MPI principle of operation. MPI Engine: What it is. Engines current models of Hyundai passenger cars

When it comes to Czech engines, almost everyone consider them unique and best in the world in their classes. Endurance, efficiency, certain manufacturability and classic design make their business. The problem is only that some units did not deserve such good glory among car buyers. In particular, 1.6 MPI motors installed on Octavia were not always so interesting. Pay attention to the fact that the corporation used in its history at least 3 different power units with one label. Until 2004, the 1.6 MPI node was put on Octavia Tour The first generation, he was identical Volkswagen motors, about which we will talk later. In 2005, Czechs made a small reconstruction of this unit. It was on the Octavia A5 of the first years of release, this motor was installed, and the reviews are pretty contradictory.

Today, for generation A7, as well as on A5 restyling, other aggregates are installed with the same marking of 1.6 MPI. In particular, russian cars Equipped with a power plant produced in the Russian factory. And his technology went away from predecessors. So dump all the ideas about the atmospheric in a bunch is not worth it. IN different cars Established various power units With volume 1.6, and it should be considered when buying a car. Among all versions there is no excessive poor enginewho would not have passed 200,000 km run. But after significant runs, many aggregates begin the problems. The initial German technology has long changed. And even on VW cars, MPI engines have long been not the ones that were before. So it is worth thinking about recent reviews and independent tests before giving money for a potentially reliable and classic atmospheric. Let's consider this situation in terms of history.

The first 1.6 MPI engines - on Volkswagen cars

In Russia, the first copies of 1.6 on german cars Practically not supplied. But many cars fell into our country back in the late 90s for well-known schemes. Some of them were delivered illegally, but many and to today's day Successfully chase on the roads of the Russian Federation. If you had a chance to contact with the first engine 1.6 MPI per 110 hp, they felt all the charms of real German technologies. The features of this motor were as follows:

• installed the engine on Golf IV, Passat B5 its power was small, but there were enough singularities for successful exploitation in the conditions of the city and the routes, there were no restrictions;
• a simple automatic machine was supplied with the motor, but more often they bought the mechanics, which was made with regard to military endurance, these boxes never broke out;
• the motor itself is made of special alloys, it is quite heavy, repair is subject to repair and serves at least 300,000 km overhaul, this is one of the last European millionnies;
• many technologies of this engine are used until today, 20 years after the first installation on the German car, but the materials have long changed long ago;
• the unit is very economical with all its advantages, it consumes in a large Passover to 10 liters of gasoline in the city and up to 6.5 on the highway, which gives obvious benefits.

The only problem of this unit is age. The youngest car you can find exactly with this engine and with excellent box - Passat B5 Plus 2004 release. After the release of the Passat B6, the VW corporation handed over the technology of atmospheric Czech and began to establish completely different power units on their cars. So find good engine With a slight mileage of the first 1.6 MPI will be incredibly difficult.

Skoda and refinement - the main factors of the popular 1.6 MPI

Czechs did not dare to produce an atmospheric engine at exactly the same way as the Germans. The reasons for such a decision are unknown, but the company in 2005 significantly "finalized" the engine. All outwardly remained unchanged. Atmospheric technologies, consumption even less than the previous version, the same size, the same characteristics. But in general, the design of the power unit was changed in several important points:

• alloys for production have been strongly changed to facilitate and reduce the main installation, it led to the fact that a damp motor was hit by a damp motor without due verification;
• to reduce costs, it was refined piston system, somewhat changed the essence of the engine design, so the load on its main parts has grown slightly;
• the inside of the motor was significantly simplified, in particular, the amount of metal was reduced, the walls between the cylinders are not allowed to repair the power unit capital;
• czech engineers simplified many technologies that should not be simplified, and the engine immediately began to bring certain trouble to its owners;
• the ECU program was completely changed due to the efficiency and other important advantages of operation, but the durability of the motor immediately decreased several times.

