Master Data Services to manage NSI. MDS. Methodical documents in construction. Free download

Disconnecting the aggregate cylinders: see the principle of operation, mechanisms and device, pluses and cons. At the end of the article Video Review of the Principle of Engine.

How to appear cylinder shutdown systems

The main purpose of the cylinder control system (ACC - Active Cylinder Control) is the change in the working volume of the unit, by disconnecting the part of the cylinders during operation. According to preliminary data, fuel economy is about 20%, while significantly decreases harmful emissions with exhaust gases.

Each manufacturer who introduces this systemIn its own way, it develops or modests existing mechanisms, naturally and calls systems in different ways. But still, as not calling, and the main principle of work and the appointment will be the same.

What is the cylinder management system

The first references to the system were in 1981 on Cadillac brand cars. The basis of the mechanism was electromagnetic coils, which were installed on the rocker. Electronics control performed special the electronic unit. Due to the triggering, the rocker began to be fixed, and the valves due to the dead grip springs remained closed. As a rule, opposite pairs of engine cylinders have been disconnected in the GBC. In order to understand the driver how many cylinders work and whether they are working, information was displayed on the instrument panel. But the system did not receive a wide application, there were problems with fuel supply, as well as with shutdown.

Thus, at the heart of the modern system of controlling the cylinders lies at least three main components - this is electronics, control unit and a mechanical part that controls the cylinders.

How does the engine cylinder shutdown work

If it was necessary to turn off the cylinder, the locks were released, and each with a rocker levers could move independently. It is worth noting that the valve, under the influence of the springs were closed. Due to the pressure of the oil, the clamps were moved, and the pressure adjustment passes due to a special electromagnetic valve. As a result, such a difficult scheme, fuel in the cylinder has stopped being submitted.

The second system for disabling the cylinders of the aggregate from General Motors is considered to be DOD (Displacement on Demand), it is based on the previous system. Starting since 2004, the system is installed on GM machines. Japanese engineers have not been lagging behind, in 2005, Honda began to apply the VCM system (Variable Cylinder Management). As a rule, the system is installed on V-engine. During uniform movement with a small speed, the VCM system automatically shuts off one block of cylinders (for example, 3 out of 6 available). If there is a transition from the maximum load to incomplete, then the system leaves the two cylinders from 6.

The VCM is based on the VTEC system. The main parts are the rockers working in a pair with cams of different shapes. If necessary, the rocker is turned off or are included at the expense of the locking mechanism of the clamps. In order to improve the operation of the engine, the AEM (Active Engine Mounts) system is developed, which adjusts the magnitution of the engine vibration. The ASC system (Active Sound Control) is designed to be noise reduced, relieve unwanted noise in the car cabin.

The coupling and cams form a silent block of cams, only four blocks in the engine, two on the graduation shaft and two in the inlet. The cams are managed due to four actuators. To move the blocks, the rod is used, which slides on the spiral ditch of the main unit. All commands to change are transmitted from the engine control unit.

As can be seen, the system described is actually arranged much more difficult. Fuel economy with the presence of an engine cylinder system is significantly noticeable, but the cost of such engines is much more.

Pros and Cylinder Control Systems

In order to avoid loads on the unit, exhaust gases remain in the disconnected pistons, which remained from previous working moments. Thus, the gases are compressed during the work of the piston and put on the piston when he moves down. Due to such a cycle, the pressure and power equation is ensured. But still the slightest alloy defect can lead to the most unexpected consequences, so during repair it is necessary to install only original details and repair to spend on specialized, branded hundred.

In addition to loads on the engine, vibrations also increase due to uneven fuel ignition in the engine. Engineers decided to establish special hydraulics based engine supports and two-stage flywheel. The suppression of noise and vibration occurs in exhaust systemFor this, the pipes of special length are selected, two silencer are used, the familiar rear and one more front a pair with resonators of different sizes.

On the modern cars Install the engine cylinder control system, but still leave the right to choose a buyer, whether it needs it or not. Since the main thing is not the presence, but the future of its service. The price of repairing such an engine is two times higher than an analogue without a system.

Video review of the operation of controlling cylinders on Dodge (HEMI 5.7 L engine):

Cylinder Management System (Other Names - turning off cylinders, system deactivation of cylinders) It is designed to change the operating volume of the engine due to the disconnection of the part of the cylinders. The use of the system provides a decrease in fuel consumption to 20% and reduce harmful emissions with exhaust gases.

The prerequisite for the development of the cylinder control system was a typical mode of operation of the car, at which the maximum power is used up to 30% over the entire period of operation. In this way, most time engine works with incomplete load. In these conditions throttle valve Almost closed, and the engine must draw the required amount of air to work. This leads to the so-called. pumping losses and further decrease in efficiency.

The cylinder control system allows you to disable part of the cylinders with a small load on the engine, while the throttle is opened to provide the required power. In most cases, the shutdown system of cylinders is used on multi-cylinder powerful engines (6, 8, 12 cylinders), the work of which is particularly ineffective with low loads.

In order to turn off the specific cylinder from work, you need to perform two conditions - block air access and exhaust gas production (close the intake and exhaust valve) and block the fuel supply to the cylinder.

Fuel regulation in modern engines is carried out using electromagnetic nozzles with electronically control. Holding in the closed state of intake and exhaust valves in a particular cylinder is a fairly complex technical task that different automakers are solved in their own way. Among the variety of technical solutions, three approaches can be distinguished:

• application of a special design pusher ( multi-Displacement System, Displacement On Demand);
• the ability to turn off the rocker ( systems Active Cylinder Control, Variable Cylinder Management);
• use Kulachkov distribution Vala different shapes ( active Cylinder Technology System).

