How to transport things on the roof of the car. How to carry loads on the top trunk? Fastening on the rails

It will sound trite, but ... before loading the top trunk, carefully read the instruction manual for the car. What for? It happens that the universal trunk for ignorance put on the car, which is not intended for this. For example, the body of the peugeot 408 sedan is not equipped with the necessary amplifiers, so the installation of rails and the crossbar to the roof is prohibited. If the installation of the upper trunk is allowed, read what is the permissible mass of the cargo being transported. It is usually 50-70 kg.

"Total fifty kilograms? - An experienced motorist is surprised. "I drove through three centners on the roof of the Sixters!". Watchfully believe. W. vaza models, From the "penny" to "nine", the trunk was attached to the drainage grooves located along the edges of the roof, which could withstand significant overload. On the modern cars, regular rails (longitudinal guides for the transportation of goods) or transverse luggage arcs are relying directly to the roof, so "getting" to the shipment of dents are a pair of trivia. More precisely, a couple of extra boards.

And do not think that the instructions write reinsurers. Of course, engineers laid a certain margin of safety, so on the roof of the machine, which is regularly overloaded, dents will not appear immediately. Or will not appear. It depends on the case: how large is the overload, which roads to drive (the more bumps, the greater the chances to get a dent) and ... what kind of choose you need to carry. Yes Yes! Much depends on the goods itself. Here are some tips, if the trunk has to be delivered ...

... Lumber

The most common mistake of those who carry the sawn timber is the incorrect assessment of the mass of cargo. A good example: how much will weigh the 3-meter board- "Society"? As many as 10 kg! This is if we assume that the mass of one cubic meter of dry pine wood is 600 kg (sometimes more when the material is not well succeeded). Thus, on the rails you can download everything ... 5 such boards, and not 15-20, as you want many.

Therefore, look at how many cubic meters I pulled the purchase - in the documents, conscientious sellers write and quantity, and the volume of sawn timber. And then we multiply on the reference weight of one cubic meter of the desired variety of wood and thus find out how much your cargo weighs. Here is an example. In the invoice there are 0.336 cubic meters of dry spruce boards, which we multiply by 450 kg (so much weighs 1 cubic meters. M fir wood), and we get 151 kg. It means that in order to deliver so much material on the car, you will need three walkers.

If you load a lumber with 6-meter packs, the huge moment of inertia will rock a swing, which will pull the trunk racks, then put them down. The most noticeable effect will be on bad roadsoh, when pendulum oscillations are particularly strong.

... pipe

With a metal, a similar situation - the inhabitant is difficult to assess its mass. We will not give the calculated formulas for each type of metal profile, as they are well known to the employees of the metal bond, and limit ourselves to the formula for a round tube. So, in order to find out how much the one-line meter of the steel pipe of the circular section weighs, it is necessary to calculate the thickness from the outer diameter, and the resulting result is multiplied to the thickness and multiply 0.025 again. For reference, we give the masses of the most common pipes with a thickness of 3.5 mm: with a diameter of 76 mm - 6.3 kg (messenger meter), 89 mm - 7.6 kg.

At the same time, the pipes (as well as any other products made of metal) have one extremely unpleasant feature: friction between the steel trunk and the steel pipe is small, so when accelerating and braking, metal can move forward-back. If the trunk crossings are covered with a layer of rubber, the problem disappears. Otherwise, it will be worth it to put it in oblique a piece of rubber - for example, ordinary latex gloves.

The rest of the difficulties are like during the transport of wood. It is impossible to allow pipes to start swing (it is possible even on perfectly roven road, Under the action of the incident air flow), otherwise they will easily cut down the trunk fasteners, it should be securely fix it and stop regularly to check and pull the mounts. Also when loading "under the string" should be avoided by bad roads so as not to wash the roof. In general, the shorter of the pipes (or boards), smooth asphalt and moderate speed, the less chance of damaging the body.

... plywood and polycarbonate

Very dangerous cargo! At a speed of 100 km / h Any plate of 1kstarter meter can create a lifting force of about 300 N. In order to become more clear, we will give a simple comparison: the first aircraft, whose wings are not far from constructing evolved from ordinary plywood, the load on one square meter of the wing was the most 300 N. So, it would seem, innocuous sheets can easily raise the front of the car over the road (and this is an imperious loss of controllability), or ... tear the trunk! No kidding.

