Coloring car bodies. Paintwork materials for painting cars: what to choose? Glifthali varnishes and paints

How is painting?

Painting the car is made in several stages. The first stage is preparatory. It includes:

• removing parts from plastic;
• rust and old removal paint coating with damaged surface;
• primer all parts providing reliable protection from the negative effect of the external environment;
• surface coating with putty.

At the next stage, using a computer program, the optimal column of paint for cars is selected, after which you can move directly to painting.

This stage is key. The body of the car is immersed in a special chamber. It is in it in a stream of air, purified from dust occurs painting and drying. This procedure is very economical, since the re-color is definitely not needed, and environmentally safe.

In addition to direct painting, we will be ready to offer you a number of additional services, namely:

• restoration of various body elements: bumper, hood, roofs, etc.;
• painting body in any color after repair work.

If you contact us, and complete, and partial painting of the car in Moscow will cost you enough to you, because we use inexpensive, but very high-quality dyes, so the end result is not inferior to the one that can be obtained in the factory.

The benefits of painting in our company

Benefits

Life warranty

Repair of any complexity

Valuation of the cost of photo on-line

Own laboratory of color colors

The possibility of presence in repair

Payment by map

However, the optimal combination of the quality and cost of the color of the car in Moscow is not the only advantage that you will receive by contacting our company.

All work Our masters are performed using a special tool and equipment itself. high level. We only work with the materials of the best world manufacturers. High-quality body painting allows you to fully restore the protective properties of the decorative coating. Your car will not only look like a new one, but also will serve faithfully for many years.

Our masters have the necessary qualifications and have extensive experience, they can paint the car of any class. Each client is guaranteed attentive and polite attitude. All work carried out in the repair and painting process is provided with a guarantee. Painting is made in the shortest possible time.

Are you still thinking? Although Moscow is a big city, hardly somewhere else you will be offered to make painting cars for more favorable conditions. Take advantage of our offer - and you yourself make sure that.

Elegant, durable and hermetic "clothing" for car body is created for many decades. In the history of the automotive industry, the most different types Colors, and just a few of their varieties reached this day. And they differ on a variety of characteristics.

Paint (enamel) is heterogeneous, it consists of a whole set of components. The main is the so-called pigment, which is solid particles that give the material of a certain color. These particles are associated with liquid base - a resin natural or synthetic origin. To achieve the necessary consistency (viscosity), a solvent is injected into the paint before it is applied. When the paint layer is laid on the surface, it becomes "unnecessary" and evaporates.

Enamel properties - adhesion, hardness, optimal parameters Drying - depend on the type of ground resin. Depending on this, the car crashes today "roughly" are divided into nitro, alkyd and acrylic.

The first autocrasors known since the production of Ford T were produced on a nitroglycerin basis. Thanks to the ability of solvents, they quickly evaporate quickly dried at low temperatures. Nitroemali is almost not used in the automotive industry and\u003e auto repair, as they do not provide the necessary surface gloss, and the paint layer has a small thickness and low plasticity. It uses only repars of rare cars, on the body of which at one time they were applied by 14 or more layers of nitroemali. Now mainly alkyd and acrylic paints are used. About them and talk more.

Alkid.

The revolution in the industry of paint materials for cars produced synthetic paints on a nitrocellulosic basis, widely known as alkyd enamels (they are sometimes called "synthetics"). At one time, such colors were used on car assembly conveyors and repair shops. In the Soviet years, alkyd-melamine enamel ML-12, ML-197, ML-1110 was widespread.

Alkyd paints are applied easier than nitroemali, due to the smaller fraction of the solvent, lay on the surface with a thicker layer (on average 15-20 microns), are quite elastic, they are not afraid of gasoline. However, with all its advantages, they are not very resistant to atmospheric influences - acid precipitation, ultraviolet radiation.

Paints dry out due to evaporation from their composition of solvents, as well as resin oxidation at contact with oxygen contained in the air. This can occur both at low temperatures - 20-30 ° C and at higher - 100-130 ° C. Drying time depends on the temperature - so, at 120 ° C, the "synthetics" dries 1 hour, at 80 ° C - 2 hours, at 50 ° C - 3-4 hours. The use of accelerators that intensify the process of evaporation of the solvent, reduces drying time halve. Some car masters love the Finnish alkyd paint of the Sadolin brand, which without any accelerators dries at 20 ° C for 8-10 hours.

