As a basis was taken by Fiat-124 1966. The design was finalized, taking into account the Soviet conditions - increased ground clearance, Strengthened suspension and body, rear disc brakes are replaced by drums as more resistant to contamination and durable, added "starter curve" (engine factory handle). Outside, an outdoor rearview mirror appeared (left), door handles became recessed. The engine design was changed - the camshaft was transferred to the head, the distance between the cylinders was increased (so that their diameter could be increased). The mass of the car increased by 90 kg. A total of more than 800 changes were made.

First VAZ-2101 in AvtoVAZ Museum

April 19, 1970 on the main conveyor of Volzhsky car factory The first car was assembled. The very first copy of the conveyor from the conveyor Italian chef Benito Guido Savoi. The assembly was attended by the mechanic of the Volzhsky Automobile Plant V. Vuryyazhnyuk, I. Osipov, V. Gusev, V. Orlyikhin and V. Glazunov. After 19 years of operation, the first commercial car took an honorable place in the Museum of the Volga Auto Plant.

This car is the initial representative of the entire classics of vases. In fact, VAZ 2101 and the following modifications received excellent adaptation to the roads of the USSR in a foreign car - Fiat 124 1966. However, the VAZ 2101 engine was more progressive, thanks to the top of finding the camshaft in the head of the cylinder block. The clearance was increased by 30mm, the suspension had to recycle and strengthen. The modification of the body of the VAZ 21011 (1974), which received much more convenient front seats and progressive control mechanisms, and still the ashtrays, which were transferred from the rear armrests, and began to be behind the door panel. Also, this modification was supplemented with a more powerful 69-strong engine that had a working volume of 1.3l. These machines have another radiator grille with frequently encountered cross-moving horizontally, in the lower part of the front panel there were 4 special slots for ventilation. Bumpers VAZ 2101 began to produce without fangs and on them all over the length are rubber overlays.

On the body racks VAZ 2101, the rear began to have holes of the special exhaust ventilation of the cabin, which were covered with original lattices, stop signals and turn signals received reflectors. On the car began to install a signal rear stroke. After some time, the VAZ-21013 version was made, having a body 21011 and a 1.2-liter Motor VAZ 2101. "Militia" version of the VAZ-21016 received a powerful 71-strong (77l.s. toast GOST) Motor VAZ-2103.

The export version of the car was called LADA 1200. Over 57 thousand cars were sent to the countries of the Socialist Commonwealth - GDR, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, Hungary and Yugoslavia. Soon "Lada" appeared on the roads of Germany, France, Great Britain, Austria, Switzerland, Egypt and Nigeria.

The manufacture of the car VAZ 21011 was stopped in 1981, and the VAZ 2101 stopped producing in 1982. Next began to make only the type of "penny" VAZ-21013 began to produce.

Once, in the middle of the sixties, Dad came from work and said:

We will buy Fiat!

What is it - Fiat? Any Soviet child of the sixties knew perfectly well that cars were only three types: Zaporozhets, Moskvich and Volga. Not counting, of course, different cases, as well as extremely rare cases, parked before embassies and other representative offices.

The table of the ranks of those times was quite understandable. Doubt in the superiority of the Volga over Moskvich or Zaporozhet, it simply could not have not changed - why argue about the advantage of a big salary before little? Below the authority was the solid price of GAZ-21: 5602 rubles! Moskvich-408 - simpler and cheaper: 4511 rubles 27 kopecks. Well, Zaporozhets is an already lifelong reason for ridicule: even in the era of the deficit. "Humpback" last model It cost 2400 rubles, but who changed it new, "eared", walked 3000. Other cars in nature, as it were, there were no. True, in the international lottery of the solidarity of journalists, another exotic was played - Geadre Wartburg, and Czechoslovak Skoda, but the average resident of the country did not even seek about what, in general, it is in question.

The news that a certain fourth car will soon appear on the roads, which for quality, mass and accessibility will score all the others, did not leave anyone indifferent. It was not just about a new small car: the prospects for other automotive era were issued - with hospitable car dealerships, civilized service, the highest quality and something terribly tempting. It was required a little - to build a new plant and ... and, in general, everything!

Soviet man construction workers do not scare. The remains of the flooded Stavropol were crossed in honor of Palmyir Togliatti (Italian Communist, who recently died in Yalta). Then, on no one, not yet known VAZ declared a set of personnel, simultaneously elapsed actually new town, providing vazovists both apartments and imaginary salaries. Moreover, new structures with an emblem in the form of ancient Russian rook are equipped throughout the country - shops, car services. And it was, of course, great. Communism seemed due to the horizon.

