Total backlash in the steering of a car. What is a backlash backlash. Permissible Lufts in cars

In the steering, according to the rules roadshould not exceed 10 degrees. In fact, even a small backlash creates a driver with a mass of inconvenience, such as: knocks, when moving along bad road, digging the car on the road.

Sooner or later, the small backlash will become large and it will become absolutely impossible to ride, so it is necessary to adjust its value as soon as possible.

Free move is not considered. It can be both in one and in several elements of the steering. There is a way to determine in which one of them there is a backlash: one person must turn the wheel from one side to another within the back of the backup, and the other must observe the ball tips of the steering and for the cardanchik near the steering rack or worm if the worm transmission.

Also drawn attention to the connection of two rods, which tightly enter one into one. This compound is made with the goal to prevent the transfer of effort on in the longitudinal direction at the time of the accident when the front of the car is fright.

In advance inform about yourself a characteristic broken ball. As a rule, it happens before the appearance of a noticeable backlash. Replace and repaired them.

How to eliminate the malfunction

Remove the play in or worm can be rotating the adjusting screw, it is usually completed under the hexagon. This manipulation will not produce on a finally broken rake. In this case, it will have to change it. With timely elimination of the backlash and normal operation of the steering rack, there is enough car service for 14-15 years.

If free move is detected in the cardanchik, it is possible to eliminate it only by replacing it. As a rule, the cause of its wear lies in the absence of lubricant, which is used by solidol. The cardanchik is rarely wearing, even with poor lubricant, its operation is large enough.

Also, the backlash can be in pairing two rods. Most often, it is caused by the wear of the rubber band. To eliminate such a defect you can try to grab them with welding, but do not overdo it - it is meant to grab a little.

Point pulling will be very well to restrain the rods and the backlash, but it is also important that such welding will not withstand the applied effort at the time of the accident - the connection will collapse and the effort on steering wheel Do not transmit. So implemented in this case the principle of passive security.

If you know that in your car there is a play in, though small, eliminate it and controlling the car will become noticeably more pleasant and easier.

2.1. The total backlash in the steering is greater than the following values:

• Passenger cars and based on their base trucks and buses - 10 °
• Buses - 20 °
• Trucks - 25 °

2.2. There are not stipulated by the design of parts and nodes. Threaded connections not tightened or not fixed an established method. Disabled to fix the position of the steering column.

2.3. Faulty or missing steering steering or steering damper (for motorcycles).

With what value of the total backlash in the steering is allowed to operate a passenger car?

Total backlash a passenger car should not exceed 10 degrees.

With what maximum value of the total backlash in the steering is allowed to operate the bus?

The total backlash in the steering control of the truck should not exceed 25 degrees.

Motorists should carefully monitor the condition of the components and the mechanisms of the operated car. Careful relationship vehicle (TC) can lead to very serious breakdowns and emergency situations on the roads. Malfunctions Auto differ in scale and complexity, in the presence of some of them the operation of transport is prohibited.

1 When the operation of the machine is questionable - 3 problems

There are different car malfunctions under which it is forbidden to operate the vehicle. With most of them, you can use to get to the repair workshop, but for any other movement it is no longer intended. According to the standards of operating traffic rules, transport can be prohibited, even with relatively small problems.

Several fault categories are allocated under which it is impossible or not recommended to use TC:

1. Problems with cars, under which further operation is strictly prohibited. Such malfunctions include breakdowns, at which even when driving into an auto repair shop, the car may be a serious danger for the driver itself and all other road users. Strongly damaged cars will be taken for repairs on the tow truck or towing.
2. Faults in which the operation of the auto is prohibited, in addition to the movement to the repair shop. Such problems with the machine include mechanical malfunctions.
3. Minor breakdowns, in which the operation of the vehicle is possible - non-working shock absorber, windows, etc. In other words, malfunctions are considered insignificant that do not have a serious impact on the work of the car. However, even such breakdowns can lead to some difficulties when using the machine and the emergence of much more significant faults.

That is why it is necessary to periodically carry out diagnostics to identify faults and react to any detected problems in the mechanisms and nodes of the vehicle. Only so you can guarantee a long service and the reliability of your own car.