Modern technologies are not always better classic. This is proved by Octavia A5, on which this power unit is installed. The machines are easy to break, very often owners after 8-10 years of operation and 200,000 km of mileage. So, when buying a used Octavia, give preference to more expensive motors, such as 2.0 FSI or diesel engines. But buy a used machine with an atmospheric 1.6 one should not, it can bring problems.

New engine 1.6 MPI - Russian production

On Skoda and Volkswagen russian assembly Today, the engine produced in the Russian Federation is installed. At your own factory, Volkswagen-Group has launched the production of atmospheric with a volume of 1.6 liters. This is a completely different engine, a series of this motor EA211, earlier such technologies were not used at all in German cars. ABOUT this engine It is still difficult to say something concrete, but the first reviews of the owners allow you to give such conclusions:

• motor for its 110 hp very dynamic, from it engineers squeezed almost everything that can be squeezed out of simple atmospheric engine Such volume in our conditions;
• production is quite high quality, as there is practically no breakdown and warranty appeals, the engine behaves perfectly, at least on new cars without run and bad experience;
• fuel consumption reduced, improved some important characteristicsbut the motor did not become more reliable, and this is visible according to the design in comparison with the predecessor EA111;
• the impossibility of execution overhaul The unit is not doing anywhere, the owners can operate the installation until the replacement for a new engine will be replaced;
• there is no doubt that almost all the diseases 111 of the engine remained in place, but Russian production somewhat lowered technology and made a new engine more affordable.

Repair and capital to restore the unit is not recommended. This is one of the important operating conditions that should be observed when buying a car with this installation under the hood. But 250-300 thousand kilometers the machine passes, and it is really good in comparison with competitors. It pleases the fuel consumption, the dynamics are quite good, and reliability and durability are not yet checked on a large number of copies. So make final conclusions early.

What will happen in the future with MPI engines?

Most likely, the motors with atmospheric technologies live their last years. Soon they will begin to be replaced with downsayzing and less attractive turbocharged installations with more complex characteristics. The reason for this is rather strange environmental laws. Euro-6 has already complied with many classic aggregates due to large emissions into the atmosphere. EA211 engine is designed for euro-5 norms, it will reach Euro-6, but the next standard in a couple of years it will not be able to withstand. There are several important factors about such motors:

• too much volume at low power becomes unprofitable for the buyer and manufacturer, there are much more compact units with a large number of horses;
• on the engine 110 horses, but with a volume of 0.9 liters exhaust will be almost 2 times lower, and this is an important argument for most modern manufacturers in Europe and the USA;
• environmental Scandals diesel engines (Dieselgate in America) is just the beginning, soon the authorities of the leading countries will take themselves for other aggregates with increased emissions;
• atmospheric technologies are simple and serve for a long time without breakdowns, it is unprofitable for manufacturers who earn well on parts to technological installations;
• turbated units - the need for modern world Techniques, it is precisely such Motors will soon float the entire market and will not give a special choice to the buyer.

Simple technologies remain in the past. Today, on a modern unit in the garage, it is possible to change the candles, and for this you will have to read the forum and look for tips from specialists. The first Motor 1.6 MPI could be serviced at home on their own, today the manufacturer tries to stop these opportunities. Business and money began to lead the world, and this cannot but affect the quality of the manufactured technologies.

We offer to watch a test drive car on which this type of power unit is installed in the following video:

Let's sum up

To say that the installation of atmospheric type on Skoda cars is very bad, it is impossible. This is a pretty good unit in comparison with most competitors. But it is not worth extracting it too high above the opponents. The motor 1.6 MPI remains certain disadvantages that did not correct russian production. Volkswagen Corporation is moving away from the use of data of motors, offering them only on internal russian models. In Europe, the atmospheric studies have long been around the cabin, choosing more economical and drive turbocharged nodes of different textures.

