, it is necessary to follow the tighter indicated in the component instructions.

Most of the particularly important features of the adjustment of the bolts are indicated in the instructions for a specific car. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully examine the operation and maintenance manual. When operating a car, comply with the manufacturer's requirements and regularly serve the car. The correct operation of the engine, prevents the need to adjust the HC holders.

Since the GBC has a complex device, it is necessary to repair only when full confidence in their knowledge. If you have troubleshooting in the engine of the car, you need to promptly make professional diagnostics. There, you will prevent the large-scale car repair and high costs.

Short video, how not to repair the GBC:

Repair the head of the cylinder block is a complex procedure that requires a sufficient number of knowledge and a certain experience. For repair, used special equipmentAvailable, as a rule, only in specialized service centers. Block's head repair, implies a change of gasket gasket and adjust the moment of bolts. For proper adjustment, it is necessary to strictly follow the requirements specified in the instructions considered. Follow the manufacturer's performance and use high-quality tools. With a carefully approach, you can successfully adjust, receiving the necessary result. Good repair!

Upon expiry of the operational period or in case of violation of the integrity of the cylinder head gasket, the element is subject to a mandatory replacement.

The main feature of the malfunction, the wear of the gasket is the formation of leaks of coolant and oil in the places of connection of the engine and the GBC.

Replacement

To change the gasket, you will need to dismantle the node, get rid of the worn gasket of the GBC and collect the design in the reverse sequence, compliance with the recommendations regarding the torque of the cylinder bolts. We will tell about all this in more detail.

1. Turn off the wiring from the cooling fluid temperature sensor and the emergency oil pressure sensor.
2. Remove the thermostat, just do not forget to merge the coolant before that.
3. Remove the housing air filter. It is not necessary to remove the carburetor, because it will not interfere with the replacement of the gasket.
4. Disconnect the fuel reception tube from the exhaust manifold.
5. Remove the camshaft drive gear, after setting the first cylinder piston to the NMT position. Now you can remove the protective casing of the drive belt distribution Vala., Loosen the fastening bolts of the gear fixation by fixing the gear from turning.
6. Remove the camshaft drive belt. Then you can completely unscrew the fastening bolts and remove the gear.
7. Press the lock to turn off the wiring block from the ignition distributor.
8. In the same way, turn off the central high voltage.
9. Loosen the clamps to remove the fuel supply hose from the fuel pump.
10. Disconnect the damper drive traction from the carburetor - throttle and air.
11. Disconnect the feed wiring from the solenoid valve.
12. Remove the hose vacuum amplifier From the inlet tube nozzle.
13. Disconnect the tube from the vacuum ignition corrector.
14. Loosen the tension of the clamps to remove the hoses of the interior heating from the nozzles.
15. Remove the GBC. Using the head with the extension, unscrew the mounting bolts.
16. Shatter a little with jerks, then remove the element.
17. Remove the old gasket, clean it from the residues of the rubber seal and other contaminants. Thoroughly wipe dry, after which you can perform back assembly.
18. Before assembly, check whether the length of the bolts for fastening the cylinder head corresponds to normal values. Ideally, their length is 135.5 millimeters. If the bolts lengthened during operation, then you will have to replace all bolts.

Tightening

Run a reverse assembly of the node if you clearly follow the instructions for dismantling work, there will be no special problems.

Incredible an important point replacement of gasket gaskets and all other events related to the removal of the head is proper adjustment and tightening bolts.

Bolts tightening is carried out strictly with a torque wrench, which will control the tension moment.

• Install the holder in the zero position. It will say that now the key data is equal to the moment of the initial position;
• Look at the indicators of the dynamometric instrument at the beginning of the tightening of the bolts;
• Rotate the holder, follow the indicators;
• If the moment does not change, the fasteners can succumb to stretching, which is a normal phenomenon. This is how it should happen;
• If the moment is rapidly increasing, the motion of the bolt should be achieved. That is, the stretching of the holder is small, you need to stabilize.

Golden tightening rules

To properly assemble the head of the cylinder head, you need to stick to the golden rules:

• Strictly focus on the data on the moment of tightening corresponding to the car VAZ 2109;
• Adjust only using a dynamometric key. Other tools get the desired result do not allow;
• For installation GBC Use only good bolts that comply with the requirements of your engine installed on the VAZ 2109;
• Before work, make sure the holders are in good condition.

Tightening scheme

In addition to the observance of the necessary moments of tightening the fastening bolts of the GBC, it is necessary to observe another rule.