In the domestic car service, in addition to Sadolin, alkyd paints of the brands of Helios, Vika ("Russian paints"), MIPA, and others are not used in Europe, the enamel of this type is not used from environmental considerations. In Ukraine, despite the seeming archaic, they do not leave the market, as in other countries with a morally obsolete fleet. Because of this, the proportion of alkids in the global production of auto-emals is quite large - up to 50%.

Acrylic

The next generation of paints - enamel based on polyurethane and acrylretan resin, and the latter under the generally accepted name "Acrylic" received widespread recognition. Repair acrylic enamels are called two-component (they are denoted by the index 2k), because they are formed from two components - according to acrylic paint and hardener. They are mixed immediately before painting.

The drying process proceeds somewhat differently than alkyd paints. The main role is not playing the evaporation of the solvent (although it is also present), but the process of polymerization of the resin as a result of a chemical reaction with a hardener. Due to this, the paint can dry even at 15 ° C, although to reduce the drying time, the temperature is raised to 80 ° C. Theoretically, the use of the accelerator is possible painting and at 5 ° C, however, to ensure high quality coating at such a temperature is unrealistic.

Two-component enamels for one pulverizer pass can fit on the surface with a thick layer (up to 60 microns), although this does not always have a need - and a thinner film (40-50 microns) without additional protection has sufficient strength, hardness, elasticity and chemical resistance. In addition, after the polymerization, acrylic enamel is well polished and makes it possible to repaint a car without negative consequences. In general, the features of two-component acrylic paints make it possible even in the conditions of repair shops to create a coating, which is close to the factory.

It is worth noting that the truckraks of a number of brands - Glasurit, PPG, Sikkens, Spies Hecker, Standox, Lechler, etc. - today are produced exclusively on an acrylic basis. Products this type There is also an assortment not so masty-made manufacturers who are more famous for our alkyd enamels.

Color with "remote"

The so-called solid residue, which determines the thickness and color of the enamel film on the body, can actually be not entirely solid. There are already paints (truth, very expensive), which after applying are in amorphous state. The orientation of the particles of their solid sediment in the paint layer can be controlled by creating an electric field in it. In this case, one pole controlled using the electrical displacement is connected to the metal of the body, and the other is directly to the paint layer. The particles change their position, so the characteristics of the refraction of light in the paint layer are changing and, accordingly, the color of the coating changes!

NEW

Despite the fact that the domestic market is already saturated enough, new brands continue to appear on it. Not so long ago, Ukrainian buyers got acquainted with the products of several more companies.

Among them, the Italian company LECHLER, which produces two-component acrylic paints and varnishes for conventional one-photon coatings and coatings with the Metallic effect, Pearl and Chameleon. It is essential that this company with a semi-independent history, like many other manufacturers, offers a full range of materials for repair and reducing body works - putty, soils, polishing pastes, etc.

In the near future, paints will appear in Ukraine and under the already familiar brand Mixon. It is known for other types of materials that are used in other types of materials that are used when restoring the paintwork of the body. These paints are produced in Europe. The range of Mixon products includes both alkyd and acrylic enamels and paint-"metallic".

Paints and varnishes under the EUROLAK brand also appeared in Ukraine this year. They are interesting in that they are produced in Germany by order of the Ukrainian company - taking into account the characteristics of the market of Eastern Europe, but in German standards.

It introduced his new product this year in the Ukrainian market and Sadolin - Enamel Sadolin 2K Acrylic Topcoat. This is one of the latest developments. The new paint meets the highest requirements for acrylic enamels.

Watercolor for auto industry

About ten years ago, leading European automakers began to introduce car painting technology acrylic enamels on a water basis. The impetus to this was the tightening of environmental requirements. Today, such colors are covering the body of Audi, VW, Volvo, etc. In developed countries, water-based enamels have already begun to apply in some accommodation workshops. And the reason that prompted the use of this unexpected technology was high taxes from enterprises using any other solvents.

Enamels based on water-soluble resins are no different from ordinary, even dry with the same "speed". Malars such enamels like, because they do not have toxic volatile substances. However, this does not mean that such colors are completely harmless to the body of people directly in contact with them. Unfortunately, Ukrainian cars for a number of reasons will not yet soon will use water-soluble acrylic authemals.

