What is normal engine oil consumption? Car oil consumption per 100 km of run

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Every car enthusiast knows for sure that for the engine to work properly in his car, it is necessary to maintain the required level of lubrication. During operation, the oil is naturally consumed and needs to be refilled. The question arises, what is the normal oil consumption in the engine?

In this article, we will just talk about this, the reasons for the consumption of lubricant for the most common engines will be described, and recommendations for proper control of lubrication in the engine will also be given.

Factors Affecting Increased Oil Consumption

Increased lubricant consumption is a wake-up call for any car owner. Usually, high consumption oil in the engine is present in vehicles with high mileage... This indicator must be monitored periodically, because a lack of oil can cause expensive repairs.

The oil consumption rate consists of a combination of the following factors:

The age of the motor and its specifications ... This also includes timely maintenance, weather conditions under which it was operated, etc.;
Engine type. Normal oil consumption for gasoline, diesel and turbocharged engines varies significantly and this aspect must be taken into account;
The quality indicators of the lubricant itself play a huge role.... Oil viscosity is one of the main criteria for assessing consumption.

It should be noted that an excessive amount of fuel and lubricants in the engine also increases its consumption. Normalized level indicator lubricating fluid can prevent costly repairs and save money from unnecessary expenses.

The vehicle can be operated in different conditions (for example, frequent downtime in traffic jams or, on the contrary, driving on suburban roads), which affect the correctness of the information on consumption. A generally accepted indicator for measuring oil consumption in an engine is the ratio of the amount of lubricant used per 100 liters of fuel.

Indicators of normal oil consumption for different types of engines

As described earlier, it is worth paying Special attention the type of engine in your vehicle. Oil consumption different motors directly depends on their device. Below are the figures for the normal flow rate for each type of motor.

Petrol power unit

On the road transport recently released from the conveyor, normal oil consumption is considered to be an indicator that does not exceed 2.5 ml / 100 l of fuel... It is worth noting that when running in a new car, this figure can be much higher, since the new parts have not yet completely got used to each other.

Permissible for used cars, the indicator is 100 g per 100 l of fuel... Such oil consumption is typical for cars with low mileage and in good technical condition.

Increased oil consumption of about 0.5 liters per 100 liters of fuel is already considered critical... With such a lubricant consumption or higher, the engine can simply jam on the go, therefore, with such indicators, it is recommended to visit the nearest technical inspection point.

Diesel power unit

Normal fuel consumption for diesel engines is at around 300-500 g / 100 liters. The critical flow rate for this type of motor is a flow rate of 2000 g / 100 l. IN diesel engine increased pressure is constantly present, which affects oil costs. Very often diesel engines are used in construction equipment and trucks who are constantly transporting heavy loads. All these additional power inputs also increase lubricant consumption significantly.

Turbocharged power unit

It is worth saying that more and more new engines with turbines have appeared recently. There are both gasoline power units with a turbine and modern turbodiesels on the market. The number of turbines can also reach 3 units on one engine.

These powertrains have tremendous power in a completely small size. It follows from this that oil consumption directly depends on the power of the engine, therefore these units are subject to the greatest waste of lubricant.

Even a new turbocharged engine has a consumption of about 80 g of oil per 1000 liters. For the full operation of the turbine itself, lubrication is required, and if there are several turbines, then the costs of fuels and lubricants will be much greater.

And so, the oil consumption indicator is 1 liter per 1000 km or 100 liters of fuel for conventional engine is a critical norm, and for 2 other types of engines, the critical indicator will be 2 l / 1000 km or 100 l of fuel.

Reasons for overestimating the consumption of oil may consist in a dirty oil filter, its condition must also be monitored and a new one must be installed during a regular oil change.

Why is grease overrun?

Oil inside car engine can be consumed both naturally and for a number of the following reasons:

Banal overflow of oil into the engine... The increased volume of lubricant forces the oil to push itself through the holes inside the engine. The oil simply evaporates through the ventilation system to the outside and requires further topping up;
Purchasing the cheapest lubricant... Low-quality oil has a minimal viscosity and evaporates more quickly compared to more expensive counterparts;
Excessive loads on the power unit... Too active driving style contributes to an increase in oil consumption, and this indicator can also be influenced by the terrain itself (mountainous, flat, etc.);
Ambient temperature... An increase in temperature is directly proportional to an increase in lubricant consumption;
Physical losses... Usually they are associated with a malfunction of the oil filter, but can be caused by a leakage of the motor itself. Very often the gasket between the cylinder head and the engine housing fails, or the bolts can simply loosen.

Do not forget that a regular oil change should be done at least once every 10,000 km. Such recommendations are usually given by the car manufacturer, but in reality it is better to change the oil much more often. It is believed that no more than 8 thousand km should pass from replacement to replacement, and for cars with increased power, this procedure is advised to be carried out every 5 thousand km.

In used road vehicles, various additives can be additionally used to help reduce lubricant consumption. On modern automotive market there are many engines that, due to their design features start to "eat" oil already in the first year of operation.

The operation of which assemblies and engine parts affects the increased lubricant consumption?

