Procedure for charging the battery charger. How to charge a car battery? Use of constant voltage

The owners of new cars do not care about the battery charge issue. Of course, if the technique is operated in accordance with the instructions. But after 3-5 years, the battery is flashed, and can bring in the most inopportune moment.

Or you listened to music too long in the garage, with the engine off. And maybe left the headlights on the night. Causes for unplanned battery discharge is enough.

And it is not always possible to "see" from another car, and restore performance from the standard generator. For this, you will have to drive in high speeds several hundred kilometers.

No need to despair. You can always charge the car battery chargerEven if the voltage level dropped below the critical one. Therefore, such a device should be in the arsenal of the motorist.

How to propagate the battery?

There is no universal answer to this question. General rule following: long charging smaller current is more useful for AKB than an accelerated high current charge. However, this mode is not always possible. Sometimes it is necessary to continue to restore performance before leaving.

How much time to charge a car battery to not recharge? Details in this video

Yes, and the regular system of recharging is far from perfection: even with normal operation of the voltage regulator, the duration of the trip is different. As a result, the battery on the operating car is charged with jerks, unsystematic.

There are several ways of autonomous charging.

Optimal charge current

Should not exceed 10% of the battery capacity. That is, if you have a battery 60st (capacity 60 hour), the correct charge current should not exceed 6a. Thus, you charge the battery, if there is a lot of time to recover.

Important! It is necessary to make an amendment when charging maintained batteries. Since the electrolyte vapor exit valve is too small, the current should be reduced to 5% of the tank. Otherwise, in the event of boiling, the battery can crack.

Express method

If you need to quickly charge the battery charger (urgent departure), you can accelerately restore the container sufficient to start the engine.

Important! In any way of charge, leave the battery without control is unsafe. Even if you have an intelligent charger, automation can fail.

How to determine the charge capacity? By voltage on the contacts of the battery.
Table EMF battery Volts at temperatures:

+20 ... + 25 ° С	-5 ... + 5 ° С	-10 ...- 15 ° С	Battery charge degree,%
12,70 – 12,90	12,80 – 13,00	12,90 – 13,10	100
12,55 – 12,65	12,65 – 12,75	12,75 – 12,85	75
12,20 – 12,30	12,30 – 12,40	12,40 – 12,50	60
12,00 – 12,10	12,10 – 12,20	12,20 – 12,30	25
11,70 – 12,00	11,80 – 12,00	11,90 – 12,10	no charge

EMF is measured without load on the battery contacts. Be sure to consider the temperature. The testimony in the table may differ slightly, it is not fundamentally. Having determined the discharge percentage, you can correctly calculate the time and charging current.

For example, a battery capacity of 60 Ah. At a temperature of + 5 ° С EMF on 12.4 volts contacts. So, the battery lost 50% of the container. With charge current 6a, it will take 5 hours for charging.

Set the current value in the device and check the time. At the end of the calculated set of capacitance, make member again. Just allow the battery a little cool, to determine the exact value of the EDC.

The electrolyte is heated when charging, and the thermometer you feed the temperature of the ambient air.

Another way to determine the residual capacity of the battery is measured by the electrolyte density.

The magnitude of the freezing temperature is no less important than the voltage on the contacts of the AKB. As it discharge, the temperature of the transformation of the electrolyte into ice increases.

If a fully charged battery can withstand frost -60 ° C, then with a charge of 25%, the electrolyte will freeze already at -15 ° C. A crack is formed on the housing, and the electrolyte will fall into the open space.

Is it possible to recharge the car battery, and what threatens the reload?

Normal in battery no higher than 1.27. With a further increase, the electrolyte begins to disintegrate and the acid.

Water in turn will boil trite, because through it there is a current in several (and maybe in several tens) amps. If traffic jams are closed, or the battery is maintenanceable (hermetic), it threatens the battery explosion.


At the same time, all the surrounding space (for example - increasing, which is especially sad) will be spattered with acid. And if at this moment people will be nearby, not to avoid troubles.

If you are correctly charged the car's battery, and the plugs are unscrewed (or the pressure reset valve is running normally) - water from the electrolyte will simply pop up. But the lattices of the plates are taken off, the sulphate filler is causing, and it will be impossible to restore the battery.

