The mileage meter of the machine is called. Dashboard. Speedometer and odometer - what is the difference. Digital or computerized odometers. Internally and how it works

If you want to pose a car enthusiast, ask him what is the odometer or where it is located in the car. Despite the fact that it is resorted to his help regularly, not everyone knows how it looks. This is a significant device that is in each vehicle operating on the internal combustion engine.

Judging by the title, you can already determine that this is a measuring device, like a tachometer or a digital speedometer. Odometer measures the number of kilometers traveled.

Purpose

The task of the appliance odometer is to transfer the testimony about car mileage. Thanks to such information, the driver without problems can establish the actual distance from the point of departure to the destination. Such readings will help not only determine fuel consumption under various conditions, but also to replace the necessary parts and components in time.

Among other things, the odometer can benefit its testimony and during the purchase of a used car. When examining such a car, an appropriate desire to learn how it was exploited. Odometer will help you to find out how many kilometers was passed on this car.

Since the difference in price directly depends on the mileage of the machine, then many sellers appear temptation to hide the truth in this matter. Not wanting to present the actual testimony of the meter, such people twist mileage, putting the facts changed by changed readings. In view of this, the question arises: how to determine if there was an adjustment of the indication of the run or not? What to pay special attention When finding out this issue?

Principle of operation

Odometer is three types: mechanical, electronic and, transitional option, is semi-electron.

The odometer is calculated using a special sensor, which is located directly, in the variable transmission box. The incoming impulses are submitted to the counter, which provides indications. Consider the principle of operation of each type.

Mechanical

This type of measuring instrument is arranged exclusively from the mechanical parts. In the gearbox is located its measuring part - gear. Rotating, it leads the flexible cable connected to it. The cable, in turn, transmits the rotation to the counter, which provides the testimony of the Odometer done Putin.

Semi-electron

As the name is from the name, the device consists half of mechanical nodes and from electronic. From the mechanics there is a measuring part of the node - gear and cable. In the meter itself, there is a conversion of incoming information: the ropes of the cable turn into electrical pulses and the data is displayed on the reading panel.

Electronic

Digital technologies - an integral part of a modern car. Therefore, the odometer in such a car should also be digital. This type of meters does not use the mechanics at all.

All of its device is based exclusively on sensors that transmit electrical pulses for processing, after which you can see the result.

Subject of indications

In a mechanical odometer, a change in the testimony is not much labor, so even an inexperienced mechanic will be able to perform such a procedure. This is followed as follows: The cable transmitting readings on the meter is disconnected from the gear in the PPC area. Then it is rotated in the opposite direction. For these purposes, it is usually fixed in the cartridge of the electric drill. After performing the operation, the cable join back to the gear and odometer is assembled.

It was pretty easy to notice anything on the car. To do this, you will need to drive the car on watching pit. There carefully look at the place of connecting the cable with gears in the checkpoint. The difference will be obvious. If all the elements of the odometer are in dirt or dust, and the location of the cable connection with the gear is relatively clean, then it is clear that it was not without fraud.

With a semi-electron device, the situation is much easier. To this end, the instrument layout panel is removed and opened the housing of the meter itself. Further, the gear disconnection of the reading mechanism is separated and the required value in a short period of time is exposed.

To identify such intervention will also not be much labor. When inspection, you should pay close attention to the location of the hull connection. During the opening, not avoid damage to these elements. Yes, and on the places of screw connections, such intervention will be clearly noticeable.

As for the electronic meters, it was not without vulnerable to fraud. The readings on them can also be changed. But this procedure is not easy and requires not only certain knowledge, but also special equipment with software. In certain cases, it is still necessary to tinker with disconnection of boards in devices, or make an additional soldering.

It is almost impossible to identify flashing electron odometer. The exception is only cases when the instrument panel disassembled. But do not be upset, because the testimony of the odometer is not the only criterion by which you can determine the degree of vengery of the car. Intently considering in the car the condition of elements of nodes or housing, you can detect interesting details Vehicles of transport.

Well no

In the world of every minute changes and eternal movements have to constantly monitor speeds and distances. As Martov's hare spoke in the fairy tale Lewis Carolla, "you need to run from all your feet to just stay in place, and to get somewhere, you need to run at least twice as fast." Cyclists want to keep up with the times. That is why such a device as an odometer for a bike is in a hurry to purchase not only professional athletes, but also amateurs.

