Drawings of a retro car with your own hands. How to make an electric kart for a child in a retro style. N. Kurbatov, Belgorod region

I made this snowmobile in just a couple of weekends in the garage in the country. Although its design at first glance looks very simple, nevertheless, in terms of cross-country ability in deep loose or wet snow, it is not inferior to most industrial snowmobiles.

A few years ago, I made a snowmobile for my nine-year-old daughter with a homemade caterpillar made of conveyor belt and plastic water pipes as lugs. At first I had doubts about the reliability of such a caterpillar and how the plastic parts would behave in the cold. But during the two-year winter operation, no breakdowns or severe wear of the pipes occurred. This inspired me to create a lightweight snowmobile for myself with the same homemade track.

Realizing perfectly well that the less the weight of the snowmobile and the larger the support area of ​​the track, the better its passability on loose and deep snow will be, I tried to make the structure as light as possible.
The principle of operation of the snowmobile is very simple (fig. 1). Four wheels are installed inside the track, which, when moving, roll along the conveyor belt, on which the lugs are fixed. And the drive of the caterpillar from the motor is carried out by a chain through the driven shaft with special drive sprockets. I took them from the Buran snowmobile. "

With an engine from a conventional walk-behind tractor with an automatic clutch with a capacity of only 6 hp. you will not accelerate quickly. I was going to ride a snowmobile not on rolled tracks, but on loose snow, so I abandoned the soft suspension of the caterpillar and skis to reduce the weight of the snowmobile and simplify the entire structure.

First I made a caterpillar. A plastic water pipe with a diameter of 40 mm was cut into blanks for lugs with a length of 470 mm. Then each workpiece was sawn with a circular saw lengthwise into two equal parts.
Using the tool shown in fig. 2, with a circular saw on wood, I cut plastic pipes for lugs along the length.

The lugs were attached to the conveyor belt with two 6 mm diameter furniture bolts with a large semicircular head. When making a caterpillar, it is very important to maintain the same distance between the lugs, otherwise they will run into the teeth of the drive sprockets and the caterpillar will begin to slip and slide off the rollers.

To drill holes in the conveyor belt for fastening bolts with a diameter of 6 mm, I made a jig. He drilled the holes in the tape with a wood drill with a special sharpening.

Using such a jig, 6 holes can be drilled in the conveyor belt at once for fastening three track lugs.

In the store I bought four inflatable rubber wheels from a garden cart, two drive sprockets from a Buran snowmobile and two closed bearings No. 205 for the drive shaft of the caterpillar.

I asked a turner to make the drive shaft of the track and bearings for the bearings. The frame of the snowmobile was made by myself from square pipes 25x25 mm.

Since the ski and rudder pivot pivots are on the same line and in the same plane, you can use a continuous steering rod without ball ends.

Ski sleeves are easy to make. I welded 3/4 ”female water pipe fittings to the front cross member. In them he screwed in branch pipes with an external thread, to which he welded the bipod of the steering rack of skis.

I recommend using skis from the Argomak children's snow scooter. They are lighter and more elastic, but they must be equipped with corners for attaching to the pivot stand of the snowmobile and a metal undercut at the bottom - for better management a snowmobile when driving on crust or packed snow.

The chain tension is adjusted by shifting the motor.

The snowmobile is very easy to operate. As the engine revs up with the throttle on the handlebars, the automatic centrifugal clutch engages and the snowmobile starts moving. Since the estimated speed of the snowmobile is not high (only about 10-15 km / h) and depends on the density of the snow, the snowmobile is not equipped with brakes. It is enough to reduce the engine speed and the snowmobile stops.

I’ll share a few tips that you may find useful when repeating this construction.

1. I cut the pipe for the tracks along the wood with a circular saw, first on one side, then on the other. So it turns out smoother than cutting both walls at once. It is more convenient to handle small workpieces. If you immediately cut a long pipe along, then in this case the plastic will melt and the saw blade will clamp.

2. Tracks can be made of any width. And each designer has the right to choose what is more convenient for him: to make a wide but short track or a narrow and long one. Just remember that with a large track, the snowmobile will not handle well and the engine is loaded more, but with a small track in loose deep snow, it can fall through.

