What differs MPI from TSI. Engine MPI: What it is, the principle of operation, dignity and disadvantages. Advantages and flaw MPI motors

Slowly still goes into the past MPI Engine. What it is, no longer know, mostly those who changed many cars in their lives and not the first year is driving. Probably also those who are interested in technician in general and automotive industry in particular. But in due time, such a motor was a huge step forward: it was he who came to shift the carburetor.

Among the Volkswagen engines, this oldest development of those still used until recently. True, MPI was put the engine in recent years mainly on the Skoda model. The last swallows were Skoda Octavia. second series; FSI or TSI time requirements have already been installed on the third. And yet it is still believed that MPI is the most reliable, practical and trouble-free among all injection engines.

Device

Abbreviation decrypt as Multi Point Injection, that is, a multipoint injection. The engine is Benzi new aggregateBy definition, not a turbocharged, in which the point injection is distributed over the cylinders. One injector is attached to each cylinder, which exercises a dosed fuel supply under pressure through a specially dedicated intake channel.

The rest of the mechanisms are included in the watery cooling system. The performance of Volkswagen is MerCruiser, which stabilizes the operation of the engine due to the developed system of exemption from gas-air traffic jams.

The Germans supply MPI engine well-thought out system controlling the hydraulic engine, a coupling with a built-in press oil. And especially successful can be considered engineering decision Differentiation Engine: The basis of the design rubber supports, which are automatically adjusted under the rhythm and speed, engine speed and irregularity of the coating.

At the expense of all this, the vibrations of the motor and noise from it are noticeably reduced. The engine itself is 4 cylinders and 8 valves (at the rate of 2 per cylinder). By power MPI, the engines were produced by 1.4 liters with 80 horses and 1.6 - from 105.

Dignity

The main advantage of this engine is in the simplicity of the device. Due to this, it is repaired easily and is in service inexpensive. In addition, it is quite suitable for 92 gasoline (and not only in alternative producers, but also for the original models of Volkswagen). The design is durable to the maximum. If dealing with german cars With such a motor, the manufacturer guarantees a fierce mileage at 300,000 - if not to be lazy to change filters and oil on time.

disadvantages

They are due to exactly constructive features Engine. Namely: fuel connects with air into the channels, and not directly in the cylinders. Therefore, opportunities inlet system Severally limited. As a result, we have a lack of power and. As a result, neither special dynamics, no hot drive, nor sports pickup. These qualities are enhanced by the number of valves - 8 pieces for modern cars are not enough. It can be said is a family and leisure car.
MPI and modernity

But by the way, according to the assurances of developers from the world-famous concern, this engine has little to do with the old version of 105 horses of power. In essence, he rather refers to the TSI family, but there is no turbine and direct injection for gasoline.

A period of increased interest in gasoline engines MPI (abbreviation is decrypted as Multi Point Injection) fell at the end of the last century. The demand for cars with similar installations is due to a non-standard fuel injection scheme, which is built on a multipoint principle.

Each cylinder of such an installation has its own injector, as a result of which the fuel mixture is as possible evenly distributed over all cylinders. The embodiment of the idea car Engine with multipoint injection volkswagen.which has largely assumed the appearance of an effective alternative to carburetor engines in the face of MPI. We will try to consider it more detailed what MPI engine is and evaluate its competitive parties.

How modern is MULTI Point Injection

A few years ago it seemed that there were no future MPI engines, and it was even possible to believe that the production of such motors was completely suspended. It is not surprising, because rapid development automotive technologies Very soon makes forget that yesterday was considered a flagship or quality reference. Something similar happens with MPI aggregates, which many industry experts seem outdated and inappropriate today's views on ecology and efficiency.