For Russia, the turbine aggregates are still difficult to call optimal. We need unpretentious and endless motors who work perfectly in a wide variety of conditions and behave perfectly when changing climate. Of course, the flow rate also becomes an important factor, but while we prefer reliability. However, reliability also becomes a relative factor, and it is difficult to predict the service life of a particular car. It is safe to say that the era of atmospheric power plants It goes, the time of more advanced technologies begins. What do you think about Czech and German installations 1.6 MPI?

MPI engine means injector Enginein which a multipoint fuel injection system is used. She gave the name to this power unit - Multi Point Injection. In other words, everyone accounts for their injector (nozzle). This scheme was developed and embodied by the Volkswagen concern. Historically, for automakers from Wolfsburg, the MPI system was the first injector fuel injection system. Now this type of unit no longer complies with the modern economic and environmental requirements imposed on car engines. Until recently, it was possible to say that this type of engine was removed from production and the last model of the concern car where it was used was the second series. But unexpectedly, the revival of the MPI engine occurred, and he again became in demand! Save intrigue and tell about it at the end of the article. And now let's say that the most vivid representatives of this family of engines recent years Power units 1.4 (80 l. p.) and 1.6 liters (105 liters p.).

MPI engine feature in the injection multipoint injection system

MPI motor in detail

We have already mentioned the first and main distinguishing feature of these power units - this is a multipoint of fuel supply. But those who are familiar with car motor They may say that, for example, TSI engines also have a multipoint injection. Therefore, we turn to the second difference - the absence of chance. That is, there are no turbocompressors for the injection of the fuel mixture into the cylinders. The usual, which supplies fuel under trivial pressure of 3 atmospheres in a special intake manifold, where it is then mixed with air and sucks through the inlet valve into the cylinder. As you can see, at this moment it looks very similar to the work of the carburetor motor. There is no direct fuel injection into a cylinder, as in TSI or GDI schemes there is also a lot.

Third distinctive trait - The presence of the water cooling of the fuel mixture. This is explained by the fact that in the area of \u200b\u200bthe cylinder heads are developing quite heatand fuel comes under relatively low pressure. Therefore, it can simply boil and form gas-air traffic jams.

Advantages and disadvantages of MPI engines

Benefits

Initially, about the merits, and so significant that many people are happy to exploit cars with such engines. Especially in our country, where the requirements for environmental friendliness are not so tough, as in Europe (which is a vivid example of the presence of merciless "kopecks" and other domestic and foreign pre-selection movies). Yes, and the cost of fuel still does not bite as the Europeans.

1. Easy design. Of course, this is not a carburetor, but not tsi with its high pressure pump and turbocharger. A simplicity of design automatically means availability at the price of the aggregate itself and its possible repair.
2. Lower requirements for. The MPI engine feels quite well on 92 gasoline. And try to pour it, for example, in modern Volkswagen. Passat. Such some omnivine, by the way, somewhat leveals one of the disadvantages of such motors (about them just below) - lower efficiency.
3. Less leaning to overheating.

MPI engines do not have special fuel quality requirements

Another advantage, the truth is directly not related fromthe injector power unit under consideration is the presence of rubber supports under the engine. This significantly reduces the noise and vibration when driving.

disadvantages

1. Ligger economy. That's that. Multipoint injection is, of course, well, but reducing together with the direct fuel injection into the cylinder (as TSI systems) is better.
2. Weathered torque and shortage of power. Nevertheless, the possibility of a scheme involving air connection with gasoline in the collector, and not in the cylinder, are somewhat limited. So for lovers of drive and races on traffic lights, the MPI engine will not fit. Too badly.

And yet, if we summarize the advantages and disadvantages, then the final result makes these power units are quite competitive, especially for our domestic realities. It is no coincidence for the Russian Germans abandoned the turbocharged 1,2-liter TSI engine, preferring to it a proven and unpretentious 1.6-liter MPI horse.

In Russian skoda version Yeti MPI motor installed

Now, we think it will understand what it is a MPI engine. If you have any questions about this article, ask. Be sure to answer.

But one more, no less popular, which is installed on the Volkswagen Group cars (now mainly on cars Skoda.), This is the MPI engine. It should be noted that this engine is the oldest line engines Volkswagen.However, it is the most reliable and practical of all aggregates ...