Important! If you stop the booming process in time, the distilled water can always be addressed by waiting for a cooling of the battery.

It is possible to periodically check the health of the voltage regulator on your generator. It is desirable that the voltage in the onboard network of the car (especially on the terminals of the battery) did not exceed 14.5 volts with the engine running. Creamently press gas, and check the instrument readings. The value may increase by 0.1 - 0.2 volts, it is not scary.

If the generator does not limit the voltage - the battery threatens the recharge in motion.

What to charge the car battery on the road?

There are different situations. For example, you discharge the battery away from settlementwhere you can recharge the battery. In this case, only "cursing" will help. Stop the other machine, and get out of its battery (there is an instruction in each service book).

Then move in the direction of the place where you can recharge the battery with the charger. If the path is required, do not shuffle the motor until you make sure the charge is restored.

If the battery was discharged on the road, then the car can be revealed by a screwdriver. Look carefully video

Always keep the battery in good condition. Do not allow redundant discharge. If the car is not exploited for a long time - disconnect the terminals under the hood at the parking time. There are enough consumers in the car, even when the light is turned off, the discharge occurs in a couple of months.

Lastly watch the video How to charge the calcium battery at home

I note that

A guarantee of the work of a new battery is 1-2 years old, and the overall service life with proper care for AKB - 5 years. One of the most important conditions for the durability of the battery is recharging from external source Energy. The main task of the battery is the start of the engine. The further work of the electrical equipment of the car is provided by the generator who charges and the battery, but cannot charge it by 100%. Cause in the relay controller, which limits the battery charging voltage 14, 1B. For a full, 100% charging of the battery, a voltage is required at 14.5 V.

Important!The battery resource is limited by the number of "charging - discharge" cycles and exposure to a natural self-discharge, so carrying out preventive recharging using a charger - a prerequisite for long-term and trouble-free operation of the AKB.

The frequency of prophylactic recharging of the battery is 1-2 times a year or, depending on the degree of charging.

How to determine the level of discharge of the battery?

Aareometer.

This is an outdated, but accurate and fast way to check the battery performance. Applies only for served by batteries, that is, having traffic jams to access the electrolyte.

We lower the perpendicular range consistently into each bank of the battery and measure the density.

The battery is fully charged if the electrolyte density is 1.28 g / cm3 at 25 ° C. If the density is below this value, the battery is charged from an external source.

Voltmeter or multimeter.

Connect the voltmeter to the battery terminals and compare the obtained readings with the data data.

Table 1.

Load fork.

Check is carried out in two stages:

• Without load.

Indications are removed as an ordinary voltmeter.

• Under load.

It happens that with a normal degree of charging, as evidenced by the green indicator, the battery does not twist the starter and quickly discharged. In this case, the battery must be checked under the load to find out its real performance.

The readings are removed 5 seconds after switching on the load. If the voltage is less than 10.2 volts, then the battery requires charging to normal. If after charging the battery when re-checking under load quickly loses the container, then it should be replaced with a new one.

Important!Insofar as load fork It has the ability to connect the load in the range of 1-1.4 capacity of the battery being checked, which is the maximum discharge current for it, then frequent checks under load worsen the status of the battery and can be outlined.

How to choose the correct charger?

Chargers are designed to restore the performance of the battery and there are two types:

• Simple charger (memory).
• Combined (commissioning unit ROM)

In addition to the possibility of charging the battery, such devices have an additional engine start function in case of a regular battery failure. It is convenient and practical for car enthusiasts living in regions with harsh climatic conditions.

The procedure for selecting a charger.

1. Select the charger in accordance with the characteristics of the AKB. Charging current must be at least 10% of the battery capacity. For example, if the container automotive battery 60 A / h, the charging current of the buying device is at least 6a.

2. To share with the price and plant manufacturer will help table 2.

Table 2.

3. It is necessary to take into account the operating conditions.

For mild winters and infrequent trips, it is enough to buy an inexpensive simple charger of Chinese manufacturers. For harsh and long winter, it is better to choose a charging starter with the Boost function to quickly recharging the battery.

Important!Boost mode is used only in emergency cases. The current for the forced charging reaches 70% of the rated battery capacity and reduces the battery life of the AKB.