If there are similar conclusions for the European market, then for Russian - only partly, because by many domestic motorists, the real potential of these aggregates is still not disclosed. The benefit that far-sighted manufacturers do not give "die" technology and is still actively implementing it, for example, in the case of the second series ŠKODA Octavia, Volkswagen Polo., Volkswagen Golf. 7, ŠKODA Yeti for russian roads and others. The most memorable representatives with MPI recent years Steel motors with a volume of 1.4 and 1.6 liters.

MPI - engine as it is

Along with the multi-point injection system, there is another significant detail - the complete absence of a turbocharger. In stock Typical fuel pump that feeds fuel in the intake manifold under pressure three atmospheres for subsequent mixing and receipt of the finished composition into the cylinder through the intake valve. As you can see a scheme similar to what happens in engines with a carburetor, with the difference that each cylinder is equipped with a separate nozzle.

Multi Point Injection Engine Equipped with water cooling circuit fuel mixesthat is somewhat unusual. A similar course is dictated by the fact that in the area of \u200b\u200bthe cylinder head, the temperature is quite high, while the pressure of the incoming fuel is relatively small, which is why there is a high probability of boiling and, as a result, the occurrence of the gas-air plug.

Pros and benefits MPI

Compatriots who have already been lucky enough to get acquainted with MPI engines before transferring to a car with a different engine, for sure they will think carefully whether they can get a set of those advantages, due to which power plants with multipoint injection won worldwide recognition:

• Simple device. It cannot be said that it is simpler than that of carburetor models, but in comparison with TSI engines, equipped with TNVD and turbochargers, superiority is obvious, which is expressed in the cost of the car, not such significant exploration and the ability to carry out many types of repair independently.
• Moderate Quality Quality Questions.For Russia, this is especially important, as it is always possible to guarantee the presence of gasoline and high-quality oils always and everywhere. MPI engines are quite unpretentious and feel good when using low-octane gasoline not less than 92th.
• Reliability.According to the developers, the minimum mileage without breakdowns for cars with MPI is at least 300 thousand km, but only provided that the oil and filters will be replaced on time.
• Small probability overheating.
• Adjusting the ignition advance angle.
• The presence of the engine support system.It is based on the use of rubber supports. And although it is not connected directly with the engine device, on his "health" and the comfort of the owner, it still affects, since the supports are effectively mixed by noise and vibrations arising during traffic. Interesting the fact that the adjustment of the supports under the operation of the motor is carried out automatically.

Minuses and disadvantages of MPI

By the number of minuses forcing to refuse to buy and operate machines with Multi Point Injection in favor of the newest models, only two points can be attributed:

• Comparatively high fuel consumption. With multipoint injection, it is impossible to avoid such consequences.
• Lack of torque and low power.The fact that the mixing of fuel with air occurs in the inlet channels, and not in the cylinders, imposes certain limitations. Cars with MPI can not be attributed to the discharge of "frisms" and powerful; They are more designed for a leisurely, and therefore the driver's lovers are most likely not like. But on the role of a family such a car may well claim, because the dynamics and power is not important for him.

If you relate all possible pros and cons, then among Russians there will certainly have a lot of those who believe that the power plants with MPI continue to be competitive. Obviously, the German manufacturers who have decided that for the Russian version ŠKODA Yeti the best option The MPI engine will be.

Surely everyone knows what the motor is in the car. But today's article is devoted to a specific aggregate, about which we will try to tell from "A" yes "I"

The end of the past century and the beginning of the new one became a period of aggravated interest in MPI gasoline engines. Decoding this reduction sounds like Multi Point Injection. An extraordinary fuel injection scheme served as good demand for cars with such engines. This scheme was created in a multipoint principle.

At the expense of individual injectors in each cylinder, a uniform distribution of fuel in the cylinders is maximally possible. This construction development, namely, the release of engines with multipoint injection took over Volkswagen. Due to which the MPI engines appeared.

The appearance of such power plants The alternative to carburetor engines was alternative. To more accurately understand the MPI engine, you need to carefully disassemble its competitive features.