However, at first the fate of Fiat did not work out. Loiskoye, Zhiguli (Zhigul, Zhigul, Zhiguliy) only increased Skepticism - the Italian new buyer met very coldly. Sirls that were expected in 1970 Moskvich-412, contemptuously ignored postcards, inviting them to acquire them instead of a normal car-2101 machine. Garage "Soviets of Elders" also trembling over an imported "toy" - they say that for a car, which can not even unscrew the wing? And the first Zhiguli, which appeared "in humans", generally caused bewilderment: And what are they some matte? This then it turned out that the owners who had fallen from excess feelings were in no hurry to remove the protective wax layer from the machines. Skepticis contributed to the price - "Affordable" toy with a Hungarian radio was worth 5605 rubles! Truth, new Volga GAZ-24 At this time, there was already a dizzying price tag at 9150 rubles, so heading the price table about the ranks "Zhigulenka" was not given ...

But then everything was on Bulgakov. Remember, in the "Master ...", when the lady's shop opened in Varieta and from there "Brunette came out in such a dress that a sigh was swept around the partner" ... and then it broke through ... ". So here - it broke well, and disbelief overnight collapsed. It very quickly turned out that the new, glittering in the sun's sun, it is elementarily started in the cold, easily put an arrow of the speedometer to the right to failure, know how to silently close the doors, and do not have competitors in some comfort. The only thing that VAZ-2101 is easy to put three passengers to the back seat, instantly translated the Togliatti car to the category of universal. On this - both at the cottage, and to work, and on vacation, and to the store, and with the mistress, and just drive along the highway. The possession of the Zhiguli for many years has become an indisputable sign of the respectability of the owner. If you have a zhiguli, then you are all right.

The first "Zhigul", in general, was very different from his Italian relative. Upper camshaft, rear drum brakes, altered suspension, increased ground clearance. However, any bolt, on the head of which a joyful vazode found the inscription Fiat, confidently worked on the western image of "zero-first" - in the mind of the absolute majority of consumers it was a full-fledged foreign car. It should be noted that the whole fasteners for new cars did on "their" standards with harsh tolerances: once the prolonged connection itself was never broken. (Although the plant soon learned these bolts to dissipate, and the "broach" operation was included in the use of anything with a broach before the launch of the rocket from the cosmodrome.)

However, I didn't want to think about anything wrong. Familiar Parents - Secured Lonely Couple - In 1970, bought a white "Zhigulenka" from the first party: I had a few times a chance to ride in it (a passenger, of course: I was only 15). Honestly, for me it was space - especially after the daddy "humpback." Father the car also liked, but he grumbled for a long time that we were so, they say, I don't need and that Zaporozhets is also a car. In general, in the end, the parents got to the debts for several years, and in June 1972, a shining father came home on new light blue zhiguli. Let me remind you that the coloring options were then seven - from the cherry to the dark green.

Honestly, in those days I never heard the term "penny". To the question of what car you have, usually answered the "first", less often - "one". On the road "The first" easily overtook anyone, and the declared 62 hp It seemed the limit of dreams. However, problems appeared, unknown earlier.

For a new car, good unidie, stitching near the service station and auto shop, immediately offered "tuning", from which it was impossible to refuse. First of all, they pushed their hands on the backbone of the body - a beautiful luggage at the same time ... opened without a key! The price of tuning - 1 rub.: For this money, you quickly screwed some kind of protective bracket to the lock mechanism. Another innovation is also for 1 rub. "The owner had paid a bad thing when the next good uncle approached with a screwdriver and showed how it was easy to unscrew the glass from the rear lights - yellow and red. The solution was simple: the fastening screws were twisted from the inside!

Characteristics

Mass-overalls

Dynamic

On the market

Other

Modifications

VAZ-21011, VAZ-21013

VAZ-2101 "Zhiguli" - Soviet rear-wheel drive car with a body of a sedan type. The first model released on the Volga automotive factory.

On the basis of the VAZ-2101, the so-called "classic" family of cars VAZ, located on the conveyor to the present, was created.

For the release of this model in May 1972, the Volga Automobile Plant was awarded the International Prize "Golden Mercury". In 2000, the VAZ-2101 was named the best domestic car of the 20th century according to the results of the All-Russian survey conducted by the journal "by the wheel". For all the production time (from 1970 to 1988), the Volga automotive plant gave life to 4.85 million VAZ-2101 vehicles of all modifications with the body of the sedan.

History of creation

In the summer of 1966, the first acquaintance of domestic specialists with an Italian car was held.

During the tests on our roads, there were major problems with the durability of the body and rear disc brakes. Little road clearance and lack of towing lycins made problematic operation of machines on the village. Soviet engineers discontent also caused a lower engine - absolutely unpromising from the point of view of the further development of the design. All comments of our specialists were taken into account by the Italian designers.