Forced deactivation of cylinders in addition to indisputable advantages has a number of shortcomings, among which additional loads on the engine, vibration and unwanted noise.

To prevent additional loads on the engine in the combustion chamber of the engine off, there remains the charge of exhaust gases from the previous working cycle. Gases are compressed when the piston moves up and pressing the piston when it moves down, thereby ensuring the equalization effect.

To reduce vibration, special hydraulic engine supports are used, two-stage flywheel. The noise reduction is made in the exhaust system, in which the lengths of the pipes are selected and the front and rear silencers with resonators of different sizes are selected.

For the first time, the cylinder management system was applied in 1981 on Cadillac cars. The system had electromagnetic coils installed on the rocker. The triggering of the coil ensured the fixedness of the rocker, and the valves were closed valves under the action of the springs. The system turned off opposite pairs of cylinders. The operation of the coil carried out electronic unit. Information on the number of cylinders in the work was shown on the instrument panel. The system has not received wide recognition, since there was problems with fuel supply to all cylinders, including those turned off.

System Active Cylinder Control, ACC. Used on mercedes-Benz cars Since 1999. The closure of cylinder valves provided a special design rocker consisting of two levers connected by the retainer. In the working position, the latch connects two levers into a single integer. When decontamination, the fixer frees the connection and each of the levers gets the opportunity to move independently. Valves, at the same time, under the action of springs are closed. The movement of the retainer is carried out by pressure of the oil, which adjusts the special solenoid valve. Fuel to disconnected cylinders is not served.

To save the characteristic sound of the multi-cylinder engine when the cylinders turned off in the exhaust system, a valve controlled by electronics is installed, if necessary, changing the size of the sections of the exhaust path.

System MULTI-DISPLACEMENT SYSTEM, MDS. Installed on Chrysler, Dodge cars, Jeep since 2004. The system is activated (turns off the cylinders) at a speed of over 30 km / h and the speed of rotation crankshaft Engine up to 3000 rpm.

The MDS system uses a special design pusher, which provides disconnection of the camshaft and valve if necessary (the author's name, literally - a movement loss device). At a certain time, an oil is supplied to the pusher under pressure and squeezes the blocking pin, thereby deactivates the pusher. Oil pressure regulation is performed using an electromagnetic valve.

Other Cylinder Management System Displacement on Demand., Dod. (literally - moving on demand) Similar to the previous system. The DOD system is installed on General Motors cars since 2004.

A separate place among cylinder deactivation systems is occupied by the system. Variable Cylinder Management., VCM. From Honda, applied since 2005. With a uniform movement at a low speed, the VCM system disables one block of cylinders of the V-shaped engine (3 cylinder from 6). In transitional mode from the maximum engine power to the incomplete load, the system provides 4 cylinders from six.

Constructively, the VCM system is based on the VTEC gas timing phase system. The basis of the system is a rocker, interacting with cams various shapes. If necessary, the rocker is turned on or off from the operation by the locking mechanism (retainer).

Other systems have been developed to help the VCM system. System Active Engine Mounts. Adjusts the magnitude of the engine vibrations. Active noise reduction system Active Sound Control Allows you to get rid of unwanted noise in the car.

System ACTIVE CYLINDER TECHNOLOGY, ACT Used on cars concern Volkswagen. Since 2012. The installation object of the system is the TSI engine of 1.4 liters. The ACT system provides a disabling of two cylinders of four in the limit of 1400-4000 rpm.

Structurally, ACT system is based on a gas distribution phase change system Valvelift System implemented at one time on engines Audi.. The system uses in its work the cams of various shapes located on the coupling sliding over the camshaft. Fist and coupling form a block of cams. In total, the engine four blocks are two in the intake camshaft and two on the graduation shaft.

The blocks of cams are moved by four executive mechanisms. To move the block in the actuator, there is a rod that slides along the spiral groove of the block and moves it. Executive mechanisms are triggered by the engine control unit command.

Last updated: 04/28/2014

SQL Server Master Data Services is the SQL Server product component designed to manage regulatory information (NSI).

Problems with NSI

Problems Regulatory information organizations are related to the presence of large number of systems in these organizations, each of which can be edited separately for these systems organizations.

Fig. 1. Organization systems and data warehouse

You can highlight two main causes of problems when working with regulatory information.

Firstit is that there is no unified reputable source of regulatory information, there are inconsistencies in the directories in various organizations of the organization, and some elements of reference books are operated simultaneously by several employees without any agreed process.

For example, if the client has changed the place of residence, information about it in the client directory can be promptly updated in one system, and in the rest - with a time delay.

Another example, the names of the same product in various branches may differ.

The second reasonit is related to the fact that there are no systems in organizations that allow employees together and in accordance with the approved regulations to manage meta-data. No measurement control functions and attributes. There is no way to manage meta-information via the Internet using a web browser.

As a result of the margins received inconsistencies, errors occur when operating in systems and errors in the organization's reports.

Process management hierarchies; Changes in the BI solution

Master Data Services database is used to store regulatory information.

The hierarchy management process is built as follows.

Fig. 2. Management of metadata

1. The system administrator before the start of its use defines models, entities, attributes and hierarchies.
2. If necessary, elements of entities, attributes and hierarchies can be created on the basis of data from existing organization systems. Downloading can be done, for example, using the SQL Server Integration Services integration package.
3. Users connected to the Internet or Intranet may make changes to the reference books that they have access rights.
4. As a result, the created measurements are loaded into the data warehouse and are used to form analytical cubes. Loading measurements, as a rule, is made using SQL Server integration services.
5. Directories created in the system can also be downloaded to other organizations of the organization.

