Dimensions of vehicles for public roads. Permitted dimensions of goods for road transport. Departure abroad and interregional transportation

When moving on roads, it is necessary to take into account the permitted dimensions of the cargo for transportation by road. This is one of the safety factors road traffic for all its participants, as well as a guarantee of successful transportation of objects, goods, substances being moved. In addition, limiting the size and weight of cargo is an important tool for influencing competition. Therefore, these norms are clearly regulated and require mandatory compliance.

What is oversized cargo?

The overall load is considered to be the size that does not exceed the standards applicable to the car. That is, the transported is equated to the vehicle itself. Maximum dimensions for the carriage of goods by car established by traffic rules and other regulations.

Automotive standards in the European Union

In European countries, the norms regarding the dimensions of transportation by road are determined by the directive 96/53, namely its application. According to this document, the following restrictions are introduced:

• total length from rear bumper to front bumper: all-frame truck - 12 m, road train - 18.75;
• body width: insulated vans - 2.6 m, total - 2.55 m;
• permissible height of cargo for transportation by road - up to 4 m;
• weight for machines: two-axle - 18 t, three-axle - 24 t, five-, six-axle - 40 t.

In Russia

According to the current regulations, road transportation is carried out by road transport with the parameters that are given below.

Weight limit

For single cars, depending on the number of axles, the following restrictions are adopted:

• two axles - 18 tons;
• three axles - 25 tons;
• four axles - 32 tons;
• five axles - 35 tons.

For semitrailers, as well as trailed road trains, the following weight requirements have been introduced:

• three axles - 28 tons;
• four axles - 36 tons;
• five axles - 40 tons;
• six axles and more - 44 tons.

Limit sizes

Restrictions have been established regarding the permissible dimensions of cargo for transportation by freight vehicles:

• distance between front and rear bumpers: for a road train - 12 m, for a single vehicle and a trailer - 12 m;
• body width: total - 2.55, isothermal vans - 2.6 m;
• the maximum height of cargo for transportation by road is up to 4 m.

Based on the established norms, the maximum parameters of a truck, which has the right to move freely on the road, are: height - 4 meters, length - 20 meters, weight - 40 tons.

Traffic restrictions

Traffic rules provide that the mass of the transported should not exceed the indicators that the manufacturer laid down in the development of the vehicle. In addition, other sizing rules apply. road transport:

• it is forbidden to transport objects protruding beyond the vehicle body by more than 1 m behind or in front, and by 0.4 m - on the sides;
• the item being moved must not block the road view, affect the readability of registration plates, headlights, interfere with the perception of signs that the driver gives by hand;
• the load is securely fixed in order to prevent it from falling, especially when it comes to sheets of plywood, fiberboard, and other similar items, since they increase aerodynamic resistance;
• if the route is long, then regardless of the size of the cargo for transportation, vehicles on the road are periodically stopped and the reliability of fastening is checked;
• a loaded vehicle or what it transports must not cause dust, make noise or pollute the environment;
• the stability of the vehicle must not be compromised by objects placed on it.

If the maximum dimensions of the cargo allowed for transportation by road are exceeded, the driver installs signs notifying that the cargo is oversized, and takes other measures that are indicated in the legislation in order to exclude the likelihood of an emergency on the road.

How to “hide” unnecessary things?

During transportation, it is of great importance what kind of transport is used for this. And if you choose the right car, then you can freely move from the starting point to the final one without classifying the cargo as oversized.

For example, it is necessary to transport a container with a height of 3.1 m. At the same time, the permissible dimensions of cargo in height for transportation by road are 4 meters. If a container ship or flatbed trailer is used, the height of the item to be delivered is greater. However, if the carrier loads it onto a low loader trawl, then the container will "fit" into the established norms and will be considered oversized. This also affects the cost of transportation, since in the second case there is no need to issue a special permit, to use cover vehicles for the transportation of bulky goods.

A similar solution is proposed for the transportation of horizontal cargoes that go beyond the term "overall". For example, a container with a length of 16 m does not fit on a standard scow, and then a sliding semitrailer is used. This helps to "hide" the extra meters.