2 malfunctions in which the use of vehicles are categorically prohibited

More often the cause of impossibility safe use Machines are challenges with steering and brake system. With faulty brakes, auto use cannot be used, because such a vehicle is a serious threat to road safety. PDD indicates that the operation of the vehicle is possible only if brake system It can provide a fixed state of the car with full load on the road at an angle of up to 16 degrees. For passenger cars and buses, the stop angle is 23 degrees, and for freight - 31.

There are only two brake system malfunctions, under which the further operation of the car is possible:

1. Reduced free pedal course.
2. Non-working brake lamp.

The steering is not less common, because of which it is impossible to use the machine. The vehicle is prohibited to operate if the backlash player is exceeding the permissible norm. For different cars This norm varies:

1. For passenger cars - 10.
2. For buses - 2.
3. For trucks - 25.

In addition, the car is strictly forbidden to be used in case of malfunctions of external light instruments. At night and with poor visibility, the car with non-working headlights cannot be fine and safely moving along the road, it is a direct threat to the driver and other motorists. The number of lighting devices must fully correspond to the number provided by the design.

Operation of the car is also impossible under the following conditions:

1. If external lighting devices are severely contaminated.
2. If headlights are incorrectly performed.
3. If the headlights are not installed diffusers or they do not correspond to the type of lighting devices used.
4. If the machine does not work the rear dimensions.
5. If the front headlights are installed with lights of any color, except white.

The color of external light lights is regulated by GOST. If appliances are installed that do not correspond to p. 2.5.6 GOST, then the operation of such a vehicle will be prohibited. But the car without fog lights You can use without fear of problems with auto aspects.

Separately, it is worth affecting the theme of cars with non-working washers and wipers. Machine with such malfunctions is allowed to use, but only under conditions when these problems do not have a negative impact on road safety. During the periods, when there is a need for such devices, for example, with a strong rain or snowfall, it is impossible to use the car, because the driver simply cannot follow and respond to the situation on the road in a timely manner.

If the car with non-working wipers will stop during rain, and penalties can be accepted against the driver, which will be accompanied by removal from the vehicle of license plates. However, this is not the worst result of the operation of the vehicle with non-working cleaners from possible, because due to such a problem increases the likelihood of an accident. If the car is operated along with the trailer, it cannot be used in the case of a non-working or unreliable coupling device.

3 Mechanical damage in which you can rent only to Autocentre

With mechanical problems with the car, the driver is allowed to deliver it to the place of repair or destination, subject to all possible security measures. This mechanical damage is made to include significant wear of tire protector and other rubber malfunctions:

• mechanical damage to tires in which the cord becomes visible;
• bundle carcass bay;
• the initial stage of carbon tread delay.

Drivers are also forbidden to also put on one axis of the tire with various drawings of the protectors, and also combine winter and summer tires - Tires with spikes and without. Another reason for the need for the speedy transportation of the vehicle to the place of repair is faulty Engine. The car can not be used if there are too large in the exhaust gases harmful substances - When this figure significantly exceeds the permissible norm. On the machine you can not ride and in the case when it produces too strong noise when moving.

Often there are other problems in which cars can only be used to move to the car repair shop, namely:

• problems in the work of the manual brake;
• the absence of seat belts or their inappropriate quality;
• speedometer breakdown (it is desirable to eliminate a malfunction on the site of its detection, if it is impossible to do this, you need to immediately go to the repair shop);
• problems with the sound signal;
• the lack of an emergency stop or aid kit (these shortcomings do not affect the machine operability, but according to the law, without these elements, it is impossible to use);
• breakdown of glass heating mechanism;
• breakfast mechanism for adjusting the driver's seat.

Problems, due to which the car is prohibited to operate, can create motorists themselves. By law it is forbidden to hang on rear glass Shutters, if at least on one side of the car there is no side mirror of the rear view.

If you have revealed a malfunction, no matter how small it is, it is necessary to eliminate it soon. If this is not done, then calmly ride the car will not work. First, due to breakdowns on the road, an emergency may occur. Secondly, the malfunction can be detected by the traffic police officers, as a result of which penalties will be accepted against you. Thirdly, tightening repairs, you risks greatly aggravate and complicate existing problems, resulting in belated repairs will cost much more expensive.