No less serious changes have undergone chassis and transmission. As a result, VAZ-2101 began to differ from Fiat 124 brakes (drumming mechanisms, calmly carrying bad roads), suspension (the front has been strengthened, rear - complete replacement to a more modern with five jet rods instead of a jet pipe), cardan transmission (introduced an open shaft with an intermediate support), enhanced clutch and the finalized synchronizer design in the checkpoint. Even in terms of the comfort of the VAZ-2101, it turned out to be better than his prototype due to the possibility of transformation of seats into full-fledged bedrooms, which subsequently appreciated the thousands of owners. Interestingly, some innovations were applied to "zero first" in order to unify the Fiat 124S luxury model (VAZ-2103). First of all, it is a trauma-safe outdoor door handles. Also VAZ-2101 received an outdoor rearview mirror. In total, over 800 changes were made in the Fiat 124 design, after which it received the name Fiat 124R. "Rusification" FIAT 124 was extremely useful for the FIAT itself, which has accumulated unique information about the reliability of its machines in extreme operating conditions.

The first six VAZ-2101 cars were collected on April 19, 1970, the rhythmic work of the main conveyor began in August. By the end of the year, 21,530 "units" were collected in Tolyatti, in 1971 this amount increased to 172,175 cars, and the peak of the VAZ-2101 came to 1973, when 379 007 copies were collected. At the design capacity, the plant came out in 1974.

origin of name

Normal 1966.

It should be noted that the Vazov firstborn turned out to be the first domestic cars to which a new sectoral document was applied - Normal it 025270-66, regulating the classification and a rolling stock designation system: each new car model or trailer is assigned an index consisting of four digits where the first is the first to designate Car class (trailer) and its purpose. The second two digits are a model. Model modifications have an additional fifth digit that denotes the sequence number of the modification. The sixth digit is the type of version: 1 - for cold climate, 6 - export performance for moderate climate, 7 - export performance for tropical climates, 8 and 9 - reserve for other export modifications. Some machines have in their designation through the dash prefix 01, 02, 03, etc., indicating that the model or modification is transitional or has additional equipment. In front of the digital index is usually put letter notation factory developed or producing this model. For example, the VAZ-21011 car index is deciphered as follows: VAZ - manufacturer: Volga Auto Plant; 21 - small class car with an engine from 1200 to 1800 cm³; 01 - The first model is registered in this class; 1 is the first modification of the base car, characterized by installing another engine, in this case, with a volume of 1300 cm³.

"Zhiguli"

There is an opinion that the name "Zhiguli" was born thanks to the competition announced by the magazine "Ruttle" in August 1968. However, according to testimonies of Vase veterans, the name "Zhiguli", proposed by the designer A. M. Black, was approved by the director of the plant V. N. Polyakov in the early 1967 year. At the same time, it was proposed to the Fiat company to develop a decorative inscription for the rear body panel.
Popular to VAZ-2101 in different time Two nicknames were glued: first - "unit", and in the late 1980s, when the model ceased to be considered prestigious, "Kopeika".

Modifications

Mass:

Regulatory:

• For exporting to the country with left-sided movement, the Volga Automobile Plant mastered the release of the two versions of Zhiguli - VAZ-21012. and VAZ-21014. (based on VAZ-2101 and VAZ-21011). They differed reinforced spring suspension front wheelsince when transferring controls to right side The mass distribution of the car turned out to be uneven.

Multi-rail:

• VAZ-21018. - rotary engine VAZ-311 (1 section), 70 hp;
• VAZ-21019. - rotary engine VAZ-411 (2 section), 140 hp;
• VAZ-2101 Pickup - As it was accepted in the USSR, the alteration of Zhiguli's defective bodies in Picaps were practiced on a vase, which were subsequently used for their own needs both within the plant itself and beyond. Machines simply cut off the entire back of the roof, the new rear wall of the cab was mounted behind the front seats, and to increase the rigidity, the rear doorways became unnecessary, the rear doorways were brewed. The carrying capacity of such pickups was 250-300 kg.

The export version of the car was called Lada 1200. Over 57 thousand cars were sent to the countries of the Socialist Commonwealth - GDR, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, Hungary and Yugoslavia. Soon "Lada" appeared on the roads of Germany, France, Great Britain, Austria, Switzerland, Egypt and Nigeria.

The manufacture of car VAZ-21011 was stopped in 1982, and VAZ-2101 stopped producing in 1983. Next began to produce only the modification of the VAZ-21013, the production of which was completed only in 1988.

Limousine VAZ-2101

The VAZ-2101 car has become a source of a whole family of machines called "Classic". In almost a semi-industrial basis, "limousines" of VAZ-2101 are produced, widely used as route taxis.

Evaluation of the car

Much of Soviet car owners VAZ-2101 was for the first time. High degree Structuring and the quality of the manufacture of the car allowed it to exploit it without adherence to excessive precautions in the initial period of operation. Restrictions concerned only movement on maximum speeds During the run-in car. It is thanks to "Zhigulm" motorists learned that in a small-caltry at high speeds, without increasing the voices; that harsh winter in the car can be warm at home; that without tired, you can cover almost twice the long distances than on other domestic cars. VAZ-2101 clearly demonstrated to our motorists, how simple the winter starting engine can be. When owners of passenger cars of other brands were forced to go beam with hot water and soldering lamps, the driver of "Zhiguli" often did even without the help of a crown handle. The big merit belonged to a two-chamber carburetor DAAZ-2101. (WEBER 32 DCR.), more perfect than Soviet analogs of that time. No wonder after a few years, the domestic variations of the "Webber" began to serially equipped the products of AZLK and Izhmash. However, the "Zhigulevsky" carburetors began to appear under the hoods of "Muscovites" and even "Volga" wherever earlier - the efforts of the owners themselves, tired to fight with whims and voraciousness of full-time units of the series K-126..