The return of the bolts to the place is performed strictly according to the scheme below.

The tightening is performed in four circles, observing the sequence of operation with the fastening bolts indicated in the diagram.

Before following the instructions and the diagram, make sure your bolts meet the requirements. Otherwise, even the right one, strictly observed tightening will not give any result.

Laying the head of the cylinder block on the VAZ 2109 is a fairly reliable element, but it is peculiar to lose its operational qualities. To replace it, it is necessary to perform far from the simplest operations, but it is impossible to ignore the violation of the integrity of the gasket. Otherwise, the consequences will be wrapped with costly repair, and sometimes complete engine replacement.

Row repair work The vehicle's power unit is associated with the removal of the block head. Dismantling of the GBC does not cause special difficulties, but the landing of the node in place when assembling the motor requires full compliance with the installation technology, in particular tightening fasteners.

The consequences of the incorrect installation of the GBC

The correct tightening of the block head is very important, since the engine performance directly depends on this. The CCC receives the role of the cylinder cover, and any violations in its landing affect the processes occurring inside the power unit.

The insufficient tightening of the head leads to a drop due to the loss of tightness at the jack of cylinder, with a cylinder block, exhaust gasket, breakage of working gases from cylinders and entering them into channels of lubricant systems or cooling, penetration into combustion chambers technical fluidsthat in turn negatively affects the functioning of the power unit and may cause very serious breakdowns.

Excessive tightening is also nothing good, in this case there is often damage to the head - cracks appear, or the fasteners are destroyed - the bolt break, breaking the thread.

The uneven or irregular tightening is often the cause of the heading of the head, due to which the bizards appear in the joints of it with the block, which leads to the same consequences as insufficient tightening.

Features of details

The head of the cylinder block is a structurally comprehensive detail. It is a massive plate in which the channels for circulating the fluids of the lubricant and cooling system, and the technological holes are candlestones, for nozzles (in diesel engines), fasteners.

Also on top of the GBC there is a so-called "bed" of the camshaft - the landing place under its installation.

Despite its massiveness, the block head is a fragile detail due to voids inside, so an excessive force during tightening often leads to cracks in the walls and jumpers.

For the manufacture of the GBC, two types of metals are used - aluminum (most common) and cast iron.

To secure the latter, steel bolts or hairpins with nuts are applied. For example, the head of the UAZ 31519 block is attached by studs.

The difference in the manufacturer of the head and its fastening elements has one negative factor - a different temperature expansion of components when heated, this is especially true of the GBC of aluminum.

Uneven tightening of fastening elements (nuts, hairpins, etc.) with thermal expansion leads to the appearance of excessive stresses in the metal structure, as a result of which the head is warped.

Tightening conditions bolts

When installing the head of the block, it is important to comply with the tightening technology, which includes a number of criteria:

• Tightening order;
• An effort;
• Status of fasteners (for example, spills with nuts);

Each engine has its own delay order, which must be observed to ensure uniform attraction of the head to the block and eliminate the occurrence of voltages on any surface sections. For example, on the VAZ 2105 it looks like this.

Effort is another important factor for the correct attachment of this engine element. Tightening the plate is carried out in several approaches (on different motors Their number is different), each of which is performed with its effort.

The fastep of the block heads are tightened with a large enough effort, which leads to their stretching. Therefore, there are no reuse of bolts on multiple engines, they are not necessarily replaced. But there are both motors who do not need to replace fasteners and repeat them.

All information regarding the technology of tightening GBC is indicated in those. Documentation to the car, also often, it is indicated on the packs of the head gasket and fasteners.

General rules for performing work, methods used

There are a number general rulesThat must be observed when installing the head of the block:

Despite the fact that each engine has its own characteristics of the block head, the total technology of this operation is the same. In general, two methods are used to tighten fasteners:

• In several approaches to bringing tightening force to the desired value;
• Tightening fasteners to a certain effort (in one or more approaches), and then - double bolt according to a certain angle.

The delay method is selected based on the type of bolts.

The first method is used when using non-stretchable bolts (now they are not used, but they can be found on old cars). But often this type of fasteners requires retreating after a certain period of engine operation to compensate for the shrinkage of the GBC gasket. But such fasteners are allowed for reuse, and repeatedly.

The second method of tightening the block is relevant to most modern cars. And all due to the use of tensile bolts (the so-called TTY type).

Such fasteners due to elastic deformation are able to compensate for thermal expansions of the head and shrinkage of the gasket, but for this they need to be displayed in the deformation mode (in fact, just a little stretch).