3. Some of my photos show that there are plastic "barrels" installed inside the caterpillar. These are the guide stops for the skid, which should prevent the track from sliding off the rollers. But during the operation of the snowmobile, the caterpillar did not slide off the rollers even without a slip, so the "barrels" can not be installed, which will reduce the weight of the snowmobile.

4. At the end of winter, I completely disassembled the snowmobile to determine its weight. The weight of its individual units turned out to be as follows: caterpillar - 9 kg;
drive shaft assembly - 7 kg; two pairs of wheels with axles - 9 kg; engine and steering wheel - 25 kg;
a pair of skis - 5 kg;
frame - 15 kg;
double seat with uprights - 6 kg.
In total, everything together weighs 76 kg.
The weight of some parts can be reduced even further. Still, the weight for a sled with a track of this size is quite satisfactory.

The geometric dimensions of my snowmobile are as follows: the length of the snowmobile frame is 2 m; the distance between the axles of the support wheels (rollers) - 107 cm; track width - 47 cm. Track lug spacing depends on the thickness of the conveyor belt and it must be selected empirically (I got 93 mm).
I do not give the exact dimensions and drawings of the snowmobile parts, since everyone who is going to repeat the design will focus on those parts and components that they can purchase or make on their own.

When operating in off-road conditions, the equipment on caterpillar It has undeniable advantages over wheeled transport due to its all-terrain qualities, allowing to overcome deep loose snow, soggy arable land or stony ford.

Popularity tracked vehicles among household users is so great that many home craftsmen independently "change" their wheeled vehicles into homemade products - tracks made from scrap materials.

One of the options for retrofitting is to use old tires from MTZ tractors allowing significantly increase cross-country ability personal auto and motor vehicles with minimal financial costs.

For a tracked vehicle of any purpose, be it a tank or a snowmobile, the forward motion is provided by a tracked propulsion unit (DM).

It uses two motivating factors:

• torque M k, transmitted from the engine / power drive to the drive wheels;
• traction of tracks with the ground.

The caterpillar or caterpillar chain of the main engine is called a link structure, which is a solid continuous belt or chain.

For full traction on the ground, the track equipped with embossed protrusions serving as active lugs.

Crawler principle illustrated kinematic scheme work of the State Duma located below. The following positions are indicated on the diagram:

• pos. 1 - caterpillar;
• pos. 2 - supporting rollers to prevent sagging of the track belt;
• pos. 3 - leading asterisk ( drive wheel), which converts the torque from the engine into the traction force required for the translational movement of the machine;
• pos. 4 - support rollers, providing full contact of the track bed with the surface of the ground support;
• pos. 5 - shock absorbers;
• pos. 6 - a guide wheel, which serves to direct the forward motion of the machine, and transfers part of its weight to the ground.

Crawler driving is carried out as follows:

1. The driving sprocket (pos. 3) is supplied with torque M to.
2. The spinning sprocket rewinds the continuous belt / track chain (key 2).
3. The caterpillar (pos. 2) is in close adhesion to the support surface (ground, loose soil, etc.). It is affected by:

• force R z - reaction of the support surface, which the caterpillar transfers to the vehicle frame;
• tangential reaction of the soil support Р к.

The rewound belt / track chain is continuously laid in the direction of the vehicle's forward motion on the ground surface under the track rollers, creating for the wheels of the machine path with lower resistance to movement than on soft ground.

In the process of movement, the track rises from the supporting surface and transmits the pushing force to the vehicle frame.

The specific pressure on the support (ground) along the length of the track is uneven - increased in the area of ​​the driving sprockets, decreased in the front part in the area of ​​the guide wheel (pos. 6). The maximum ground pressure from the main engine is in the area of ​​the track rollers (pos. 4).

Advantages of homemade gas engines from MTZ tires

Due to the continuous insertion of the caterpillar track under the rollers of the machine, a large contact area of ​​the tape with the ground, significantly reducing the average machine pressure on the ground.

The range of the average pressure on the ground of the equipment with the main engine is from 11.8 to 118 kN / m2 (from 0.12 to 1.2 kgf / cm2), which is significantly lower than the pressure of a human leg.

