Electric lambda cheering. Principle of operation and installation of electronic bellows lambda probe. Functioning of the oxygen sensor

Lambda probe is an integral element of the gas output system of any modern car. It is an oxygen level sensor in the exhaust machines. Lambda probe transmits the received information on on-board computerwhich, in turn, processing it, regulates the enrichment of the mixture supplied to the cylinders.

Most cars are equipped with two sensors. One of them is installed in front of the catalyst, the second - after it. It is the last one of the building most often. When this happens, the system issues an error, and the engine begins to work in emergency mode.

In order not to bother with the purchase of a new lambda-probe, which is quite expensive, and its setting, our craftsmen came up with how to fool the computer, spending a penny on it. The name of this invention is cheating.

Follow the computer of the car in three ways:

• reflash a computer;
• install a mechanical delicate;
• install electronic cheating.

Refracting Electronic Control Block

The essence of this method is to enter the car's computer, turn off the oxygen sensor by electronic method, and make changes to software. For this, of course, it will be necessary to refer to specialists who have certain skills and appropriate equipment.

Mechanical destruction

The mechanical drying of the lambda probe is a metal spacer (sleeve) between the exhaust pipe and the sensor itself.

Make such a sleeve can any person having the slightest idea of \u200b\u200bthe turning business. Most often for these purposes, bronze or heat-resistant steel are used.

Below is a sample drawing for the second lambda probe with dimensions.

The principle of this method is rather simple: using a sleeve with a hole with a diameter of 2 mm, we move the sensor away from the stream exhaust gases.

Install the spacer on your own easily. We heat the car on the pit or the overpass, turn off the minus terminal, we find the sensor and unscrew it.

Connect a minus terminal, run the engine. If a the electronic unit The control issues an error again, we repeat the procedure with the removal of the terminal again.

Electronic destruction

This method is more suitable for those car owners who are friendly with a soldering iron. Everything that will need for the simplest electronic deception is:

• capacitor (non-polar) capacity of 1 μF;
• resistor (resistance) 1 MΩ;
• soldering iron;
• solder, rosin;

This view of the bellows is installed directly on the wires running from the sensor to the connector. This connector for some cars is located in the central tunnel between the driver and passenger seats, others have in the engine compartment, thirdly - under torpedo.

The efficiency of the car engine depends on the quality combustion of the gas-air mixture. Accurate proportions, and, accordingly, the rational effect of work is regulated by the oxygen sensor - lambda probe. Understanding the design and principle of the appliance is necessary for self-definition and correction of defects. From how quickly the reasons / consequences of the lambda probation failure depends on the safety of the operation of its own machine.

The sensor is equipped with only cars with injector engines. Location in the exhaust pipe after the catalyst. The oxygen sensor of the double-configuration can be located before the catalyst, providing enhanced control over the composition of the gas, thereby ensuring more efficient operation of the device.

Operating principle:

• The electronics of the car that is responsible for the dosage of fuel sends a signal about the requirement of feeding to the nozzle.
• Accordingly, the oxygen device determines the desired amount of air to form the proper composition of the mixture.
• The instrument settings allow you to comply with the requirements for the ecological and economic component of the operation of the car - to eliminate the overrun of fuel and the ridicity of the medium.

Modern cars are equipped with progressive devices - catalysts and paired sensors - allowing to reduce the negative effects of exhaust and consumption of expensive fuel. However, in the event of a breakdown of an expensive version of the sensor, "treatment" will cost a considerable amount.

Lambda Probe design

Externally, the device looks like a steel elongated housing electrode with output wires and platinum spraying. Inside the device is the following:

• Contact connecting wires with an electrical element.
• Sealing dielectric cuff for safety with an air inlet hole.
• Hidden zirconium electrode enclosed in a ceramic tip heated under the action of current up to 300-1000 degrees.
• Protective temperature screen with output for exhaust gas.

Sensors are two-point or broadband. The classification of devices does not affect the external and internal organizationHowever, it has a significant difference on the principle of operation. The device described above is a two-point, the second is an upgraded version.

Read more about him:

In addition to the two-point design, the sensor contains a pumping element. The meaning of the work is that when hesitations constant voltage Between the electrodes, the signal comes to the control unit. The current supply on the pumping element is enhanced or decreased, the air portion falls into the gap for the analysis, where the level of the concentration of the spent vapors occurs.