Instructions for charging the battery.

1. Clean the battery, clean from dust and dirt.

2. Share with the place where charging will occur:

• In an apartment or house.

Important!When charging the battery at home, keep care. Evaporation of the electrolyte contain toxic gases (hydrogen chloride, sulfur gas). In addition, the highlighted hydrogen, connecting with oxygen, forms a rat mixture. To avoid an explosion in the room where the battery is charging, do not smoke!

• Without removing the battery from the car.

In order not to be shot down the settings of electronic equipment (climate control, radio, alarm, indications on-board computer), Drivers charge acb, without removing it from cars. In this case, a warm, well ventilated garage will be required. IN winter conditions Prior to the start of the charging process, the car should stand in heat at least 6 hours.

• At the station maintenance (ONE HUNDRED).

Important!When connecting the charger, observe polarity. Red wire "+", and black - "minus". If icons erased on the battery lid, the plus terminal is larger in size in diameter than minus.

How to use the automatic charger, you can see here.

4. Ackumulator is considered charged if the voltage on terminals, the voltmeter measured by the voltmeter, is not changed for 1 hour and is in the range of 14.5-16.0 V.

5. In the safety reasons, the charging current is twice less than the calculated, which extends the process of charging in time.

6.The current current is 10% of the capacity of the charged battery, and the voltage of at least 14.5 V.

Important!The main indicator when charging for non-servant batteries This is the voltage, and for the serviced current.

1. When working with an electrolyte, put on rubber gloves and safety glasses. If you get an eye on the skin and mucous membrane, it is necessary to rinse the affected areas with water.

2. The battery charging time stick to the rules: the slower, the better!

But remember that with a large charging current and a long (more day) charging is a battery explosion. As it happens, and what consequences can be found by looking at the video.

3.I. winter time The degree of charge of the battery does not exceed 70-75%. It is useful to charge the battery using the charger in the warm room once a month.

4. Do not complete the battery discharge. If this happened, and the security alarm is not removed, then you can get into the car by opening the door with the key. To do this, you need to remove the plastic pad on the handle of the driver's door and insert the key to the larch of the mechanical lock.

5. Select the electrolyte density. In winter, at a density of 1.20 g / cm3, the temperature of the freezing of electrolyte - 20 ° C.

Successful start depends on the degree of chargeability of the battery vehicle, especially in the cold season. If the battery is discharged, the car cannot be started. We will tell you how to check and charge it at home.

1 Rechargeable battery - how and how much does it work?

Before starting the charging process, you should deal with the basic concepts. The battery capacity is measured in amps-hours. The battery with a capacity of 55 amps is able to give 55 amps within an hour. If the load is smaller, then it will work longer, and vice versa. Normal tension A fully charged battery is from 12.6 to 12.7 V. Voltage with a value of 12V indicates that the battery is charged by 40-50%. With such testimony, you can use the car.

If the machine is in good condition, and the generator gives sufficient recharge, the voltage will quickly recover. The value ranging from 11.5-11.6 B means that the battery is in deep discharge, and this is dangerous for the battery. There is lead plates inside it, with deep discharge the process of their sulfation begins. This decreases capacity. This may lead to the fact that the engine will not start. The discharged battery can be charged to the operating voltage and continue to use.

The battery life during proper maintenance and careful is 4-6 years. At the end of this period, the battery comes into disrepair and is not subject to recovery, it is disposed of.

2 Which discharges the battery and how to know the charge

The battery can be discharged for the following reasons:

• long-term simple machine without movement, especially in winter;
• insufficient volume and density of electrolyte in containers;
• destruction of acb plates;
• damage to the battery case;
• malfunctions in car power grid;
• the car spent a long time with the headlights included.

With a long simple car without movement accumulator battery Does not charge from the generator and gradually discharged. Especially quickly this process occurs in frosty weather. If the machine is eating without a movement for three weeks, the battery can no longer spin the starter and start the engine.

For normal battery operation, you need to control the amount of electrolyte in its banks. There are two types of batteries: serviced and maintained. In the first form, the body of the devices is notometric, and during operation, part of the liquid in the bank evaporates, so it takes it periodically to add it. In this procedure, there is no need for maintenanceable batteries, the tanks are sealed, and the electrolyte circulates inside, evaporating and condensed on the walls of the can.