"Metallic" and "Pearlmut"

To get the paints "Metallic" and "Pearlmut", a special pigment paint is used, which is characterized by transparency. It is injected into its composition, which are capable of reflecting light than and create the "Metallic" effect when inserted in the layer of paint of light rays. The shade of color changes depending on the angle of view. A layer of varnish is applied over this enamel, which gives the coating visually greater depth and performs the function of the protective layer. The paint with a reflective effect has a complex composition - this is a combination based on polyester resins with the addition of melamine resin and cellulosic ether.

Two-layer coating, i.e. Paint under the layer of varnish is increasingly found when using conventional homogeneous paints without the "Metallic" effect. Disseminating this technology in last years It helps to reduce the cost of varnish, as well as the desire to achieve that the coating is not only spectacular, but also durable. The layer of varnish has a thickness of 60 microns, so you can apply the paint with a thinner layer - 15-20 microns.

The "mother-in-law" differs from "metallic" primarily soft glitter. It is achieved by the fact that the light penetrating the light is reflected from smaller particles, which in the thick of the paint are placed multilayer. The particles are used translucent iron mica scales, painted metal oxide. Pearl coatings can be two- and three-layer, i.e. With one or two layers of the enamel base of a certain color and a layer of transparent varnish.

To say that you are pleasantly surprised when you hear on the phone or read the cost of the local painting of the details of your car or, all the more complete painting, it means nothing to say.

Technology painting a car

And you need to paint. It has already been time to complete the painting of the car, or there was a situation where you need to do with it further. Output? There is always a way out. It is in painting the body of the car with his own hands. Do not worry, everything will turn out. Just before proceeding with painting, practice on the old body detail, which in excess around any garages.

Let's start with the fact that I will open "Mystery". Auto painting technology has general principles of actions, no matter whether you want to produce, or painting in Metallic, paint the body item or implement.

The difference will be only in the selection of materials for painting and time that you spend. Do not forget to turn on here material and time for training painting. A little longer, a little more of the materials, but the acquired experience is worth it.

So, the technology of painting cars we are consecrated to such directions:

• Stages of car painting.
• The order of car painting.
• Technique painting a car.

And conventionally because these directions of action can change or organically complement each other.

Stages of painting a car

Preparation of material and equipment. What do you need to paint the car? Materials for painting: putty, primer, paint and varnish depending on the area and your choice of car color. Standard.

The main elements of the equipment are: grinders with circles, construction hairdryer, paintopult, compressor, sandpaper, grinding plans.

Body preparation.This stage includes: a body washing, dismantling all that does not need painting, repair of body parts if necessary, preparation of the surface to spacious, spit, primer surface.

Everything, your car is ready to paint. But for this you need preparation. Instructions for painting the car directly indicates the presence of an ideal clear place when applying paint and varnish. Here we will make such a paint chamber from the garage.

Preparation of space. The stage of which is rarely said - this is the preparation of a room for painting. This place is the garage. The standard garage 3x6 is not suitable for full painting, but for the local painting of body parts it is perfect. Machinery car painting completely, requires at least 4x6 meters size.

I clean everything too much and produce general cleaning of the room. With a vacuum cleaner and "dichlorophos" in the summer. Thus, we eliminate the possibility of dust, garbage and insect to spoil your efforts on painting cars at the lacquer coating phase. Walls, floor, ceiling wet water. Puddles should not be anything, but also dry places.

As an option: Garage from the inside, after complete preparation of the body to paint, can be covered with a plastic film. For this you only need to have a tape and film.

Order painting car

The order of the car's painting for each master is yours, but, nevertheless, there are basic principles that should be adhered to. All removable details need to be removed and painted them locally. It concerns doors, optics, handles, moldings, etc. Those. The car body should remain "naked".

Painting parts need to start with internal or hidden surfaces. Outdoor painting is carried out last time, and it begins with the roof of the car.

Technique painting a car

Car painting equipment for different species Painting is also no particularly different. If you use an aerosol cylinder to remove chips and cracks, the instruction on the application of the cylinder is shown on it.