Thus, SQL Server Meta data services make a change in the BI solution structure. Measurement management is performed in Master Data Services, respectively, measurements are loaded into the data warehouse from this system. Indicators, as before, are downloaded to the data warehouse from the corresponding data sources of the organization.

History Microsoft SQL Server Master Data Services

In June 2007, Microsoft acquired the MDM vendor called Stratature.

Then in the acquired solution, the Microsoft development team:

• added Windows Communication Foundation Web Service;
• optimized the code and structure of the database;
• added the function of placement of models;
• improved security system;
• added an API covering all MDS functions and supports both block and function-oriented function;
• recreed the user interface, which is now implemented via the MDS API (instead of working directly through the database and stored procedures).

In August 2009, the Master Data Services component is included in the SQL Server 2008 R2 as part of CTP2.

MDS Purpose

The purpose of Master Data Services is to bring in compliance with reference books in the organization systems thanks to the creation authoritative source - meta data tires.

The system functionality is constructed in such a way as reduce the cost of managementmeta data due to the fact that:

• management interface via a web browser and an Excel MDS add-in allow involve the necessary employeesin the process of management of entities and hierarchies;
• software interface (MDS.API)allows you to configure the management of meta-data from external systems;
• functions version management, notification and business rulesallow most simple way configure a flexible process of ensuring the correctness of the meta data;
• function placement of the modelallows you to export the created model from the development system and publish it in the MDS operating system.

As a result of using functions attributes and hierarchies managementthe organization provides high-quality and consistent meta data built in the form required for export to the relevant organizations of the organization.

Basic MDS concepts

Basic conceptswhich operates Master Data Services, shown in Fig. four.

Fig. 4. Basic concepts that Master Data Services operates

Measurement model (DimensionModel)- contains entities, attributes, elements of entities and various options Hierarchies for export to the appropriate systems.

Entity (Entity)it is a container set of elements. An example of the essence for retail is the "product" sold.

Element (Member)- This is a sheet, consolidated element or collection element. Examples of elements for the essence of "Product": bicycles, mountain bikes, mountain bike model ...

Attribute - This is the characteristic of the element. For example, all the elements of the product "Product" have an attribute "color", and a particular bike can have attribute value- blue. Attributes can be based on a certain essence (domain.based), arbitrary (free-form), as file (file). You can configure the display of attributes on different bookmarks with the names ( attribute.groups.).

Hierarchy (Hierarchy)- This is a structure representing the elements of the entity with the help of consolidated elements and levels to ensure the convenience of data analysis. The hierarchy can form entities formed by levels (for example, product category, product subcategories, product model). The hierarchy can also be built on the basis of the relationship of the "parent-descendant" type (or Parent-Child).

Examples of models:

• Data Structure Model for Personnel Management (Development Article)

Creating a model

To work with MDS, you must first create the appropriate models, then create entities, determine the necessary attributes for entities, determine the measurement structure and so on. These actions are made by the administrator or editor of the corresponding model in the administrative part of the Master Data Manager web application.

An alternative appeared in SQL Server 2012 - creating a model using an MDS add-in for Excel. In this case, the necessary reference books (entities) can be pre-prepared on the working sheets of the usual Excel file in the form of tables, and then use the add-on this information in MDS. In this case, you can use the ability to automatically create reference books based on available entries in table columns.

Import

After the model, entity and structure of the hierarchy are created, measurement elements, attribute values \u200b\u200band hierarchy can be formed based on data from data sources. For SQL Server 2008 R2, this process is depicted in Fig. five.

Fig. 5. Import data from data sources to MDS database

First, the data from the source must be downloaded to the middle area of \u200b\u200bthe MDS base area. Converting data from the source to view of the intermediate area tables can be made using the T-SQL script or SQL Server Integration Services package. When the entries from the source are downloaded to the intermediate area, from the Master Data Manager interface, you must run the download command to a specific model of a specific version.

As a rule, import data from the source must be done to initially fill the reference books.

Comment.In the case of using SQL Server 2012, a separate table of the corresponding structure is created for each entity, which greatly facilitates the setting of integration packets and speeds up loading data.

Editing hierarchy

After the import is implemented, users can edit the elements loaded into the system and change the type of hierarchy (Fig. 6).

Fig. 6. Changing the structure of the hierarchy

Demonstration: Import Music Information, Editing Director and Hierarchy

Version management and task of business rules

Consider MDS objects that allow you to customize the complex process of controlling meta-information based on events.

One of these objects are versionmodelsthat contain a certain version of all object objects (elements, attribute values, hierarchy elements, collections). Another object is business Rulesthat apply to all open versions.

The process control process is depicted in Fig. 7.

Fig. 7. Version Management Process

First, the administrator copies the version to open Its for change. Users Begin to make changes to the open version. Then, when the necessary changes are made, the administrator closes version. After that, only an administrator and users with the rights change can be added to the version. Before approving the model administrator Must achieve fulfillment of all business rules. When the model is fully ready for use in the signed organizations of the organization, the administrator approve The version, after which it can no longer be changed, but you can copy. Then, if necessary, the whole cycle may repeat.

For the version you can also set flag In order to identify various stages of coordination. For example, it can be "current", "rough" and "basic" versions. The version flag can also be used to automate download to signed systems. For example, you can configure the download of the version with the "Basic" flag.

For version you can exercise revision implemented with her transactions(operations) and analyze compliance with version of business rules.