What is odometer

The bicycle odometer is the device necessary for measuring the number of turns of the wheels during the ride. Modern odometers accurately determine the overall bike mileage, helping the owner to correctly present their capabilities vehicle. The display of the device is displayed both daily and general mileage of the bike.

As arranged

Odometers of different types have a different device, but underlying the principle of operation of the same. Functional can be considered the following instrument details:

• meter (responsible for counting the number of turns of the wheels);
• the controller fixing turns (it is directly related to the counter);
• indicator reflecting numeric indicators of a kilometer traveled on a speedometer display.

In mechanical odometers, force to the cable is transmitted from the driving wheel in close contact with the bicycle tire.

In odometers with electric mechanical transmission The pulse is transferred by the cable with the help of the sensor on electronic panel. Electronic models operate due to the production of electrical pulses.

How does it work

Regardless of how speed, your vehicle is moving, its wheels make a certain number of revolutions, passing a kilometer. This indicator remains unchanged. Knowing the number of turns of the wheel, it is easy to calculate the number of kilometers traveled and remove it to the counter. In odometers of different types Counting and transmission occur in different ways.

There are three types of odometers:

• mechanical;
• electromechanical;
• electronic.

More old and little-inlets leaving the past mechanical models function using a special flexible cable, which rotates at the same speed as the wheel. Rotation transmits the output shaft, then the force goes on the cable on the magnetic arrow. The magnetic arrow displays the numeric indicator on the magnetized disk.

Pretty simple configuration, mechanical odometer relative to Döshev. It is easy to disassemble and repair, changing the old details on new ones. Its work does not depend on batteries and magnetic storms. Meanwhile, when proper installation And configuring with your main function of the elementary calculation of kilometers, such a device copes worthy.

The disadvantage can be considered an automatic reset of readings upon reaching a certain threshold figure. In addition, the mechanical device somewhat makes it difficult to rotate the wheel, and in the event that the wheels are bent into the eight, it does not work at all. It may affect the indications of the counter and falling on the device dirt. So such an odometer is often necessary and carefully wipe and lubricated. But for walking in a clean and smooth highway, the device with mechanical transmission is quite suitable.

Electromechanical Odometers work at the expense of the gear rotation, which leads force to the electromechanical sensor.

The sensor device produces electricity pulses that fall on the wires into the Speedometer block, where a small motor rotates, which performs the role of the driving meter. Odometers of this type are installed on most modern cars.

Electronic odometers sensors are completely electronic. In addition, they have liquid crystal indicators. Such a device is harder to "deceive", for this you need to apply a special device.

Modern cycling odometers, in fact, become part of the "onboard" cycle-computerists, counting not only the common mileage of the bike, but also many other parameters of the movement required by cyclists, seriously engaged in exercise cycling. It may be, for example, such indicators as:

• current speed;
• average speed;
• distance length;
• travel time;
• cadence;
• mileage;
• clock.

The sensor of the electronic odometer is a contact, hermetically located in the housing, is a germon. It is fixed on the front fork feathers or (when the length of the wires is sufficient for this) near the rear wheel. On the wheel of the wheel is attached permanent magnetwhich causes the sensor to work. The time between the two coming sensor inclusions tracks the microcontroller. Liquid crystal indicators with seven segments reflect the result obtained, the backlight function performs LEDs.

Are there errors in the work of cycling odometers

Like any device, the odometer may have a permissible percentage of errors. Mechanical devicesMounted on mountain biking or bikes moving on crossed terrain can give up to 15% of errors. It is believed that the heavier conditions of operation of the vehicle, the higher the error. For example, a negative impact on the work of the odometer can slip, weakening the flexible cable (it should be stretched, it is impossible to allow it to be saved in the hinges), breaking the parts. True, such a high distortion indicator is still not characteristic of cycling odometers of a new generation. Electromechanical devices can give up to 5% distortion. But digital gadgets in which there are no mechanical connections between the details and minimizes the risk of internal damage, no more than 1% of errors are issued.

How to choose the device

If you clearly decide that the cycling odometer is needed and will not become another toy, idle on the steering wheel, before installing, first of all, you need to choose a high-quality device that does not have to throw out after the first cycle.