Such low pressure indicators provide protection of equipment from immersion in the ground, swampy soil or snow. By varying the size of the surface area in the zone of contact of the caterpillar with the support, an optimal ratio of the vehicle's cross-country ability with its tractive effort for towing loads is achieved.

When equipping vehicles with caterpillar tracks, homemade Samodelkins use a transport belt or tires from automobile and tractor wheels.

The photo below shows homemade all-terrain vehicle on tracks made of reinforced conveyor belt 250 mm wide. The lugs are 25 mm high.

All-terrain vehicle on a caterpillar track from a conveyor belt:

For most craftsmen, old tires from MTZ tractors of various models are more preferable raw materials for the manufacture of main engines.

Among the main advantages of MTZ tires, as a source material, and the tracks themselves made from these tires, include the following factors:

1. Availability old tires MTZ. Quite often, after dismantling, they are stored in the depths of enterprises' utility yards, cluttering up the territory.
2. The tire is a closed continuous structure, does not require stitching of the ends ribbons.
3. On a tracked platform made of a tractor tire no need to build lugs because the tires have a pronounced factory-made tread pattern.
4. MTZ wheel tires have high strength and wear resistance, ensuring reliable, trouble-free operation of the track on soils containing sharp stones.
5. Versatility applications - you can choose tires for all types of tracked vehicles, including measures to modernize equipment or increase the width of the tracks.
6. Recycling of used tractor tires solves the most important task of recycling dismantled wheels - the possibility of their reuse.

From disadvantages working with tractor tires note two circumstances:

• limited fixed track length due to the dimensions of the blank tire;
• the need to double two tires when mounting a caterpillar with a width exceeding the width of one blank tire.

Requirements for converting equipment to caterpillar tracks

The figure shows simplest in design homemade - a cart with caterpillars made of tires.

Re-equipment of equipment at the main engine house is carried out exclusively for utilitarian reasons of pragmatic owners of wheeled vehicles or motor vehicles who wished improve off-road performance their "assistants".

For all models of equipment designed for driving in the field, the market offers serial versions of industrial-made main engines.

However, all this costs a lot of money, and tires free or very cheap.

Many users of equipment manage to independently, in a home workshop, make tracks from tractor tires, install them on their cars and successfully operate in off-road conditions.

Regardless of the type of car or motor vehicle, the craftsmen take into account the following factors:

1. To install the mechanisms of the main engine it is necessary to equip special frame structures increased strength and rigidity, capable of withstanding increased weight and dynamic loads.
2. When using improvised means, many craftsmen use pneumatic wheels as tensioners as well as a pair of driven and driven wheels. The tape is put on the flat wheels, which are then inflated, creating the required track tension.
3. The owner of the equipment must clearly define the purpose of the machine in order to select optimal sizes the width and length of the track.
4. Taking into account the increase in the weight and traction loads on the engine after the installation of the main engine, it is necessary to optimize the correspondence between the maximum engine power and the track width. Otherwise the engine breaks down quickly.

When choosing the ratio of engine power and belt width of a homemade tracked installation you can be guided by the data of the price lists on off-road vehicles equipped with serial tracks.

Below we will consider the categories of machines that are most popular among craftsmen when converting to a caterpillar track.

The main categories of popular vehicles equipped with main engines

The list of models of household vehicles and motor vehicles operating on loose snow and swampy soils is unusually wide.

The very names of machines, adopted in everyday life, indicate their field of application.

Snowmobiles

This is vehicle intended for movement on loose snow cover.

In contrast to Englishism "snowmobile", which denotes any vehicle adapted to driving on snow (snowmobiles, all-terrain vehicles on tracks and pneumatic wheels, etc.), in Russia only a snowmobile is called a snowmobile. ski-caterpillar means of movement(rear main engine, in front - skis instead front wheel) with governing bodies of the motorcycle type.

For utility snowmobiles, the engine power is 30-40 hp, the track width ranges from 38 cm to 50 cm and even 60 cm.

Accordingly, if the master sets as his task the creation of a machine for movement on virgin snow with a load, then he should be guided by these indicators.

Similar parameters must be maintained when creating the so-called snow and swamp-going vehicles.