Signs of lambda probation fault

The eternal, created by the hands of a person - does not exist. Any technique designed for a subtle analysis is able to fail for many reasons. Oxygen sensors are no exception.

Consider detail:

• The increased level of CO. To identify independently concentration, perhaps only with the help of instruments. Almost always, the indicators are talking about the fault of the probe.
• Increased fuel consumption. Injection vehicles are equipped with a scoreboard on which the amount of fuel consumed is indicated. Also, it is also possible to judge if the frequency of refueling exceeds the usual one.
• Light alarm-oriented lambda probe is constantly lit. This is a light bulb Check Engine.

In addition to the described signs of destabilization of the oxygen sensor, estimate the quality of the exhaust gas can be visually - light smoke speaks about the oversaturation of the air in the mixture, the clubs of thick black smoke - the opposite, about excessive overruns of fuel.

Causes of the oxygen sensor breakage

Since the device directly works with fuel combustion products, then the quality of it (fuel) cannot but reflect on productivity and result. A combustible product that does not respond to all established gestures and regulations is often the root cause, why the sensor does not show reliable results or, in general, fails. A lead is postponed on the surface of the electrodes, making the lambda probe insensitive to the definition.

Other reasons:

• Mechanical malfunction. From vibration and / or active operation of the car, the sensor housing is damaged. Repair or replacement of components are not subject to repair. Much more rational will be the acquisition and installation of a new one.
• Incorrect operation of the fuel system. Over time, the soot formed as a result of incomplete combustion of fuel settles on the housing, it falls inside the intake holes of the probe. The testimony becomes incorrect. The problem is initially stopped by timely cleaning, however, if it arises constantly, it will not be able to get rid of it - an oxygen sensor, this is the consuming item to be timely replaced.

To achieve the health of the car on all its nodes, it is important to send your own "horse" to periodic diagnostics to identify problems. Then, the functionality of the devices, including the lambda probe, will be saved.

How to independently check the lambda probe

A reliable result of the cause of the breakdown can only give qualified diagnosis. However, it is possible to understand that the sensor is faulty, it is possible. For this:

Learning the manual. The attached instruction to the device contains the parameters of the oxygen sensor. They are important to navigate.

• Opening and inspected motor compartment, Find a probe. External pollution in the form of soot and / or a light wave will tell about the deposition of lead and abnormal operation of the fuel system. In this case, the device fully change and diagnose other nodes of the car, since the ingress of dirt and heavy metal on them does not promise anything good.
• If the tip is clean, the check continues. To do this, the sensor is disconnected and attached to the voltmeter. Auto rolls, increasing momentum up to 2500 / min and, reduce to 200. The readings of the working sensor vary in the range of 0.8-0.9 W. No reaction or smaller values \u200b\u200bindicate a malfunction.

You can also check the probe with a depleted mixture by proving in a vacuum tube SUPPROY. In this case, the testimony of a voltmeter with a good device is low - up to 0.2 W and below.

The dynamic indicators of the sensor in 0.5 W, attached to the fuel supply system in parallel with the voltmeter, speak of the health of the device. Other values \u200b\u200bwill tell about a malfunction.

Cheering oxygen sensor with their own hands

Not allowing the tightening of regular technical inspection - in particular, for the lambda of the sensor, it occurs every 30 thousand km - the owner of the car ensures uninterrupted operation of the device. After 100 thousand km, it needs a complete replacement.

If everything is in order with a conscientious attitude to the car, then control the quality of fuel is not possible. As a result, the chicks or lead deposits will cause a permanent response of light indicator Check. Engine. So that the car owner is not disturbed, the problem is solved with the help of a bull.

Types of structures

Depending on the financial capabilities, the bronze parts are made by their own hands, buy technological electronic options, Complete flashing the entire control unit. We describe in detail each way:

Homemade device

The housing is a bronze part, which is distinguished by high resistance to temperature. The dimensions are strictly agreed with the sensor, in order to avoid leakage of the exhaust vapor. Hole to go to the spacer not more than 3 mm.