For this, it is necessary to double bolt according to a certain angle. On some cars, this angle is 45 degrees., On the other - 90 degrees.

But after the output of elements in the mode of elastic deformation, they will not be able to return to its original state, therefore, their reuse is not allowed due to the high probability of destruction.

General order of work

Tightening the head of the block although there is a lot of nuances and features, but the total operation technology is not difficult, it is only important to comply with the conditions.

The total algorithm of works is:

On some cars, it is additionally required to re-stretch fasteners after a certain period of operation of the vehicle. This information is necessarily indicated in technical documentation.

Some nuances

Tightening torque is one of the main factors of the block of the block head. But this criterion affects not only the accompanying effort, and fasten themselves:

• The general condition of the bolts is new or used;
• The presence of lubrication on the threaded part;
• Condition of thread.

The type of power plant (gasoline, diesel), as well as the number of valves on the tightening technology of the PC does not affect. But this does not mean that the force and order of tightening for all motors is identical and before landing the head, it is necessary to study the conditions for performing the operation and all its features.

Common mistakes

Despite the fact that the automakers clearly indicate the order and nuances of the tightening of the GBC, many motorists allow errors when assembling the motor. The most common ones are:

So that there are no problems in the future, you should use only fasteners intended for a particular engine and fully comply with the work conditions.

Features of work on the example of some cars

As evidence of judgment that each power plant has its own characteristics of the cylinder heading, consider the nuances of work on specific models.

VAZ-2112 16 valves

A row of VAZ-2112 modifications was completed with two types of 16-valve power plants (Factory indices - 21120 and 21124). These two engines, despite some constructive features, Tightening technology Identity blocks.

These aggregates use stretching bolts with a length of 93 mm. At the same time, it is allowed to reuse fasteners, but under one condition - if their length does not exceed 95 mm (if it should be replaced). 10 bolts are used for fastening the head.

Tightening is carried out in three approaches:

1. Bolts according to the order wrapped with an effort 2 kg / m;
2. Contracting 90 degrees.;
3. Re-tagged 90 degrees.

The broach circuit is shown below.

Between the 2nd and 3rd approach, it is necessary to make a 20-minute break.

Since stretching bolts are used on the indicated engines, the additional attachment during operation of the car is not required.

VAZ-2107

On VAZ-2107 all installed modifications power aggregates are 8-valves.

The block of the block on them is mounted 11 bolts, 10 of which are the main, and 1 - auxiliary side (installed in the side protrusion).

On this car, tightening fasteners is also performed in three approaches:

1. 10 major bolts according to the order are tightened with an effort of 3.5-4.0 kg / m;
2. The same bolts are reached with a moment of 11.5-12.0 kg / m;
3. Auxiliary is tightened with an effort of 3.5-4.0 kg / m.

Additional tightening of the GBC during the operation of the VAZ-2107 is not required.

"Samara", 10th family, prior

On the Samara family models (2108-21099), as well as VAZ 2110-2112 with 8-valve tightening units is already performed in 4 approaches:

1. Tightening with an effort 2.0 kg / m;
2. Reaching with a moment of 7.5-8.5 kg / m;
3. Fairness at 90 degrees;
4. Repeated according to 90 degrees.

Break between points of 3.4 20 minutes.

As for the Vaz "Tenth" family, which are equipped with 16-valve engines, then their tightening technology is the same as the VAZ-2112 (described above).

The same applies to Lada Priora, a method with 4 approaches is used on 8-valve units (VAZ 2108-21099), and on 16-valve - 3 approaches (VAZ 2112 with a motor for 16 valves).

"Volga"

On the ZMZ-406 engines installed on the Volga, according to the technical documentation of the automaker, tightening the bolts of the engine block head is carried out in two approaches:

Subsequent feeding bolts during operation on this engine is not required.

Performing an operation without a dynamometric key

Since all these cars, the effort is accurately indicated, then without a dynamometric key, when landing, the GBC cannot do. But on some cars it is quite possible to do without it and use for tightening ordinary keys and an extensive nozzle.

Immediately note that the performance of work without specials. The tool is allowed only on the "old" engines (Moskvich, Vaz of the first models).

A feature of the tightening of the head of the block without a dynamometric key is the need to "feel" the accompanying effort. Otherwise, the general technique of work is the same as with the use of specials. Tool:

One of the tightening options without a dynamometric key is double fasteners in order after performing the 2nd approach.