In the battery you can only pour distilled water.

Battery discharge can cause various car electrical problems: generator setup, short circuit. If workers' plates began to collapse, then the battery is better not to use, as it can cause a short circuit that is able to deal with electrical equipment or cause a fire.

Before charging the battery, you should make sure that it is discharged. This can be determined by the color indicator (if it is present on the AKB). What does the specific color mean, you should look at the sticker near the indicator. Discharge can be determined by the difference in potentials on terminals. The voltage must be not lower than the nominal specified in the instruction manual. The voltage is measured using a multimeter.

3 Preparing for work - Cleaning and verification

If the battery is discharged, it is not necessary to contact the car service, it can be charged at home in the presence of a charger (memory) and knowledge on how to properly carry out the procedure. To begin with the battery must be prepared. To do this, disconnect the terminals, remove it from the car and follow these steps:

• First you need to clean the battery with outside: Remove oxidation, contamination, condensate. For this, the pure cloth is wetted in soda solution and rub the contacts and the surface of the battery. Clear the surface from the mud is important that it does not get inside the battery when the cover is unscrewed, as it can cause the closure and displays the battery.
• The purified acb body should be examined for cracks. If they are detected, it is impossible to operate the battery.
• When the surface is clean, we unscrew the plugs on the serving battery and check which level of electrolyte in banks. If it does not cover completely plates, then plunge distilled water. If this does not make lead plates get warm and destroyed. The plugs are left unscrewed, since gas is released during charging, with closed plugs, the battery can break the battery from the accumulated gases.
• Electrolyte density should be monitored. Indications must be between 1.26 to 1.30 g / cm 3.
• It is necessary to check the vent hole in the battery. It must be clean, otherwise evaporation will not go.

After conducting such preparation, proceed to work.

4 How to connect the device - safety rules

During electrical work special attention Security should be given, as there is an increased risk to health. Charging the car battery at home should be carried out in a dry warm room, preferably non-residential, better in the garage. The room should be well ventilated to eat harmful evaporations, which are allocated during charging (hydrogen, sulfur gas). The procedure cannot be carried out near heaters and open fire. It is forbidden to smoke or use instruments that form a spark, since an explosion is possible when the gases are possible. During the procedure, you should not leave the charger unattended included!

When connecting the memory, the polarity must be observed, plus connects to the positive terminal of the battery, and minus to the negative. There must be strictly observed by the connection sequence: first the clamps are mounted on the battery terminals, and then the power cord is connected to the electrical network and include the memory. After charging the sequence of actions reverse: First, the charger is turned off, and then the crocodiles from the battery terminals are disconnected. It is necessary to avoid the possible explosion of the hydrogen-oxygen mixture from the spark that occurs when disconnecting and attaching crocodiles. Hydrogen is distinguished from cans during charging, and oxygen is present in the air.

5 What 3 ways to charge exist

Before purchasing the charger, it should be found out how voltage has a battery, it can be 6, 12, 24 and 36. V. Motorcycles use the weakest batteries, the most common devices with a voltage of 12 V, installed on passenger cars. In severe technique, a battery voltage can be installed. 36 V.

Memory converts electricity, simple scheme Includes a lowering transformer and diode bridge. The alternating current with a voltage of 220 V, passing through the memory, is converted to a constant current with a voltage of 14-16 V, which charges the battery. The charger can be equipped with voltmeters, ammeters, fuses, current and voltage regulators. There are devices C. automatic selection Required voltage and current strength. If they are not, then you need to know how much ampere is served and independently adjust the current strength.

Battery can be charged in three ways:

1. DC (charging current should be 10% of the container).
2. A constant voltage (the voltage is in the range from 14.5 to 16.5 V with a current, which is reduced from 45 to 20 A).
3. Combined (first by direct current, then constant voltage).

In non-serving products, it is not necessary to top up distilled water and control the density, since there is no access to the electrolyte. If such a battery is discharged, it should be charged carefully: due to the lack of traffic jams, an increased vaporization inside the case, so the probability of the explosion is not excluded. Manufacturers of such batteries recommend using a charging current of no more than 1/20 from the battery tank. If the capacity is 60 am / h, then the charge current must be 2.5 A.