How to avoid this? Transfer sheet materials, not accelerate faster than 50-60 km / h. This is an axiom. We also advise reliably to mount the load: it is important that the front of the sheet does not rise above the trunk. To do this, it is necessary to connect sheets together (best of all clamps - if you often transport leafy materials, do not lay on their purchase), or by pressing the Phaneur from above the long ram or heavy swinging like boards. Of course, with the second version, you can not forget about the maximum permissible load.

And it is not very good for rubber harnesses! Sheet materials are better to linake belts or rods, since the flow of the incident air can lift the cargo so that the "gum" will stretch to the limit and burst. Also note that Plywood has the "Play" property: on the irregularities, fasteners can relax, so regular control and tightening are needed. And do not be afraid if the car will be controlled somewhat unusual - note that they are fixed on the roof, but the wing is enshrined.

About the rest

So that without adventure to bring to the trunk to fuck to the destination, it is enough to observe 5 simple SovietsChecked for years.

1. Do not hurry. When transporting a voiced 50 kg, the height of the center of gravity increases by 10-12%, which negatively affects stability and handling. And the greater the mass of the cargo, the harder it is to manage the machine. So set to a slow calm movement without sharp accelerations, braking and steep turns.

2. Bold the cargo reliably. And do it always, not allowing yourself excuses like "Yes, literally a couple of kilometers, nowhere to do this piece of plywood." It's still going to go: will fly to another car, crawling back, removing the trunk lid, - in general, options mass. And if the distant road is ahead, regularly stop and check whether the fastener is not weakened.

3. Do not skimp on fasteners. If you know that you can regularly break on the roof, assemble a set of fasteners: a couple of long strong rods, a couple tie straps, a set of rigging gum ... And there are still special metal "stoppers", special fasteners, worn directly on the trunk and greatly facilitating the transport of oversized cargo.

4. Always check the trunk. Checking the trunk fastening is needed not only before each shipping, but also after unloading. Suddenly the planes loosened under the weight of things? And if you never take off the crossbar, look at the body of the body under the fasteners: very often the latter wipe the paint to the metal, provoking corrosion foci.

5. Consider money. Empty, without boosted, the trunk at a speed of 80 km / h increases fuel consumption by 5-10%, and with a cargo consumption can grow by 30%! So consider whether it is not more profitable to hire the Gazelle format truck, especially if there are several walkers. Moreover, carrier services because of the abundance of proposals are now relatively inexpensive.

What are the traffic rules talking about

IN PDD transportation The cargo is devoted to the whole chapter. We will highlight several important items that will be useful to motorists.

• rules road require that the driver does not limit the driver's review, did not make it difficult to control and did not violate the stability. vehicle, did not close the external light devices and reflectors, registration and identifying signs, did not create noise, did not dust, did not pollute the road and the environment.
• Cargo, protruding the dimensions of the machine in front and behind more than 1 m or on the side of more than 0.4 m from the outer edge of the overall fire, must be indicated by signs " Large cargo" No red rags! Only a special sign. In the dark time and in conditions of insufficient visibility, you also need a flashlight or a cataphoth white color, Rear - a lantern or a red dampness.
• In fact, the carriage of goods, which exceed in width of 2.55 m, and at an altitude of 4 m from the surface of the carriage part are prohibited. To do this, you need to agree on the route and get special permission Traffic police. Also, traffic rules are forbidden to send more than 2 meters for the rear point of the vehicle dimensions.

For violation of the rules for the carriage of goods by the Code administrative offenses Warning or 500-ruble fine is provided.

Recent weather anomalies with flipper winds and flying canopies recalled: any harping structures will sooner or later discovered their unreliability. It fully applies to the trunk on the roofs of the passenger cars, along which the dachniks are guessed on the road.

It is easily. But to make it so that the kidding got to the destination, not rushing on the road, more difficult. The so-called "spiders" are designed - elastic crochet cords resembling elements of a gymnastic expander. Which one to choose?