Business Rules and Notifications

Business rules allow you to check the correctness of this or that version of the model, set the default values, send notifications if you need adjustments to meta-information.

Business rules contain evaluation Criteria- Logical verification condition. If this condition is not executed, the system initiates the execution of the appropriate action.

Actions can be four types.

1. "DEFAULT VALUE" — set the value of a particular attribute default(When creating an element of the reference book).
2. "CHANGE VALUE" - set a certain value according to the results of the inspection.
3. "Validation" - in case of non-fulfillment of the condition send a message Addresses with the rights to the element for which the business rule is specified.
4. "EXTERNAL ACTION" - launch business-processSharePoint..

Business rules are applied after adding, deleting, moving in the hierarchy of reference elements, in case of initiating the verification of the user-defined set of elements, in the case of verification of the version as a whole.

The business rule creation interface in the Master Data Manager web application is shown in Fig. eight.

Fig. 8. Creating a business rule

Management process

As a result of the sharing of versions and business rules, you can build a complex process of management of meta-data, event based. The example of the process is shown in Fig. nine.

Fig. 9. An example of the management process of meta-data

The process of controlling meta data for a particular element may consist of the following steps.

1. First, items are created by importing from external systems, or users create new elements.
2. Then, as a result of the checks, default values \u200b\u200bare set, as well as the notification of users who are responsible for creating and ensuring the correctness of the values \u200b\u200bof certain attributes.
3. After the required attribute values \u200b\u200bare filled with the execution of the relevant business rule, the approval of the employee is sent to the approval of the element.
4. After executing all the business rules, the element can be downloaded to the external system using the integration package.

All changes of the elements of reference books and movements in hierarchies are reflected in the transaction log, which can also be viewed in the Master Data Manager interface (Fig. 10).

Fig. 10. View Music Data Change Log

Demonstration: Creating a business rule, change the status of version, viewing the magazine

To export a meta data from the MDS database to external systems, you need to create a so-called subscription, as a result of which the SQL Server sql server will be created in the MDS database, which issues the corresponding list of elements as a result of execution. The export of data from this view can be performed in a standard way using SQL Server Integrations Services.

Fig. 11. Export of meta data from the MDS database to external systems

Demonstration: Creating a subscription for exporting meta data into an external system

Safety

To provide access to the Master Data Manager web application, you need to add existing groups or users who can be from the Active Directory domain. In the program you can create domain groups and add users to them. Then in the Web application "Master Data Manager" you can set rights for groups and users.

When the user opens the "Master Data Manager" in a web browser, it automatically enters his account in Active Directory.

The rights can be handed over to the following objects:

• system functions, such as version management, security management, integration, administration and reporting functions.
• concrete model objects, such as hierarchies and entities.
• concrete elements.

Classes for web services

MDS also implements a software interface that allows you to manage all the objects of the solution. Below are some iService interface methods:

• Annotations.Delete / Update.
• BusinessRoles.CLONE / CREATE / DELETE / GET / PALETTESET / PUBLISH / UPDATE
• Entitymembers.Copy / Create / DELETE / GET / MERGE / UPDATE
• ExportView.CREATE / DELETE / LISTGET / UPDATE
• Hierarchymembers.Get.
• Metadata.CLONE / CREATE / DELETE / GET / UPDATE
• Modelmembers.BulkDelete / Bulkmerge / Bulkupdate / Get
• SecurityPrivileges.CLONE / CREATE / DELETE / GET
• Staging.CLEAR / GET / Process
• Validation.Get / Process.
• Version.Copy

It can be seen that the interface allows you to manage all the objects of the system, such as comments on entries, business rules, entities, subscriptions, hierarchies, models, model elements, access rights, intermediate area and version. Thus, MDS functions can be integrated into any system of organization unnoticed for users.

MDS (Methodical Documents in Construction)

(MDS)

1.MDS 10-1.98 The procedure for assigning the designation of methodological documentation in construction (MDS 1.RAR)

2.MDS 11-1.99 Methodical recommendations on the procedure for issuing construction permits (MDS 2.RAR)

3.MDS 11-2.99 Recommendations on the activities of the project manager in the development and implementation of project and working documentation for the construction of enterprises, buildings and structures (MDS 3.RAR)

4.MDS 11-3.99 Methodical recommendations for the examination of a feasibility study (projects) for the construction of housing facilities (MDS 4.RAR)

5.MDS 11-4.99 Methodical recommendations for the examination of a feasibility study (projects) for the construction of enterprises, buildings and facilities of industrial purposes (MDS 5.RAR)

6.MDS 11-5.99 Methodical recommendations for the examination of materials of engineering surveys for a feasibility study (projects, work projects) of construction objects (MDS 6.RAR)

7.MDS 11-6.2000 Temporary instruction on the procedure for coordination and approval of tasks for the examination, tasks for the design and design documentation of priority restoration facilities in Grozny Chechen Republic (MDS 7.RAR)

8.MDS 11-8.2000 Temporary instructions on the composition, procedure for the development, coordination and approval of projects for the planning of suburban zones of cities of the Russian Federation (MDS 8.RAR)

9.MDS 11-9.2000 Methodical guidelines for the preparation and registration of catalog sheets of project documentation of mass application, included in the 2nd and 3rd parts of the construction catalog (MDS 9.RAR)

10.MDS 11-10.2000 Methodical instructions for the development of territorial catalogs of structures and products for construction (MDS 10.RAR)

11.MDS 11-11.2000 Organization of the work of the project manager (Gipa, Gap) in the market conditions. Guidelines (MDS 11.RAR)

12.MDS 11-12.2000 Recommendations for the protection of intellectual property - project products - in the process of creating and implementing investment projects (MDS 12.RAR)

