The size of the format A according to the ISO 216 standard is shown in the table below, in millimeters and inches (values \u200b\u200bcan be translated into cm Decision value in mm by 10). A picture with a paper size of a series A, which is located on the right gives a visual explanation of how the dimensions relate to each other - for example, A5 is half the A4 and A2 format is half of the paper sheet A1.

Size table for paper formats from 4a0 to a10

Sizes of sheets of format a

* - Resolution of the format A is given for the density of the image 300 dpi (piscses per inch).

To obtain paper sizes in centimeters, convert values \u200b\u200bfrom MM to cm by dividing them to 10 to translate the value from inches to the feet to divide inch values \u200b\u200bby 12.

4A0 and 2A0 - DIN 476 highly overall formats

There are also paper formats larger than A0 it, 4a0 and 2a0. These formats are not described in the ISO 216 standard, but usually used for large format paper. The origin of these formats is coming from the German standard DIN 476, based on which ISO 216 was created.

Format A tolerances and paper size errors

ISO 216 admits errors in the production of paper format A to the following values:
• ± 1.5 mm (0.06 inches) for sizes up to 150 mm (5.9 inches)
• ± 2 mm (0.08 inches) for sizes in the range from 150 to 600 mm (from 5.9 to 23.6 inches)
• ± 3 mm (0.12 inches) for any dimension above 600 mm (23.6 inches)

A series of formats A characteristics and properties

ISO 216 characterizes this size Paper by the following parameters:
• The length divided by the width of the sheet is equal to the value of 1,4142
• Each subsequent size A (n) is defined as A (N-1) cut in half parallel to its short side.
• The A0 format has an area of \u200b\u200b1 square meter.
• Standard length and width of each size is rounded up to a millimeter.

Note: The last point is, because the number of square root from 2 in the ratio of the sides does not always give integers.

International Implementation and the use of sheet format

Dimensions of paper format A are currently used worldwide, except US, Canada and part of Mexico. A4 Format standard size Business letters in English speaking countries, such as Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom, accustomed to use everywhere imperial calculus system. In Europe, paper sizes were adopted as a formal standard in the middle of the 20th century, and from there they spread all over the world.

Dimensions of paper sheets A format and series Was Last Modified: November 2nd, 2016 by admin.

As follows from the name, the ACEA organization was created by major automotive concerns to coordinate the production and adoption of uniform product quality standards. Car enthusiasts are primarily interested in classification of ASEA oils - as a rule, the corresponding digital-letter codes are written on the CO's canices and help the buyer to choose the desired product.

About standard

Initially, a similar association was formed in the United States (API), but the difference in the design details of cars pushed the Europeans to the base of ASEA. In 1996, the first classification of ASE engine oils was determined, in which individual sections were devoted to lubricant materials for gasoline machines and. Later, in 2008, hydrocarbons were launched, suitable for both categories of engines, and the documentation was edited. Now the product is marked: ASEA A1 / B1, ACEA A3 / B3, etc., characterizes the lubricant for a gasoline engine, "B" - for diesel.

What are the numbers and letters in the class of ASEA

Now let's talk about the meaning of digital-letter codes in the classification of ASE engine oil.

Classes

According to the composition and field of application, these petroleum products are divided into three classes: A / B, C and E.

1. The letters a / in canister say that inside lubricantrecommended for and low-loaded diesel engines.
2. C - oils for diesel and gasoline injector engineshaving environmentally friendly properties and complementary different filters for neutralization harmful substances when exhaust.
3. E is the category of oils intended for heavy vehicles with a diesel engine. In the last edition, the discharges are added E6 and E7.

Figures from 1 to 7, ascribed to the letters, refine the properties of the lubricant and its composition.

Documentation

In general, the ASEA documentation reminds Russian GOST and consists of the classification of motor oils, requirements for them, describing the tests carried out, as a result of which a particular product was released under the auspices of the community. Observice of ASA standards is monitored by the European Commission EelQMS. Each manufacturer seeking to obtain motor oil from the Association of European Auto-Engineers is obliged to conduct research in laboratories recommended by association and prove that its products meet all specifications.

Description of classes and categories

A1 / B1 - all-season oils with a moderate viscosity for gasoline and diesel engine (in machines with small loading). Such a hydrocarbon can be changed for two years. However, it is not suitable for all engines, and not recommended to apply it in a hot climate, where the temperature approaches the indicator above +25.

A3 / B3 - also applies both to gasoline and to diesel engines (in light transport) with the only difference that in this case we are talking about engines with high power. This species Lubricants are all-season in moderate climate and for a long time does not require replacement.

