What is car parking definition. Car parking dimensions. Incorrect parking fines

Often, drivers violate traffic rules out of ignorance of the differences between parking and parking. This threatens with a fine, and with systematic warnings, even administrative liability is possible. This is especially true in some countries where the vehicle can only be parked in the places designated for this. Violation of the rules can lead to deportation, followed by a ban on entry into the given state.

Definition

Parking is a place where any vehicle can be rendered inoperative and left for a short time. A special feature is the ability to stop the car for free.

Parking- this is a place where the car owner can leave his vehicle for a long time and, for a certain fee, transfer responsibility for the safety of the car to the parking employee. Also, this concept applies to garages and closed structures.

Comparison of parking and parking

What is the difference between parking and parking? First of all, it is a fee. Parking usually does not require payment; it can be carried out near shops, hospitals and bus stops. But the car should not be stationary for a long time. As a rule, this concept refers to taxis, buses and minibuses. But an ordinary car can also park near a certain place to drop off passengers. Parking, on the other hand, allows you to leave the car for a long time. For this, there are special places near shopping centers, hospitals and catering places. In this case, you will not have to pay for parking either. But the car will not be guarded either.

Another option for parking and parking is a paid guarded territory. The driver pays the dispatcher for a certain time for which he needs to leave the car. Only the territory is guarded in the parking lot, but the dispatcher will not bear responsibility for each transport. This also applies to property inside the car.

It's different in the parking lot. For a fee, the guard takes responsibility for the safety of the car and the property inside it. In the event of theft or theft of the car, the parking employee will be responsible. But this happens extremely rarely due to the closed territory and the access system. And not everyone can afford an expensive parking lot.

Another feature is that parking can only be carried out in strictly designated areas. Violation of this rule, that is, stopping transport under a prohibiting sign, threatens a good fine. Short-term parking does not require special places. If the engine is running, and the driver is inside the car, then he is allowed to stop for a short time at almost any place.

The difference between parking and parking is as follows:

• Parking can be carried out free of charge for a short amount of time.
• You can park near the stops for disembarking passengers, and this is not considered a traffic violation.
• The car is not guarded in long-term parking. No one is responsible for the safety of any appearance car, no property in the cabin.
• The parking lot is more expensive, but the car is complete safety, including property in the salon.
• Parking can only be carried out in designated areas. Violation of this rule can result in a serious fine. This is worth paying attention to people traveling abroad by car.
• The parking lot can be in the form of a garage or a covered area, which will save the car from atmospheric precipitation.

"Tell me who your friend is and I will tell you who you are."
The truth you can't argue with.
But knowledgeable people say that you can better recognize a person by how he parks.

Where is parking allowed and where is it prohibited? Crib.

Parking rules

In general, parking issues are very popular in Russia, because sometimes driving a car is not much cheaper than parking it. But seriously, parking a car at first glance seems like a trifle, but everything is a little more complicated. Firstly, the parking of a vehicle is clearly regulated by the Rules of the Road. Secondly, in different cities and regions may have their own parking nuances. And thirdly, there are unspoken rules, not observing which means not respecting either yourself, or fellow motorists, or pedestrians, or law enforcement officers, or even that cat who is used to bask in the place under which the heating main is laid.

Incorrect parking fines

Alas, Moscow cannot boast of such a parking procedure.

Photo masterok.livejournal.com

Remember a simple axiom - only a tank driver is not required to be able to park his vehicle. For everyone else, parking rules are spelled out in the traffic rules.

Stopping or parking?

Obeying the fashion for Western terminology and the ubiquitous Anglicisms, we will not abandon such a concept as "parking". But in our legislative framework another term appears - "parking"... And if the drivers have long figured out the difference between "inspection" and "inspection" of a vehicle, then they often have difficulties with the definition of "parking" and "stopping".

A stop is a pause in the course, a stop is a stop for 5 or more minutes.

Photo mashinapro.ru

So, a stop is, in simple terms, a cessation of movement lasting no more than 5 minutes.
However, the rules do not limit drivers to five minutes if this time is not enough for them to disembark / pick up passengers or load / unload. But if a vehicle costs more than 5 minutes, and this has nothing to do with either passengers or cargo, then this is already a parking lot.