14.MDS 11-14.2000 Recommendations for the selection of software and hardware for professional complexes of design and survey organizations. Issue 1. (MDS 14.RAR)

15.MDS 11-15.2001 Methodological manual for the organization of the activities of the State Customer for Construction and Customer-Developer (MDS 15.RAR)

16.MDS 11-16.2002 Methodical recommendations for the preparation of the section "Engineering and technical measures of civil defense. Events to prevent emergency situations" projects for the construction of enterprises, buildings and structures (on the example of the construction of gas stations) (MDS 16.RAR)

18.MDS 12-2.2000 Methodical recommendations for assessing the status of labor protection in the construction complex organizations (MDS 18.RAR)

19.MDS 12-4.2000 Regulations on the procedure for investigating the causes of accidents of buildings and structures, their parts and structural elements in the territory of the Russian Federation (MDS 19.RAR)

20.MDS 12-5.2000 Guide for state-owned workers in the implementation of monitoring the quality of construction and installation work (MDS 20.RAR)

21.MDS 12-6.2000 Exemplary Professional Code of Builders Engineers (MDS 21.RAR)

22.MDS 12-7.2000 Recommendations on the procedure for the implementation of the state control over compliance with the requirements of construction norms and rules in the production of construction and installation work at the facilities of the production (MDS 22.RAR)

23.MDS 12-8.2000 Recommendations for the organization of maintenance and repair of construction machines (MDS 23.RAR)

24.MDS 12-9.2001 Regulations on the customer in the construction of facilities for state needs in the Russian Federation (instead of MDS 12-3.2000) (MDS 24.RAR)

25.MDS 12-10.2001 Typical norms of frequency, laboriousness and duration of maintenance and repair of lifting cranes (MDS 25.RAR)

26.MDS 12-11.2002 Methodological manual for SNiP 12-03-2001 "Labor safety in industry. Part 1. General requirements"To conduct training and verification of knowledge of labor protection of managerial workers and specialists in construction (MDS 26.RAR)

27.Price in K MDS 12-11.2002 Examing tickets for checking the knowledge of labor protection of managerial workers and specialists of the construction complex (MDS 27.RAR)

28.MDS 12-12.2002 Methodical instructions for the development and implementation of the system of quality management system of building machines (MDS 28.RAR)

29.MDS 12-13.2003 Construction mechanization. Annual modes of building machines (instead of recommendations for the definition of annual modes of operation and operational performance of construction machines) (MDS 29.RAR)

30.MDS 12-14.2003 Methodological manual for SNiP 12-04-2002 "Labor safety in construction. Part 2. Construction production" For conducting training and verification of knowledge on labor protection of managers and specialists in construction (MDS 30.RAR)

31.MDS 12-15.2003 Methodical guidelines for the preparation of the dividing statement of supplies of the customer-contractor (MDS 31.RAR)

32.MDS 12-16.2003 Recommendations for the development of local regulatory acts (standards of enterprises) applied in the construction of labor protection management system (instead of SP 12-131-95, SP 12-132-99, SP 12-137-2003) (MDS 32.RAR)

33.MDS 12-17.2004 Expert assessment of the safety of nonstationary jobs (Methodological manual for SP 12-133-2000) (MDS 33.RAR)

34.MDS 12-19.2004 Mechanization of construction. Operation of tower cranes in cramped conditions (MDS 34.RAR)

35.MDS 12-20.2004 Construction Mechanization. Organization of the diagnosis of building and road machines. Diagnosing hydraulic drives (MDS 35.RAR)

36.MDS 12-21.2004 Mechanization of construction. Repair and issuance from repairing machinery (MDS 36.RAR)

37.MDS 13-1.99 (amended 2000) instructions on the composition, procedure for the development, coordination and approval of design and estimate documentation for the overhaul of residential buildings (instead of EAS 55-87R) (MDS 37.RAR)

38.MDS 13-6.2000 Methodology for determining the unsuitability of residential buildings and residential premises (MDS 38.RAR)

39.MDS 13-7.2000 Recommendations for priority minority events providing energy-saving in housing and communal services of the city (MDS 39.RAR)

40.MDS 13-8.2000 Concept for the treatment of solid household waste in the Russian Federation (MDS 40.RAR)

41.MDS 13-9.2000 (with measuring 2000) Methods of planning, accounting and calculating cost of housing and communal services (MDS 41.RAR)

42.MDS 13-10.2000 Methods of conducting financial audit of tariffs in organizations providing housing and communal services (MDS 42.RAR)

43.MDS 13-11.2000 Methods for calculating the solvent capabilities of the population for housing and communal services (MDS 43.RAR)

44.MDS 13-12.2000 Methodical recommendations for the formation of regulations for the consumption of housing and communal services (MDS 44.RAR)

45.MDS 13-13.2000 Regulations on the examination of the economic substantiation of tariffs for goods, works and services taken into account in paying housing and utilities (MDS 45.RAR)

46.MDS 13-14.2000 Regulations on the conduct of planned-preventive repair of industrial buildings and structures (No. 279 of 29.12.1973) (MDS 46.RAR)

47.MDS 13-15.2000 (with change 1,121) Features of working with staff of energy organizations of the system of housing and communal services of the Russian Federation (MDS 47.RAR)

48.MDS 13-16.2000 Standards and Guidelines for the definition of the need for machines and mechanisms for the operation and repair of utility electrical and thermal networks (MDS 48.RAR)

49.MDS 13-17.2000 Methodical recommendations on the elimination of violations in the content and use of housing stock and purchase territories (MDS 49.RAR)

