By the seventies, MAZ-537 tractor, produced at the Kurgan Plant of Wheel Tractors named after D.M. Karbyshev (KZT, later - OJSC "Rusich"), began to obscure morally. Then the designers of the plant led by V.A. Piskarev - began work on improving the tractor. The main direction of work was an increase in engine power. Attempts to install on the car of tank diesel engines in B-38 (on KZT-545) and D-12A-650 (on KZT-7426), experienced cars have successfully passed tests, but they did not get into the series due to the small resource of the engines.

On April 6, 1978, the decree of the CPSU Central Committee and the CFS of the USSR No. 262 was published (supported by the relevant Order of Maintoprom No. 141 of June 6), entrusted to the KPT of the development of a family of promising tractors to work with a heavy trailer. Work on the creation of a tractor was headed by the chief designer V.P. Kosov. As a result, there was a car KZT-7427 with D-12Un-650 diesel engine produced by BarnaulTransmash. In 1985, acceptance tests began, in which two experienced Ballast tractors KZT-7427 took part. But the resource and this engine turned out to be insufficient - during normal operation, the tractor would have enough for a year.

Then it was decided to apply the YAMZ-8401 engine of the same capacity of the manufacture of the Yaroslavl Motor Plant. Further work on the improvement of the tractor headed the new chief designer of the village of Yu.T. Boat. Using the experience of creating KZT-7426 and KZT-7427, a new basic model - KZT-7428. As power plant It was decided to use the YMZ-8401.10-04 engine, which by that time was already successfully applied to career dump trucks BelAZ-7540 and BelAZ-7548. In the late 1980s, KZT-7428 successfully passed all types of tests and was recommended in production.

The functions of the main bearing element took over the sparron frame, to which most mechanisms and systems are attached. As a power plant, a four-stroke twelve cylinder V-shaped applied diesel engine liquid cooling YAMZ-8401.10-14, which is located in motor compartment Behind the cab. The engine is equipped with two turbochargers and an intermediate air cooling system. Aerial system It has two filters with replaceable filtering elements. For reliable engine starting, there is a candle electro-torch EFC device.

For starting at temperatures below -15 o C applies preheater PZhD-600i. The fuel supply is placed in two main pots of 420 liters. In the system, there is a heated flowable tank with a capacity of 60 liters. For pumping fuel system Handmade PNM-1KU2 pump is installed. Transmission Hydromechanical, includes a hydrotransformer, three speed planetary transmission, two-stage disposal box and hydraulic agent (used as auxiliary brake system). On 2 and 3 transmissions, the torque converter can be blocked.

To increase the passability of intercoles differentials of the two front axles, both the mechanisms of increased friction, two rear - self-locking. Inter-axis differentials - blocked. Drive on all wheels with tires 18.00-24 "- permanent. The suspension of each wheel is independent, on transverse levers, torsion elastic elements and hydraulic shock absorbers. At the same time, two rear bridges are associated with a frame only with the help of longitudinal balancers. The steering mechanism is equipped with a hydraulic fluid. The brake system has a separate pneumohydraulic drive.

The two-row six local all-metal cabin provides the carriage of the crew of the transported technique. The cabin is equipped with heat insulation, a FIV, a dose level meter of the IMD-21B, double glazing, light-protective curtains on windows, two heating systems independently (one heater is associated with the engine cooling system, the other - autonomous) allowing the car to operate in almost any climatic zones (from -50 o C - up to +50 o C), brackets for fastening weapons.

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KZT-7428 (1988 - 1991)

(1988 - 1991)

Only after 25 years of production of MAZ-537 cars at the Kurgan plant finally appeared to them a worthy replacement - the first tractors KZT-7428 fourth generationpresenting a combination of all previous machines. These works headed the new chief designer Yu. T. Butrov. Formally, the basis of the new family was the option of KZT-7427, on which for the first time installed new force aggregate And the cabin, although the 537th series remained its initial basis. Cars of Gamma 7428 were also intended to tow all typical semi-trailers weighing up to 70 tons and operation in extreme weather and temperature conditions, and, taking into account the experience of the Afghan campaign for them, the maximum height of overcome mountain pass was increased to 4000 m.