It is possible to quickly charge high currents 20-30 A, but it damages the battery, therefore there is no benefit from such charging. Chargeing gel battery, you need to ensure that the voltage does not exceed the critical value, which is 14.2 V. The bush battery without a charger can be "searched" from another car. To do this, with the help of a high-voltage cable, special clips terminals are connected from one end to the terminals of the discharged battery, and from the other to the battery of the working vehicle. It is important when connecting to observe polarity. After 10 minutes, the acb will be a little rechargeable, and it will be possible to start the engine, after that it will be charged from the generator.

6 How to act with a constant voltage

Charging time depends on the parameters of the current and voltage, as well as the status of the battery. With a charging method, it is important that the stable voltage maintains a stable voltage in the range from 13, 8-14.4 V. The optimal voltage should be 10% more than a nominal battery with its full charge. If the battery has a nominal voltage of 12.6 V, then 10% is 1.26 V, which in the amount will be 13.86 V, which will be the optimal voltage for the memory.

With this method, you can charge Akb of any degree of charge. At the same time, during charging, gas will not be intensively, and the electrolyte is heated. Chargeing, the battery is gaining strength, and gradually its indicators are aligned with the charger. During the first hour, at a positive temperature of electrolyte, the battery is charged by 50-60% of its capacity, for the second - by 20-30%, for the third - by 6-8%. Charging up to 90-95% of the nominal capacity is approximately 4-5 hours. Charging stops when the current decreases to 0.2 A. True, it is impossible to charge the battery to 100% this method. Advantage of charging using a constant voltage: speed and simplicity of the process.

7 What is the difference between the DC method

To charging the battery with direct current May take 10 hours, time depends on the conditions of the procedure. The memory is connected at an electrolyte temperature not higher than 35 degrees. For a new and highly discharged battery, the optimal current must be 1/10 from the battery tank. That is, with a capacity of 60 am / h, it is necessary to supply a current 6 A. The charging is carried out until gasmaking, which corresponds to the voltage at the battery terminals of about 14.4 V. Next, the current value should be reduced to the used battery 2-3 times, for New - 2 times. Then the battery is charged with low current, until all the banks begin to highlight gas.

The two-stage method allows you to accelerate the process and reduce the intensity of the formation of gases that act destroyably on the AKB plates. It is better that the charging current coming on the terminals of the AKB was less from the very beginning. In this example, the current current should not be 6 A, and 3 A. In this case, charging lasts longer than twice, but its quality is higher.

On the complete charge of the AKB can be judged not only by abundant gas formation, but also on the following features:

• the density of the electrolyte remains unchanged for 3 hours;
• the voltage on the terminals reached the value of 15-16.2 V and no longer grows over 3 hours.

During charging, it is necessary to control the electrolyte: the level, density and temperature of the liquid. The electrolyte should not be heated above 30-35 degrees.

When the summer season ends, you can often hear the question from motorists: how to charge car battery right?

And this question arises, because in the frost there may be certain problems with the start of the engine.

Charging lead batteryusually produced from DC sources.

For this, any rectifiers are suitable with the possibility of regulating outgoing current or voltage.

Modern maintenanceable batteries will not be able to charge 100% if the battery charging device does not provide an ability to increase the outgoing voltage to 16 V.

The device for charging the car battery is equipped with two terminals (+ and -).

To accomplish the terminal, connect to the battery, respectively: plus to the plus, minus to minus.

There are two battery charging methods: with current constancy and voltage constant.

The durability of the battery both methods affect the same.

Principles of charger

Charge with current constancy

This method implies the adjustment of the charging current for nominal container battery.

The battery capable of issuing 60 A per hour should be charged with a current force in 6 A.

The charger with this method must necessarily be equipped with a regulating current by the device.

The disadvantage of this method include the need to periodically control and regulate the current strength on the charger, as well as abundant gas release at the end of the charge process.

To reduce the volume of gasms and increase the maximum "rambling" of the current in the battery, it is advisable to apply a step lowering of the current strength to an increase in the voltage during the charge.