For transportation by cars and private cars

The rules on the overall dimensions of goods allowed for transportation by road apply not only to specialized companies and entrepreneurs providing services in this area. Owners of individual cars, which are used for their own purposes, must also comply with them.

For the carriage of goods, not overall dimensions special rules apply. Ignoring the requirements regarding the maximum allowable size of the transported items is punishable by a fine and other sanctions. Road transport companies and private carriers must understand that if the dimensions exceed the established norms, then the transporter, along with the transported, can get to the arrest site, and the responsible persons will be fined.

The carriage of goods on the territory of the Russian Federation is regulated by Chapter 23 of the Road Traffic Rules. Transportation of oversized objects is additionally regulated by a number of federal laws and orders. Consider how oversized cargo should be transported, traffic rules and vehicle requirements.

Regulatory documents

As you can see, only a small fraction of the aspects of transporting oversized items are covered by the Road Traffic Regulations. Basic regulation of the transportation of oversized cargo on the roads of the Russian Federation is carried out by Federal Law No. 257-FZ. In Chapter 5 of Article 31, you can find the following points:

• transportation of bulky and heavy cargo requires a special permit;
• the procedure for obtaining a special permit is established by the government of the Russian Federation;
• before transportation, it is necessary to coordinate the route with the owner of the roads;
• in the event of damage, the amount of compensation is calculated by the road owner.

On the basis of the rights specified in the aforementioned normative act, the "Rules for the carriage of goods by road" were drawn up. In this document you can find instructions regarding the procedure for organizing transportation, ensuring the safety Vehicle and containers, if necessary, the conditions of transportation and provision of the vehicle for transportation.

Related orders and regulations

In order to securely protect yourself from problems when applying for a special permit and directly when transporting oversized cargo, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the following orders:

• # 107: is a regulation for government agencies on the issuance of permits;
• # 258: regulates the rules for issuing permits;
• # 7: establishes rules to ensure safety when transporting oversized items.

Resolutions:

• No. 125: procedure for weight and size control;
• No. 934 + No. 12: the procedure for compensation for damage caused to the road;
• No. 125: rules for passing weight control;
• # 211: establishes the rules for the introduction of a ban on transportation.

Fines and penalties

To familiarize yourself with the amount of penalties due for violations of the rules for the transportation of oversized cargo, see article 12.21.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. There you will also find out exactly who should be punished for violations. For example, for the absence of a special permit, the driver may receive a fine of 2 thousand rubles, but, even worse, he may lose his driver's license for up to six months.

What cargo is considered oversized

The cargo is considered oversized if its weight and / or size exceeds the value established by the traffic rules of a particular country as permissible during transportation. According to traffic rules Russian Federation, oversized cargo is considered to be:

Traffic rules on transportation

Clause 23.5 of the SDA states that cars transporting such goods must be marked with the sign " Oversized cargo". Additionally, in the dark (remember that this is considered the time from evening twilight to the beginning of twilight in the morning) and in poor visibility conditions, a reflective element or a white light lantern must be installed in the bow of the car, in the aft part - a reflective element or a light source of sufficient power Red. This is quite enough for driving on public roads.

Special Requirements

The transportation of explosive, chemical or other dangerous goods, long objects or heavy goods is regulated by special regulations established by the relevant government agencies. Special rules should be followed when driving a vehicle (with or without cargo) if:

Heavyweights

Also, a special permit from the traffic police is required when transporting heavy cargo. What matters is the total weight of the vehicle and the transported object. Specific values ​​in different countries may differ, which must be taken into account when intending to cross the border. The definition of "heavyweight" in the Russian Federation includes:

Also, do not forget about the strict requirements for the distribution of the axle load. It is not only the distance between the adjacent axles that matters, but also the standard loads of highways. During the design, construction and reconstruction of the roadbed, the permissible axial load is laid down, for example, 6, 10 or 11.5 tons. That is why transportation can take place not along the shortest route, but with the choice of roads with a suitable class of permissible load.

Signs

The sign used to designate oversized cargo:

Long-length road train sign
Long vehicle.