When choosing a odometer, it is necessary to take into account such parameters as:

• reliability of the device;
• indication limit;
• body quality;
• functional;
• type of fastening.

The most reliable cycling counters produce companies such as VDO, BBB, CATEYE, SIGMA. You can choose a model individually, based on those goals that you in front of ourselves.

Odometers are divided into models with a maximum speed indicator of 99.9 km / h and devices displaying three-digit indicators. For example, SIGMA 506 speedometer shows speeds above 100 km / h. This device is designed for cyclists. Lovers it is unlikely to come in handy.

In size and compactness, devices can be different, but the functionality does not depend on it. You can even purchase a device in the form of a manual clock, measuring the pulse of an athlete.

Mounting a bike computer can also be on or the steering wheel. There are devices with universal fastening.

The ideal model of the odometer should have a large display with clearly read-reading numbers.

It is necessary that the device can withstand vibration and hard weather conditions, and its components have differed in quality assembly.

How to set up an electronic odometer

Start installing a bike computer is, first of all, correctly specify the parameters of your vehicle. Make it best immediately after purchasing a bike. The indicators are best recorded and saved.

1. To begin, it is necessary to set the C - wheel length. It must be clarified, since this number is non-standard. For this measure the perimeter of the tire with a centimeter tape wound on the wheel in a circle. Another way: put the paint on the wheel a bright mark and, leve a bike for one turnover of the wheel, measure the distance from one print to another.
2. Then you need to fasten the sensor on one of the flies of the fork or on the bicycle.
3. Next firmly wind the wire around the pen and the brake cable.
4. We install the steering wheel or the steering platform.
5. Fix the magnet on the needle, but do not drag the screw to do not break the magnet. There should be no more than 3 mm between the magnet and the sensor.
6. Fix the bike computer in the contact site and check the quality of work.

The bicycle odometer is a necessary device in the life of each modern cyclist. When used using the device, you can simultaneously predict the service life, competently distribute sports loads, it is comfortable to move over long distances under cycling conditions. Competently selected and the fortified odometer simplifies life on two wheels and increases your chances not to stand still.

Probably many love to follow the mileage of their iron horse - how many kilometers there, as much here. Also through a certain mileage, we need to produce the necessary maintenance - for example, changing the oil, timing belt, etc. For this, everything is watching not difficult, but a very "smart" device is odometer. The name is unfamiliar, probably many heard, but do not know what it is. I will try to explain as usual simply on the "fingers" ...

To begin with, as usual, start with the definition.

Odometer - This is a device that fixes the mileage (kilometer) of the car. The principle is simple, he considers the number of revolutions of the wheel thus displays a passing distance that is displayed in kilometers for Russian and many european cars, and in miles for many American cars.

As you can see, it's just displaying a mallometer on speedometers. Previously, the device was mechanical, now more and more electron or hybrid (electronics + mechanics).

How does it work?

It is important to understand how this node works, and from which parts it consists. If you do not climb the Debrist - conditionally the device can be decomposed into three components:

1) This is a sensor that is installed next to the wheel (there are options almost in the wheel itself), there are also options that are installed in the transmission (gearbox) - they certainly takes into account the revolutions.

2) counter or drive that considers these revs after transfers them to the head unit

3) Display, this is a speedometer (for simple mechanical types), or the computer that receives the data and after displays them on the digital display.

I would like to note that now there are practically no mechanical odometers left, everything goes to the figure.

Types of devices

I suggest in more detail to stop on the types of devices of odometers, so to speak through history.

1) Mechanical odometers - The simplest and most easily corrected.

Usually, the gearbox was hung on the gearbox that mechanically through the cable, transmitted information to a special node, which in turn displayed information on the Speedometer monitor. To be honest, the reliability and accuracy of the data was low. Folk craftsmen could climb under the car, unscrew the cable from the gearbox, and the mileage was simply not taken into account. It was also easy to remove the speedometer itself, in which the odometer was at the bottom, and to the manual to twist it. So the mileage is easily adjusted in the right direction.

2) Hybrid odometers - here are already the first electronic blocks Control and electronic display on display.

The design remained mechanical at the level of the drive and transmission, that is, the information is obtained by mechanical path, after which it is transformed into electronic impulses that are converted to kilometers on the odometer.