For example, the same battery in 60 A.

When the voltage rises to 14.4 V, the current strength should be reduced exactly twice, that is, to adjust to 3 A, in contrast to the initial 6 A.

If the battery is charging last generation, after this operation, it is necessary to wait to increase the voltage to 15 V and reduce the current strength by another twice (up to 1.5 A).

It is possible to determine the full charge of the battery by observations when the readings of the current and voltage remains unchanged within 1-2 hours.

Usually for modern batteries, the voltage value at full charge stops by 16.3-16.4 V.

The degree of charges of the AKB with this method at the end of the charge process depends directly from the voltage value, which is provided by the charger.

For example, the battery in 12 V will be charged by 75-85%, if used voltage at 14.4 within 24 hours.

With the same data, but with a charge voltage of 15 V - by 85-90%, and at a voltage of 16.3-16.4 in almost completely.

Chargers must be equipped with schemes that limit the maximum line of the current charge of the current, since when turned on to a devastated battery, the current strength can jump to 40-50 A and even higher (it all depends on the battery capacity).

In the process of charging the car battery, the voltage at the battery outputs is approaching a predetermined voltage of the charger.

In this case, the charging current is reduced and the end of the process is approaching a zero mark.

The advantage of this method is that it can be used without any observations.

It is completely optional to absolute zero.

If the ratio of the accumulated to the distance to the distance approached 14.2 ± 0.3 or 14.4 ± 0.1, then, in fact, you can turn off the charger and remove the terminals.

For consistency in chargers, there is a battery charging indicator that lights up and notifies full charge.

By minus such a method can be attributed to the loss of time.

To fully charge the battery from the charger (14.4-14,5 V), you will need to spend more than 24 hours.

Battery Charging Rules - Step-by-step instructions

It is important to make sure that the battery will be charged in a well-ventilated room and away from all flammable items.

When charging occurs, the battery liquid begins to evaporate and highlight an explosive mixture of oxygen and hydrogen into the air.

2. The battery should be prepared for charging, clearing the terminals from dirt, oxidation or lubrication.

3. To charge the battery qualitatively, it is recommended to fully discharge it to begin.

To do this, it is enough to turn on the car headlights with a not running engine and leave them for a few hours.

4. It is necessary to check the density of the electrolyte (liquid in the battery).

This will require a special device - aryometer.

At a temperature of +25 ° C, the ideal density will be equal to the indications on the device in 1.25-1.27 g / cm.

Density in banks should not differ according to the indications of more than 0.01 g / cm3.

The liquid must be completely covered with lead plates.

If necessary, the electrolyte can be addressed or diluted with distilled water to achieve the required density of the filler.

5. You need to make sure that the covers removed from all cans, and then connect the charger terminals to the battery terminals.

For this, there is a rule: first always connects to the plus, and then minus to minus and this is when the charger is turned off.

As described above, the current strength should be equal to 1/10 from the battery capacity or below.

If the battery is greatly discharged, the ratio changes to 1/30.

7. Sometimes you need to follow the charging process, especially if this is the current method.

The electrolyte should not heigh over +40 ° C.

If this limit is reached, the number of current supplied by the charger needs to be reduced twice.

8. Checking the battery charging can be calculated using the aryometer readings and an outgoing voltage charger.

If the testimony remains unchanged for 2 hours - the battery is customary to be charged.

Why in winter the battery is discharged faster?

The operation of the battery on the road implies its recharging from the DC generator.

When the air temperature decreases, the internal resistance of the battery begins to grow.

This leads to a deterioration in the battery charge efficiency.

Restore the capacity of a fully discharged battery under reduced temperature with automobile generator Often, it is possible to approximately 70%.

This is when the engine is permanently turned on and the lighting devices turned off.

Cold Winter conditions suggest a frequent long-lasting start of the engine, moving to short distances and for a long time, the included lighting, which is not very economically affected by the battery charge.

Good to know

The battery life is determined by the number of recharging cycles (must be specified in the documentation).

This number is usually from 800 to 1000.

This number includes recharging from the automotive generator.

Therefore, in fact, each trip can be timed to circulates to the number of charge cycles (it all depends on the duration and conditions of the trip).