When painting a car, paint is important to withstand general rules Painting techniques. They do not differ in difficulty, but the quality of the layers depends on their execution, and in the end, appearance Auto.

• For applying paint. Recommended No. 1.4. It all depends on the paint.
• Choosing a compressor pressure. As a rule, the optimal is 2.5 - 3 atm.
• The distance of the sprouting nozzle from the stained surface is 150-250 mm.
• Layers of application. 2-3 paint layers are recommended. Movement of application must be uniform and it is important not to overdo it with a layer thickness to avoid inclination. Otherwise, this place will have to repaint completely. The gaps between the application of the layers should be 15-20 minutes for paint drying.

Opinion expert

Ruslan Konstantinov

Expert on automotive topics. He graduated from IzhSTU named after M.T. Kalashnikova in the specialty "Operation of transport and technological machines and complexes." Experience professional car repair for more than 10 years.

After painting, the coating is subject to different impacts for several weeks, despite the fact that the lacquer is hardening after a couple of days. Average better car Not to exploit after painting at least one and a half weeks for optimal crystallization of paint and creating film on the surface. At this time, it is impossible to use brushes for dust sour cream, exclude direct sunlight and atmospheric precipitation. If there is no time to withstand the time, then it is worth avoiding trips through country tracks and long-distance. As for polishing, it is possible to engage in this procedure only a month after painting. Prior to that, it is possible to use conventional gentle care products with wax content.

Many motorists are wondering: when you can wash the car after painting and not harm the LCP. Wash the car and even more so washing high pressure You can only after two weeks. Someone ishes the car after a couple of days, but in this case the likelihood of damage to the coating is high, especially if you wash it incorrectly. First of all, at least a month you need to exclude detergents with aggressive chemical composition, and household chemicals cannot be used. It is desirable at first to use a soft sponge and clean water, better if it is running. It is not necessary to wash the car in the sun, since water drops can become real lenses and heated separate sections, therefore, damaging LCP.

Here, in fact, this is the technology of painting a car. After painting in 98% of cases require a car.

Good luck to you, lovers of their car.

Paintwork is a way to protect your vehicle From corrosion, external climatic and mechanical factors, an important element of the exterior. The visual perception of the car depends on both the body, the visual perception of the machine depends - this is known to every motorist.

As a result, paint for painting auto element that defines the design. Correctly select the color for the car - it means to provide the body and disk protection and an attractive exterior. And the moment of choice should be interested in not only how much car paint, but its appearance and operational characteristics.

Types of enamel: chemical composition

Automotive enamel, depending on the chemical composition, may refer to one of three varieties:

• alkyd;
• acrylic;
• melaminoalkide.

Each paint for painting cars has its drawbacks and advantages. By making a decision to choose which paint to choose for your car, we proceed from the tasks that we set.

Alkyd enamel

This type of auto enamel is made on the basis of alkyd resins. This paint for cars is convenient because it does not need to create special conditions.

For full painting It is not very often applied - after its application, it will be necessary to cover the car with varnish and polish. For the machine most often used for local paintwork.

Experts celebrate this type of advantages:

• rapid drying;
• democratic prices;
• high level of protection;
• ease of use.

The main disadvantage of alkyd materials is the most rapid drying, as a result of which they do not dry out very uniformly. Therefore, it is recommended to use or an aerosol option when staining, in which the substance is sprayed from the canopy. This gives a small thickness of the layer, which is positively affected by the quality of the coating.

Acrylic enamel

Acrylic enamel is most often used in painting works for the car. There are two ingredients in its composition - pigment and hardener. After they enter into a chemical reaction, enamel drying occurs.

If we talk about the advantages that are characterized by such paint for painting cars, the following factors can be called:

• after staining, you do not need to cover the surface with varnish;
• high level of protection against aggressive media;
• short drying time;
• the possibility of correction of defects in the process of staining.

The disadvantages of this type of enamel are only two:

• high price;
• the need to apply to several layers.

Melaminoalkide enamel

Melaminalkid paint for the machine refers to factory types of coating. Consider this by deciding what to choose enamel to work at home. This is explained by the fact that the polymerization requires special conditions. It dries at elevated temperatures in the range from 110 to 130 0 S.

The melaminalquid paint for painting the car has the following advantages:

• durability and reliability;
• a large number of colors and effects options.