As with intermediate experienced machines, the main design innovations of the 7428 series also became the engine and a cab. They mounted a more economical car diesel engine YAMZ-8401.10 V12 (25.86 l, 650 hp) of liquid cooling with turbocharging, a combined lubrication system with a "wet" crankcase, shielded electrical equipment and a number of new auxiliary aggregates. These include the electroplate preheater PZD-600A, a tank for preheating fuel, an additional oil cooler, an even more powerful 3-kil-coal generator and a single electrostar starting system. On vehicles stood a metal 6-seal sealed cabin with an increased roof location with a hatch, tilted forward with three windshields, folded side windows and upper quadrangular side windows. The first releases had the front amplifying brazers, since 1989, a solid welded wall of the cockpit was used since 1989. In order to increase the strength, it was re-made 2-door, and the preserved outlines rear doors Only imitated their real availability. In front of the cabin stood two individual trench seats for the driver and the crew commander, which had adjustments in length, height and tilt of the back. In the second row, four single seats were placed for the crew of towed techniques, which could be transformed into two beds. The cabin includes enhanced noise and thermal insulation, filtering installation, double glazing, two independent heating systems, light-protective curtains, radiation protection screens and brackets for personal weapons. The third and most recent original decision was replacing the longitudinal steel balancing levers of the rear trolley on multi-sized springs. From late experienced samples of KZT-7426 series 7428 got automatic choice The gap in the wheeled brakes and the two-circuit brake system. All other aggregates have practically not changed not only compared to the closest predecessors, but also with the first Minsk tractors MAZ-537.

The basic car of the new family was sadel tractor KZT-7428 without a winch collected in 1988 and had a load on hitch 27 t. When using the elongated cabin, the front Sve reached 2984 mm, the overall length increased to 10,060 mm, the height is up to 3060 mm. All this could not but affect the weight parameters that significantly exceeded the values \u200b\u200bof the model MAZ-537G with a winch: Curb weight - 23.7 tons (+1.4 t), complete - 50.7 tons (+1 t), total weight MotorPost - 93.7 tons (+3 t). Maximum speed It remained at the same level (65 km / h), the fuel control console rate returned to the early value (125 liters per 100 km), but the reserve of the course reached 1.5 thousand km, right, he took into account the contents of spare fuel tanks on the semi-trailer. Mouched road train overcame 1.1-meter ferrod and rises of steepness to 16?. The official warranty mileage of the tractor was at the level of 20 thousand km at a service life of at least five years. All other characteristics corresponded to the 537 series. The derivative seat 74281 was distinguished by the installation of a 15-ton winch with a cable length of 100 m and in general was an analogue of the machine 537. He weighed at 1.3 tons more than the base model 7428, and worked as part of road trains full mass Up to 95 tons. Ballast tractor 74282 with a winch and a metal 3.2-meter platform from the machine 74261 also had all the parameters inherited from models 537a and 537l, but was the hardest in the range of 7428 - 25.8 tons.

These three basic vehicles successfully passed acceptance tests, were adopted by the Soviet Army and in 1990 were formally enrolled in virtual serial production. Latest new machine brands KZT. soviet period In 1991, there was a special tractor 74283 with a trapped device shifted by 345 mm. All these machines were the progenitors of the KZT-7428 families producing to the present time. Since then, it has been replenished with specialized military options with new aggregates and nodes that are now entering the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. In the early 1990s, such a rainbow future was seriously overshadowed by the start of the transition to commercial versions, thanks to which Rusich OJSC hardly managed to experience the times of economic reforms, the lack of military orders, the free market and remain afloat as part of a ruined domestic military automotive complex.

Secret Cars of the Soviet Army Kochev Evgeny Dmitrievich

KZT-7428 (1988 - 1991)

(1988 - 1991)

Only after 25 years of production of MAZ-537 cars at the Kurgan plant, they finally appeared to them a decent replacement - the first tractors of the KZT-7428 of the fourth generation, which presented a combination of all previous cars. These works headed the new chief designer Yu. T. Butrov. Formally the basis of the new family was the option of KZT-7427, on which the new power unit and the cabin installed for the first time, although the 537th series remained its initial basis. Cars of Gamma 7428 were also intended to tow all typical semi-trailers weighing up to 70 tons and operation in extreme weather and temperature conditions, and, taking into account the experience of the Afghan campaign for them, the maximum height of overcome mountain pass was increased to 4000 m.