Speaking about the VAZ-2101 engine, there will be no exaggeration to say that at one time he possessed the highest liter power among all Soviet cars. In combination with a reliable four-stage gearbox on "One" one could with confidence overcoming mountain serpentine with started descents and lifting. It is impossible not to note such innovation as a closed-type cooling system designed to use only antifreeze. Before Soviet cars did not have expansion tank, and their radiators most often referred ordinary waterwhich B. winter time It was necessary to merge before each parking lot - this procedure was considered a completely ordinary business. Only on the VAZ-2101, high-quality plastic materials appeared for the first time in the interior trim, which were not afraid of exposure to direct sunlight. Summarizing all the above, we can say that new technologies and new materials have come to our country and new materials, thanks to which the entire industry (and not only automotive) made a huge step forward.

Sports achivments

The sports success of "Zhiguli" was already laid in the engine itself with the distribution shaft in the head of the cylinder block. It turned out that the motor is perfectly amenable to forcing - Soviet riders received an excellent opportunity for the construction of sports cars.
VAZ-2101 debut In the sports arena, at the beginning of 1971 in Riga on the team championship of the Winter Championship of the USSR on the rally. Then - the USSR Championship on ring races, where Togliatti cars were even brought into a separate class "Lada". And in the fall of the same year, VAZ-2101 cars took part in international competitions: three Soviet crew started in the marathon "Tour of Europe-71". This rally route is laid in 14 countries of Western and Eastern Europe (including the territory of the USSR), and the total length of the distance reached 14 thousand kilometers. Following the tour team VAZ-autoexport I won the "Silver Cup" in the team competition, and the crews of Girdauskas-Madrevitz and Lukyanov-Karamyshev also awarded the awards in the personal event. The pattern of this fact was brilliantly confirmed later on "Tour of Europe-73"where teams speaking on VAZ-2101 got both gold and silver cups right away.
VAZ-2101 as a racing car was popular not only in the USSR. The British, for example, in the 80s organized a special rally championship Lada Challenge. .
Subsequently, "zero first" for many years did not go from the tracks both intra-union and international competitions, and in the amateur rally VAZ-2101 sometimes meet today.

Conquest Nürburgring

Car VAZ-2101 "Zhiguli" 1971 release prepared by the team Citimotorsport Participated in the race of historical cars held on the prestigious highway Nürburgring on October 1, 2004. The rivals of "units" were racing legends of past years: Jaguar E-Type, Lotus Elan, BMW 2002 Ti, Alfa Romeo Sprint GT, Ford Mustang and, of course, Porsche models Porsche 356 and Porsche 911. Total fifty collection machines.
"One" started at the beginning of the third tens in accordance with the result of the qualification, which was held during the rain. The first circles were not easy - on the dry highway rivals on more powerful machines One after another went around Zhiguli. Team Citimotorsport It seemed that the race was already lost, the main thing is to reach the finish. But suddenly it rained, and the power stopped playing a decisive role. The crew began to dismantle the position behind the position. First, the leader of the standings of the release of cars from 1966 went around to 1971 (the German Historical Race Championships in several stages) - Blue Alfa Romeo, speaking in class up to 1600 cm³. It should be noted that this car has already been found in those years from the factory conveyor with a two-walled engine and dual carburetors Weber. And then "unit" became one after another to overtake jaguars and Porsche! Finished the crew of the VAZ-2101 at the thirtieth position and in the first place in the classroom.
In 2010, "one" again came to the track. This time, the team of Mikhail Gorbachev took part in the competition FHR Historischer Langstrecken Cup, spent on the full version of the Nürburgring highway. The fact is that on the northern loop from 1953 to 1983, prestigious international races per 1000 km were held. They participated cars of well-known world manufacturers. Soviet cars among them were never. Today it is possible, since the Germans revived the legendary races for historic cars.
Preparation of the machine to the start was carried out with the support of the company Rossauto.. It is prohibited to modify the body according to the rules of group 1, so the white "unit" looks even more serially than the silver who participated in the 2004 race. The suspension remained standard - only shock absorbers installed Koni Sport. The engine has undergone more serious changes. It was wrecked to 1300 cm³, installed sport camshaft and two dual carburetors WEBER 40 DCOE.. Theoretically, it was in such a complete set that the car could participate in international races at the very beginning of the seventies. The main rivals of the "units" were cars with an engine capacity up to 1300 cm³, released from 1965 to 1971.
Andrei Oleinikov, a journalist and head instructor Dmitry Sokolov, and a perfectly known to the insidious route Alexey Mochanov, were presented in the crew.
In difficult weather conditions, a car, which was well managed, and athletes who did not allow serious mistakes were manifested. From the conditional classmates, the Russian-Ukrainian crew lost only to the riders on the NSU. The fundamental competitors on the Ford Escort 1300GT showed the best average speed on the circle, but the finishes were behind.
In total, the VAZ-2101 was in the race for 7 hours and 6 minutes, having spent more than 200 liters of fuel, on each circle it was accepted three times until the speed of 180 km / h (at 7500 rpm) and as a result, led by Andrei Oleinikov, saw the finishing flag ! From foreigners at the team in the asset, the fourth result, and 56th in the absolute. In total, it finished 70 cars, so in the overall "One unit" by the overall crews on Porsche and BMW. Never before that for her long sports life VAZ-2101 was not continuously in the race for as many as 7 hours.