Parking rules for one and all

First, let's figure out why you should park correctly. Quite often, novice drivers and seasoned steering wheel drivers feel that it doesn't really matter where the car is parked. But, having properly parked your vehicle, you, firstly, will reduce your chances of meeting and communicating with all of our beloved traffic police inspectors and such troubles as a fine.

Someone parks as they want ...

Photo huffpost.com

Secondly, competent parking will protect your car from troubles, such as traffic accidents or mechanical damage caused by particularly disgruntled pedestrians who are defending their rights using radical methods.

And some - as they can.

Photo drive2.ru

By the way, about the accident.

If your car was not parked according to the rules and became a participant in a traffic accident, then all the fault and administrative responsibility inevitably and automatically falls on you.

Where can I park?

V current Regulations road traffic talks about where you can park and where you can not. From clause 12.1, you can learn that parking can be arranged on the side of the road to the right of the road or at the edge of the carriageway. If you still want to park on the left, then this can only be done on roads with one lane in each direction and without tram lines.

It is the violation of the parking rules that is the reason for the difficulties with parking in Moscow.

Photo auto.vesti.ru

But the union of a parked car and a sidewalk is discussed in section 12.2. If you travel by bicycle, moped, motorcycle and car, then you have every right to park your vehicle in the places that are marked with a parking sign ...

... and one of the signs below (here's the answer to the frequently asked question - is it possible to park on the sidewalk).

In all other cases, you will have to park at your own peril and risk. And, of course, conscience.

Where you can't park

At the same time, variations of this sign can be observed on the streets of Russian cities.

Parking is prohibited on odd days of the month

No parking on even days of the month

It is also prohibited to park a vehicle on the roadway outside the settlement, which is indicated by the sign "Main road".

Interesting

The sign "Pedestrian path" prohibits traffic for cars, but nothing is said about parking on the path for pedestrians and cyclists. Yes, a fine of 2 thousand rubles. you will have to pay, because it is impossible to get into the forbidden territory without traffic. However, according to the Code of Administrative Offenses, the traffic police have no right to evacuate your car to the penalty area from the pedestrian path. Many Muscovites, those who have more money, take advantage of this flaw in the Code, and habitually park their four-wheeled "horses" on the tracks intended for "two-legged".

How much does illegal parking cost?

Yard parking rules: it's good where we are not

It should be recognized that the rules for parking in yards and on adjoining territories Until now, no one has unambiguously defined it at the legislative level. And it would be worth it, because, for example, Moscow courtyards more and more resemble a zone of high voltage that arises between residents. However, there is a vault general rules that any driver must comply with.

It is strictly forbidden to park the car on the lawns. The regulation on "green zones" is not spelled out in the traffic rules, but such parking violates another set of rules - the rules for the improvement of the city. In addition, you must not block a passage that impedes the movement of others. Vehicle and pedestrians. Also, sidewalks in the courtyards are a taboo zone for car owners.

Sometimes there is a "parking lot" in the courtyards

Photo zyalt.livejournal.com

If we talk about some clear instructions, then parking the car is prohibited closer than 10 meters from the doors, be it the doors of a store or an entrance, and also no closer than 5 meters from garbage containers.

In London, a car owner can buy a parking right near the house or in the yard for £ 100 a year. For all other parking spaces, Londoners pay £ 4 per hour and can stay in this place for a maximum of four hours.

With regard to other prohibitions, a car with a running engine cannot be parked in courtyards. Remember - no more than 4 minutes 59 seconds. This rule is worth considering for motorists who warm up the engine before leaving during the winter months.

And, of course, they are completely discriminated against in relation to the yard parking lot. trucks with a permissible maximum weight of more than 3.5 tons.

Parking rules in Moscow

A city can be considered the one that has reached the highest level of motorization if there are 300 to 400 cars per 1,000 inhabitants. In 2013 Moscow in the list of the most motorized cities took second place- 380 cars per “killer” of the population. Hence, you get 127 hours a year, which a Moscow driver spends on fighting traffic jams.