Modernity Multi Point Injection engines

The future of MPI engines is missing, as it looked out a few years ago, many even believed that the manufacture of motors this type It was suspended. The radical development of automotive developments and technologies is very quickly forcing not to remember yesterday's quality reference.

In fact, it happens with MPI engines, many specialists of this industry argue that economy and environmental Safety are outdated.

But these conclusions are more correct only for European markets, and as for the Russian, then it all looks in part. Since the real potential of these aggregates has not yet been fully detected by domestic motorists.

Manufacturers bet on foresight, do not die to die this technology and constantly introduce it to cars intended for Russian roads. For example, on Skoda Yeti. or Volkswagen Polo. The most memorable became representatives of the MPI system with engines, the volume of which was 1.4 or 1.6 liters.

MPI engine design features

The absolute lack of turbocharger is another significant distinctive feature of this system along with the multipoint injection system. In the design of these engines, there is an ordinary benzonasos, which under pressure 3 of the atmosphere supplies fuel to the intake manifold for subsequent mixing and feeding through the inlet valve of the finished composition.

This work scheme is very similar to the work scheme. carburetor engines. With one difference that there is a separate nozzle on each cylinder.

Another not familiar feature of the Multi Point Injection engine system is the presence of water cooling loop for fuel mixture. This is explained by the fact that in the field of cylinder head very heat, and the pressure of the incoming fuel is very small, because of this, there is a high probability of the manifestation of gas-air traffic jams and decaying.

Characteristic advantages MPI

Before transferring to a car with MPI, many motorists who are in one degree or another familiar with this system will think very well about obtaining a set of advantages, at the expense of which the installation with multipoint injection has deserved vocation in the world.

Easy device

This does not mean that such systems are easier compared to carburetor models. If you compare the TSI model, which has in the design of the TNVD and turbochargers, then naturally superiority on the face. And the cost of the car will be lower and reduced operational costs and the possibility of self-repair.

Undemanding fuel quality requests

Guarantee the proper quality of fuel and oils everywhere and is always not possible that very characteristic of Russia. The use of lowactane gasolines below 92 does not affect the operation of MPI engines, since they are very unpretentious. The minimum mileage of cars without breakdowns, according to developers, is 300,000 km, provided timely replacement Oils and filter elements.

The minimum probability of overheating

The ignition advance angle is adjustable. The presence of an engine support system, which is designed to apply rubber supports. Of course, it is not related to direct with the engine, but on the performance of the motor and the comfort of the driver, it all matters.

Since the vibrations and various noises that occur when driving. An interesting feature is that supports have automatic tuning under various engine operation modes.

Characteristic disadvantages of MPI

All disadvantages of this engine are expressed precisely its constructive features. The fuel connection with air occurs in the channels, and not directly in the cylinders. Accordingly, there is a limitation of the capabilities of the intake system. This is expressed in shortness of power and rather weak torque.

Based on this, no decent dynamics, athletic pickup, hot drive is not obtained. In modern cars, the presence of eight valves is usually lacking, so all these characteristics increase. If you characterize this car With such a system, it will completely come down for family and quiet transport.

That is why such cars ceased to be in demand and depart to the back plan in the past. Why is it happening, i.e. The world made an assessment of the qualities of this system and decided that it was not enough and designed by the developers to design more modern power motors. But no, there are unexpected surprises in the automotive industry.

Skoda developers developing a Russian version of the SUV for family use Yeti, in 2014 deliberately abandoned the turbocharged engine with a volume of 1.2 in favor of the MPI engine with a volume of 1.6 and 110 hp.

As the developers of the famous World Concern, this engine practically nothing has nothing to do compared to old model Power in 105 hp It is most suitable for TSI models, but it does not have direct injection and turbine.

Summarizing

On the care of engines from the world market with the MPI system, the above listed indicators significantly affect. Nowadays, many motorists prefer more powerful modern carswhose pace is growing steadily.