ASEA A3 / B4 engine oil is almost the same look as A3 / B3, but designed for newer cars with an injection fuel supply system.

ASEA ASA A5 / B5 oil is a low-grade type for machines with an injection fuel supply system. Its lubricants can not be called all-season - they are or harsh climate, and some engines are contraindicated.

C1 is a category for gasoline and diesel injector DVS with a reduced content of phosphorus and sulfur salts. Focused on savings and decay to neutral substances when exhaust. It has low viscosity to approach powerful engines with small gaps between the details. Such petroleum product cannot be used if the machine is pretty outdated or previously worked on a more aggressive lubricant.

C2 - hydrocarbon with higher, in comparison with the previous category, phosphate and sulfate content. Also lubricants are designed for economical injection engines with filtration system exhaust gases.

C3 - the same in composition, as well as C2, but a more viscous type of oil - for operation in the southern climate.

C4 - in turn it is similar in composition with C1, but has a greater viscosity.

E4 - oil designed exclusively for diesel engines Large trucks. It helps to neutralize the N2O, even if a special filter is not installed, prevents the formation of particulate sediments.

E6 - practically the same as E4, but for cars equipped with filtration system.

Motor ASEA E7 oil is an improved version of E4 for machines without filters. Cleans piston cylinders and turbochargers. Lubrication does not require.

Perhaps you also met oils with marks on the A1 / V1-04 or 96 canister. These additional numbers are sent to the editorial board of ASEA. That is, learn properties this product It is possible in the species ACEA classification for 2004 or 1996.

To properly choose a lubricant for your engine, oil tables on ASA are not enough: you need to carefully read specifications Machines, examine related documentation (tolerances of the American Oil Institute - API, SAE - classification by viscosity, etc.).

ACEA Standard (Association of European Car Manufacturers), represents the certification of motor oil for use and work, and takes into account the requirements of 15 automakers (BMW, DAF, Daimler-Crysler, Fiat, Ford, GM-Europe, Jaguar Land Rover., MAN, PORSHE, PSA Peugeot Citroen, Renault, Saab-Scania, Toyota, Volkswagen, Volvo).

In December 2008, Acea introduced the updated and most recent classification of motor oils "ACEA 2008 European Oil Sequences for Service-Fill Oils", in which new C4 and E9 classes appeared, and adjustments for the requirements for oils of antioxidant stability and item The composition of oils due to energy saving and environmental policy.

The new classification divides oil into three classes by type of engines: A (gasoline), B (light diesel) and E (severely loaded diesel engines).

Each class is divided into categories various levels Operational properties:

• Four for gasoline and light diesel engines (A1 / B1, A3 / B3, A3 / B4, A5 / B5);
• Four specially for gasoline and light diesel engines equipped with catalytic doctor systems (C1, C2, C3, C4);
• Four for heavy loaded diesel engines (E4, E6, E7, E9).

More detailed view of ACEA classification

A / B - Motor oils for gasoline engines and diesel engines of cars, vans, minibuses

A1 / B1 - resistant temperatures and complex conditions for use of oil. At high temperatures and a large shear gradient, fuel consumption and do not lose stable lubricating properties. Help to increase replacement intervals for gasoline and diesel passenger engines, as well as for light freight vehicle. Designed for use of oils with the lowest yield strength.

A3 / B3 - All-season oils with high operational properties. Designed for gasoline and diesel engines of passenger and light trucks with averaged replacement intervals.

A3 / B4 - for use in high-performance gasoline engines and diesels with direct fuel injection. Instead of oils of class A3 / B3 can be applied. High performance helps reduce fuel consumption.

A5 / B5 - resistant mechanical destruction of oils intended for use with increased oil replacement intervals in highly affiliated gasoline and diesel engines of light vehicles, in which the use of low-viscous oils that reduce friction, with dynamic viscosity for high temperatures and high shear speed (hhs) from 2.9 to 3.5 MPa s.

C - motor oils for gasoline and diesel engines with exhaust gas recovery catalysts

C1 - resistant mechanical destruction of oils compatible with exhaust gas neutralization units intended for use in highly functionated gasoline engines and diesel engines of light vehicles equipped with summary filters and three-component catalysts. They are suitable for engines in which it is possible to use oils that reduce friction, oil visible at high temperature and high shear rate (2.9 MPa · s). These oils have the smallest sulphate ash content and the lowest phosphorus and sulfur content and may not be suitable for lubricating some engines.