Free parking is a luxury for Moscow

Photo auto.mail.ru

So that's it. As soon as the city reaches high level motorization, he automatically waives the "free parking" regulations. This is the answer to the question why parking in Moscow has become paid. We must not forget about the convenience of pedestrians, the priority of public transport and moving vehicles. Parked cars that simply take up public space are at the very bottom of the priority table. In other words, if you want to stand, pay. This is exactly what is said on the pages of the project, which is designed to cope with the problem of "chaotic parking" on the capital's streets.

Parking rules in the center of Moscow are simple to the point of banality - the car can be left wherever it is not prohibited by the rules or the relevant road signs... If you do not follow this norm, then be sure to replenish the statistics of the evacuees for wrong parking auto - about 1300 rubles per day.

You can pay for parking through the parking meter

Photo torange.ru

Most shopping centers in Moscow provide free parking spaces, but there are also those (they are located within the Third Transport Ring), where only the first hours of parking are free. There are also small parking tricks: you can leave your car in the parking lot of the Moscow Hotel if you buy at least something in one of the many local boutiques.

Subtleties of the question

If you have parked your car, but at the same time only drove a little on a curbstone, then law enforcement officers will unequivocally regard this as a full-fledged parking on the sidewalk. For the convenience of one wheel - a fine and evacuation of the "steel horse" to the "penalty stable".

Imagine leaving your car on the sidewalk. According to current legislation, you can be fined two minimum wages for violating the rules of parking or stopping on the sidewalk, which resulted in the creation of obstacles to the movement of pedestrians. But the fact of creating obstacles still needs to be proved. And there is no fact, there is no corpus delicti. However, obedience to the law should be at the forefront of all such situations.

Today, traffic cops use devices called "Parkon", which independently identify and record violations of parking rules. After that, the drivers receive “letters of happiness”. So do not rely on chance and beware of the newfangled gadgets that law enforcement officers are armed with.

If you want to know what kind of person - look how he parks the car!

Photo fedpress.ru

In order not to lose money (fines, payment for evacuation and storage in the parking lot), time and nerve cells, try to get along with this capricious lady, whose name is "Parking". Remember the patience of the legendary Noah, who searched for parking on his ark full of passengers until he found it near the majestic Ararat. Respect the law, pedestrians and your fellow drivers, and you will always find parking space under the sun.

Article 25. Long-term and short-term storage sites vehicles

1. Areas for long-term and short-term storage of vehicles include:

1) parking lots - open areas for the temporary stay of vehicles belonging to visitors to objects of various functional purposes;

2) parking lots - open areas for storing cars;

3) guest parking - open areas intended for parking passenger cars visitors to residential areas;

4) parking garages - buildings and structures intended for storage or parking of cars;

5) garages - buildings intended for long-term storage and Maintenance cars.

2. Rationing of the number, design and construction of places for long-term and short-term storage of vehicles should be carried out in accordance with regional and local standards for urban planning of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra and the municipal formation of the city district of Surgut.

3. The obligatory list of improvement elements on the site for long-term and short-term storage of vehicles includes hard surfaces, surface interface elements, fences, pedestrian walkways, bins or small waste containers, lighting equipment, information equipment (signs).

4. On structures for long-term and short-term storage of vehicles with a flat and low-slope roof, located in multi-storey residential and public buildings, greening may be provided.

5. At the sites of on-site parking lots, it is recommended to design the share of places for disabled cars in accordance with SNiP 59.13330.2016.

6. Car parking, especially multi-storey overground parking lots, should not interfere with the system of pedestrian routes in the structure of public and semi-private spaces.

7. Car parks, especially multi-storey aboveground and underground car parks, must be safe. Such facilities should be provided with security and video surveillance systems.

8. Improvement of the site of the territory intended for storage of cars in non-capital non-stationary garage structures is recommended to be represented by a solid type of coverage of paths and driveways, lighting equipment. Garage structures or compartments are recommended to be provided unified, with elements of landscaping and placement of fences.

9. When designing a parking infrastructure, it is recommended to use a variety of architectural, planning and design techniques that ensure their integration into the structure of the surrounding space, including with elements of greening and greening of roofs.