3) Electronic or digital odometers - This is completely electronic systemStarting from removing data from drives or wheels, ending with processing (often) before displaying the display.

Such systems are the most resistant to the mileage twist, they are not so easy to adjust, because the electronics are everywhere. But the folk craftsmen learned to adjust them. This is usually the firmware of the ECU.

The electronic version fixes, not only the full mileage of the car, but also daily, which is very convenient. Suppose with daily mileage, you can measure the distance to one or another point, and then calculate gasoline consumption. Odometer in the car, this is one of the status indicators. Yes, you did not hear the state. All because than more mileage (kilometer) Car that fixed this device - the more the car is worn and must be serviced. You need to ride the station to change parts of the mechanisms, because by the regulations, many parts of the car are changing precisely on this indication. For example, oil in transmissions, belts or timing chains, etc.

Accuracy of indications

Odometer can not be called a ultra-absorption device, his error is decent, even in digital it can be 2 - 10% of the total run. There is nothing terrible in this - because the odometer considers not millimeters and centimeters, but tens or even hundreds of meters and kilometers. I also want to note that the error can grow depending on the wear of the car.

If you decompose the error in groups of odometers, it becomes clear:

Mechanical possess yourself high degreeBecause they have mechanical parts in each of the drive units. Even new possesses an error of 3 - 5%, but already worn out of the indicator about 10%.

Hybrid Due to its digital component, a large number of errors are cut off, they consider pulses, and therefore error, even with high wear, rarely goes beyond 5%.

Digital Almost generally devoid of flaws, they do not have mechanical parts, and therefore they always take into account relatively even testimony, error even with large runs no more than 2%.

But it is worth noting that when the car is slipped, let's say on ice or snow, the wheel turns accounting, but the car is essentially worth it! Here you have an error, even in electronic options.

Twist - adjustment odometer

To begin with, I will answer why it is adjusted! Everything is very simple, the more mileage - the higher the wear of the machine as a whole, as well as important nodes, the transmission engine, the suspension - carries out a bunch of "sores". For example, many german cars Already 90 - 100,000 kilometers will require serious financial injections, at least on the replacement of the turbine and repair robotic transmission (if you say).

Therefore, many dishonest vendors, especially the dealers (persons who are engaged in buying - selling cars), adjust the testimony of odometers. If it is mechanical - then everything is simple, it is simply soaked back, with a mechanical impact. But if the electronic odometer is to be corrected much more difficult, because there is no mechanical parts. We need special devices that can be connected to the car microcircuits. Therefore, cars with electronic odometers are more protected from adjustment. Although the folk craftsmen are walked and their. Sometimes understand the real mileage is very difficult, especially if it is worth new tires, the body is polished, the interior after dry cleaning, etc. You may say that the mileage is only 20,000 km, and it can in essence can be in 120,000 km. So you need to be careful when buying a used car. Contact professionals, let you give him a couple of thousand rubles, but he will save you on subsequent repairs just a bunch of money.

Which is displayed on the odometer? Do you know that in fact most cars are the odometer readings are not entirely accurate, the same as the reading of the current speedometer? Moreover, all these inaccuracies are consciously laid on automakers in the process of producing cars. Why it is necessary and how the odometer is lying in many cars we offer to find out in our today's theme.

Today, many car enthusiasts enjoy navigation systems in the car, which help us focus on unfamiliar area, lay optimal routes and go around the traffic jams. . All modern navigation systems can determine the speed of the car. You noticed that almost always the speed of your car according to GPS / GLONASS navigator lower than on the speedometer of the machine?

Surely many of you believe that this is the error of the navigation system. But in fact, satellite systems are much more accurate than a speedometer in the car. That's just because of the inaccuracies of speedometers in many cars, we see the difference in speed. But the difference in speed is also inaccurate because any satellite navigation systems also have permissible errors. But the fact remains a fact. Almost all cars are equipped today. And always this speed is overestimated, and never understed.

That is, each automaker sets a speedometer that overstate the speed. And it is made consciously, in accordance with various world standards. In our country, this standard is regulated by GOST R 41.39-99 (UNECE Rules No. 39).

According to this standard and technical requirements, the real speed cannot be understood. Also, according to GOST R 41.39- 99, the speedometer cannot input the speed of more than 6 km / h (or more than 10%).