When transporting dangerous goods, the vehicle must be marked with a sign:

Cover car

Previously, if the length of a vehicle loaded with oversized cargo was more than 24 m, but less than 30 m, and a width of more than 3.5 m, but less than 4 m, then the proper conditions for transportation could be created by a transport company without the participation of representatives of the traffic police. But since 2014, when transporting heavy and oversized cargo, it is necessary to use a cover car to ensure safety. Requirements for an accompanying car:

• the presence of a yellow-orange stripe;
• the presence of yellow and orange flashing beacons;
• a reflective or light board must be installed, on which there will be an inscription warning about the peculiarities of the cargo (for example, "Long length").

Departure abroad and interregional transportation

If you intend to cross the border, please note that a car without a special international permit will be detained.

When passing the route through two or more territorial units of the upper level of the Russian Federation, an interregional permit should be obtained. As in the case of an international special permit, you can apply for obtaining through the website of "State Service". You can fill out an application with a personal visit at the offices of the Road Administration of the Russian Federation or in subsidiaries.

How to get permission

Obtaining a permit for the transportation of oversized cargo is regulated by the so-called Order 258. It is in this document that you can find out:

• admission parameters and conditions for refusal to apply;
• a full description of the procedure for drawing up and submitting an application;
• how the document should look and what information should be indicated in it;
• subtleties when coordinating the transportation of heavy objects;
• the established deadlines for obtaining a permit;
• the procedure for issuing a special permit or receiving a refusal.

Ban on carriage

Consider in what cases the transportation of oversized cargo is prohibited:

• the load interferes with driving;
• with a load, the car becomes unstable. To prevent overturning of the truck, it is imperative to take into account the seasonal characteristics and the risk of exposure to heavy winds;
• due to the size of the object, the driver's view is limited, as a result of which he cannot adequately assess the road situation;
• the cargo covers lighting devices, reflectors, identification marks, state registration plate;
• environmental pollution occurs during transportation.

Transportation rules

A car with an oversized cargo moving on roads should not accelerate more than 60 km / h. In this case, bridges should be overcome at a speed of no more than 15 km / h. Special attention should be given technical condition vehicle. The trailer must be equipped not only with serviceable parking brake, but also with a special device that guarantees a trailer stop in case of a rupture of the air lines of the pneumatic brake system coming from the tractor. The load must be securely fastened, the integrity of the fastening must be checked periodically.

During transportation different types cargo on cars should be guided by the rules for the carriage of bulky goods, which are valid in the Russian Federation and abroad. The safety of the carrier and other road users depends on this. For unimpeded passage through the territory of the Russian Federation, the permissible dimensions of the cargo for road transport are established.

Requirements for transportation are established by traffic rules

Transportation must be carried out special transport... In this case, the following conditions must be met:

• the mass of the transported cargo cannot exceed the maximum permissible values ​​established by the vehicle manufacturer;
• it is prohibited to operate a vehicle with partial or complete obstruction of headlights and registration plates;
• the product should not interfere with the view and control of the vehicle.

Dimensions that have overall objects of transportation

Dimensions of the transported cargo (maximum allowable):

• width- 2.65 m;
• length- 22 m;
• height- 4 m;
• vehicle mass- 38-40 tons.

Characteristics of oversized cargo

The dimensions and weights of many types of goods are outside the maximum permissible limits. Their transportation is allowed, but regulated by traffic rules.

Correct transportation of oversized cargo

Depending on how much the characteristics of the transported items differ from the permissible ones, the conditions for admitting equipment to the roads differ. In case of protrusion of the transported luggage from the rear outside the vehicle by a distance of up to one meter, and across the width of the car - by 0.4 m, a sign “Oversized cargo” should be posted, white lights and reflectors should be installed at the front and red ones at the rear.

If the transported items protrude more than 2 m from the rear of the truck, and the height of the object exceeds 4 m, special rules established by the Government and the Ministry of Transport apply.