The need for equipment of machines stronger aggregates significantly underestimates the cultivation of Multi Point Injection engines. Compared with them, this motor is weak. But MPI MPI is still too early to write off the MPI motor, since the developers of Skoda Yeti are trying to use it fully on Russian roads.

Automakers constantly upgrade the motors, trying to squeeze the maximum efficiency with minimal fuel consumption and minimal damage to the engine components. Drivers who are not particularly interested in motor-building can hardly say exactly what MPI engine is and what it differs from other motors. Despite the fact that manufacturers already refuse from such engines in the mass car segment, it is important to know what good motors are good and bad.

If you ask an ordinary motorist about the motors that he knows, for sure, he will call the TSI and FSI engines. These engines are now more common than MPI, but all this trinity is injector engines.

The MPI abbreviation itself is decrypted as Multi Point Injection, that is, a multipoint fuel injection. Concern Volkswagen was engaged in the development and implementation of MPI engine. It can be found on old models car Skoda. Yeti and Skoda Octavia.

Please note: in various technical documentation You can meet the Abbreviation MPI DOHC. This type of engines, which are located in the cylinder head on 2 distributive shaft and 4 valves.

How MPI Engine

In MPI, the motor, as can be understood from the decoding of the abbreviation, is used by a multipoint simultaneous injection. That is, the fuel supply occurs at once from several points.

Each cylinder in the MPI engine has its own injector, and fuel is supplied through a separate channel of release with a fuel pump. The fuel enters the selected intake manifold under pressure of about 3 atmospheres. In the collector, the process of creating a fuel-air mixture occurs, that is, mixing with air, after which it goes into the cylinder through the inlet valve.

Important: Main difference MPI Motor from TSI in the absence of the first turbocharger.

If you disassemble the operation of the MPI engine, you can select 3 main stages:

• In the first, the fuel in the injector from the tank occurs through the fuel gas station;
• At the second stage, fuel enters a special channel after a special injector team from electronic block management;
• At the final stage, the resulting fuel-air mixture is sent to the combustion chamber.

It is worth noting that the MPI technology is the most common engines with a volume of 1.4 liters per 80 hp and a volume of 1.6 liters per 105 hp, it is them that can be found on the Skoda brand cars.

Note: Since the ignition is expected in the MPI engine, the gas pedal is extremely sensitive.

The advantages of MPI engines

As noted above, now manufacturers began to abandon the motors made using MPI technology. However, they have a number of characteristic advantages for which drivers appreciate them:

• Reliability. MPI motor is able to "pass" more than 300 thousand kilometers, if you follow it, that is, to change the filters and oils in a timely manner. The design of the engine itself is strong enough;
• Simplicity. MPI engine is easier than TSI and FSI. Accordingly, it is easier to maintain;
• Efficiency. MPI motor works well, including 92 gasoline.

To find out everything about the MPI engine, what it is, as he is arranged and by whom it is created, just read the material below. Such a power unit having an abbreviation MPI, which certainly not all car owners know, is German injector motor With built-in multipoint system responsible for fuel injection. It is this feature of a power unit that just a few years ago was innovation, served as the basis for which the name of this type of engine appeared - Multi Point Injection.

Experienced vehicle owners know that in this complex device for each cylinder is provided. For the first time, the development of the scheme was engaged in Volkswagen. Automotive concernsLocated in Wolfsburg, throughout the MPI system, since it was previously the only injection system with fuel injection.

The invention is recently considered a popular novelty, today is not an aggregate corresponding to the latest economic and environmental standardswhich are presented to all. The fact is that quite recently the device was removed from production, the last car, which was completed by the MPI engine, was the second Skoda Octavia series. However, talented constructors soon adapted the model of the power unit to new requirements, having revived the left MPI engine. At the moment, most often you can find the engine with a volume of 1.4 liters with an impact of 80 liters. from. and 1.6 l with a capacity of 105 liters. from.