If the master needs make a faster snowmobile(sports type), the width of the tire tracks can be reduced.

The weight loads of the speeder are much lower than that of the utility utility vehicle.

The illustration shows a motorcycle-based snowmobile equipped with a 23cm homemade track cut from an excavator tire.

For the rest, a homemade track for a snowmobile is made by hand according to the basic principle.

ATVs

They are commonly referred to as any vehicle capable of off-road driving and even overcome water obstacles.

There are plenty of varieties of all-terrain industrial equipment:

• off-road vehicles;
• swamp walkers;
• amphibians;
• tracked tractors and conveyors;
• ATVs;
• ATV category cars, etc.

Their cost not everyone can afford, therefore, in home workshops they prefer to create their own exclusive products, “changing shoes” on their cars to tracks made of tires made by their own hands for an all-terrain vehicle.

Depending on the power of the vehicle engine, wider webs can be allowed.

For homemade all-terrain vehicles with a 40-70 hp engine and small weight bearing enough tape width 30-40 cm.

For UAZ vehicles with 110-150 hp engine caterpillar width required 40 cm with track rollers (6 pcs.) and support rollers (3 pcs.).

Naturally, the height of the tractor tire profile will not be enough to overcome the water obstacle, it is necessary to install high lugs.

The figure shows an all-terrain vehicle based on a car "Oka" with a tracked belt made of tires.

Motoblocks

Represented by numerous mobile devices on the basis of a single-axle chassis... Self-made versions of walk-behind tractors converted for the State Duma are widely in demand among rural residents and owners of country houses or summer cottages.

The motivation for self-re-equipment of the units, bypassing the purchase of serial tracks, is obvious.

The cost of the NEVA wheeled walk-behind tractor does not exceed 1000 USD... USA, while the simplest machines, adapted for driving on snow, are estimated at 5-10 thousand dollars... and higher.

The drive power of the walk-behind tractor (5-8 hp) is quite enough to be successfully operated as an all-season vehicle

Motorized dogs

Motorized towing vehicles, nicknamed in everyday speech motor dogs, are a mechanical coupling of a sleigh with a towing vehicle on the main engine. The driver and the load are placed in the sleigh.

Serial models are produced in a wide range of drive power (from 6 to 30 hp) and are equipped with a main engine made of a rubber-metal band with a width of up to 60 cm.

Home craftsmen usually make tugs based on a 15 hp engine from improvised means, installing tracks from tires width 500 mm.

Such home-made motorized dogs are capable of transporting sleds with a load of up to 700 kg, developing speeds of up to 40-50 km / h.

Most often, a homemade caterpillar for a motor dog is made from a tire to save money.

The photo shows a homemade towing vehicle based on a walk-behind tractor.

DIY caterpillar manufacturing algorithm

A caterpillar track for any model from the above categories of equipment is made from tires of various standard sizes corresponding to the selected design. We will analyze step by step how to make a caterpillar from a tire.

The work on the production of the tape is of a unified nature and is subject to a general algorithm.

No special knowledge is required in the manufacture of a caterpillar from a tractor or car tire, however you can't do without certain locksmith skills.

The process of forming a caterpillar track from an MTZ tire consists of several stages:

1. A tire with a slightly worn tread pattern is selected.
2. The track is cut for a caterpillar using a sharpened boot knife. Working with a sharp knife is traumatic and requires increased care and attention.
3. To cut the rubber better, it is recommended to use a knife periodically moisten with soapy water.
4. Cutting with a knife can be successfully replaced jigsaw, secured against possible injury.
5. Both sides are cut off tires.
6. Excess material is removed from the inside of the tire.

The criterion for a well-performed work is smooth cut without tousled edges of the resulting tape.

Thus, the track element is ready for use:

Related Videos

You can see a homemade snowmobile track in action in this video:

Conclusion

Making homemade tracks for converting vehicles to caterpillar tracks is a very popular way to expand the functionality of machines at minimal cost.

The use of dismantled old tractor tires for the main engine contributes to the solution of the issues of disposal of old tires without the use of traditional waste recycling methods - incineration, grinding, chemical treatment, etc.