To the cinema

VAZ-2101 cars have repeatedly participated in filming films at various platforms of the country. This car can be seen in the movies "Sportloto-82", "Mimino", "Sunday Dad", "Accident - Daughter of Ment", "especially dangerous", "Inspector of the traffic police", "Brother-2", "Game seriously", " National Security Agent "(Series" Heir ")," Streets of broken lamps "," New Adventures of the Ments "," Hitler Caput! "," Third Oakl "," Love in the Big City "and many others.

In 2002, under the slogan "The Culting Machine in Circle Passions" in the film distribution a film of Ivan's "Kopeika" was released, in which the VAZ-2101 car was played by the main role.

In 1983, "Kopeika" appeared on Western screens: in the detective "Gorky Park" on it, William Hurt's Hero traveled on it, and in 2008, the militant was "especially dangerous", shot in America by Russian director Timur Bekmambetov.

In the film "Guest from the Future" pirates for the information they need offered Kole Gerasimov: "Do you want" Zhiguli "? Imagine: so small, and already - "Zhiguli"! ".

In the game and souvenir industry

Large-scale model on scale 1:43 VAZ-2101 (A9) was produced at the Radon factory from 1977 to 1987.

• Car model VAZ-2101 (A17) patrol was produced at the Radon plant from 1978 to 1987, originally had an A9 index, but then appropriated their number. Early models had a drop-shaped flasher, later cylindrical. There were also options with megaphones on the roof.
• January 19, 2010 The release of the VAZ-2101 model took place white color In the framework of the series "Automolegends of the USSR" number 25.

Handmade

• There is a magazine series "Cults of Poland" from the publishing house "Deagostini" number 31. It has a white VAZ-2101 of the export option.
• The company "Holding Incotect" produces model Maschatab 1:43. On the models "Janitors" are made as on the right-hand drives (not from left to right, but on the contrary). With a stamp on the bottom "Made in the USSR, Made in UsSr", the inscription on the package - "Cars of Russia". List of some models: "GAI" (yellow color), "rally" (blue), "educational" (white), "Russian Post", "Standard" (green), "with trunk" (green, blue), "Taxi "(Yellow).

Monuments and monuments

on the pedestal near the UDP building DVD KKO

Literature

• Verchaigor V. A., Zeltser V. I., Pyatkov K. B. Cars VAZ. - Moscow: Transport Publishing House, 1974. - 368 p.

• Kotlyarov V. A. High thought flame. - Tolyatti: AvtoVAZ, 2000. - 357 p.
• Autolegends of the USSR. VAZ-2102 "Zhiguli" // Deagostini. : magazine. - 2010. - № 15.
• Autolegends of the USSR. VAZ-2101 "Zhiguli" // Deagostini. : magazine. - 2011. - № 25.

Sources and notes

Links

3.7 / 5 ( 3 voices)

The life of the car "VAZ 2101" received a beginning on April 19, 1970. Then the production conveyor of the Volga Automobile Plant released the first batch of six cars, opening the way to the popularity of this vehicle both in the USSR and abroad. All.

History of car

The creation of "2101" was preceded by a whole chain of organizational and technical measures, from the foundation of the plant itself, to cooperation with various foreign firms and primarily with the Italian Fiat plant.

It was Fiat 124, which was recognized as the most popular, had to become a prototype of a new Soviet car. But in the process of developing a new concept and testing Fiat 124, a discrepancy was identified technical characteristics last conditions Roads in the Soviet Union:

• With intensive use of body and weak suspension did not provide the desired strength;
• Clearance was understated and did not meet the demand of off-road;
• There were no elements providing the towing machine with a breakdown on the road.

As part of close cooperation, Italian engineers took an active part in the development of a new model and was carried out more than eight hundred changes. For example:

• The rear wheels received drum brakes suitable for bad roads;
• Fully changed the design of the rear suspension;
• The front suspension was enhanced;
• Enhanced clutch and improved the operation of the synchronizers of the gearbox "2101";
• The salon could become sleeping, thanks to the transformation of the armchairs;
• A new urgent engine was installed.

As a result, only appearance remained in the new car from Italian. Tests conducted with the first six machines showed reliability and good permeability, so subsequent modifications were small.