Resistant to mechanical destruction of oils, compatible with exhaust gas neutralization units, intended for use in highly affiliated gasoline engines and diesel engines of light vehicles equipped with particulate filters and three-component catalysts. They are suitable for engines in which it is possible to use oils that reduce friction, oil visible at high temperature and high shear rate (2.9 MPa · s). These oils increase the life of the diesel particulate filters and catalysts and provide fuel savings.

Resistant to mechanical destruction of oils, compatible with exhaust gas neutralization units, intended for use in highly struxulated gasoline engines and diesel engines of light vehicles equipped with particulate filters and three-component catalysts, increase the service life of the latter.

Machines for diesel and gasoline engines corresponding to the latest tightened requirements for the ecology of EURO-4 exhaust gases (as amended in 2005). Resistant to mechanical destruction of oils compatible with exhaust gas neutralization units intended for use in highly struxulated gasoline engines and diesel engines of light vehicles requiring SAPS (reduced content of sulfated ash, phosphorus, sulfur) and minimal viscosity at HHS (3.5MPA.s) equipped with DPF particulate filters and three-component TWC catalysts increase the life of the latter.

E - Motor oils for powerful truck diesel engines

Motor oils that provide high purity pistons, wear protection, having high resistance from soot contamination and stable properties throughout the entire period of operation. Recommended for modern diesel engines that meet the requirements of Euro-1 standards, Euro-2, Euro-3, Euro-4 and Euro-5 and working in very heavy conditions with significantly elongated replace intervals (with the manufacturer's recommendations). They can be used only in engines without a smbed filter, and in some engines with exhaust recycling systems and reduce nitrogen oxide emissions.

Motor oils that provide high purity pistons, wear protection, having high resistance from soot contamination and stable properties throughout the entire period of operation. Recommended for modern diesel engines that meet the requirements of Euro-1, Euro-2 standards, Euro-3, Euro-4 and Euro-5 and working in very difficult conditions with significantly elongated replacement intervals (with the manufacturer's recommendations). Can be used in engines with exhaust recycling system, with or without a smbed filter, and for engines with nitrogen oxide reduction systems. Oils of this class are strongly recommended for engines equipped with sumps equipped with particle filters and designed to work on low sulfur fuel.

Motor oils that effectively ensure the purity of the pistons and protection against varnish deposits. Provide excellent protection against wear, have high resistance from soot contamination and stable properties throughout the entire period of operation. Recommended for modern diesel engines that meet the requirements of Euro-1, Euro-2 standards, Euro-3, Euro-4 and Euro-5 and working in difficult conditions with elongated substitution intervals (when manufacturer's recommendations). Recommended for use in engines without particulate filters and for most engines equipped with exhaust gas recycling systems and reduce nitrogen oxide emissions.

Motor oils that effectively ensure the purity of the pistons and protection against varnish deposits. Provide excellent protection against wear, have high resistance from soot contamination and stable properties throughout the entire period of operation. Recommended for modern diesel engines that meet the requirements of Euro-1, Euro-2 standards, Euro-3, Euro-4 and Euro-5 and working in difficult conditions with elongated substitution intervals (when manufacturer's recommendations). Can be used in or without particulate filters and in most engines equipped with exhaust gas recycling systems and reduce nitrogen oxide emissions. Oils of this class are strongly recommended for engines equipped with the particulate filters and designed to work on low sulfur fuel.

Universality, reliability, quality

All-season, the ability to function in a wide temperature range and extreme conditions, with any driving style, in aggregate with good cleaning properties makes Castrol Magnamek 5W30 A3 B4 by the pet for many motorists around the world.

Description of oil

This oil from the Castrol Magnadek 5W30 family is perhaps the widest scope of application compared to its "counterparts". However, the total of them - the technology underlying production lubricant. His name is Intelligent Molecules.

The essence of this technology is the "smart" molecules. They literally stick to the parts of the engine, creating a dense film that does not slip under any circumstances, protecting the motor as reliably as no other lubricant.

As a result, Castrol Magnatec 5W-30 A3 B4 protects the motor not only from wear and unforeseen breakdowns, but also from corrosion, oxidation, soot and nagar formation.

Application area

Castrol Magnatec 5W30 A3 B4 is recommended for using the majority of worldwide automakers. Among them Renault, BMW, Volkswagen car group. Provide such a wide scope of applying Castrol Magnadek 5W30 A3 B4 technical characteristics of this oil. It is suitable for most variations of gasoline and diesel engines, both modern and earlier. The unique viscosity of this product makes the scope of its use even wider.

Specifications

Oil Castrol Motogany 5W30 A3 B4 Specifications:

Tolerances and specifications

Castrol Magnadek 5W30 A3 B4 has the following tolerances and specifications:

• ACEA A3 / B3, A3 / B4;
• API SL / CF;
• VW 502 00/505 00;
• RENAULT RN 0710 / RN 0700;
• MB-Approval 229.3;
• BMW Longlife-01.