List of rules for the carriage of bulky items

What the rules for the carriage of oversized cargo prescribe:

• preliminary coordination of the route;
• obtaining a special permit for transportation;
• use of escort vehicles;
• in the event of damage to the elements of transport infrastructure, the carrier should compensate for the damage.

For transportation of transportation of oversized cargo, a sign "Oversized cargo" must be fixed at the protruding point. It is made from reflective materials. The sign is a square with sides measuring 40 cm, on which there are oblique stripes of red and white flowers(their width is 5 cm). You can make it yourself or purchase it ready-made.

In addition, it may be necessary to fix the white and red side lights.

When preparing goods and choosing a vehicle, the following documents should be followed:

• Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 272.
• Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 258.
• By order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 7.
• Traffic rules.

What should be foreseen:

In accordance with regulatory enactments, attention should be paid not only to the direct transportation of goods, but also to their installation and fastening. The preservation of the stability of the car during movement is ensured, among other things, by the location of the heavier load at the bottom, compliance with its uniformity and the quality of fastening. Gaps between individual goods are not allowed, you need to shift them with special spacers.

If single places are installed, when stacking them, ensure the same number of tiers and secure anchoring of the upper one.

In the event of an increased danger during the transportation of bulky goods, it is necessary to attract escort vehicles, which can be tractors or vehicles of the traffic police.

When obtaining permission to transport bulky goods, full compliance with the rules should be ensured, which exclude:

• deviation from the permitted route;
• exceeding the established speed limit;
• movement in poor visibility, ice, snowfall;
• movement along the sides of the carriageway;
• stop outside of special parking lots;
• transportation in the event of displacement of the goods, loosening of fasteners, as well as in the event of a malfunction of the vehicle.

If circumstances arise that necessitate a change in the transport route, the carrier must obtain a new travel permit.

The procedure for obtaining a permit for a vehicle

To obtain a transportation permit, you should contact the appropriate organization, depending on the subordination of the road on which the transportation will be carried out.

Permits are issued by the following authorized bodies:

• Rosavtodor, in the case of movement on federal roads or highways along which international traffic is carried out.
• By the executive body of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation when driving on inter-municipal or regional roads.
• By the self-government body of the municipality if it is planned to move the vehicle along the local highway within the boundaries of the 1st district.
• By the self-governing body of the settlement, in the case of a local road passing within the boundaries of one settlement.
• City self-government body when the route is on a local city road.

To consider the application, you must provide documents for the car, detailed description what is transported by the car, the scheme of the intended movement.

In what cases can transportation be prohibited?

It may be prohibited to move a vehicle with a load that can be divided without loss operational properties... If it is not technically possible to carry out transportation on a specific route, a refusal may also follow.

Violation of the rules for the carriage of goods is fraught with the application of administrative sanctions. Transport together with the cargo is transported to penalty area... Drivers transporting goods subject to a permit with violations of the rules face a fine of up to 10 thousand rubles and deprivation of a driver's license for up to 4 months; legal entities may be subject to fines of up to 500 thousand rubles.

Today, one of the most demanded segments of cargo transportation is the automobile one. There are many reasons for this - availability, low cost and high speed of delivery.

Dear Readers! The article talks about typical ways of solving legal issues, but each case is individual. If you want to know how solve your problem- contact a consultant:

APPLICATIONS AND CALLS ARE ACCEPTED 24/7 and WITHOUT DAYS.

It's fast and IS FREE!

It is also possible to transport oversized cargo with this type of transport - but you need to remember about some restrictions both in width and height.

Who sets the permissible dimensions

Today, rather strict restrictions are established on the amount of goods transported through the territory of both the Russian Federation and other countries.

It should be remembered that for violations of the dimensional rules, a rather serious liability is imposed.

Moreover, not only a fine is imposed, but the vehicle is placed in a special parking lot along with the cargo. Which accordingly leads to a significant time delay.

Today, the maximum permissible dimensions of the cargo are set:

• special bodies within the country;
• various international standards.

The Russian Federation, along with many different other states, is a member of various trade associations.

Today in the Russian Federation, the State Duma and the Federation Council are in charge of the formation of laws governing this type of moment. It is these legislative bodies that are involved in the development of federal laws.