At the same time, the main disadvantage is that you cannot order it for staining in your own garage.

Types of surface after staining

When determining how to choose paint for the car, consider that the surface can be:

• glossy. The car will brightly glitter, reflecting the sun's rays. Such a type of surface is possible when you select any paint for cars, except for alkyd - if it is used, you will need to additionally cover the surface with varnish and polish;
• matte. This surface does not shine and does not reflect objects. Achieving this effect is possible when using alkyd enamels and special matte varnishes;
• metallic. A special pigment is added to the enamel, which gives a metallized shine. Staining of this type has its own difficulties - it is better to entrust professionals;
• chameleon.

The car's painting car performs an important function of preventing the body from corrosion, protection against atmospheric influences and in addition, giving the aesthetic type. If we consider that the body in the car is the most expensive component, then its preservation for the owner is the first priority.
Next, consider the most common cases in which the painting of the car is required with the process of painting process and recommendations in its conduct.

Option first. In painting need separate removable parts of the body.

Always the easiest Painting option is precisely for removable parts (Figure 1) for a number of reasons. In this case, it is not necessary to highlight the transition line from the surface to be painted and already painted surface. Beautiful element is painted entirely. When painting, there is a possibility without any special problems to change the position of the installation of the part during painting and set it optimally for applying a paintwork. With a slight area of \u200b\u200bremovable part, you can not apply a paint chamber. For achievement best result You can use a separate part of the room curtained with plastic film.

Picture 1

Option second. In painting, parts of the body not subject to me.

If it is possible to paint a part of the body (Figure 2), you need to decide on the transition line. As a rule, this is a separate element or flex line, fractures, modified. This rule only emphasizes, the fact that the local painting of the body is very complex. It is very difficult to paint so that imperceptible transitions from freshly painted surface, previously painted were not visible. Although it is possible. It is worth saying that the competently made partial color with the transition is almost impossible to see. The cost of the truth of the local painting is not much smaller than the whole detail, because Despite small sizes, this case will be, but repair with a good concrete will be impaired.

Figure 2.

Technology for the preparation of the surface and applying paint and varnish.

In this case, consider the beginning of painting work with the preparation of the surface for the application of primer and so on. Flowing procedures, if required by repairing body richt, editing, putting out putty and restore forms. These work refers to body repair and will be described in the relevant section.

Preparation of the surface for painting

Surfaces to be painted must be cleaned from old paint or high-qualityly shaded. The surface should be homogeneous without holes and crude sections from old paint. Cleaning the surface, depending on the stage, can be performed by manual huty machines. Applying discs at the initial removal of old paint and at the final stage of grinding paper on the roller installed in the drill. After that, the surface is cleared of the dust of the old paint and degreases with a solvent.
Additionally, I wanted to say about putty. A layer of putty more than 1-2 mm is not acceptable, it is impossible to "sculpt" the body from the putty, it is intended only to restore the surface correctness, and not for the design of new elements from it. At the thick layer of putty, the likelihood of internal stresses, cracking, and as a result, paint damage after staining is high.

Primer body.

The primer is applied directly to the putty or on steel and galvanized tin. Before applying the primer on an aluminum or plastic surface, we recommend pre-apply specialized primer and only after that apply the second layer of primer under painting. After applying the primer, waiting for a complete drying from 2 hours to 24 hours depending on the type of primer and drying temperature.

Choice of paint for car staining

One of the most important, but not the last component to contact the company which has prestructive in the selection market, and rather contact a highly qualified specialist. Computer selection is a self-satisfaction. The computer in the machine code gives only the formula-embedded in it (6 grams of blue plus 3 grams of yellow plus 1.7 medium grains, etc.), and does not spend spectral analysis with decomposition on the composite and features of your car's paint. Paint codes can be viewed in the article "The car's paint code" color should be brought by a colorist, according to the faded sample from the car, peering into the prepared paint and paint on the car. Moreover, the colors must be compared in the light of a special lamp of daytime / evening light. It is from his experience that the approximate similarity of the repair paint has depends on the one that you have by car.
Before the color it is necessary to make a test-hit the paints you purchased or are going to purchase. And then the nuances begin to pay special attention. So the colorist in the paint store tests the tests at a pressure in the 2.1 Bar pistol, and you or a painting in the service charges the 2.5 Bara gun - the color will be lighter. Colorist spiled from a distance of 20 cm, and you or a painter with 40 cm. Nuances mass and all when painted are important.