10. When planning public spaces and courtyards, it is recommended to provide for special obstacles in order to prevent parking of vehicles on lawns.

11. In open-type parking lots, a heated room should be provided for storing primary fire extinguishing equipment, personal protective equipment and firefighting tools (on the ground floor) in accordance with GOST.

Photo by Pravo.Ru

Is it possible to compensate for the damage caused by setting the car on fire from the owner of the parking lot, if there is no contract with him, and the receipts burned down along with the car? The appeal decided that this was impossible without the presentation of documents, but the Supreme Court corrected it. He demonstrated a tough approach to the distribution of the burden of proof, which will make life difficult for paid parking, the expert comments.

If a parked car is damaged, does the car park owner have to compensate for it? Everything depends on the legal qualification of the relationship, the Supreme Court decided in the case of Irina Soshenko * from Kaliningrad. She sued the owner of her parking lot, OOO Skam, and demanded to pay her 525,910 rubles. - the cost of the car, which she lost as a result of arson by unknown persons.

According to Pavel Khlyustov, attorney, partner of the KA "Barshchevsky & Partners", there is no universal rule that makes it possible to distinguish between when the territory is a parking lot, and when a parking lot, the court must decide this issue in each specific case. According to Chermen Dzotov, founder of the service for the selection of highly specialized lawyers "Let's Find a Lawyer" Such conflicts between parking lot owners and car owners are not uncommon. The rules for the provision of parking services, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation on November 17, 2001, stipulate that the owner of the parking lot is responsible for storing cars and other vehicles, unless otherwise specified in the contract. "But there are practically no such cases - no sensible driver or car owner will draw up such an agreement. Therefore, the court usually makes decisions in favor of the plaintiffs-car owners who file claims against the owners of parking lots," Dzotov said.

At the same time, parking lot owners use a number of tricks to evade responsibility. So, for example, they may not prescribe in the contract liability for theft from a car park or its component parts, radio tape recorders and other types of property. "Therefore, it is necessary to carefully read the contract signed with the representatives of the parking lot. If the above points are missing, insist on signing them," the lawyer advises.

Traditionally, we call a parking lot by the word "parking" or "parking lot". But what is parking? Parking is the name for large engineering structures, both underground and aboveground, often of a multi-level type, which are intended for temporary storage of cars. Thus, "parking" is a modern type of car parks.

What is parking

In scientific terminology, parking (parking) is a translation process technical means, including a car, into a static non-working state in a specially designated place. In everyday life, the word "parking" refers to temporary parking areas agreed with the authorities. At the same time, the term "parking lot" is often used to refer to large areas specially designated for car storage. And parking, as a rule, is one of the elements of the road network, and has a much smaller area and capacity. Usually, parking refers to simple areas or places where you can leave your car for a while.

Parking is the name for large engineering structures, both underground and aboveground, often of a multi-level type, which are also intended for temporary storage of cars. Thus, the question of what a parking lot is can be answered as follows: "parking" is a modern type of parking lot.

Although in the scientific sense, all three terms - "parking", "parking" and "parking" - are almost synonymous.

Why is the problem of constructing parking lots more and more urgent

The constant trend towards urbanization, the movement of the population to cities, as well as an increase in the number of personal cars, are leaving less and less space to park your car. While in Western countries the peak of motorization has actually been passed, and the popularity of public transport is growing, in our country movement on your own personal car becomes the norm for the majority of residents. This is facilitated by the constant rise in prices for public transport, the policy of the federal authorities and the trend towards individualization of the population, which began after the collapse of the USSR, and continues up to the present time.

In many cases, this even leads to a deterioration in the environmental situation, as more trees and other greenery are cut down for parking lots and parking lots. Traffic jams are on the rise and car owners are increasingly stressed.

Centralized parking lots for Western countries are not uncommon for a long time. In our country, they are now also used more and more often. Investments in the construction of parking lots in cities are now very profitable in economic (and even environmental) terms. After all, the presence of several levels and the possibility of being located underground gives a good economy of space.

Parking lot design

Now centralized parking lots are being designed during the construction phase. Especially if these are train stations, airports, large shopping centers, theaters. To calculate the number of car places, SNiP criteria and other parameters are used. When drawing up a project of parking lots, professional specialists are involved.