2101 - Got official name "Zhiguli" on the name of the small mountains behind the Volga near the Automobile Plant, which is located in Togliatti. The people gave the car simple, respectful, memorable name "one". Later in the 80 years, against the background of reducing prestigidity, she got the name "Kopeika". Years of release: 1970 - 1982. In total during this time, more than 2, 7 million copies were released.

Exterior

Exterior of "penny" Sedan largely corresponded to the "Fiat 124" prototype. The influence of Italian designers affected. Well-developed structural lines, body relief, elegant features demonstrated a high design culture aimed at ensuring comfort when driving and operating.

One of the leading testes of Plant Vadim Kotlyarov so expressed his feelings with a close acquaintance with the "penny":

To say that she impressed me, meaning not to say anything. She literally stunned by appearance ... The overall level of performance was so high that completely overshadowed all the minor shortcomings.

In exterior design The "2101" were brought to the door to prevent injury, the buffers "Fangs" were installed on the bumpers, on the left front wing, a round-type round mirror was installed on the driver's door, a branded logo was fixed on the radiator grille.

Dwarfs dual, include dimensions, turn signs. Features of the exterior can be considered in the photo of the model "2101". In 1974, the plant began to produce an improved model. Bumper buffers were eliminated, but a solid rubber pad was installed, new rear lights were applied, new decoration elements were used.

Car dimensions

Looking at the drawing "2101", it is necessary to recognize that the dimensions, the layout of all parts, the body elements are harmonious and corresponds to the classic scheme. This affected the fact that at present Kopeika is a long-liver, respect it, respectfully called "Classics".

Interior

The interior of the Machine "2101" preserved the principle of minimalism. The front panel represents a metal frame under a special decorative coating. It includes a rectangular block of control devices opposite the steering wheel. Heating controls, salon ventilation are rightly located:

• Ventilation channels (deflectors);
• Adjustment levers to control the heater.

The air damper levers and the heater crane provide the necessary temperature of the microclimate. Deflectors allow the air supply to the air in any direction.

Facing frame dashboard Metallized. In its plane there are: a niche for a radio receiver, a duvet box (glove box), an ashtray. Built-in ashtrays have rear doors. Under the wheel of rotation levers, light headlights, wiper. Clutch levers, gas, brakes, floor washer button Floor execution.

The inner side of the doors, ergonomic seats are decorated with high-quality leatherette. Chairs are equipped with adjustable elements with the possibility of transforming under sleeping places. A well-thought-out heating system, salon ventilation, air supply mode, eliminating fogging, wide armchairs in sufficient living space, noise insulation provided that comfort at which the driver and passengers felt satisfaction. The trunk is characterized by rationality and capacity.

Tuning car

Tuning a car usually provides for refinement, upgrading, correction of defects external view. This refers to changes in the velocity of the machine, the cabin, the chassis, engine. Usually work starts with replacement of rubber and disks. Forged discs are the most durable and reliable, but more than casting disks.

Included with wide rubber, after the reconstruction of wheel niches, they look equally impressive, but the price of the price is to solve the motorist. Additional appeal to the exterior makes good optics and backlight from LEDs, but the excessive passion will rather indicate a bad taste.

You can think about the replacement of the bumper as the most outstanding body part of the body, for example, on the volumetric bumper. It will improve aerodynamics, create a sports and causing appearance. In the cabin you can install a musical center with a subwoofer, replace the instrument panel. A significant contribution to the interior makes a hauling upholstery of the cabin, creating a special color and improving aesthetics, paying attention to the sophistication of the owner's taste.

Body "VAZ 2101" - the priority purpose of the change.Here you can choose two directions:

• Retro - For those who perceives the immutability of the external appearance of the car;
• Engineering - For lovers of modern forms in which you can express your own personality.

Here you can include:

• Enhancing body rigidity as an important part of the modernization process, to extend the life of the car and increase reliability;
• Changing the former appearance due to the installation of decorative elements, replacing the bumper, installation of the spoiler and skirts, airbrushes;
• Deep tuning machine housing is fundamentally changing design "2101".

Often the bottom "VAZ 2101" needs radical recovery. Such work requires mastery, good knowledge of body design and necessary tool set: welding semi-automatic welding in a carbon dioxide, grinder with a set of cutting and enrolls, drill, jack, wooden pads, clamps, spanners, various chisels, pliers, painting materials .

Tuning salon "VAZ 2101" - a find for a distinctive automotive designer.An extensive field for self-expression in the gamma of high-quality finishing materials is provided, for example: seats coating with natural leather covers with specials. Such a finish will give the interior of sophistication.

Revolutionary changes can be directed to:

• Harmonious selection of colors;
• Reconstruction of the driver's seat, dashboard (installation of expressive instrument scales with bright but not blinding backlight);
• Replacement of front seats on modern chairs with a wide range of adjustments, heating and ventilation attributes;
• Press rear seats anatomical forms;
• Installation climate - control;
• Installation in the trunk "VAZ 2101" subwoofer;
• Replace the mechanical lifts of brakes on electric lifts.