Annex to the main provisions for the access of vehicles to the exploitation and responsibilities of officials to ensure road safety.

This list establishes car malfunctions, buses, road trains, trailers, motorcycles, mopeds, tractors, others self-propelled machines and the conditions under which their operation is prohibited. Methods for verifying the above parameters are regulated by GOST R 51709-2001 Motor vehicles. Safety requirements for technical condition and verification methods. "

1. Brake systems

1.1 The rate of braking efficiency of the working brake system does not correspond to the GOST R 51709-2001.

1.2 The tightness of the hydraulic brake drive is impaired.

1.3 Violation of the tightness of pneumatic and pneumohydraulic brake drives causes a drop in air pressure at disabled Engine 0.05 MPa and more than 15 minutes after fulfilling them into action. Squeezed air leakage from wheel brake chambers.

1.4 There is no pressure gauge of pneumatic or pneumohydraulic brake drives.

1.5 The parking brake system does not provide a fixed state:

• vehicles with full load - on a slope to 16 percent inclusive;
• passenger cars and buses in the exacculent state - to a slope to 23 percent inclusive;
• trucks and road trains in the exacculent state - to a slope to 31 percent inclusive.

2. Steering

2.1 The total backlash in the steering is greater than the following values:

2.2 There are not stipulated by the design of parts and nodes. Threaded connections are not tightened or not fixed in the manner. Disabled to fix the position of the steering column.

2.3 Faulty or missing steering steering or steering damper (for motorcycles).

3. External light devices

3.1 Number, type, color, location and mode of operation of external light instruments do not comply with the requirements of the vehicle design.

Note

On vehicles removed from production, it is allowed to install external lighting devices from vehicles of other brands and models.

3.2 Headlight adjustment does not comply with GOST R 51709-2001.

3.3 Do not work in the installed mode or contaminated external light instruments and light rails.

3.4 There are no diffusers on light instruments or diffusers and lamps are used that do not correspond to the type of this light instrument.

3.5 Installation of flashing beacons, methods for their fastening and visibility light signal Do not meet the established requirements.

3.6 The vehicle is installed:

• in front - lighting devices with lights of any color, except white, yellow or orange, and retroreflective fixtures of any color, except white;
• rear - Lanterns rear stroke and lighting a state registration sign with lights of any color, except white, and other lighting devices with lights of any color, except red, yellow or orange, as well as retroreflective devices of any color, except red.
  (p. 3.6 as amended by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 28.02.2006 N 109)

Note

The provisions of this paragraph do not apply to state registration, distinctive and identifying signsinstalled on vehicles.
(Note introduced by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 28.02.2006 N 109)

4. Windshield wipers and windshield facilities

4.1 Do not work in the installed glass wipers.

4.2 Do not work provided by the vehicle design windows.

5. Wheels and tires

5.1 Tires of passenger cars have the residual height of the tread pattern less than 1.6 mm, trucks - 1 mm, buses - 2 mm, motorcycles and mopeds - 0.8 mm.

Note

For trailers, the standards of the residual height of tire tread pattern are set, similar to the standards for vehicle tires - tractors.

5.2 Tires have external damage (trifles, cuts, breaks), exposing cords, as well as bundle frame, debriefing the tread and sidewalls.

5.3 There is no bolt (nut) fastening or there are cracks of the disk and rim wheels, there are visible violations of the shape and sizes of the mounting holes.

5.4 Tires in size or permissible load do not correspond to the vehicle model.

5.5 On one axis of the vehicle installed tires of various sizes, structures (radial, diagonal, chamber, tubeless), models, with different tread patterns, frost-resistant and enemora-resistant, new and reconstructed, new and in-depth tread pattern. On the vehicle are made included and uncomplicated tires.
(PP. 5.5 as amended by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 05/10/2010 N 316)

6. Engine

6.1 The content of harmful substances in the exhaust gases and their smoke exceed the values \u200b\u200bestablished by GOST R 52033-2003 and GOST R 52160-2003.

