The use of worm gear gearboxes are characteristic of machines that have special requirements for the parameters of a sharp change of speeds and cutting the drive. But in order to largely impede the reduction of efficiency, which is characteristic of such engagement, it is recommended to use special lubricants. Qualitatively oil for worm gearboxes allows you to protect the gearbox from such losses, which can sometimes be up to 42% (more applies to systems with an increased gear ratio). The need to choose such an oil is also justified by the following needs:

Reduction of heating obtained from a large number of kinetic energy at the time of the transformation;

Preventing the wear of parts during self-removal;

Improving power transmission;

Increase the resource of the worm gearbox;

Protection against wear from frequent shift loads.

To achieve all parameters, it becomes necessary to choose the most appropriate composition of lubricant, which will reduce the level of wear, especially at high working rates, characteristic of modern equipment 2014-2016.

Schemes and methods for lubricating gears and worm gears

On the receipt of maximum performance reducer, the selection of the scheme and the method of lubrication is important. Depending on the type of equipment used in Kharkov enterprises, or, for example, operated in conditions of private practice drive aggregates In Dnepropetrovsk, a specific lubricant scheme is applied. This contributes to the relief of the stroke of the mechanisms of a special location, and the completion of the cooling function. The most common options are:

Lubrication of engaging teeth occurs by transmitting the amount of oil between the teeth. At the same time, the housing serves as a capacity for this composition, filling the space to a height of 2-3 tooth.

The second method is the use of an additional gear rotating on the axis fixed in the housing and conjugate with one of the gear wheels. This scheme is used if the driven wheel operates at a speed below 15 m / s.

Method of application pump feedCreated forced pressure. Here, the protective coating flows along the inner surface of the gearbox and is removed by oil. This scheme assumes the exact flow of the jet into the place of the input of the teeth into engagement, ensuring maximum performance.

The method of processing narrow wheels involves the presence of single nozzles. There is also an individual introduction of lubricating agents in the site of engagement.

In this regard, the need to buy the most optimal and high-quality oil for the operation of a particular drive mechanism is directly related to significant improvement in the performance of each node (shaft, wheels, bearings) and the entire unit.

What oil to fill in a worm gear

When choosing oils most relevant to your reducer, at least 2 factors are taken into account:

Ambient temperature where the drive is operated;

The operational mode of the unit.

Considering the temperature regime, then in the conditions of the coldest climate, you should give preference to synthetic materials. Among those, the site "Site" is carried out by the sale of funds by type: Ca 2-100 and Ca 2-100 SPRAY, which have resistance to a sharp drop in temperature and aging; Having universal use in CA 2 SERIES gearboxes and others manufactured by Kluberbio. With more high temperaturesThe oil on mineral bases is better suitable, according to the GEM lineup with a modification of 1-46 ... 680 N, which have resistance to any loads, including wear and exposure to a humid environment. All the lubricants offered by us have passed the necessary tests and meet the special requirements for a number of properties and safety levels. Also, the choice of conditions for the operating conditions, where attention should be paid to the load criterion before the appearance of the bulk (at least 10-12, etc.).

Pros and cons

When choosing lubricating gear mechanisms, the benefits and minuses of each of them are required, which determines not as much cost as technical advantages. Thus, the choice of synthetic or semi-synthetic materials prevails:

high stability at low temperature operation;

maximum lack of formations;

increased anti-wear protection;

high fuel consumption optimization.

But at the same time, they do not possess such a number of modifications by making special additives, which is peculiar mineral oils. It is additives that contribute to the purification of the drive mechanisms, increase anti-corrosion protection and delay wear. High quality additives price of Eurosmampacks increases significantly technical specifications Oils themselves.

Specifications

When buying wholesale or retail necessary means Lubricants, it is also important to know the technical parameters defined by physico-mechanical properties. At the same time, it sets the characteristics on the oil of GOST documentation, which determines:

the index and the viscosity class of each lubricant means;

flash temperature, which should not be too low;

the degree of load (for EU oils is not lower than 10);

total density and other.

Given these parameters, you can purchase in Kiev neighborhoods On the Eurosmagging website, for the delivery of which we need a minimum amount of data from you.

No matter how high-quality equipment for the cultivation of the country or the nice site, it takes good care. Otherwise, it can quickly break. Let's talk in this article on how to ensure good care and repair for the reducer of the cultivator, in order to serve as possible to its owners as long as possible.

Causes of breakdowns

The main causes of problems with cultivators, as in the photo below, are considered the following phenomena:

• unimportant care for the equipment for work in the country area or the absence of this in principle: unreasonable replacement oils, use of non-original spare parts or lubricants of dubious quality, etc.;
• no attention to the quality of the work of this kind of technique: ignoring noise, whistle, excess vibration, etc.;
• violation of the rules of operation, transportation, storage and preparation for work;
• late repair of details.

What is the gearbox?

Reducer is one of the main composite elements Drive cultivator for soil treatment. It is chain and worm. The level of reliability of this node determines the operational period of equipment and the need for its repair.