MPI or MULTI Point Injection engine (multipoint injection) - A gasoline nonurgiced engine using a distributed multipoint fuel injection through the injectors. On each cylinder is used one injector, there is no fuel rail as in engines TSIAlso there is no fuel injection directly to the engine cylinders as in the FSI and TFSI engines. MPI engine has its own fuel injection structure. If you can rudely express yourself, one cylinder is one injector, through a special intake canal. It should be noted that it was he who came to shift carburetor engines.

Such a motor has a function of ahead of the ignition process, which ensures high sensitivity indicators of the gas pedal throttle.

The structure has water cooling of the fuel mixture of MerCruiser, due to which the fuel mixture is cooled to an acceptable temperature. Such cooling makes it possible to increase the stability of the engine operation, by getting rid of air - gas plugs.

He also has an advanced hydraulic control system. A coupling with a press oil. The system of limiting engine differentials with memory (based on rubber supports, which automatically adapt to the operation of the engine - reducing noise and vibration during operation).

It has 8 valve system of gas distribution, two valves per cylinder, one camshaft. Bright representatives of this family Motors 1.4 (80 hp) and 1.6 liters (105 hp).

DignityMPI

The engine is unpretentious, it may well work at 92 gasoline. It has a solid construction, as the manufacturer itself assures, the minimum mileage without repair is 300,000 kilometers, with a timely replacement of oil and filters. Not expensive and not difficult repair, due to a simple device.

disadvantagesMPI

Due to the fact that the fuel mixture is mixed in special inlet channels before entering the cylinders, such engines have limited capabilities. inlet system. This affects the power and. They cannot be called "dynamic" and powerful. Most likely, they are designed for unhurried ride. The presence of eight valves, and most of These engines have eight GDM valve systems, also speaks of power loss.

Because of its old design, MPI engines are gradually derived from production, latest models which this family of engines was installed, were cars skoda brands Octavia second generation. However, the third generation of OCTAVIA cars has more modern and advanced FSI engines and.

I think it became a little clear - what is this engine.

To find out everything about the MPI engine, what it is, as he is arranged and by whom it is created, just read the material below. Such a power unit having an abbreviation MPI, which certainly not all car owners know, is German injector motor With built-in multipoint system responsible for fuel injection. It is this feature of a power unit that just a few years ago was innovation, served as the basis for which the name of this type of engine appeared - Multi Point Injection.

Experienced vehicle owners know that in this complex device for each cylinder is provided. For the first time, the development of the scheme was engaged in Volkswagen. Automotive conmen, located in Wolfsburg, used the MPI system everywhere, since it used to be the only injection system with fuel injection.

The invention is recently considered a popular novelty, today is not an aggregate corresponding to the latest economic and environmental standardswhich are presented to all. The fact is that quite recently the device was removed from production, the last car, which was completed by the MPI engine, became the second series Skoda Octavia.. However, talented constructors soon adapted the model of the power unit to new requirements, having revived the left MPI engine. At the moment, most often you can find the engine with a volume of 1.4 liters with an impact of 80 liters. from. and 1.6 l with a capacity of 105 liters. from.

Main characteristics

The MPI system, as mentioned earlier, is decrypted as Multi Point Injection, which denotes the presence of multipoint injection. The power device from is a gasoline nonurgicated unit, in which a point injection is operating while driving, which is distributed over all cylinders. This system implies the presence of cylinders, each of which is assigned a separate injector. Through such an injector, a dosage fuel supply occurs, which is carried out exclusively under pressure. The passage of fuel provides separate intake channel.

The design of the power unit is such that it does not have a fuel rail, which serves as the basis of the injection injection in TSI engines. Another feature of the MPI motor is the lack of direct injection, which goes into all cylinders (compared to). The feature and simplicity of the aggregate design led to the presence of the ignition advance function. In view of this circumstance, the throttle gained ideal sensitivity regarding the gas pedal.