Release form and articles

Castrol Magnatec 5W30 A3 B4 have the following form of release and articles:

1. 156ED2 Castrol Magnatec 5W-30 A3 / B4 208l
2. 14F508 CASTROL MAGNATEC 5W-30 A3 / B4 208l
3. 156ED3 CASTROL MAGNATEC 5W-30 A3 / B4 60l
4. 14F506 CASTROL MAGNATEC 5W-30 A3 / B4 60l
5. 156ED5 Castrol Magnatec 5W-30 A3 / B4 4l
6. 151b17 Castrol Magnatec 5W-30 A3 / B4 4l
7. 156ED4 CASTROL MAGNATEC 5W-30 A3 / B4 1l
8. 151b18 CASTROL MAGNATEC 5W-30 A3 / B4 1l

1. MA5W30A3B4-B2 Castrol Magnatec 5W-30 A3 / B4 1 + 1l
2. MA5W30A3B4-B5 CASTROL MAGNATEC 5W-30 A3 / B4 1 + 4l
3. MA5W30A3B4-B3 CASTROL MAGNATEC 5W-30 A3 / B4 1 + 1 + 1l
4. MA5W30A3B4-B8 Castrol Magnatec 5W-30 A3 / B4 4 + 4l
5. MA5W30A3B4-B9 CASTROL MAGNATEC 5W-30 A3 / B4 4 + 4 + 1l
6. MA5W30A3B4-B12 CASTROL MAGNATEC 5W-30 A3 / B4 4 + 4 + 4l
7. MA5W30A3B4-B13 CASTROL MAGNATEC 5W-30 A3 / B4 4 + 4 + 4 + 1l

How 5W30 is decrypted

Markings marked with the letter W mean the all-season product, since the letter comes from the Winter - Winter. The numbers facing it are an indicator of winter temperatures. Figures going on, summer temperatures.

In this case, the figure 5 denotes that the oil retains its viscosity up to minus 35 degrees Celsius. And the number 30 is what is suitable to plus 30. This makes the product universal for most climatic belts of the world.

Advantages and disadvantages

This is what positive qualities It has this oil from the family Castrol Magnatec. 5W-30:

• reliable protection from starting to start and throughout the entire use period;
• dense enveloping all parts of the film;
• easy engine launch in frost and stability in the heat;
• wide temperature Range applications;
• universality of use in various types of engines and various conditions;
• unique technology used in production;
• highest quality.

Cons of oil is a high price (however, like any other clean synthetics) and a large number of fakes, from which no one is protected.

Hello to all those who are not all equal to the life of the blog site and, of course, people who have looked for information. I am glad to see you all on this blog. Today I want to tell everything I know about paper formatsWhat sizes and their standards are. Agree to know the size of the paper and the format you need to anyone, I'm already silent about artists and designers.

Let's first look at what happens paper formats. The world's most common ISO 216 standard format according to GOST 5773-90.
Everything paper formats According to the ISO 216 standard, they have the same side of the parties. If you say simple words, the length of the A1 format sheet is equal to half the width of the sheet a0, and if you explain even easier, then look at the drawing from below and understand everything that I tried to explain.

I propose to consider where and what paper formats are often used:

Sheet A0 and A1 - Drawings, posters and posters.
Sheet A3., B4 and A2 - Drawings, charts, newspapers
Sheet A4. - Office paper, documents, letters, blanks, magazines, catalogs, in promotional materials, consumables For printers and copiers.
Sheet A5. - greeting cards, identification cards, notebooks, notebooks, leaflets, blanks, promotional materials.
Sheet B5, A5, B6, A6 - Books, booklets, brochures, postcards.
Formats C4, C5, C6 - Envelopes for letters on the sheet of paper A4: not folded (C4), folded twice (C5), threefolded (C6).
Formats of Series S. - This size was designed for mail envelopes, so that the paper format of the A series is placed in them.

Paper format and its size

Standard newspaper size:
A4 - 210x297 mm.
Berliner format - 470 x 315 mm.
A3 - 297x420 mm.
A2 - 594x420 mm.

Standard envelopes dimensions:
Envelope format C4 - 324x229 mm.
C5 - 229x162 mm envelope.
The envelope of the C6 - 114x162 mm format. - main mail format

Standard business card size:
Standard of Russia and Ukraine- 90x50 mm.
Euro-business card 85x55 mm.

Format of photography and its size

I have everything on the size of paper formats. If something missed, complement in the comments.

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