The principle of operation of the device is: ceramic crumb inside the cylinder coated with a layer of catalyst under the action of exhaust gas and oxygen oxidizes, which is reduced by the concentration, and the sensor takes the value for the norm. The version of the budget, however, for high-price cars inadmissible - in the end, the automation should work on the result.

Electronic destruction

Specialists in soldering circuits can "join" a snap for an oxygen sensor with their own hands. This requires a condenser or resistor. That car enthusiast, whose knowledge is limited to take advantage of the way it cannot - misunderstanding the processes threatens to negatively affect the entire control unit. A finished design is purchased to resolve the issue. The principle of action of the emulator with the microprocessor is as follows:

• The microcircuit evaluates the gas concentration and analyzes the signal from the first sensor.
• After that, the pulse corresponds to the signal from the second.
• As a result, medium readings are obtained that do not affect the normal operation of the control unit, since the value at the input is always less critical.

Refracting

Fool oxygen lambda The sensor may be using a cardinal flashing control unit. The essence lies in the absence of a reaction to a signal after the catalyst - the sensor responds only to the state of the node installed in front of the catalyst, that is, where the exhaust pairs are missing or there is in small, which does not affect the analysis result, quantity.

Attention! Warranty services will refuse to perform work, as this contradicts the normal maintenance of the car - any node must work and respond to abnormal situations.

This is especially true for new cars. Therefore, the firmware is purchased independently - in no case via the Internet - or installed at home-grown craftsmen. Otherwise, the damage caused to the car in the future should not be perplexed by the car owner.

Video Overview Troubles

Determine the lambda probe malfunction

Nowadays, almost every car is created with electronic control systems. They help to achieve a slight decrease in fuel consumption, and are also good assistants In the normalization of the engine operation. We disassembled today the item is responsible for the gas output systems. The broken lambda probe makes the engine do its work in emergency mode. Credit with this problem has long been helped by lambda probe. It is possible to buy it or do it yourself. Today we are just looking at how the lambda probe is done with their own hands, and also know a little useful information on this topic. Let's start.

How does the lambda probe work?

What is this detail doing? This sensor helps to convert information about the amount of oxygen contained in exhaust gases. This signal must be periodically transmitted to the controller (control panel) and compared and the indicators that are in its data.

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If the indicator in the data stored in the controller does not coincide with the indicator that has been obtained at the moment, the control unit is obliged to begin to solve this problem by increasing or decreasing the injection length of the mixture into the combustion chamber. By the way, often probes put two pieces so that when one fails, use another. What does the work of these parts mean? There are several fairly important aspects:

• Maximum engine performance;
• Fuel economy;
• Reducing air pollution by reducing the amount of emissions.

What happens when the catalyst sensor fails?

Usually, the lambda probe breaks after the run of a hundred thousand kilometers. This is the average maximum wear limit of the sensor, after which it must be replaced, since it is not possible to repair it.

When breakdown, lamend-probe dashboard An emergency inscription "Check Engine" is displayed. Of course, there is still a possibility that the device simply works incorrectly, however, most likely, it needs to be replaced, the cost of which is quite an impressive amount. Of course, you can very carefully follow the devices in the car and thirty thousand km. Do diagnose the sensor, but it will still help for a short time. And it is here that the work joins the lambda probe.

How can a deception can help us?

Fooling the catalyst sensor makes practically the same actions, but for significantly less cost. This device allows the engine to not pay attention to malfunctions and operate in a normal standard state, without cycling alarm.

What are the varieties of the lambda probe emulator?

Standard lambda-probe emulator decevement is done in three different ways:

• By installing a mechanical sleeve;
• Connecting a special electronic circuit;
• By flashing the controller.

We will analyze in detail each of them so that you can choose the one that is more convenient for you. Each of the ways is effective.

Option One: Probe-freeze mechanical with drawing

As you already understood, this item will have to make it yourself. To do this, you will need several materials:

• Bronze or steel blank;
• Screwdriver;
• Machining machine;
• Keys in the set.

Our bronze mechanical deception of lambda probe is made on the lacker. Made by, be sure to check with the drawing, as it contains the same forms and sizes necessary to create a high-quality and suitable sensor. Here detailed scheme Catalyst decking with their own hands.