50.MDS 13-18.2000 Recommendations for the preparation of the Housing Fund for Winter (MDS 50.RAR)

51.MDS 13-19.2001 Regulation on the restriction or temporary termination of the supply of electrical energy (power) to consumers in the event or threat of an accident occurred in the operation of power supply systems (MDS 51.RAR)

52.MDS 13-20.2004 Comprehensive technique for survey and energy audit of reconstructed buildings (MDS 52.RAR)

53.MDS 15-1.99 Methodical recommendations for the development of the procedure for participation of citizens in discussing and making decisions on the development and use of cities and other settlements territories (MDS 53.RAR)

54.MDS 15-2.99 Instructions on the procedure for the implementation of state control over the use and protection of land in urban and rural settlements (MDS 54.RAR)

55.MDS 21-1.98 allowance "Fire prevalence" to SNIP 21-01-97 "Fire safety of buildings and structures" (MDS 55.RAR)

56.MDS 21-2.2000 Methodical recommendations for calculating fire resistance and fire-circuit of reinforced concrete structures (MDS 56.RAR)

57.MDS 21-3.2001 Methods and examples of a feasibility study of fire fighting measures to SNIP 21-01-97 (MDS 57.RAR)

58.MDS 21-4.2002 Additions to methodical recommendations for calculating fire resistance and fire-circuit of reinforced concrete structures (MDS 21-2.2000) for class reinforcement A500Stm (MDS 58.RAR)

59.MDS 22-1.2004 Methodical recommendations for seismic microdistriction sites for the construction of transport facilities (MDS 59.RAR)

60.MDS 30-1.99 Methodical recommendations for the development of zoning schemes of the territory of cities (MDS 60.RAR)

62.MDS 31-3.2000 Methodical recommendations for the design of the buildings of the prosecutor's office (MDS 62.RAR)

63.MDS 31-4.2000 Handbook for the design of anchor bolts for fixing building structures and equipment (to SNiP 2.09.03-85) (MDS 63.RAR)

64.MDS 31-6.2000 Recommendations for the flooring device (SNiP 3.04.01-87) (MDS 64.RAR)

65.MDS 31-7.2000 Types of residential buildings for small towns of Russia. Recommendations (MDS 65.RAR)

66.MDS 31-8.2002 Recommendations for the design and device of lamps for natural lighting (MDS 66.RAR)

67.MDS 31-10.2004 Recommendations on the planning and maintenance of buildings, structures and complexes of funeral purposes (instead of MDS 31-5.2000) (MDS 67.RAR)

68.MDS 32-1.2000 Station Design Recommendations (1997). Associated on the basis of train station design benefits (SNIP II-85-80) with changes and additions (MDS 68.RAR)

69.MDS 32-2.2000 Recommendations for the design of social and transport centers (nodes) in large cities (MDS 69.RAR)

70.MDS 35-1.2000 Recommendations for the design of the environment, buildings and structures, taking into account the needs of persons with disabilities and other low-friendly populations. Issue 1. General (MDS 70.RAR)

71.MDS 35-2.2000 Recommendations for the design of the environment, buildings and structures, taking into account the needs of persons with disabilities and other low-friendly populations. Release 2. Town Planning Requirements (MDS 71.RAR)

72.MDS 35-3.2000 Recommendations for the design of the environment, buildings and structures, taking into account the needs of persons with disabilities and other low-friendly populations. Issue 3. Residential buildings and complexes (MDS 72.RAR)

73.MDS 35-4.2000 Recommendations for the design of the environment, buildings and structures, taking into account the needs of persons with disabilities and other low-friendly populations. Issue 7. Part 1. Designing of new and adaptation of existing buildings for education, training and rehabilitation of children with disabilities (MDS 73.RAR)

74.MDS 35-5.2000 Recommendations for the design of the environment, buildings and structures, taking into account the needs of persons with disabilities and other low-friendly populations. Release 10. Public buildings and structures. Medical institutions: Polyclinics, ambulatory, pharmacies (MDS 74.RAR)

75.MDS 35-6.2000 Recommendations for the design of the environment, buildings and structures, taking into account the needs of persons with disabilities and other low-friendly populations. Release 12. Public buildings and structures. Athletic facilities (MDS 75.RAR)

76.MDS 35-7.2000 Recommendations for the design of the environment, buildings and structures, taking into account the needs of persons with disabilities and other small groups of the population. Release 13. Public buildings and structures. Physical and health facilities (MDS 76.RAR)

77.MDS 35-8.2000 Recommendations for the design of the environment, buildings and structures, taking into account the needs of persons with disabilities and other low-friendly populations. Release 14. Public buildings and structures. Cinemas, clubs, libraries, museums (MDS 77.RAR)

78.MDS 35-9.2000 Recommendations for the design of the environment, buildings and structures, taking into account the needs of persons with disabilities and other low-friendly populations. Release 19. Public buildings and structures. Buildings and facilities of transport (MDS 78.RAR)

79.MDS 35-10.2000 Recommendations for the design of the environment, buildings and structures, taking into account the needs of persons with disabilities and other low-friendly populations. Issue 20. Industrial enterprises, buildings and facilities for disabilities of various categories (MDS 79.RAR)

80.MDS 35-11.2004 Viktorova L.A. "Creating an environment of labor activities of small groups of the population at industrial enterprises" (monograph) (MDS 80.RAR)

81.MDS 40-1.2000 (with change 2003) Rules for the use of municipal water supply and sewage systems in the Russian Federation 1999 (MDS 81.RAR)