In practice and according to information from numerous autofors, it is safe to say that most automakers are equipped with cars speedometers that Speed \u200b\u200bon the speedometer on average by 5-10%.

But you tell me what's the speedometer? After all, speech today is about the odometer. Yes Today we are considering the topic about the odometer error in the car. But the fact is that all odometers in modern cars Inseciously constructively associated with speedometer testimony. Therefore, it is logical that if there is an error of a speedometer in the most side, then, of course, there is an inaccuracy in mapping a kilometer on an odometer.

What is the mileage on the odometer, for example, 100 thousand km. Actually untrue? Yes this is true. This is an inaccurate kilometer, because it was calculated on a specific algorithm toward the wield due to the fact that manufacturers are ashanded, as a rule, the testimony of the speedometer and odometer to 10 percent.

As a result, it is possible if you see that your car drove 100,000 km, then the mileage is actually 95,000 in reality - 98 000 km. It all depends on how much for this mileage speedometer exceeded the real vehicle speed.

Why speedometers and odometers overestimate readings?

Why are such technical requirements To speedometers, which, in turn, affect the odometer testimony? In fact, this is done for the purpose of security. road. For example, if the speedometer undertakes the speed indicators, then the drivers would consider then that they would go too slowly and naturally under certain conditions would increase the speed of movement.

And also the understatement of speed indicators would affect the number of discharged, which follow the observance speed \u200b\u200bregime. After all, you agree that if the speedometer of the car showed its speed less than reality, then we would expect fines for speeding. In this case, the massive claims of automakers from car owners would be provided.

But this is not the only reason why automakers on average overshadow the speedometer testimony towards increasing the speed by 5-10%. Since the speedometer readings are directly related to the mileage on the odometer, it turns out that due to the error of the speedometer, the odometer incorrectly counts the mileage of the car. As a result, depending on from the operating conditions of the car (for example, from the average velocity of the machine) when running 100,000 km, the error of a kilometer on a odometer may amount to an average of 2000- 5000 km. Do you know what plus gives the manufacturer this error on the odometer? Of course, it actually reduces.

We all know that when buying a new car, any automaker gives, in the range of 100,000 - 150,000 km of car run. As a result, in the event of an error of the speedometer and the odometer, it turns out that the factory warranty ends earlier than 100 thousand - 150 thousand. Km might, since in reality the car drove a little less.

At the moment, most cars use an electronic odometer, which came to replace the classic mechanical odometer, for a long time used in the world automotive industry. But despite the more accurate electronics, the principle of removal of the testimony remained the same.

So despite the electronic odometer, which displays passing on LCD displays, the readings of the kilometer are removed from the sensor, which considers the turns of the wheels.

Accordingly, the error of the odometer readings can not only depend on the natural errors of the device, but also directly depends on the state of rubber and the health of the chassis.

For example, if abnormal wheels and tires are installed on the machine, the error of the odometer readings can significantly increase and will decrease. For example, there are quite a few examples on various autofors when car owners, changing the regular wheels to another size, not only reduced the error of the speedometer reading, but also reduced the error of the odometer's readings.

what still affects the accuracy of odometer readings

In fact, the truthfulness of the run on the odometer depends on many factors. For example, even the height of rubber treads can affect the accuracy of the path. The thing is that in modern cars as we have already said is considered by the number of wheel turns.

You understand that from the height of rubber protectors will depend on the overall outer diameter of the wheel, which, naturally, will affect the number of wheel turns while driving on a certain segment of the path. For example, the smaller the rubber protector, the greater the number of full revolutions of the wheel will be fixed. And vice versa, the greater the tire protector, the smaller the sensor will lock the revolutions on a certain segment of the machine path.

Including the testimony of the odometer affects the pressure in the wheels, as well as the temperature of the ambient air and even the duration of the path. For example, if you are used to rarely check the pressure in wheels, and often drive on wheels in which the pressure lacks, this leads to the fact that the wheels are strongly prepedential, which helps to reduce the external diameter of the wheels.

As a result, the sensor that determines the amount of complete turns of the wheels at low tires, will calculate more turns of the wheels than at normal pressure, which the automaker recommends.