The installation of the manufactured part must be started with lifting your car on the overpass. Further, on the battery should be disabled "minus", after which the probe and lambda probe are unscrewed, located in front exhaust pipe. The sensor is also important to unscrew.

Following the photos, screw the probe on the sleeve and put our deck on the controller sensor. Now you can install everything in your place, turn on the battery and check the result.

Option 2: Lambda probe as an electronic circuit

Electronic destruction on the lambda probe is already a more expensive and complex version, but more optimal. As we have already told, the sensor sends the signals controller, which can be changed by connecting a special chart to the wires to the wires. But first it needs to be made. To do this, you will need:

• Soldering iron and a special subtle nozzle on it;
• Knife;
• Rosin;
• Condenser 1 μF;
• Resistor 1 MΩ.

In the manufacture of the device itself, this scheme of the electronic flamge of lambda probe will help.

When it is installed, you need to turn off the minus at the battery, after which it is important to isolate connections. Usually for this, the deck is placed in plastic and poured with epoxy glue.

It is necessary to connect it to the wires coming from the sensor to the connector. The place where you need to install a snack, different from each machine, so believe the torpedo, the engine compartment and the zone tonnel between the seats.

Third Option: Controller flashing

Sometimes the sensor itself is solved not to change, and reflash the controller itself. This is a pretty convenient option, because for some facial made for the second lambda with their own hands is the impossible matter, since there are not enough suitable materials.

To do this, you need to simply change the computer actions algorithm. However, this is a rather time consuming, requiring knowledge, because with the wrong setting you will receive a faulty computer. Factory firmware controller where more expensive replacement Lambda probe, therefore it is worth entrusting the work of a professional. But buy the firmware on the Internet or on the market is not very recommended, because there is a big risk to get on the scammers.

What can get the installation of various decens?

Of course, all our actions are consequences, and the established incorrect deception of 1 lambda probe can lead to the most unpleasant consequences. What can go wrong after incorrect independent installation device? Here are some truly common options for what can go wrong:

• Drain the rest of the sensors;
• The engine performance will be offended due to the injection of the mixture into the combustion chamber controller;
• It will break the tightness of the wiring and the controller itself will damn, which will break the operation of the on-board computer.

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It is in order not to happen such problems that consult with the master if you do not have due experience. Also, do not order the flammes themselves on the Internet and do not buy in the markets. It is better to cook independently or follow the work of the master.

The operation of the modern car engine is controlled by an electronic unit - a controller oriented on the testimony of a good tent of the sensors. Some of them are in easily accessible places and therefore calmly changes when it fails. But there are such as a lambda probe (otherwise - oxygen sensor, O2), mounted inside exhaust system. Instead of replacing it, experienced motorists Often they resort to the installation of the decking, saving on the purchase of a new part.

How does an oxygen sensor functions?

To make a deck of lambda probe, it will not hurt to figure out how it works and interacts with the controller. There is one significant point: the use of all kinds of simulators instead of the standard O2 sensor does not always give a positive result. It will become clear with a more detailed study of the element.

To ensure complete combustion of fuel in cylinders, the controller controller must mix it with air in optimal proportions. Theoretically, for burning 1 cm 3 gasoline, 14.7 cm 3 air will be required, whose amount is determined by the DMRV sensor. "Seeing" in this way the air flow rate, the electronic unit doses the flow of fuel injectors.

Another thing is that the controller cannot "see" how fuel burns in fact, if you do not use the lambda probe, installed at the exhaust gas output in the exhaust path. His task is to evaluate the amount of oxygen remaining in the exhaust of the car and inform the control unit about this by means of electrical signals, and that makes the appropriate conclusions:

1. A large volume of residual oxygen indicates poor fuel and air mixture. The controller increases the flow of fuel, bringing it to the norm.
2. If the oxygen in the exhaust gases is not enough, then the mixture is too enriched and the share of gasoline should be reduced in it, which makes the controller.
3. When signals from the O2 sensor become incorrect or disappeared at all (when fails), the electronics goes into emergency mode, feeding fuel in accordance with the laid program.