But in our country, unauthorized parking lots are still common, for example, under the entrances of multi-storey buildings. Where parking lots have not been created, cars are left in the most convenient parking places.

Varieties of parking

According to the duration of storage of the vehicle and the mode of operation of the parking lot, they are divided into the following types:

• Temporary - designed to find the car for a short time. They are often paid.
• Permanent. Used to store vehicles for a long time. They are usually fenced in and guarded.
• Seasonal. They work only during the holiday season, therefore they are typical for recreation areas.

By the nature of the location, the parking lot can be:

1. Overground. This can be a playground fenced with a high fence, a covered structure or a parking area with individual spaces.
2. Underground. They can be located on one or more underground floors and located under buildings or structures. When creating such a parking, it is mandatory to take into account the special requirements prescribed in the SNiP.
3. Parking areas on buildings. Usually they are built on houses with a small number of storeys, since the higher the roof of the building, the more difficult it is to deliver a car there. For lifting and lowering cars, elevators, escalators and special arrivals are used. Usually, such parking lots are used in large shopping centers and offices.

Ground parking is the simplest and most traditional way of organizing parking. Usually such an area is fenced and has a gate for cars to pass through. There is a kiosk at the gate to pay for a seat, and the cashier, as a rule, is also the guard of the vehicles that are left. However, in conditions of a shortage of territory, now more and more people prefer special parking facilities (that is, parking lots).

Parking lots can be surface, underground or combined. These are often multilevel structures. As a rule, such structures are covered. In addition to the actual parking lot, there may be workshops and other additional facilities.

Parking cost

The advantages of parking are obvious. But what about the parking price? The maintenance of parking lots, as well as their construction, is much more expensive than open parking lots. All this, of course, is reflected in the prices for a car seat. The cost of parking in the most modern multi-level car parks can be enormous. And the marketing value of parking lots in monetary terms is very high.

The most prestigious parking lots in Russia

If you do not take foreign countries, then the most prestigious parking lots- these are parking lots in Moscow. For example, there is such a multi-level parking in Sevan. It was built with the support of the People's Garage program. Another multi-storey complex for parking a car and with a developed infrastructure is on Letnikovskaya. A number of new parking complexes are being built - Moscow parking lots.

The most advanced version of parking is considered to be a structure equipped with a special lift for cars to the parking place.

What is taken into account when constructing a parking lot

Modern car parks are rather complex structures, the construction of which requires careful preliminary preparation. Initially, a construction project is being developed. This is a complex and time-consuming process, comparable to the development of projects for the construction of buildings or engineering structures. This takes into account various factors, both technical and legal. Only professionals can do this kind of work.

Set required documents similar to the one that is assembled before the construction of residential buildings. As practice shows, the quick payback of parking complexes makes them an attractive investment.

The project documents indicate the maximum parking capacity, area and expected income level.

Multi-storey car parks are serious capital structures. They have a wide driveway, a façade, and dedicated spaces for cars. The parking lots are provided with ventilation, video surveillance, fire safety system, alarm, lighting system and other amenities. All this attracts a greater number of customers and distinguishes parking lots from ordinary parking lots, including paid ones.

When organizing a parking lot, it is imperative to take into account such customer requirements as:

• 24-hour security system for cars and people.
• Lighting and quality of flooring.
• Availability of entrance and exit passages.
• Sufficient parking space in the parking lot, that is, a sufficient amount of space allocated for the car.

There are also Additional requirements:

1. The presence of a heating system and climate control.
2. Ventilation, waterproofing, environmental control device.
3. Ensuring the smooth operation of mobile communications.
4. Security better view, which is achieved by a higher ceiling height, high-quality lighting, a wider entry and exit zones, individual design solutions.

Most often, there are no more than three levels in underground parking, since more of them are considered economically inexpedient and may be limited by local legislation.

What is the opinion of Russian motorists

Underground parking lots provide more conditions for car owners than parking or parking, therefore, reviews about parking should be better. However, in our country, the parking system is poorly organized, which is reflected in a large number of negative comments from motorists.

Thus, the article provided an answer to the question of what parking is.