A complex mechanism is completed with an extraordinary water cooling system. Concern Volkswagen. I installed in my device the MerCruiser system, stabilizing the correct performance of the power unit. With the help of such an element, the engine is freed from gas-air plugs.

Manufacturers modern motor MPI ideally thought out all the components of the elements, equipping the system with a special controlling hydraulic engine and a separate coupling with a built-in press oil. It is impossible to go around the differentiated engine, which basically contains rubber supports, automatically adjusted relative to the speed of movement, the speed of the power unit and the irregularities of the road surface.

All individual elements assembled into a single design, have a beneficial effect on reducing vibration and noise coming from the motor. The engine has 4 cylinders and 8 valves. At the moment, the aggregates of 1.4 liters with a return of 80 horses and 1.6 l - from 105 liters. from.

Advantages of the power unit

If a person acquires a car on the power unit of which the MPI designation is present, he needs to know what MPI means. Like any other device, the engine has a number of certain advantages and disadvantages. First consider weighing advantages the unit, which during operation allowed to collect a million crowd of fans, still preferring to move on vehiclesequipped with MPI engines.

This type of engines among Russians is particularly popular, since in the Russian Federation the norms that are presented to the level of ecology have a number of sending, unlike European standards. In Europe, even closely does not have such a number of "antique" cars, such as domestic Russian "kopecks", mercilessly related to the environment. The thing is that fuel abroad is an order of magnitude cheaper.

Advantages of modern MPI devices:

• the design that is not similar to a simple carburetor, but not so complicated as TSI, equipped with a variety of massive and "cunning" devices. A constructive simple unit is available in terms of cost, in view of which it has the possibility of budget repairs;
• simple requirements for. MPI installed in any car can with a calm soul fill out by a simple 92-M gasoline;
• stability of relatively premature overheating.

An important advantage of such an aggregate is to reduce noise and vibration, which manifests itself during movement.

Motor Disadvantages

All the disadvantages that the MPI device posses is directly dependent on design features.

Disadvantages of the system:

• during the movement of the car, gasoline is mixed with air, it occurs in the channels, and not cylinders, which negatively affects the restriction of the capabilities of the intake system;
• lack of power and lack of sufficient torque (directly related to the previous minus);
• the absence of excellent indicators relative to the dynamics, drive and at least sports techniques.

All indicators are a bit exacerbated by the amount of valves provided for, for modern machines 8 pieces are not enough. A car equipped with such an aggregate can be called quiet.

Conclusion

All listed indicators affect the departure of the MPI engine from the world market. The ever-growing pace of development of powerful maneuverable cars, which prefers the majority of motorists, need a complete set of more "strong" power units, compared to which MPI motor is weak. However, it is too early to write this engine if you consider the fact that in the Russian skoda version Yeti (Family SUV) Manufacturers replaced the turbocharged engine with a volume of 1.2 liter MPI power unit with a volume of 1.6 liters with a return of 110 liters. from.

The developers of the updated engine MPI marked its indigenous difference from a predecessor with a capacity of 105 liters. s., assuring that new aggregate It belongs to the TSI family, with the only feature - lack of turbocharging and direct fuel injection.

Multi Point Injection – gas engine new type with pre-installed multipoint fuel injection system. In each cylinder, the built-in injector, as a result of which the combustible mixture is evenly and proportionally distributed around the perimeter. The inventor technology is considered to be the company's engineers. They are the first who developed an alternative to carburetor type. About how working MPI EngineAnd as far as it is effective, consider more detailed.

As far as Multi Point Injection meets modernity

A number of automakers in Europe, Asia believe that such a type has no future, since the rapid development of technology will quickly leave behind the "novelty". Partly this is true. Actively develops and supports MPI only the Volkswagen concern and its structural divisions, including ŠKODA. Business card: Engine with volumes 1.3, 1.4 and 1.6 liters.