The use of electrical appliances and electrical engineering of the car when the engine is turned off quickly plant the battery.

In the summer, the battery liquid drops faster than in winter, so the periodic check of the electrolyte level will become an explanatory habit.

Before switching to the main topic of the article, it is worth mentioning that it will be useful to read several articles posted on our website, on this topic. Or rather, who will be interested, can follow the links to articles:, and.

How to prepare a car battery for charging

Each battery, discharged during operation or during storage, it is necessary to clean from the accumulated dust and dirt, as well as clean the terminal contacts from oxidation. Current elements, the easiest to clean applies sandpaper, which will allow you to quickly return the bandwidth to the nominal value.

After complete cleaning, and in the case of the battery being served, it is worth checking the state of the electrolyte inside the battery can be carried out. It is worth noting that the electrolyte must cover the lead plates completely and have a clean and transparent look. If the electrolyte level is below the top point of the plates, then you can add distilled water to required level. If the electrolyte turned out to be very dirty, it is desirable to replace it with a new one, but observing all security measures. After all, the electrolyte in car batteries is a solution of sulfuric acid, which is a very toxic substance capable of causing chemical burns on the surface of the skin, and especially on mucous membranes.

Also, before connecting the battery to the charger, it is desirable to unscrew the plugs (if any). This will save the battery from the possible break due to the accumulation of gases that allocate during the charge.

After preparatory work, you can connect the charger. But it is worth carefully treating the polarities and connect the wires, strictly in line with current contacts. That is, the wire from the charger with a positive contact must only be connected to the positive battery terminal. Otherwise, you will completely damage the battery, and it will not be subject to recovery.

Only after connecting the charger to the battery, the device is included in the electrical network. After complete charging, the battery is turned off from the charger in reverse order. And it is installed in the car with the observance of the polarities of the terminals, otherwise, you can spoil the electronics of the car.

It is worth noting that at the moment there are two types of charging of automotive batteries. The whole difference lies in the fact that the battery is charged with a constant voltage, or a constant strength of the current. But the second option is more common and most often found in modern chargers, and we will analyze more two ways.

How to charge a car battery constant power

For a battery that has gained a deep discharge, a two-stage charging stage is used. In this method, the current force is initially exhibited at a level of 10% of the battery nominal value. For example: if the battery has a capacity of 80 amps-hours, then the current strength must be set at 8 AH. And the charging continues until the voltage is reached on the current terminals of the battery value of 14.4 volts. Then, the current streams two or three times, and the charging of the battery continues until abundant gas release from all cans. This will mean that the car battery received the maximum charge, and there will be no further charge.

In the event that you need to recharge the battery, and not "raise" it from a deep discharge, then the charging process is performed by one step at the current strength level of 10% of the nominal. A full charge can be determined in the same way as in the first case.

Be careful, and in order to avoid the failure of the battery, you must follow the temperature regime, and prevent overheating above 45 degrees Celsius. If the temperature rises to this level, then it is worth a reduction of current strength and allow you to cool the battery.

And now the answer to the question of the time of charge is a rechargeable battery in a deep discharge, can be charged from 12 hours to a pair of days, depending on the state, capacity, power of the charger, ambient temperature and much more.

Charging a car battery constant voltage

The principle of the charge lies in the fact that the charger submits a constant direct current voltage on the battery, and holds it at 13.8-14.4 volts. At the same time, the current is automatically adjustable, depending on the level of charge, electrolyte temperature and other conditions.

It is worth noting that this method eliminates the possibility of abundant gas division, but it is not able to charge a battery by 100%, because of its principle of operation. After all, for complete charging, it is required to increase the voltage to a level of 16-16.5 volts. Therefore, after charging the car battery, the method of constant voltage, it has a charge at the level of 98%.

As for the time spent on charging the battery, everything looks fine here. For the first hour of the procedure, there is the greatest current consumption, and the battery charge can reach 50-60%. For the second hour, the charge rises by another 15-20%, for the third hour of the procedure, the charge level will rise only by 6-8%, and over the next couple of hours, the battery will reach the maximum charge.

By the way, it is this method of charging that is used in the car. With the engine running, the generator generates a constant voltage of about 14.4 volts, which the battery is charging.

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