In contact with

For the movement of most motoblocks, ordinary wheels are used. The throughput of the apparatus in such cases is extremely small. Fortunately, there are several good ways, allowing you to turn the walk-behind tractor into an all-terrain vehicle or a snowmobile. To do this, it is enough to do homemade caterpillars.

Manufacturing methods and materials

When choosing a material for a future caterpillar with your own hands, you should take into account the type of work for which they are intended. The product must be not only extremely durable, but also lightweight for easy handling of the unit.

The first step is to install additional wheels on the walk-behind tractor so that there are a pair on each side. The future units will be mounted on them, the length of which will be the circumference of each wheel plus the distance between their axles, multiplied by two. All wheels must be of the same diameter.

The most popular raw materials for making do-it-yourself caterpillars include:

1. Conveyor belts and roller chain.
2. Waste car tires.
3. Chains and belts.

Each method implies its own course of action.

Conveyor belt and chain

The method of manufacturing an aggregate from these materials, according to most, is the simplest. It does not require a large number of tools and materials. It is recommended to consider the following tips:

Tire construction

In addition to the product from the transport tape, you can make a caterpillar from the tire with your own hands. There is no need to stitch and hook anything here, since the tire already has a closed structure with a special grip protector.

Conventional tires passenger cars will not fit. I need to find products for trucks or tractors that have a pronounced tread pattern.

The manufacturing procedure for such a unit can be divided into three main stages:

It is worth carefully examining the tread pattern. It should be clearly pronounced to maximize the throughput of the walk-behind tractor by increasing the traction of the track to the surface.

Belts and chains

This method uses standard V-shaped belts. They are attached to each other using rivets that are placed on them. This track is made from two pieces of the same chain and belts. The algorithm of actions is as follows:

Thus, you can get a durable and high-quality do-it-yourself track from belts and chains. This method is the most time consuming of all presented.

Track tracks

Tracks are the main part of any track. Fortunately, you don't have to buy them from specialty stores. It is quite easy to make them yourself from various materials. The main thing to consider is the level of load that is planned to be applied to the walk-behind tractor. You can make tracks from:

• plastic pipes;
• wooden bars;
• metal tracks.

To make tracks from plastic pipes, you will need a water pipe no. 40. It is cut into segments, the length of which is equal to the width of the caterpillar. After that, each such segment is cut lengthwise into two halves. A circular saw with a saw blade will help to cope with this.

When all the tracks are ready, they can be hooked onto the main structure. For this, furniture bolts No. 6 and large hemispherical caps are used. With these bolts, each segment is attached to the structure itself.

Thus, an excellent embossed track for a walk-behind tractor is obtained, which allows you to pass in difficult places even in winter.

A track made of wooden blocks is suitable for light loads, since the strength of the structure is not so great. To make a caterpillar from this material, you will need birch blocks of the same size and length equal to the width of the tracks.

The main advantage of a track with wooden bars as tracks is the availability of materials, the lightness of the entire structure, and the ability to quickly make repairs.

It is not surprising that the most common and reliable are metal track links, because the level of their strength is quite high. Most often, metal pipes or a profile are used, which is cut into pieces of suitable length and attached to the track in the same way as in the previous methods.

The main disadvantage of this design is the large mass and complexity of repair. If one of the tracks bends during operation, it will take a lot of effort to replace it.

It is not so difficult to make a caterpillar for a walk-behind tractor with your own hands, although it takes a fair amount of time. It is important to treat the process with the utmost care and carry out all calculations correctly. Also, it is necessary to assess the degree of load with which the walk-behind tractor works, and select the most suitable materials for the product.

Fishermen, hunters and hobbyists winter species sports use snowmobiles to travel to the best recreational areas. Even inexpensive models of such equipment cost about a hundred thousand rubles, more often more. Those who want to save money can assemble a homemade snowmobile on tracks in an ordinary garage workshop. The cost of parts for construction does not exceed 40 thousand rubles.

Snowmobile device

Homemade snowmobiles are arranged on a caterpillar track. The tracks are driven by the engine internal combustion mounted on a rigid metal frame. Supported in working position by wheels and special rollers. Basic execution options:

• With a solid or breakable frame.
• With rigid or shock-absorbed suspension.
• With an engine from a walk-behind tractor or from a motorized carriage.