The fundamental regulatory document, on the basis of which various kinds of standards are established, is

It is in accordance with this legislative act, the standards established by it, that oversized cargo must be placed on the platform. There are quite a number of features associated with the measurement of the overall dimensions of the cargo.

Abroad, specialized state bodies are engaged in the establishment of the maximum permissible overall dimensions. This applies today to almost all countries without exception.

Including Belarus, Ukraine, Kazakhstan. At the same time, the EU has a single body that forms specialized legislative norms, the effect of which extends to the territory of all countries that are part of it.

Therefore, if there is a need to transport oversized cargo through the territory of other countries, it is imperative to take into account the legislation in force on their territory.

Otherwise, serious delays and other problems when passing through these countries will be possible. There are a large number of very different nuances and features.

Restrictions

On the territory of the Russian Federation and other countries, a very large number of very different transport companies... All of them offer an extensive list of all kinds of cargo transportation services.

And it is on the shoulders of their logisticians that the problem of laying a route for the movement of a specific cargo falls. At the same time, the customer of transportation himself should still familiarize himself with the standards, permissible dimensions of the transported goods.

At the moment, it is worth familiarizing yourself with the permissible dimensions in the following countries:

• Russian Federation;
• Belarus;
• Kazakhstan;
• Ukraine;

Most often, it is through the territory of these countries that various types of goods are transported, which for some reason do not fit into the sizes established by law.

Across Russia

At the moment, on the territory of the Russian Federation, the following permissible overall dimensions of cargo transported on public roads are established:

It is important to consider: it is allowed to exceed the height of 4 meters established by the legislation. But at the same time it is required in mandatory follow certain rules.

Mandatory measures include:

• application of special color-graphic designations directly to the car body, cargo boundaries;
• usage special machines accompaniment (the number depends on several individual parameters).

In Belarus

In accordance with the agreement of the CIS countries on the territory of Belarus, there are standards regarding the height of the cargo and its other overall dimensions, similar to the Russian ones.

At the moment, the following standards are being established:

• maximum length:
  
• maximum width:
  
• the maximum permissible height is no more than 4 m.

It is also possible to transport all kinds of oversized cargo. But again, you should remember about the need to comply with certain rules and standards.

It will be necessary to apply special designations to the cargo, vehicle. You will need an escort car.

In Kazakhstan

To carry out the transportation of goods across the territory of Kazakhstan, it is required to comply with the same dimensional standards that are used directly on the territory of the Russian Federation.

The maximum permissible height of the load is 4 meters, together with the height of the platform on which it is located.

The situation is similar with other overall parameters of the transported cargo (width, length). Similar standards apply to vehicle weights.

In Ukraine

When transporting goods across the territory of the country of Ukraine, it will be necessary to comply with the following standards regarding overall dimensions:

Separate standards exist for the transport of heavy goods. The situation is similar with oversized cargo transportation.

If possible, it will be necessary to familiarize yourself with all of them in advance. This way you can avoid a lot of all kinds of troubles.

Across the EU

On the territory of the EU, the standards of dimensions transported by cargo differ from those adopted in the territory of the Russian Federation, but not significantly.

It must be remembered that all EU countries have uniform standards regarding this point. But inside some individual subjects, it is possible to violate them in a big way.

If necessary, through the EU, it will be imperative to familiarize yourself with all standards.

They look like this:

The cost depends primarily on the weight of the cargo and its dimensions. If the dimensions fit within the limits established by law, then usually the cost is relatively low.

If the cargo is oversized, then in some cases the cost of its transportation (especially in the EU countries) increases significantly.

What is fraught with violation of the height of the cargo during road transport

The issue of fines for the transportation of goods in violation of the established dimensions is reflected in the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation in as much detail as possible. There is a separate article for each individual violation.

Today, the most essential, which you need to familiarize yourself with in advance, are the following:

• Part 1 - carrying out the transportation of bulky cargo without an appropriate permit, license:
  
• the carriage of goods in excess of dimensions is carried out by more than 10 cm:
  
• provides for violations that are not covered in parts 1 and 2 of this article, presupposes a fine:
  

If there is a repeated violation of applicable standards and regulations, then much more serious penalties may be imposed. Up to a ban on the conduct of a certain type of activity.