82.MDS 40-2.2000 Manual for the design of autonomous engineering systems for single-quality and blocked residential buildings (water supply, sewage, heat supply and ventilation, gas supply, electricity supply) (SNiP 2.04.02-84, 2.04.01-85) (MDS 82.RAR)

83.MDS 40-3.2000 Methodical recommendations for ensuring the fulfillment of the requirements of sanitary rules and the norms of Sanpin 2.1.4.559-96 "Drinking water. Hygienic requirements for the quality of water of centralized drinking water supply systems. Quality control" at water stations when cleaning natural waters (MDS 83.RAR)

85.MDS 41-2.2000 Instructions for the placement of thermal units intended for heating and hot water supply of single-quality or blocked residential buildings 1996 (MDS 85.RAR)

86.MDS 41-3.2000 Organizational and Methodical recommendations for the use of municipal heat supply systems in cities and other settlements (MDS 86.RAR)

87.MDS 41-4.2000 Methods for determining the amounts of thermal energy and heat carrier in water heat supply water systems (a practical allowance for recommendations on the organization of metering thermal energy and coolant at enterprises, in institutions and organizations of housing and communal services and the budget sector) (MDS 87.RAR)

88.MDS 41-5.2000 Recommendations for the organization of the organization of thermal energy and coolants in enterprises, institutions and organizations of housing and communal services and the budget sector (MDS 88.RAR)

89.MDS 41-6.2000 Organizational and methodological recommendations for the preparation for the heating period and improving the reliability of municipal heat supply systems in cities and settlements of the Russian Federation (MDS 89.RAR)

90.MDS 41-7.2004 Methods for assessing the effect of humidity on the effectiveness of thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines (MDS 90.RAR)

91.MDS 42-1.2000 Regulations on the diagnosis of the technical condition of domestic gas pipelines of residential and public buildings. General requirements. Diagnostic methods (MDS 91.RAR)

92.MDS 51-1.2001 Basics of brickwork technology. Toolkit (MDS 92.RAR)

93.MDS 53-1.2001 Recommendations for the installation of steel building structures (to SNiP 3.03.01-87) (MDS 93.RAR)

94.MDS 53-2.2004 Diagnosing Steel Structures (MDS 94.RAR)

95.MDS 55-1.2005 Materials for Design and Work Drawings of Nodes (MDS 95.RAR)

96.MDS 56-1.2000 Recommendations for the choice and device of modern windows designs (MDS 96.RAR)

97.MDS 62-1.2000 recommendations on statistical assessment of concrete strength when testing non-destructive methods (MDS 97.RAR)

98.MDS 62-2.01 Methodical recommendations for monolithic concrete strength of monolithic structures with an ultrasonic method method of surface sound (MDS 98.RAR)

99.MDS 80-1.99 Methodical recommendations for determining the economic efficiency of protection against corrosion in construction (MDS 99.RAR)

100.MDS 80-2.2000 Use of Competition between employees of the project organization for survival in the market. Manual for director (MDS 100.RAR)

101.MDS 80-3.2000 Methodical recommendations for the evaluation of the offer and the choice of the best offer from those represented on contracting (MDS 101.RAR)

102.MDS 80-4.2000 Methodical recommendations for the preparation of tender documentation during contractual bidding (MDS 102.RAR)

103.MDS 80-5.2000 Methodical recommendations for the preliminary qualifications of applicants for participation in contract trafficking (MDS 103.RAR)

104.MDS 80-6.2000 Methodical recommendations for contract trading procedure (MDS 104.RAR)

105.MDS 80-7.2000 Methodical recommendations for the development of the commercial part of the Kustomer's tender documentation and the offer of the applicant (MDS 105.RAR)

106.MDS 80-8.2000 Methodical recommendations for the development of technical part of the tender documentation and the offer of the applicant (MDS 106.RAR)

107.MDS 80-9.2000 Methodical recommendations for the development of conditions of contracts for construction for warranties and guarantees. Tom II. (MDS 107.RAR)

108.MDS 80-10.2000 Methodical recommendations for the development of the terms of the contract under the section "Manufacture of Works". Volume III (MDS 108.RAR)

109.MDS 80-11.2000 Methodical recommendations for the development of the terms of the contract for the measures of property responsibility. Tom IV. (MDS 109.RAR)

110.MDS 80-12.2000 Methodical recommendations for the development of conditions (requirements) of the Investor (Customer) in the preparation of contract trades (MDS 110.RAR)

111.MDS 80-13.2000 Regulations on contract trades in the Russian Federation (MDS 111.RAR)

112.MDS 80-14.2000 Regulations of the Tender Committee (MDS 112.RAR)

113.MDS 80-15.2000 Recommendations for organizing the work of the project organization's head of the project in new economic conditions (MDS 113.RAR)

114.MDS 80-16.2000 Typical forms of contracts (contracts) between the customer and the designer (sister) with recommendations for their application (MDS 114.RAR)

115.MDS 80-17.2001 Methodical recommendations on the procedure for holding contests for work, provision of services in construction and housing and communal services in the Russian Federation (MDS 115.RAR)

116.MDS 81-2.99 Methodical instructions for the development of collections (catalogs) of estimated prices for materials, products, structures and collectors of estimated prices for the transportation of goods for the construction and overhaul of buildings and structures (MDS 116.RAR)

117.MDS 81-3.99 (with change 2001) Methodical instructions for the development of estimated norms and rates for the operation of construction machines and motor vehicles (MDS 117.RAR)

118.MDS 81-4.99 Methodical instructions to determine the value of overhead in construction (MDS 118.RAR)