Look at the next photo in order to understand how the mole cultivator reducer looks like visually.

Economy aggregates are often equipped with a non-separable type reducer, which is not particularly durable. It is important to note that the node of this type is not subject to repair or disassembly. Its details are unregistered and distinguished by low quality.

More expensive options have collapsible gearboxes in their design. They succumb maintenance: When wearing parts of such a gearbox, they can be replaced. For example, a replacement is subject to bushings or bearings.

If the cultivator for some reason has become unusable, the breakdown will be needed to be eliminated by repair. There are special services that provide such services. However, if the dacket does not want to overpay, if the repair is required to perform the most quickly or if it sees the strength and has skills, repair the soil processing equipment can be handled.

Problems and ways to eliminate them

If during the operation of the device, the summer residents notices the increased noise in the gearbox, it is worth stopping the work of the cultivator immediately:

• To begin with, it will be necessary to establish the cause of this phenomenon. Experts argue that noise in the gearbox arise in connection with the lack of oil. Also, a similar problem may be caused by the inconsistency of the quality of the oil used along its brand and cleanliness. For example, if an inexperienced farmer flooded in fuel tank aggregate old gasoline or fuel dubious quality. In the first case, you should simply add oil into the reducer of the cultivator to the optimal level. In the second - change its brand;

• Noise transmissions can be noise. This is due to poor quality tightening fasteners. Carefully inspect the device and tighten them if necessary;

• In many cases, noises generate worn gears and bearings. If the reason for this, the farmer should be feared more serious breakdowns. However, problems with the device will not arise if the repair of the cultivator reducer is carried out in a timely manner. And it consists in dismantling and replacing the details that have come into disrepair.

If the soil treatment technique does not turn on at all if it is made of arbitrary shutdown or switching speeds is accompanied by difficulties, the farmer should think over the following reasons:

• Details that participate in the speed switching process could be widespread. Often, this wear is happening with the ends of the gears involved, which leads to problems when changing the speed of the machine. In such conditions, it will be necessary to dismantle the worm gear of the cultivator and the editors of the gears by grinding. If wear is irreversible, these parts of the device must be replaced;

• The slots of the shafts could occur or the shafts in the axial direction were shifted due to the abrasion of bearings and stop rings. In order to adjust the axial position of the shafts, additional locking rings will be required. If wear bearing and rings are too strong, they should be replaced;
• The farmer made incorrect clutch regulation, which can lead to the difficulty of switching gear. This can happen due to the inexperience of the operator, which in advance releases the clutch lever when shifting. In this situation, you will need to adjust the clutch and learn to the correct and timely transmission switching.

If overheating of the nodes of the transmission occurs, it is worth checking the bearings to the degree of their wear. Also the cause of such problems may be an insufficient number transmission Oil In Carter, as well as its low quality. In such conditions, the main activities for repairing the product for the processing of land will be as follows:

• replacement of worn bearings;
• change of oil.

If the worm reducer of the cultivator is installed on the product for processing the Earth, and the farmer noticed the oil from this node, then it should be checked with bearing nodes for the correct installation.

Let's summarize

The cultivator reducer is a complex node that can be worm or chain. Its features must be taken into account by the farmer in the process of its operation. It is necessary to understand when it is necessary to replace the oil or use such a means as a grease of a reducer of a cultivator, otherwise damage cannot be avoided. The next video will tell you how to repair the chain reducer of the cultivator with your own hands.

Lubrication, lubricants andSeals

To reduce the loss of friction capacity, reduce the intensity of wear of rubbing surfaces, their cooling and cleaning from wear products, as well as for protection against hot, scaling, corrosion should be ensured reliable lubrication of rubbing surfaces.

Lubrication of gear and worm gears

In mechanical engineering for lubricating gears and worm gears, the so-called so-called is widely used. carter system.In the gearbox or gearbox, the oil is poured so that the wines of the wheels are shipped into it. The wheels during rotation are fascinated by the oil, splashing it inside the case. The oil hits the inner walls of the case, from where it flows into its lower part. Inside the case is formed by the suspension of particles of oil in the air, which covers the surfaces of the parts located inside the case.

Carter lubrication is used in the circumferential speed of gears and worms up to 12.5 m / s. At higher speeds, the oil dumps the centrifugal force from the teeth and the engagement works with insufficient lubrication. In addition, the loss of oil stirring is noticeably increasing, its temperature rises.

The choice of lubricant is based on the experience of operating machines.

Predelible use have oils.The principle of oil variety is as follows: The higher the wheel speed of the wheel, the less the viscosity of the oil should be and the higher the contact voltages in the engagement, the greater viscosity should be characterized by oil. Therefore, the required viscosity of the oil is determined depending on the contact voltage and the circumferential velocity of the wheels in Table. 8.1.

Table. 8.2 Choose a brand of oil for lubricating toothed and worm gears. In tab. 8.3 shows the recommended lubricating oils for wavelengths.