Main characteristics

The MPI system, as mentioned earlier, is decrypted as Multi Point Injection, which denotes the presence of multipoint injection. The power device from is a gasoline nonurgicated unit, in which a point injection is operating while driving, which is distributed over all cylinders. This system implies the presence of cylinders, each of which is assigned a separate injector. Through such an injector, a dosage fuel supply occurs, which is carried out exclusively under pressure. The passage of fuel provides separate intake channel.

The design of the power unit is such that it does not have a fuel rail, which serves as the basis of the injection injection in TSI engines. Another feature of the MPI motor is the lack of direct injection, which goes into all cylinders (compared to). The feature and simplicity of the aggregate design led to the presence of the ignition advance function. In view of this circumstance, the throttle gained ideal sensitivity regarding the gas pedal.

A complex mechanism is completed with an extraordinary water cooling system. Volkswagen Concern installed in his device the MerCruiser system, stabilizing the correct performance of the power unit. With the help of such an element, the engine is freed from gas-air plugs.

Manufacturers modern motor MPI ideally thought out all the components of the elements, equipping the system with a special controlling hydraulic engine and a separate coupling with a built-in press oil. It is impossible to go around the differentiated engine, which basically contains rubber supports, automatically adjusted relative to the speed of movement, the speed of the power unit and the irregularities of the road surface.

All individual elements assembled into a single design, have a beneficial effect on reducing vibration and noise coming from the motor. The engine has 4 cylinders and 8 valves. At the moment, the aggregates of 1.4 liters with a return of 80 horses and 1.6 l - from 105 liters. from.

Advantages of the power unit

If a person acquires a car on the power unit of which the MPI designation is present, he needs to know what MPI means. Like any other device, the engine has a number of certain advantages and disadvantages. First consider weighing advantages the unit, which during operation allowed to collect a million crowd of fans, still preferring to move on vehiclesequipped with MPI engines.

This type of engines among Russians is particularly popular, since in the Russian Federation the norms that are presented to the level of ecology have a number of sending, unlike European standards. In Europe, even closely does not have such a number of "antique" cars, such as domestic Russian "kopecks", mercilessly related to the environment. The thing is that fuel abroad is an order of magnitude cheaper.

Advantages of modern MPI devices:

• the design that is not similar to a simple carburetor, but not so complicated as TSI, equipped with a variety of massive and "cunning" devices. A constructive simple unit is available in terms of cost, in view of which it has the possibility of budget repairs;
• simple requirements for. MPI installed in any car can with a calm soul fill out by a simple 92-M gasoline;
• stability of relatively premature overheating.

An important advantage of such an aggregate is to reduce noise and vibration, which manifests itself during movement.

Motor Disadvantages

All the disadvantages that the MPI device posses is directly dependent on design features.

Disadvantages of the system:

• during the movement of the car, gasoline is mixed with air, it occurs in the channels, and not cylinders, which negatively affects the restriction of the capabilities of the intake system;
• lack of power and lack of sufficient torque (directly related to the previous minus);
• the absence of excellent indicators relative to the dynamics, drive and at least sports techniques.

All indicators are a bit exacerbated by the amount of valves provided for, for modern machines 8 pieces are not enough. A car equipped with such an aggregate can be called quiet.

Conclusion

All listed indicators affect the departure of the MPI engine from the world market. The ever-growing pace of development of powerful maneuverable cars, which prefers the majority of motorists, need a complete set of more "strong" power units, compared to which MPI motor is weak. However, it is too early to write this engine if you consider the fact that in the Russian skoda version Yeti (Family SUV) manufacturers replaced the turbocharged engine with a volume of 1.2 liters force aggregate MPI volume 1.6 l with a return of 110 liters. from.

The developers of the updated engine MPI marked its indigenous difference from a predecessor with a capacity of 105 liters. With., assuring that the new unit belongs to the TSI family, with the only feature - lack of turbocharging and direct fuel injection.