How to transport exceeding the maximum height

To carry out the carriage of goods exceeding the maximum height, it will be necessary to comply with certain rules established by law.

The most significant are the following:

• a special permit is required to carry out such transportation;
• a special route must be developed and approved by a special department - the driver is prohibited from deviating from it;
• it is obligatory to have special designations on the borders of the cargo that protrude beyond certain dimensions;
• 1 or more escort vehicles are required.

Also, the cargo itself, the order of its placement on the platform must meet certain specific requirements:

• do not close the road view to the driver;
• not create any other hindrances when driving a vehicle;
• not create obstacles for other road users;
• do not pollute the environment (noise, dust, etc. are not allowed).

Remember the famous thesis expressed by Ostap Bender: "A car is not a luxury, but a means of transportation"? Nowadays, it can be supplemented with the words "people and cargo".

If the majority of motorists have no questions about the rules for the carriage of passengers, then not everyone is familiar with the nuances associated with the carriage of goods. A whole section is allocated to this issue in the Rules of the road.

Traffic requirements

V Traffic rules for transportation Section 23 is devoted to cargo, consisting of five points, in which the legislator has provided for all possible situations that arise during their carriage by road.

In 23.1 we are talking about the permissible values ​​for the mass of the cargo. 23.2 instructs the driver to control its placement and fastening.

23.1. The mass of the transported cargo and the distribution of the axle load should not exceed the values ​​established by the manufacturer for this vehicle.

23.2. Before the start and during the movement, the driver is obliged to control the placement, fastening and condition of the cargo in order to avoid it falling and interfering with movement.

Paragraph 23.3 of the SDA in detail indicates when the carriage of goods is allowed and has five paragraphs, of which it is necessary to mention rather unusual for modern drivers One thing that many drivers forget is that the placement of the load should not interfere with the perception of hand signals.

23.3. The carriage of goods is allowed provided that it:

• does not limit the driver's view;
• does not complicate control and does not violate the stability of the vehicle;
• does not cover external lighting devices and reflectors, registration and identification marks, and also does not interfere with the perception of hand signals;
• does not create noise, does not generate dust, does not pollute the road and the environment.

If the condition and placement of the cargo does not meet the specified requirements, the driver is obliged to take measures to eliminate violations of the listed transportation rules or to stop further movement.

Permissible dimensions of cargo for transportation by road

What is considered a bulky cargo, the transportation of which does not require special permits, but has strictly defined transportation rules specified in the traffic rules?

23.4. Cargo that protrudes beyond the dimensions of the vehicle in front and behind by more than 1 m or to the side by more than 0.4 m from the outer edge of the parking light must be marked with identification signs "Oversized cargo", and at night and in conditions of insufficient visibility , in addition, in the front - with a lantern or reflector in white, in the back - with a lantern or reflector in red.

By lenght

If the load protrudes beyond the dimensions of the car in front and behind by more than 1m, but not more than 2m. It should be noted here that despite the presence of the letter "and", you can read "or". Suppose the load is extended by more than a meter only for the rear clearance of the car, but not at the front, it is already becoming oversized.

By width

It is also indicated how much the load can protrude across the width of the car - no more than 40 cm.

ATTENTION. Unlike the first case, where you should measure the length of the protruding part from the extreme point of the car, here the measurement is taken from the edge of the rear parking light, which means that it will actually protrude slightly less than the prescribed 40 cm, since the indicated lamp is always slightly deeper than the extreme lateral point car.

If, after measurements, at least one parameter exceeds the above norms, it should be marked with the sign "Oversized cargo", and in the dark or with insufficient visibility, also with lanterns or reflectors: white in front and red in the back.

Height

Despite the fact that clause 23.4 of the SDA does not say about the height of the cargo, it should be remembered that the cargo should not exceed four meters up from the surface of the carriageway (clause 23.5 of the SDA).