The main feature of the power unit in the absence of a turbocharged supercharger. The design is simple and intuitive:

• gasoline pump feeding a combustible mixture in the intake manifold under high pressure. The working indicator is three atmospheres;
• through the inlet valve, the fuel fuel enters the cylinder, where there is ignition, the removal of waste gases.

Multi Point Injection is equipped with a water cooling circuit of a combustible mixture. It sounds unusual, it is difficult to imagine, but the system works successfully. The presence of a non-standard design is explained by the fact that over the head of the cylinder block increased temperature, and the fuel comes under low pressure. The consequences of negative, risk of boiling, the formation of a gas-air traffic jam. Without third-party cooler, the operation of the power unit is impossible.

Benefits MPI

• easy design. Obviously, such engines are easier than power units equipped with TSI with turbochargers, but not a carburetor type. A number of repairs owners are carried out independently, without resorting to the help of specialists of a hundred. Explicit savings on monthly service;
• the loyal attitude of the system to the quality of fuel. With regard to the CIS countries, where the fuel is not always "good", this option is acceptable. The power unit is quite comfortable working on gasoline of the AI-92 brand;
• the average service life to overhaul is 300,000 km. Such numbers give the manufacturer. In practice, the resource is less than 50,000 km. Few people take into account the factor timely replacement motor oil, cleaning elements, refueling with high-quality fuel;
• minimum risks associated with overheating;
• the possibility of mechanical adjustment of the ignition advance angle;
• the design involves the presence of rubber supports over the engine. This allows you to quench the oscillations, vibrations in the process of work.

Disadvantages of MPI

• increased fuel consumption. The factor is quite controversial, one can interpret it in different ways. Compared from it increased by 7%. Many potential buyers frightens it, repels;
• low torque indicator, and as a result, the average power factor. Fuel mixture Mixed directly in the inlet channels, and not in the cylinders. It is not atypically for most designs, it causes misunderstanding in TSI designers.

Cars with pre-installed MPI are not considered abrupt, fast, active. Rather, the average level is for connoisseurs of a slow drive, family holiday.

Statistics of sales on the CIS and the Russian Federation, including, shows that the owners of the priority still remains the power indicator than practicality.

Characteristic signs of MPI faults

• reduction of power in the ride process;
• increased fuel consumption;
• on Central dashboard Signals the indicator about the presence of a fault "Check Engine";
• of exhaust pipe Overlook blue, white or black. At the same time, this indicates a faulty injector and fuel equipment;
• unstable work at idle;
• difficult launch on the "cold";
• increased working sound, vibration.

Frequent causes of breakdowns

• violation, ignoring the timing of technical inspection;
• third-party technical (mechanical) damage, accidents, collisions, strikes;
• installation of non-original parts, components, consumables;
• refueling with poor quality fuels with a high content of chemical impurities;
• violation of the rules for using the machine, the power unit;
• inconsistency of temperature modes, oil viscosity indices;
• systematic loads over the norm.

Difference TSI and MPI

(double behind the layer injection) - TSI abbreviation is so deciphered. Engineers filed such interpretation volkswagen. At the initial stage. After, renamed Turbo Stratified Injection. Now the abbreviation is used by many concerns, only with the addition of several letters for differences.

Differences between the two types:

1. TSI has a regular inflation system. In the engine at the same time there may be two supercharger: a turbocharged compressor and a mechanical type;
2. mPI lacks superchargers, they are not provided with design. If it comes to MPI, implies atmospheric type power units;
3. TSI puts forward a number of requirements for motor Oil, viscosity coefficient, replacement periodicity;
4. in TSI, fuel is injected directly into the cavity of the cylinder. For this, a special form is made, pistons, fuel injectors;
5. the MPI fuel comes in initially in the intake manifold, after which the cylinder at the time of opening valves. For such a design, the presence of a gasoline pump is not at all, since the standard pressure is enough to supply fuel.

When breakdowns occur, the MPI repair will be cheaper than the TSI cheaper. This factor has a lot of power, for many potential owners, it is fundamental.