If the efforts embodied in tuning, time, the means brought joy to the motorist and others, then such costs can be considered a successful investment in the worthwhile business.

The engine "VAZ 2101" is subjected to tuning if the goal is to increase its power.

The method given here does not include cardinal changes Motor.

It provides:

• Replace standard air filter At Nulevik, which, according to experts, contributes to the increase in capacity by 3-5 l / s. Some argue that such a replacement is justified only under a changed "sports" engine;
• Installation of the direct-flow silencer;
• Removal of roughness in the collector, polishing the channels of the head of the cylinder block, which increases the power of the motor at 5 - 8 l / s;
• Installing a turbocharged compressor.

Specifications

Engine "2101" - a generator for all models - carburetor. The camshaft has the top location. The drive of the chain timing mechanism. Motor resource more than 18 thousand kilometers. Collected engine Together with the clutch and the PPC, it is attached to the front and rear crossing through three depreciation supports. The clutch is dry constantly closed, one-piece. Pendant independent with spring and shock absorber of telescopic type.

Modifications

• 2101 — Basic model. Four doors. "Sedan". In a very small quantity, it was produced as "limousine" and "Pickup". The capacity is 58.7 l / s.
• 2102 - "Universal". Release from 1971. in 1985 For the transport of goods and passengers. Springs and suspension shock absorbers are reinforced. The seat is folded for zoom luggage compartment. Low the outer wall of the trunk facilitated loading and loading. Power 62 l / s.
• 2103 - Interpretation of "penny". 1972 - 2005 (export version of "Lada 1500"). Salon and luxury trunk. Power 77 l / s.
• 2105 - The model laid the beginning of the second generation VAZ machines. Upgraded exterior and interior. For the first time the timing belt drive. Heating the rear window and blowing the glass of the door. PPC five-speed. 1983 - 2010 75 l / s.

Pros and cons

Pluses of cars

• Relative internal comfort;
• Good heated in winter;
• Good ventilation, noise insulation,
• Trouble-free start of the engine in the cold;
• Economical, cheap, simple repair;
• Spacious salon, spacious trunk.
• The smoothness of the stroke, good dynamics.

Cons of cars

• Unsuccessful ergonomics of seats;
• Lack of active safety;
• Limited resource to Cap.
• There is no hydraulic agent;
• Small average speed;
• Low anti-corrosion protection;
• Insufficient rigidity of the car body;
• Low camshaft resource.

The choice fell on FIAT mainly for political reasons: the Communist Party of the USSR supported the party of other capitalist developed countries, especially Italy and France. There were new jobs for foreign communist parties, and the construction of the plant in Tolyatti solved their problems .Italyan specialists and builders Built the plant, provided with all the necessary documentation. The consultation with the engineers of the Vase and participated in the development of new models. The first batch of logos was also produced in Italy, which has increased interest among collectors.

Prototype VAZ 2101 became car Fiat. 124 Models of 1966 with an engine of 1.2 liters and trim of the cabin of the initial level. In 1965, they were conquered by the title "Car of the Year".

On January 3, 1967, the construction of the Volzhsky Automobile Plant was adopted by the All-Union Shock Komsomol Construction. The people were aimed at construction, mostly it was the youth. And on January 27 of the same year, the first cubic meter of land for the construction of the first shop was taken out.

Since 1969, labor collectives have become formed, the installation of equipment produced at 844 domestic factories and 900 community factories, Firms, Germany, England, USA, France and other countries continued.

On March 1, 1970, the ten first bodies came out of the welding shop, and 19 Avpprel from the main conveyor came out first 6 cars VAZ 2101.Automobile and its modifications received the name "Zhiguli", by the name of the mountains near Togliatti.
"Zhiguli" were very similar to Fiat 124, but it was only with sight.
Cars were collected from fully localized details, without delivered from FIATA. But part of the details was made not in the USSR, but in other socialist countries. For example, in Poland in 1967, the Polski Fiat 125p was already released in 1967, he could carry Latin symbolism, which was the reason for the appearance of the legend of "Fiatovsky kopecks".
Later, the Polish fiats began to be supplied from the USSR, such as recessed door handles.
FIATA design has undergone many changes before becoming "zhiguli". In the early stages of the test, it was clear that Fiat is not for our roads. His body was very weak, he had to strengthen, like the suspension.
The road clearance was increased from 164 to 175 mm, rear disc brakes were replaced by drum, more durable and protected from sand and dirt. As the tests testified, the rear pads were enough for 500-600 km in a bad road, they simply erased to metal. Door's handles made strengthened, which made them injuries, which appeared a rearview mirror appeared outside.