Consider this situation: the load does not protrude beyond the dimensions of the vehicle, but reaches 3 meters 85 centimeters from the roadbed, the sign “Oversized cargo” is not required.

Sometimes it happens.

Clause 23.5 of the SDA defines goods and vehicles for transportation or passage of which you will have to obtain a special permit:

23.5. Transportation of heavy and dangerous goods, the movement of a vehicle, the overall parameters of which, with or without cargo, exceed 2.55 m in width (2.6 m for refrigerators and insulated bodies), 4 m in height from the surface of the carriageway, in length ( including one trailer) 20 m, or the movement of a vehicle with a load protruding beyond the rear point of the vehicle's dimensions by more than 2 m, as well as the movement of road trains with two or more trailers, shall be carried out in accordance with special rules.

International road transportation is carried out in accordance with the requirements for vehicles and transportation rules established by international treaties of the Russian Federation.

Transportation rules

On the territory of the Russian Federation, the transportation of oversized cargo is regulated by a number of regulatory legal acts, in addition to traffic rules, this includes:

• Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 15.04.2011. No. 272 ​​"On approval of the rules for the carriage of goods by road";
• Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation of July 24, 2012 No. 258 “On Approval of the Procedure for Issuing a Special Permit for Movement on Highways of a Vehicle Carrying out the Transportation of Heavy and (or) Oversized Cargo”;
• Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation of January 15, 2014 N 7 "On approval of the rules for ensuring the safety of transportation of passengers and goods by road and urban land electric transport and a list of measures for the training of employees of legal entities and individual entrepreneurs carrying out transportation by road and urban land electric transport, to safe work and vehicles to safe operation ".

The documents are quite voluminous and informative, affecting not only the topic under consideration, so we will consider them in the part concerning.

You should start with the loading rules, the basic norms of which are spelled out in sufficient detail. This includes sorting cargo by weight, namely, the heavier ones are located at the bottom to maintain the stability of the vehicle while driving, the cargo must be homogeneous, well fixed. It is also prescribed not to allow gaps between the loaded products, instructing them to fill them with gaskets.

Homogeneous piece loads in the body of a vehicle must be stacked in compliance with the same number of tiers and ensuring reliable fastening of the upper tier of the stack (clause 36 of the Order of the Ministry of Transport No. 7 of 15.01.2014).

Here we are talking about the need to attract escort vehicles, justifying this with an increased danger when transporting bulky goods (clause 52 of the Order of the Ministry of Transport No. 7 dated January 15, 2014).

Clauses 53-58 of the Order of the Ministry of Transport No. 7 dated 01/15/2014. establish escort rules and requirements for escort vehicles. Tractors and (or) cars of the State Traffic Inspectorate (clauses 53-58 of the Order of the Ministry of Transport No. 7 of 15.01.2014) can be used as these vehicles.

Clauses 59 and 60 of the same Order of the Ministry of Transport No. 7 dated 01/15/2014 give an exhaustive list of situations and conditions under which the transportation of such goods is prohibited:

• deviate from the established special permission route;
• exceed the driving speed specified in the permit;
• carry out movement during ice, snowfall, as well as with meteorological visibility less than 100 meters;
• to drive on the side of the road, if such a procedure is not determined by the conditions of carriage;
• stop outside specially marked parking lots located outside the carriageway;
• continue transportation in the event of a technical malfunction of the vehicle that threatens traffic safety, as well as when the cargo is displaced or its fastening is loosened.

If during the movement there are circumstances that require a change in the route of movement, the subject of transport activity is obliged to obtain a special permit for the new route in the prescribed manner.

As indicated

In view of the increased danger for road users, these cargoes must be marked with the sign "Oversized cargo" (clause 23.4 of the SDA). The indicated sign is installed directly on the cargo itself at the extreme protruding point.

Therefore, if the load exceeds the established norms behind the vehicle, it is installed at the rear. If in front and behind - in both places, respectively. The same applies to the designation of the protruding parts on the sides of the vehicle.