Including during our movement the pressure in wheels is constantly changing. For example, due to temperature changes on the street. Also, with a long-term trip, the wheels are heated, which contributes to the change in the pressure in the wheels. As a result, all this strongly affects the odometer error.

How to check in your car the error of the speedometer and odometer

There are many ways to calculate in your car the error of the speedometer and odometer. True, again, since these devices are not accurate in accordance with various technical standardsFor sure you will not be able to calculate the error. But nevertheless, the average results you can find out. And so how do we calculate how much speedometer and the odometer of your car is lying?

To start, compare the speedometer reading with the readings of the navigation system. Remember this value. Then do the following:

Spoke, for example, on the highway up to 70 km / h and turn on, resetting on on board computer Current fuel consumption and medium speed data. Next, passing a little at the same speed on the cruise, look at the computer readings of the average speed, according to which the average fuel consumption is usually calculated in all vehicles.

There you will see far from 70 km / h, and more truthful result, although also inaccurate. Although in most cases, as a result of this experiment, you will see about the same speed that you have seen when measuring speed with.

Now it's time to check how lying the odometer of your car. There are several ways to accurately check the path passed. For example, to measure a kilometer on a specific route You can also help a navigation system that more accurately can measure distances from point A to paragraph B.

Therefore, before moving from the spot, route the route on the navigator. Next, remember the mileage on the odometer and go on the road. At the end of the way you will see the difference. Note To more accurately calculate the odometer error you need to drive as much as possibleSince in short distances the error will be barely noticeable.

It is also desirable that your route is laid on a free highway, where you can accelerate at least up to 100 km / h. The fact is that at lower speeds the error of both the odometer and the speedometer will be small.

The second way to measure the distance traveled to compare with the odometer's reading is a trip along the highway with milestone pillars installed on it, which indicate a certain distance from any settlement from where the countdown is conducted.

Your task is to choose a long route on such a highway with kilometer columns and drive on a specific section of the completed distance with its odometer.

So you will get an exemplary odometer reading error in your car.

What is odometer? This is a fairly accurate device designed to measure the speed of the automotive wheel. With the help of odometer, the path is measured that drove the car. The number of wheel turns is considered to be the device and is converted to indication on the indicator.

The odometer consists of the following parts:

The sensor that is associated with the wheel and fixes turns;
A counter that produces revolutions;
A indicator that shows no number of wheel speeds, and the path that car drove.

Odometer can be:

Mechanical, where the rotation of the wheel using mechanical connections is transmitted to the meter, which, too, under the action of mechanics, considers turns and translates them to kilometers and meters.

Electronically mechanical, where the reading of the wheel turns occurs with the help of mechanics, and the meter then converts turns into electrical signals, which are then displayed on the indicator.

Electronic (digital), where all removal of parameters and their conversion into visible indicators occurs in in electronic format. Most often, such a odometer is one of the elements of the on-board computer system.

Odometers do not belong to the category of devices with a high accuracy class. It's just there is no need. They operate with categories of meters, kilometers. Therefore, these devices are characterized by certain errors. And these errors are often not dependent on the device itself, but rather from a certain wear of the car. And the older the car, the errors will be more.

For a new car with a mechanical odometer, a normal error can reach 5%. But as a result of operation changing road Conditions, replacement and wear of some parts, the error of the mechanical odometer may increase to 15%.

The classic example of such an error is to slip the car wheel. Formally, the car goes a little, but the wheel rotates. It should be borne in mind that the error is set specifically for a odometer as such. But it does not take into account the possible change of car parts, which can also give a certain percentage of error. Various backlays, weakened springs, deformation of the cable, friction - all this makes a tolik in the end readings of the odometer.

Electromechanical devices operate on the principle of counting pulses outgoing from speed sensor. There is a counting of impulses per unit of time. Odometers of this type have greater accuracy and less error than mechanical instruments. And their error does not go over the mark of 5%. In rare cases - 7%.

Electronic (digital) odometers have the lowest error. This is due to the fact that they do not have mechanical details that are subject to wear. But exercising control of the path traveled, their sensors read information from mechanical parts for which wear is quite a natural phenomenon. Therefore, the error is still present.

To the question "What is a odometer" can be answered and otherwise. Odometer is one of the devices for a certain diagnosis of the state of the car. After all, the first thing that is asked when buying a non-car car, is what mileage? And then there are other questions.