The camshaft migrated to the bottom upstairs, the distance between the cylinders increased, while maintaining the operating engine of the engine of 1.2 liters, increased the diameter of the cylinders from 73 to 76 mm at a power of 64 hp.
In the transmission, the diameter of the clutch disk from 182 to 200 mm increased. Three-dimensional suspension is replaced by a five-speech. Instead of two subdomains on sides, four.
IN front bumper A hole appeared under the "curve" starter, fangs and towing eyes appeared. Seats, unlike Fiatovsky, laid out. In total, more than 800 changes were made, which was noticeably strengthened the design, and took it with 90 kg, from 855 to 945 kg.

Italian specialists, with the participation of Soviet, were made the main mass of the refinement, which made it possible to adopt experience and use in subsequent developments.

On October 28, 1970, the first echelon with "Zhigulmi" was sent to Moscow. With settlement construction of 6 years, the plant was launched 3 years earlier.

On March 24, 1971, the State Commission took the first place to put into operation, which will produce 220,000 cars per year.

In 1971, the export of "Zhiguli" was started in Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Yugoslavia and GDR. Somewhat later in Germany, France, Austria, Switzerland, Egypt, Great Britain, Nigeria.
In connection with the promotion of buyers, the name "Zhiguli" was changed to "Lada" / "Lada".

On December 22, 1973, the plant was officially adopted by the state commission on perfectly after the production of a millionth car of the VAZ brand, and the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR was awarded the Order of the Labor Red Banner.

In the 70s "Zhiguli" were the most comfortable and reliable from soviet cars. Having "Zhiguli" was prestigious, it spoke about well-being and prosperous in the family. For most of the male rope, it was a dream. Foreign roots even more attracted buyers of VAZ 2101. But nevertheless, "Zhiguli" was first, due to insufficient experience in service.

The experienced motorists confidently said that "Zhiguli" is not for our roads, but later it turned out that they were made not only for our roads, but also for our off-road.

A guarantee and service appeared! Among the positive features of "Zhiguli" were: the small volume of maintenance work, the surprise of drivers was that in winter it is not necessary to drain the water for the night, they first learned the taste of antifreeze and got wheels for all year round. Also "Zhiguli" was distinguished by smoothness, good dynamics and handling, which made it possible to overtake "Muscovites" and "Volga" forever. The salon was comfortable, the salon heater worked for excellent. It was also pleased that the fact that the USSR was learned to make fittings and high-quality fasteners, after the purchase of "Zhiguli" did not need to stretch. The quality of the assembly at the beginning of production was at the height, but in subsequent years worsened, not only on a vase, but also in the industry as a whole.

In 1974, the updated version of "Zhiguli" was released - VAZ 21011, with an engine of 1.3 liters and a capacity of 69 hp

For 13 years of production, about 3 million cars of VAZ 2101 were released. The release of VAZ 21011 was terminated in 1981, 2101 in 82, in the future only the VAZ 21013 modification was produced.

VAZ 2101 and sport.

In early 1971, a racing modification of "Zhiguli" was released, she participated in the European Rally "Tour of Europe - 71", where our team won the silver cup. With participation in the subsequent competitions "Tour of Europe - 73" Soviet athletes won gold and silver.

In the highway and ring races "Kopeika" for the first time took part in 1972 in the USSR Championship. In those days, no one else knew how to force the VAZ engines, and on the tracks had the advantage of "Muscovites". But over time, the secret of the forcing "Zhiguli" was attenuation, the riders learned how to prepare their vases, and the teams of AZLK could no longer be withstanding "kopecks" and fell behind forever.

On races of "Cup of the Friendship of Socialist countries", things were not quite good. Three Czech Racers won in any races on their factory Skoda 130 RS, only changing places in the top three. Powerful and light skodes were created specifically for the ring. Soon they switched to other European competitions, and their place was taken by other athletes from Czechoslovakia, on our freaks. They drove a lot of blood from our riders, but it was still possible to defeat them, it was proven more than once by Soviet athletes.

Interestingly, the factory riders had to be frequently to share medals with "single" from other cities. They fought a strong competition on races. And all because there was no professional sport in the USSR, they could only be engaged in defending the shift at the machine. And the sports sections of the VAZ were not divisions of the plant, but only clubs of motorists, and invaluable experiences were very rarely embodied in improving the design of serial cars.

What was the tuning VAZ 2101 in the early 70s?

Our motorists knew how to negotiate with the leaders of different major firms that had a way abroad. We were brought to reinforced and finalized camshafts specifically for competitions. Brought out different countriesAll of course was illegally, and therefore Tuning "Zhiguli" was very expensive. To someone brought camshafts, they changed to a hard suspension, they in turn were changed to other details, more reinforced. Rubber was from the "cosmos", i.e. Inaccessible, recorded in the queue for several months.

Some "Kulibins" made camshafts in their technology, changed, sold. Also made homemade magnesium discs, in Europe it was a very expensive pleasure.

Only in our time, tuning parts have become publicly available, and we can pick up any item under your parameters. Thanks to say to those people who in the early 70s were not afraid to seek more improved characteristics from their "kopecks", these were Soviet athletes and enthusiasts !!!

Look at the movie about a penny!