In addition to the sign, it may be necessary to install lamps or reflectors in white and red, respectively, in the front and rear, but this requirement is appropriate when transporting at night or in conditions of limited visibility.

Oversized cargo sign - dimensions according to GOST

The sign "oversized cargo", as drivers often call it, simply does not exist in the legal field of the Russian Federation, since this is a vernacular and simplified name identification mark"Oversized cargo".

The dimensions of the sign are defined in the form of a square with a side of 400 mm and alternating oblique red and white stripes, each 50 mm wide.

The above options are provided state standard GOST R12.4.026-2001, therefore, are mandatory.

It is allowed to apply this sign directly on the cargo itself in the form of a sticker or drawing corresponding to the specified GOST.

IMPORTANT. The sign is made of light-reflecting materials!

This mark can be purchased or made by yourself. The only difficulty that arises is that the sign must be retroreflective.

There are two ways to solve this problem. The first is to purchase a special paint, which will hardly be cheaper than buying a ready-made sign. The second is to fork out a sticker for the sign and stick it on any solid base, such as a sheet of tin or a PVC panel. The main thing is to observe the dimension, do not take risks, do not make the sign less than that provided by GOST.

Carriage permit

Until now, many motorists who have not encountered the problem of transporting bulky goods believe that a permit should be obtained from the traffic police. In fact, this is not the case.

The State Traffic Inspectorate provides for an approval procedure and it is connected with the duty of this service to determine whether there is a need to escort the cargo and in the form of escort (by the carrier special car or company car Traffic police).

Permits for transportation are issued by a number of authorized bodies, depending on which roads the route is agreed on: international, federal or municipal. Recently, it has also become possible to obtain the specified permission from the owner of the road, if it is in his ownership.

To start the procedure for obtaining a special permit, you must submit an application to the authorized body (see the table above), a package of documents is attached to the application: for the car that will participate in the transportation, for the cargo, the route diagram. Also, the authorized body has the right to request additional documentation related to the forthcoming transportation.

The terms for consideration of the application are spelled out in the administrative regulations and, depending on the number of approvals and related actions (assessment of the condition of the road or the need for strengthening or reconstruction) from five days to thirty.

Obtaining a special permit is a shareware procedure. The authorized body does not have the right to demand a fee for issuing a permit. But the applicant is obliged to pay a state fee in the amount of 1600 rubles (subparagraph 111 of paragraph 1 of article 333.33 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation (part two) of August 5, 2000 No. 117-F3, as amended by Federal Law of 21.07.2014 No. 221-FZ ).

Additionally, you may need to pay for the assessment road the suitability for transportation of the cargo in question, as well as work on strengthening or reconstruction of road sections and engineering structures (for example, bridges) along the planned route. As well as compensation for damage caused by transportation to the road and communications.

In what cases such transportation is prohibited

It is forbidden to transport bulky cargo if it is possible for separate transportation without depriving the cargo of its operational properties, it is also forbidden to transport the specified category of cargo in organized columns (clause 51 of the Order of the Ministry of Transport dated January 15, 2014, No. 7).

A ban may be issued if there is no technical capability to carry out the declared carriage on the route.

What is the penalty for a violation

Responsibility for violation of the rules for the carriage of goods is provided for by two articles of the Code of Administrative Offenses RF.

Article 12.21 - Violation of the rules for the carriage of goods. Sanction: a warning or a fine of 500 rubles.

This article applies to goods that do not require special permission and liability may arise in approximately a number of cases: the absence of a sign "Oversized cargo", the cargo is noisy, dusty or unreliable, makes it difficult to view.

IMPORTANT. There are no sanctions for deprivation of the right to drive the vehicle, but according to Article 23.3 of the SDA, further movement until the identified violations are eliminated, and registration of the violation does not give the right to continue the trip.

Article 12.21.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation provides for liability for violation of the traffic rules of a large-sized vehicle. And here we are already talking, namely, about goods requiring special permission. In total, the article has 11 parts:

As you can see, the types of punishments are quite harsh, and parts 3.5 and 6 of Art. 12.21.1 provide for the deprivation of the right to drive the vehicle for various periods.