Recall the famous horror plate about grandmothers using bags of trolleys. The mentioned cords designed to securely fix the bag on the cart, have a frozen habit of quietly disassemble, knocking down to the metal crochet in the most vulnerable places. That is why we decided to check how good the tips in the products purchased by us are capable of spontaneously get involved and whether the relative elongation of elastic cords is great.

For examination, we purchased a dozen of the same type. White Voronene looks only the grid for the trunk, which they also decided to experience. As usual, we remind you that the results of our checks relate to a specific sample and do not claim to overall rating Product quality of this or that brand.

Program and Test Methods

• Relative elongation of the cord

The parameter shows whether the elastic cord does not turn into a similarity of aircraft gum. In other words, it will not be fixed cargo "walk" on the trunk. To check, one end of the cord is fixed, and the second attached linearly increasing force until the cord stops lengthened. The sizes of the cord in the initial state and in the stretched measuring the tarred metal ruler. The relative elongation is determined as a percentage as the ratio of the increment of length to the initial size.

The parameter says about the utmost load capacity of "spider". One end of the cord is reliably fixed on a fixed bed, and the second across the tip is attached linearly increasing force controlled by a tarized dynamometer. We determine the magnitude of the load at which one way or another, the performance of the cord was disturbed - the hook was deformed or broke out, the cord burst. Since the standards for such products do not find, we decided to just reveal the "champion".

• Evaluation of ergonomics

Visual assessment of hook trauma and the quality of their sealing.

Who has "attachment" stronger?

The Russian "bison" was not equal. Good packing, full information about the product (only for this cord is indicated by the discontinuous load), the unusual ideology "renounce, how much", absolutely top scores In trials on the gap. Perhaps only the elasticity of the cord is excessive, but against the background of the advantages, I do not want to cling. The price also seemed acceptable to us.

We wish everyone a good way and saving baggage!

Transportation of long-haired cargo
If you decide to bring siding, several packaging of lining, or any long-chased object, you need to keep in mind that it is better to pack it in a rectangular packaging, and not to distribute the luggage crossing plane. For its attachment, it is better to use two or more luggage belts. When mounting the cargo, the belt is very important that the luggage belt on each side is fixed for the protruding edge (from the support) arc. When tying, it is not recommended to use straps with snoring mechanisms, and with "strsts" because when tightening, the luggage arcs themselves can occur with the seats themselves, which can bring to their breaking and even disassembling the trunk from the roof. This recommendation concerns not only the attachment of the trunk behind the doorway, but also fastening to regular places. With a strong lateral pressure, which may occur due to the belt tension, adjacent to the roof of the gum leaves from its landing place, the gaps are formed and the trunk is precipitated. It is especially important to take into account that it is possible to mount the load for the trunk only along the luggage arc, when attaching across, the whole design hangs on stretched straps, which is very bad for the reliability of the attachment of the trunk and cargo.
Transportation of extensive things with large "Perusosta"
When designing the Thule, Inno, Lux, Atlant and Amos and Delta, the engineers take into account the vertical load primarily, they are usually written into the technical passport of the fleet and is indicated in the instructions. It is important to understand that the "vertical separation up" is not one test manufacturer does not conduct, so if you decide to transport the door on the trunk, to carry the sheets of the drops, plywood, or a material with a wide surface, be sure to consider the weather conditions (strong wind), strictly observe speed mode Not more than 80 km per hour! When moving with a fleet and "sailing" cargo on the roof, try to comply with the speed mode and avoid sharp maneuvers. When fastening sheets of widespread material to the trunk, you must take into account the same recommendations as when attaching more "compact" cargo. That is, in no case, do not bind the load along the body of the machine, only the cargo itself can be associated along, do not use belts with ratchet mechanism "Racky", since the uncontrolled tension on the arc can shift the trunk from its installation places and weaken the strength of the attachment to the roof. For fastening the goods it is better to use special belts of cybermag with steel buckle, with dry and wet weather they are well held fastening, protect the trunk from the tug and cannot deform paintwork Car, if with vibration steel belts buckles will touch the body.