Lambda Probe - the element is quite sensitive and fails after 40-80 thousand km of run, depending on the operating conditions, the state of the engine and the quality of the fuel used. Signs indicate such signs:

• on the dashboard, the "Check Engine" scoreboard lights up;
• gasoline consumption increases its magnitude depends on the laid program (firmware);
• from exhaust pipe going black smoke;
• there is unstable work at idle, right up to the stop power aggregate.

In cars whose fuel systems comply with EURO 4 and higher standards, oxygen sensors are already two. The first is immediately at the outlet of the engine, the second - after the catalytic neutralizer. Electronics focuses on the testimony of both elements and prepares the fuel-air mixture more accurately.

Masters - craftsmen practiced 2 methods of "deception" of the controller in terms of lambda probe or exhaust neutralizer:

• mechanical, using a metal sleeve;
• electronic.

First of all, it is worth understanding how to circumvent the emergency mode mechanically.

Installation of mechanical decking

The use of this method is appropriate in situations where the catalyst failed or the motorist put an ordinary plane sensor instead. That is, the O2 sensor still must be in good condition.

The focus is that the mechanical means to mislead the electronics and show that the catalyst stands still and functions normally.

An additional part is a conventional bronze or steel sleeve with a thread and a hex head turnkey. In the end, a calibrated hole with a diameter of 2 mm is done, where flue gases pass, and inside the sleeve is filled with a ceramic crumb with a catalytic coating. Using the drawing of the decking, the element is easy to sharpen on the lathe or buy in the finished form.

Imitation of the operation of the neutralizer occurs as follows:

1. Gases out exhaust tract Find over the cavity of the sleeve.
2. Passing through ceramics, gases come into reaction with it, which is why harmful substances (CO and CH) decreases.
3. The treated gases go to the oxygen sensor, which gives the required control parameters.

The design of the mechanical deck of lambda probe is similar to the catalyst device, only in reduced sizes.

Install the item will not be difficult, it is only necessary to locate the sensor itself and act according to this algorithm:

1. Disable the battery, removing the "minus" terminal.
2. After performing a pre-disassembly, get to the sensor connector and disconnect it.
3. Unscrew the item and screw in its place a snap.
4. In the sleeve, screw the lambda probe and connect the connector.

Cheating with electronics

There are 3 options for the deception of the electronic unit:

• flashing;
• installing an emulator;
• using a simple scheme, paved with your own hands.

Rebuilding is a radical way once and permanently solve the problem of the non-working or missing catalyst. The essence is to exclude the second O2 sensor for the neutralizer from the "field of view" by the program methods. Then the last will be focused only on the first probe readings and does not use emergency mode.

The disadvantage of the method is the lack of correct factory firmware, and the use of others may be unsafe for the operation of the power unit. In order to successfully implement such a deception, you will have to turn to good specialists that for money is comparable with the purchase of a new catalyst.

The second option is to purchase and put the so-called electronic emulatorassembled on the basis of microprocessor and designed for certain car brands. It imitates the normal activity of Lambda Probe and successfully interacts with the electronic "brain" of the machine. No difficulties in installing, you only need to connect the device to the sensor connector.

Some masters - craftsmen put homemade bellows, attaching them to the wires leading to the connector. For the assembly requires such parts and tools:

• permanent resistor for 1 MΩ;
• condenser on 1 ICF non-polar type, designed for voltage up to 30 V;
• soldering iron, knife, nippers;
• solder, rosin.

The proposed scheme is also used to deceive the second sensor with a faulty neutralizer of exhaust gases. Finding out its location, such actions should be taken:

1. Remove part of the protective housing from the wires before the connector.
2. In the rupture of the black wire to have a resistor.
3. Condenser solder with one end to a gray wire, and the second is to black, but after the resistor.
4. Run the engine and check if the "Check Engine" score is on in all modes of operation, including on the go.

Method S. homemade scheme Not suitable for each model of cars, and the ratings of the resistor with the capacitor can vary. For faulty Lambda Probe, standing before the catalyst, this method It will not help at all.

Insofar as electronic systems modern cars It is quite complex and continue to be improved every year, the use of such shots is seen problematic. On the recent models They may not work cars, but also cause considerable material damage if the engine fails ahead of time. To avoid this, it is better to put only full-time details instead of faulty and not cut off from the "Sensity Organs" controller, which are sensors.