119.MDS 81-5.99 Methodical instructions to determine the magnitude of overhead and estimated profit in construction, carried out in the areas of the Far North and localities equivalent to them (MDS 119.RAR)

120.MDS 81-6.2000 Methodological manual for determining the estimated cost of capital repairs of residential buildings, communal and socio-cultural facilities (MDS 120.RAR)

121.MDS 81-7.2000 Methodical manual for calculating the cost of the customer-developer service (MDS 121.RAR (( mDS 129.RAR)

130.MDS 81-16.2000 Methodical recommendations for the formation and use of enlarged indicators of the basic value (OPBS) of the construction of buildings and facilities of industrial purposes (MDS 130.RAR)

131.MDS 81-17.2000 Methodical recommendations for the formation and use of enlarged indicators of the basic value (OPBC), taking into account the consumer properties of construction products for housing and civil facilities (MDS 131.RAR)

132.MDS 81-18.2000 Methodical recommendations for the formation of enlarged indicators of the basic value for types of work and the procedure for their application for the preparation of investor estimates and contractor's proposals (BP FEBS) (MDS 132.RAR)

133.MDS 81-19.2000 Methodical instructions on the procedure for developing government element estimates for construction, assembly, special construction and commissioning work (MDS 133.RAR)

134.MDS 81-20.2000 Methodical guidelines for the development of single rates for construction, assembly, special construction and repair and construction work (MDS 134.RAR)

135.MDS 81-21.2000 The procedure for determining the estimated cost of construction and estimated costs in the composition of technical and economic substantiations and feasibility proposals for the construction of facilities abroad with the participation of organizations of the Russian Federation ()

140.MDS 81-26.2001 Methodical instructions on the development of government element estimated standards for equipment installation (GESNM-2001) (MDS 140.RAR)

141.MDS 81-32.2003 Methodical recommendations for the use of federal unit rates for construction, assembling, special construction, repair and commissioning works (Fer-2001) in determining the cost of construction products in the subjects Russian Federation (MDS 141.RAR)

142.MDS 81-33.2004 Methodical instructions for determining the value of overhead costs in construction (instead of MDS 81-4.99) (MDS 142.RAR)

143.MDS 81-34.2004 (with change of 1,2004) Methodical instructions to determine the magnitude of overhead in construction, carried out in the areas of the Far North and localities equivalent to them (instead of MDS 81-5.99) (MDS 81-38.2004 Instructions on the use of federal unit rates for repair and construction work (Ferr-2001) (MDS 147.RAR)

148.MDS 81-40.2006 Instructions for the use of federal unit rates for commissioning (FERP-2001) (MDS 148.RAR)

149.MDS 83-1.99 Methodical guidelines for determining the amount of funds for labor payment at contract prices and estimates for the construction and payment of workers of construction and installation and repair and construction organizations (MDS 149.RAR)

Straz everyone hi ... In this topic (if possible) I will lay out the reins of your Grand Cherokee and the Cherokee of Comrade .. With pictures and description how it happens in the US

Briefly about yourself:

As Carlson in the heal of forces)) almost forty). There are from Belarus (Minsk) .. What time lived in Moscow ... then again Minsk .. and in the end I brought me to burn in the US, New Jersey state .. Male resort town Wildwood ... For a long time to the USA .. Realized by military historical reconstruction .. After the move, the move has suspended its hobby .. no time ...

Brand Jeep got sick with a long time when everything was wonderful with the business .. bought the Grand Cherokee 1999 4.0 car at that time it was 5 years ... then she switched to me .. however, I now remember my acquaintances on taares..Kien and Nissan (what then there is not a patrol .. there is such a whole one) who bent the fingers that their parkets such as SUVs .. We argued and walking in the suburbs .. they didn't hit the road through the lot and drove ... As a result, I pulled out everyone)) on the cereals .. After due to problems in business, it was necessary to sell it .. and for a long time he was my dream ... The dream came true here in the States .. Lit as the second..birth worker and for the pleasure of auto ..

So we have:

Jeep Grand Cherokee 2001 release color is goldenly rusty)) Mileage when buying was 285 thousand miles .. Now 293 with something there ... Blues .. The present owner in principle followed him .. a new new nodes .. The lane is changed to 230 Thousands ..Transmission periodically kicks, but I drive almost a year and I do not bother ... I rang it for 1500 evergreen (at the price of wheels with disks. There are no wheels from Rangler and Bridgestone tires) during operation Replaced: both front calipers .... with Pads ... And the brake line is entirely .. it is the rear left wheel .. prognived. Hood / trunk shock absorbers / glass ... thermostat ..

The outlined repairs: replacing the hub bearings. The difference of differentials and ... Today I will look at what the problem is ..

Yesterday, thanks to the prompts from this forum, it was quickly repaired by the refusable driver control console with glasses / mirrors ... Wire broke ... Real thanks.

Second patient:

Jeep Grand Cherokee 2004 4.0 Mileage 159 of something there is miles. Cool silver rusty .. acquired for my friend for whole seven hundred evergnery. I had to bargain with the hostess .. the Radiator flows and scored (the radiator was ordered for 76 dollars .. not the original .. Chain Maid) .. The driver's console does not work .. the right rear glass Passenger on Scotch .. Mehanism broken ... Oil pallet flows ...

Machine on the move .. Sootor and transmission work regularly ... Usually, such machines are handed over to scrap, as the repair (the operation of the mechanic .. it is spare parts .. very expensive) but the Slavs do not give up ...

In general, I will slowly spread pictures in this theme with explanations about the repair of two old Cherkans .. the first party.

I hope it will be interesting ..

PS: Sorry for malling