Painting body car

Painting can be produced as one-component, that is, directly applying to primer and everything, or represent a 2 -3 layer paintwork, usually characteristic of metallic color. Currently, multilayer coatings are used for most cars, which are the most wear-resistant chemically resistant and highly aesthetic. After applying paint, in the case of single-component paintwork, it is considered completed immediately after painting. In the case of multilayer paints and varnishes, paint is coated with varnish. Drying paint depends on its type and drying temperature, indicated in the instructions of the attached to the paint.
Since the applied paint is a color background for the body of your car, it is the problems that have arisen during its application are the most significant in the entire process of painting. The following are the basic possible defects and signs in which they could arise.

Protruding spots from putty drawing 3

• Too much hardener in putty
• The hardener in putty is badly stirred.

figure 3.

Formed bubbles on the surface layer of paint Figure4

• remnants of water from grinding in the corners, edges, bends, cavities and under decorative planks;
• water used during grinding has too greater hardness;
• contaminated compressed air;
• bad insulation of polyester materials;
• high humidity (over 80%);
• the formation of condensate due to sudden temperature fluctuations during the painting process;
• not observance of drying time.

Figure 4.

Wrusting the base, possibly cracking when drying Figure 5

• not dried, did not harde the preceding layers of paint materials applied;
• too thick layers of preceding paint materials.

Figure 5.

Incompatibility of LKM Figure 6

• mixing enamels made on various incompatible or partially compatible binders (resins).
• Recommendations for the applicability of one paint to another must be verified in the instructions for use on the cylinder the can of paint.

Figure 6.

Traces of grinding in the coating enamel - Risks Figure 7

• grinding pre-primer with grinding paper inappropriate (too coarse) grain;
• insufficient isolation of putty before applying coating enamel;
• too low viscosity of the coating enamel.

Figure 7.

Poor spreading (shaggy surface) Figure 8

• unsuitable (too high) viscosity
• inappropriate application technology, operating temperature
• using inappropriate diluent

Figure 8.

LATE (droplets flowing paint) Figure 9

• unsuitable - too low viscosity, spraying technology, intermediate exposure time and application thickness
• inappropriate pistol - sprayer (nozzle), pressure
• too cold material, base or too low indoor temperature
• using inappropriate diluent or hardener

Figure 9.

Formation of depression with a significant area (crater) Figure 10

• remains wax, fats, silicone
• contaminated compressed air due to condensate or oil residues
• use of silicone polishing agents or aerosols
• insufficiently purified surface before making LKM

Figure 10.

Applying a varnish on the car body.

The final stage with a multilayer coating is varnish. Apply at least one layer, but more layers only improve the appearance and operational indicators of the paint coating. Colorless coatings smooth and create the effect of a smooth transition between areas with an old and fresh coating.
In the article, we only described painting technology and defects that may arise on the fact of its end or in the process of it. A specific example, to carry out painting works, you can pump in the article "Repair of a plastic bumper with your own hands"

After the final painting, the car should not be washed within a month if it winter time and at least two weeks in the summer. To prevent scratches and scratching on painted surfaces.
For information. Always easily pick up the darker colors of the paint than bright. Selection of paints for bright body tones is a challenge. As a result, it is worth the greatest success accordingly to count if the car has a dark painting.

Memo on security during work on painting body.

When carrying out relief and paintwork, use the means of protection. Special clothing, gloves, glasses, respirator.

Price - Quality when painting a car

If you want to achieve the factory quality, know what you need experience. No one says that you ultimately do not work out, but how much time and efforts you spend on it, it is big question.
It is also not worth saving on to share work, that is, to order paint yourself and deliver it to the painter. The painter can always say: "That they say, what kind of paint you brought - this is the result!" It is better to show the defect of the Malars and ask: "How much does it cost that it was not necessary?" Not wonder, but more reliable. Then they will disappear the crossbows of the paints and sellers of paint, and you are like a runner between them! Demand will be C. end result And with a specific person.
At the end, it is worth saying the capital truth about painting the car, which is primarily a difficult choice: the price is quality, and then the technical issues come out.