As with intermediate experienced machines, the main design innovations of the 7428 series also became the engine and a cab. They mounted a more economical car diesel engine YAMZ-8401.10 V12 (25.86 l, 650 hp) of liquid cooling with a turbocharger, a combined lubrication system with a "wet" crankcase, shielded electrical equipment and a number of new auxiliary aggregates. These include the electroplate preheater PZD-600A, a tank for preheating fuel, an additional oil cooler, an even more powerful 3-kil-coal generator and a single electrostar starting system. On vehicles stood a metal 6-seal sealed cabin with an increased roof location with a hatch, tilted forward with three windshields, folded side windows and upper quadrangular side windows. The first releases had the front amplifying brazers, since 1989, a solid welded wall of the cockpit was used since 1989. In order to increase strength, it was again 2-door, and the preserved outlines of the rear doors only simulated their real presence. In front of the cabin stood two individual trench seats for the driver and the crew commander, which had adjustments in length, height and tilt of the back. In the second row, four single seats were placed for the crew of towed techniques, which could be transformed into two beds. The cabin includes enhanced noise and thermal insulation, filtering installation, double glazing, two independent heating systems, light-protective curtains, radiation protection screens and brackets for personal weapons. The third and most recent original decision was replacing the longitudinal steel balancing levers of the rear trolley on multi-sized springs. From late experimental samples of the KZT-7426 series 7428, the automatic selection of the gap in the wheeled brakes and the two-circuit brake system was obtained. All other aggregates have practically not changed not only compared to the closest predecessors, but also with the first Minsk tractors MAZ-537.

The basic car of the new family was the Saddle tractor KZT-7428 without a winch, assembled in 1988 and had a load on the coupling device 27 tons. When using an elongated front Svet cabin reached 2984 mm, the overall length increased to 10,060 mm, the height is up to 3060 mm. All this could not but affect the weight parameters that significantly exceeded the values \u200b\u200bof the model MAZ-537G with a winch: Curb weight - 23.7 tons (+1.4 t), complete - 50.7 tons (+1 t), total weight MotorPost - 93.7 tons (+3 t). The maximum speed remained at the same level (65 km / h), the fuel control console rate returned to the early value (125 liters per 100 km), but the reserve of the course reached 1.5 thousand km, right, he took into account the contents of spare fuel tanks on the semi-trailer. Mouched road train overcame 1.1-meter ferrod and rises of steepness to 16?. The official warranty mileage of the tractor was at the level of 20 thousand km at a service life of at least five years. All other characteristics corresponded to the 537 series. The derivative seat 74281 was distinguished by the installation of a 15-ton winch with a cable length of 100 m and in general was an analogue of the machine 537. It weighed at 1.3 tons more than the base model 7428, and worked as part of road trains with a complete weight of up to 95 tons. Ballast tractor 74282 with a winch and a metal 3.2-meter platform from the machine 74261 also had all the parameters inherited from the 537a models and 537l, but was the hardest in the range of 7428 - 25.8 tons.

These three basic vehicles successfully passed acceptance tests, were adopted by the Soviet Army and in 1990 were formally enrolled in virtual serial production. The last new car brand of the Soviet period of the Soviet period in 1991 was a special tractor 74283 with a trapped device shifted by 345 mm. All these machines were the progenitors of the KZT-7428 families producing to the present time. Since then, it has been replenished with specialized military options with new aggregates and nodes that are now entering the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. In the early 1990s, such a rainbow future was seriously overshadowed by the start of the transition to commercial versions, thanks to which Rusich OJSC hardly managed to experience the times of economic reforms, the lack of military orders, the free market and remain afloat as part of a ruined domestic military automotive complex.

650-Strong Saddle KZT-74281 with a new two-row 2-door cabin. 1988

Ballast tractor KZT-74282 with a winch and a cab with a flat front panel. 1989