Short skis are used for steering. Lightweight snowmobiles (weighing up to 100 kg), designed for driving with maximum speed up to 15 km / h, do not require mandatory equipment braking system... They stop easily when the engine speed drops. Make a homemade snowmobile on tracks you can use the algorithm:

1. Engine selection, frame and chassis calculation.
2. Spot-welded frame assembly.
3. Steering device.
4. Installation of the engine in the design position for a temporary attachment.
5. Checking the structure for resistance to overturning.
6. If the check is successful - major welding of the frame, installation of the engine.
7. Installation of drive system, bridges.
8. Assembling and installing tracks.
9. Body parts assembly.

After that, the final tests are carried out. If the snowmobile rides normally and does not tip over, then it is driven into the garage and disassembled. The frame is cleaned of rust, painted in 2 layers, the remaining elements are finished, after which they assemble a homemade snowmobile on tracks with their own hands.

Engine selection

Are applied gasoline engines for motoblocks or sidecars. The engine speed is controlled by the throttle stick placed on the rudder grip. To make a homemade tracked snowmobile with your own hands, the easiest way is use ready-made small-volume engines for walk-behind tractors with pre-installed:

• Fuel tank.
• Ignition system.
• Reduction gear with a ratio of 1: 2.
• Centrifugal clutch that automatically engages when revving up.

The power of these motors does not exceed 10 Horse power, but they are easy to install: the master does not need to separately assemble the ignition system, supply fuel pipes, adjust the clutch, etc. There are different options on the market:

If it is not possible to purchase finished engine from a walk-behind tractor, then you can use the engine from a motorized carriage. Such engines are more powerful by 10-15 horsepower, but require self assembly. The system includes:

• Engine.
• Clutch.
• Reducer.
• Gas tank (volume 5-10 liters).
• Muffler.
• Generator.
• Switch and electronic ignition coil.

Some of the elements will fit from old motorcycles (Minsk, Vostok, Java, Ural). The gas tank is positioned as close to the carburetor as possible to shorten the length of the pipes.

Frame and body

It is recommended to draw up a drawing of the frame before work. The structure is welded from a 25 x 25 mm square tube with a wall thickness of 2 mm. With a payload of over 150 kg, the section size is increased to 30 x 25 mm. The loading area and body elements are sheathed with plywood. Seats are matched with a hydrophobic coating.

In the center of the fracture frame, there is a hinge that allows rotation around a vertical axis. The maximum angle of rotation is limited by welding metal plates. The front half is used for steering and the engine is placed on the rear frame.

The one-piece frame is welded in the form of a rectangle, inside which bridges and tracks are located. The engine is placed at the front on a special platform, rigidly welded to the rest of the frame. In both cases, the motor is placed in the transverse direction (the shaft extends to the end).

Drive system

A small diameter drive sprocket is installed on the motor output shaft. From it, the torque is transmitted through the chain to the driven shaft located under the engine seat. On the driven shaft there are:

• Large diameter driven sprocket.
• Cogwheels that drive the tracks.
• Track guides.

The driven shaft is mounted on the frame with bearings. The cogwheels push the tracks, driving the tracks. The chain and sprockets are removed from one device. Old motorcycles and snowmobiles ("Buran") are suitable for the role of a donor. The cogwheels for tracks can only be removed from other tracked vehicles.

The guide rollers rotate with the shaft, are attached next to the gear wheels and serve to tension the belt. They are made of wood or plastic and have a layer of soft rubber at the ends. Rubber prevents damage to the track. It is easy to make such rollers yourself by fixing the edging with a furniture stapler.

Calculation and assembly of the caterpillar

The caterpillar is a tape on the outer surface of which the tracks are fixed. Tracks are rigid lugs installed along the entire length of the tracks. Track options:

• Made of 3 mm thick conveyor belt.
• From a car tire.
• From V-belts.
• Factory-made ready-made caterpillars.

The conveyor belt must be looped back. Its strength is only sufficient for light snowmobiles with engines no more powerful than 10 hp. with. Car tires are stronger than tape and are suitable for powerful motors... Solid tires do not need to be looped back, so the chance of rupture is minimal. A tire of the right length is more difficult to pick up than a tape.