6.2 Violated the tightness of the power system.

6.3 The exhaust gas release system is faulty.

6.4 The tightness of the crankcase ventilation system is broken.

6.5 The permissible level of external noise exceeds the values \u200b\u200bestablished by Gost P 52231-2004.

7. Other design elements

7.1 The number, location and class of the rear-type mirrors do not correspond to the GOST R 51709-2001, there are no glasses provided by the design of the vehicle.

7.2 Sound signal does not work.

7.3 Additional objects are installed or coatings are applied, limiting visibility from the driver's seat.

Note

On the top of the windshield of cars and buses can be attached transparent color films. It is allowed to use tinted glasses (except for mirror), the light transmission of which corresponds to GOST 5727-88. It is allowed to use curtains on the windows of tourist buses, as well as blinds and curtains on rear windows cars in the presence of outdoor rearview mirrors on both sides.

7.4 Do not work provided by the design of body doors or cabin, boosts cargo platform, Popps Gorlowin Tanks and Tube Fuel Tanks, Driver Seat Adjustment Mechanism, Door Emergency Switch and Signal Signal Requirements on the bus, Internal Lighting Automatic Lighting Automobiles, Emergency Outputs and Access Contacts, Door Control Drive, Speedometer, Tachograph, Anti-theft Devices , Heating devices and glass blowing.

7.5 There are no rear protective device, dirt shrinkage and mudguards provided by the design.

7.6 Faults of the traction and the tractor and trailer, and the trailers, and there are no or defectory safety cables (chains) provided by their design. There are backlays in a motorcycle frame compounds with a side trailer frame.

7.7 No:

• by bus, passenger and cargo cars, wheel tractors - medical first aid kit, fire extinguisher, emergency stop sign according to GOST R 41.27-99;
  
• on the trucks with a maximum mass of over 3.5 tons and buses with a permitted maximum mass of over 5 tons - anti-taking stops (must be at least two);
• on a motorcycle with a side trailer - a medical first aid kit, an emergency stop sign according to GOST P 41.27-99.
  (as amended by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated December 14, 2005 N 767)

7.8 Unlawful vehicle equipment by identifying sign "Federal Protection Service Russian Federation», flashing beacons and (or) with special sound signals or the presence on the outer surfaces of vehicles of special colorographic schemes, inscriptions and designations that are not relevant state standards Russian Federation.
(as amended by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 16.02.2008 N 84)

7.9 There are no seat belts and (or) subheadings of seats, if their installation is provided for by the vehicle design or the main provisions for the access of vehicles and the responsibilities of job safety officials.
(clause 7.9 as amended by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 02.24.2010 N 87)

7.10 Safety belts are inoperable or have visible holes on the strap.

7.11 Spare wheel holder, winch and lifting mechanism - lowering the spare wheel. The winch ratchet device does not record the drum with the fastener rope.

7.12 On the semi-trailer there is no or defective supporting device, locksters of the transport position of supports, lifting mechanisms and lowering supports.

7.13 It is impaired tightness of seals and engine connections, gearbox, side gearboxes, rear axles, clutch, rechargeable battery, cooling and air conditioning systems and additionally installed on the vehicle hydraulic devices.

7.14 Technical specificationsshown on the outer surface of gas cylinders of cars and buses equipped with gas system Nutrition, do not correspond to the technical passport data, there are no dates of the last and planned examination.

7.15 State register sign A vehicle or method of its installation does not respond to GOST R 50577-93.

7.15.1 There are no identification signs that must be established in accordance with paragraph 8 of the main provisions on the access of vehicles for the operation and responsibilities of officials to ensure road safety, approved by the Council of Ministers, the Government of the Russian Federation of October 23, 1993 No. 1090 "On the Rules road traffic.

7.16 On motorcycles there are no security arc design.

7.17 On motorcycles and mopeds there are no constructions of the footboard, transverse handles for passengers on the saddle.

7.18 Changes were made to the design of the vehicle without the permission of the State Safety Inspectorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation or other bodies defined by the Government of the Russian Federation.