8.2. Kinematic viscosity of oils

The designation of industrial oils consists of four characters, each of which denotes: first(And) - industrial, second- belonging to the group for the purpose (M - for hydraulic systems, T - heavy-loaded nodes), the third -belonging to the group operational properties (A - butter without additives, C - oil with antioxidant, anti-corrosion and pro-tive-axis additives, d - oil with antioxidant, anti-corrosion, anti-wear and tative additives), fourth(Number) - kinematic viscosity class.

From plastic lubricantsthe most commonly used cyatimons 201, Litol-24, unison-2 (Table 19.40).

Permissible levels of immersion wheels cylindrical reductor into the oil bath (Fig. 8.1): h m (2m ... 0.25d 2). Here M is the engagement module. The smallest depth is considered to be equal to two engagement modules, but not less than 10 mm. The greatest permissible immersion depth depends on the circumferential velocity of the wheel. The slower the rotation of the wheel, to the greater depth it can be immersed.

Think that in two-stagechat transferwith district

speed \u200b\u200bCa and Caucasian Steps V 1 m / s sufficiently immersed into the oil only the wheel of the low-speed stage. With V.< 1 м/с в масло должны быть погружены колеса обеих ступеней передачи.

In coaxial gearboxesat the location of the shafts in the horizontal plane in the oil immerse the wheels with high-speed and low-speed steps (Fig. 8.2, but).At the location of the shafts in the vertical plane are immersed in the gear oil and the wheel located at the bottom of the housing (Fig. 8.2, b).If the depth of the wheel immersion is excessive, then reduce the oil level and install a special lubricant wheel 1 (Fig. 8.2, B).

In conical or conical-cylindrical gearboxes a conical wheel must be immersed in the oil bath. b. crown.

Depth dive into oil oil worm gear take: at the bottom of the worm (Fig. 8.3, a) h. M. \u003d (0.1 ... 0,5) d a 1; At the top (Fig. 8.3, b) h. M. = 2T.... 0,25 d. 2 . However, with frequent inclusions and short-term operation (start-stop-start), the engagement lubrication turns out to be insufficient. In order to avoid this, the oil level is raised to engage.

If it is important to reduce heat dissipation and power loss in worm transmission (for example, with a high frequency of the worm and long-term transmission operation), the oil level in the body is lowered (Fig. 8.3, B). Sprinklers are installed to lubricate the engagement on the worm 1 (Fig. 8.3, in, d).Oil is poured in this case to the center of the lower body rolling bearing.

Ribs of immersion wheel boxes of gear the same as for wheels of gearboxes.

Fig.8.3

Distance b. 0 between the bottom of the housing and the outer surface of the wheels or the worm for all types of gearboxes and gearboxes accept:

b. 0 3awhere butdefined previously by formula (3.5).

Worm gear is a mechanism for transmitting rotation between shafts through a screw (worm) and a worm wheel conjugate. Using worm gears - an inexpensive way to ensure high speed of single-stage gearboxes. These gearboxes are withstanding numerous launches and stops, changing loads and are used in many types of food industry equipment.

Usually in mixers or packaging machines, worm gears are placed deep inside the processing equipment, and in the drives of conveyors are mounted on top, on weight. Such a location makes it difficult to access them when carrying out maintenance. As a result, worm gearboxes are contained in unsatisfactory state, which leads to damage and premature wear Drive details.

In order to minimize the need for maintenance and related costs, designers developed a disposable gearbox, which are filled with standard polyalphaolefin (PAO) oil. Such gearboxes are capable of working within 2000 hours. With continuous operation, they require replacement every 12 weeks.

Alternative to replacing gearboxes is the use of synthetic reducer oil with food tolerance. It provides excellent long-term lubrication at high and low temperatures, has a low evaporation and compatible with the equipment designed for the use of mineral oils.

It is known that the main part of the worm gear drive is made of bronze. That is why in order to avoid corrosion in the formula of standard oil non-promotional additives It is contained in minimum quantities, and the separating properties are provided only at the expense of a high viscosity oil film. Butter Molykote L-1146FM contains a phosphorus-based anti-wear additive, which does not cause corrosion of bronze vehicle drive parts and meets the requirements for lubricant materials with food tolerance. Unlike materials obtained by traditional distillation processes, this synthetic oil Manufactured due to a combination of smaller molecular "building blocks" in accordance with the specified parameters of the performance and in order to minimize the amount of impurities.

Due to its formula, synthetic oil with food tolerance Molykote L-1146FM helps to reduce the friction of the gearbox parts and, as a result, an increase in the permissive period.

Experience use Molykote L-1146FM At the factories of the food industry proved its effectiveness: the service life of disposable gearboxes has increased more than four times, i.e. Instead of 2000, I began 9000 hours.

According to the provisions of the Office for Food Control and Drug Administration (USA) Oil with food admission Molykote L-1146FM is approved for use when possible random direct contact with food. In addition, it meets the requirements of the Ministry agriculture US and can be applied at meat processing factories and poultry industry.