Ready tracks are removed from other similar equipment (snowmobiles "Buran", "Sherkhan"). Grousers are installed on them from the factory. The products are not suitable for use with low-power motors from walk-behind tractors. Self-made snowmobiles made from "Buran" tracks must have gear wheels from the same "donor".

The size of the track is selected according to the required driving characteristics: the wider the width, the lower the controllability, but the higher the cross-country ability. The minimum area of ​​the contact patch from a snowmobile (skis and tracks) should be such that the pressure from the equipped vehicle does not exceed 0.4 kg / cm 2 of the surface. In light snowmobiles, a conveyor belt 300 mm wide is used, cut lengthwise into 2 strips of 150 mm.

Preparing the ribbon

The tracks are attached to homemade tracks with M6 bolts with a wide head. The bolts are fixed with a nut, a washer and a grover are used. Before fastening, leading holes with a diameter of 6 mm are drilled in the tape and tracks. When drilling, a jig and wood drills with a special sharpening are used.

The conveyor belt is also looped back with M6 bolts. To do this, the edges of the tape overlap each other with an overlap of 3-5 cm, the connection contains 1-2 rows of bolts. For track width 150 mm withstand the following distances:

• From the edge of the tape 15-20 mm.
• Between the bolts on the tracks 100-120 mm.
• Between the bolts when ringing 25-30 mm.

Just one track requires 2 bolts, one tape connection - 5-10 bolts, depending on the number of rows. Using car tires only the treadmill is left, and the sidewalls are removed with a shoe knife.

The tracks are made of a polyethylene pipe with a diameter of 40 mm with a wall thickness of 5 mm, sawn in half in the longitudinal direction. An entire section of the lug is adhered to the belt. In light snowmobiles, one track connects the track pair. With a track width of 150 mm, the track length is 450-500 mm.

The lugs are cut with a circular saw into wood. A special machine is used with two guides (metal and wood), rigidly fixed on a fixed tabletop. The pipe walls are sawn in turn.

The distance between the tracks depends on the parameters of the gear wheels on the drive shaft. Usually it is 5-7 cm. The specified distance is maintained with an error of no more than 3 mm. Otherwise, the operation of the drive is disrupted: the lugs "run over" the teeth of the driving wheels, the caterpillar begins to slip and fly off the rollers.

Chassis

Lightweight snowmobiles designed for riding on loose snow are equipped with an articulated suspension made of an extended M16 nut. It is a lightweight construction with simple device, which does not provide comfortable driving characteristics of homemade products.

Snowmobiles on tracks, designed for driving on packed snow, must provide shock absorbers (from a motorcycle or moped). Shock absorbers are installed at the points of attachment of skis and bridges to the frame. Suspension travel is selected so that moving parts do not touch the snowmobile body during operation.

Steering wheel and skis

The steering is displayed on two front skis according to a scheme structurally similar to the suspension. It is made of a threaded stud installed in an elongated M16 nut, rigidly welded to the frame. The steering wheel from a moped or motorcycle ("Minsk") is used.

In total, the design uses 3 plastic skis from a children's scooter (or homemade from plywood 3 mm thick). A pair of front skis are used for taxiing. Skis up to 1 meter long are used, if necessary, reinforced with a steel pipe and plate.

The third ski is supporting, serves to maintain the belt in working order. It is shorter than the others and is located between the bridges (in the center). A T-beam is attached to the support ski, rigidly welded to the frame. On top of the beam are freely rotating track rollers. Installation of this design is unnecessary if the track does not sag.

Construction of bridges

The bridges are located under the loading dock. One bridge has 2 inflatable wheels from the garden cart and a metal rod. The wheels rotate freely and are not driven. In snowmobiles built on the basis of motors from motoblocks, the wheels are half inflated. Clamps are welded to the outer ends of the wheels, with the help of which the axles are attached to the frame.

The front axle is stationary, its clips are rigidly welded to the frame. The rear axle should move freely along the frame, as it serves to tension the track. Its locks provide for frictional tightening of M10 bolts, securing the bridge in the working position.