The liquid inside the engine can leak out or evaporate. As a rule, evaporation occurs on the surface of overheated parts and mechanisms. Next, we will describe the main signs of incorrect operation of engine parts, which can affect the "zhor" oil:

The main block of cylinders. Often, the gasket between the block and the cylinder head begins to leak. The problem can be identified visually;
Crankshaft . Similar to the above case, the oil seals may leak due to severe wear. You can detect the problem by disassembling the motor. The oil seals in this case will have to be replaced with new ones;
Oil filter... It may become clogged or simply not properly screwed on. The problem is easy to identify visually and replace this unit with a new one;
Gas control valves... The valve stem seals may fail due to overheating. Oil will begin to seep into the timing mechanism. The problem is eliminated by replacing the rubber caps;
Oil scraper rings... The wear of these rings on the pistons is very frequent problem... From exhaust pipe bluish smoke from oil fumes begins to go. The situation can be corrected by replacing the rings;
Malfunction of cylinders... Often they are under the influence high temperatures seizure and excessive wear are formed. Oil is literally absorbed into these microcracks, causing unnecessary lubricant consumption. The problem can sometimes be solved by replacing the piston and oil scraper rings, but boring or grinding of the cylinders themselves may also be required;
Turbine lubrication. The turbocharger constantly blows air, because of this, it constantly gets very hot. He also needs lubrication in the process. The size of the turbines can be very different, so the total volume of oil in the engine must be taken into account.

Conclusion

This text highlighted the most significant points regarding the normal oil consumption in road transport. The normal consumption that each type of engine should have was described, and the reasons why this unnecessary waste occurs were described.

Should constantly monitor the lubricant level in your car engine. You should not allow both its lack and excess in equal measure. Anyway, before starting to use vehicle it is worth carefully studying the instructions for its operation. It is also worth using fuels and lubricants recommended by the car manufacturer. In this case, the risks will be minimized.

It should be remembered that oil consumption in motor vehicles with decent mileage is always much higher, therefore, if lubrication costs are more than 500 grams per 100 liters of gasoline or a thousand kilometers, you should contact the service center and conduct a thorough check of the entire engine.

Consumption engine oil is determined depending on the amount that burns out in the engine. can speak either of its poor quality (the lubricant then burns out excessively), or of a malfunction of the engine itself (a leak occurs, most often through the valve seals and oil scraper rings). Everything will depend on the specific numbers and additional symptoms that may appear with a burnout of the lubricating fluid.

How is engine oil consumption calculated?

To determine the rate, it is not the mileage that is taken into account, but the consumption of the fuel resource. Such an indicator is more accurate than the distance traveled, because when you are in traffic jams, the oil is depleted even more, and the odometer does not change its value.

It is customary to calculate the consumption of oil in the engine by its volume of fuel consumed for combustion of 100 liters.

To find out the oil consumption rate in your car engine, you need to use the calculation formula and calculator, or use this online form. It involves calculating the permissible amount of oil for waste according to the type of engine, the volume of operating oil and the amount of fuel consumed, taking into account the state piston group.

Calculated formulas for oil consumption

General actual oil consumption for waste during its cycle(from replacement to replacement) can be calculated using the formula:

Qy = ∑q + (Qs-Qsl),

Where ∑q is the oil topped up during the cycle (between TO); Qз - filled during refueling; Qsl - drained when replacing.

And here the consumption of the filled oil in liters per 100 liters of fuel defined as follows:

Mz = V / (P * k),

Where V is the capacity of the engine lubrication system; P is the consumed fuel k is the coefficient taking into account the wear of the piston group (k - for diesel car 1.25; gasoline 1.15; turbo 1.3).

Oil consumption rates increase up to 20% for vehicles after major overhaul and in operation for more than 5 years.

Engine oil consumption rate for waste

For passenger transport, a normal indicator of waste is a consumption of 0.005 - 0.025% per 100 liters of fuel, which is approximately 5 to 25 grams of oil per 1,000 km. In a worn out engine, up to 0.1% and 100 gr. by 1000 km, respectively. Well, if the car is working at the limit or has a turbocharged or diesel unit, then such a rate will be even greater.

For freight long meters oil consumption rate 0.3 - 0.4% of fuel consumption. The calculation formula uses the amount of burned fuel and added oil during this period. But this calculation of oil consumption, assumed by the automaker Scania, is relevant only for heavy cars with a large engine. Calculations of the lubricant consumption in passenger cars, both with diesel and gasoline engines, has a slightly different look.

Engine oil consumption rate per 100 liters. fuels for cars

For carburetor cars VAZ is considered the norm to be a consumption of 0.3 to 0.4 liters. for 100 liters of fuel.

A gasoline engine operating at the limit of its capabilities can consume from 0.4 to 0.6% at 100 hp. consumed fuel, which is approximately 400 - 600 grams of engine oil per 1000 km of run. With a diesel engine, the situation is exactly the same - the consumption of lubricant by the engine increases by 0.5%. But if these are forced turbodiesels with two turbines, then the consumption can reach up to 3% of the volume of oil poured into the engine.

Please be aware that oil consumption rates significantly increase for vehicles after overhaul and in service more than five years.

The average indicator of the engine oil consumed by the engine after a run of 150 thousand km is 0.35 - 0.55 liters.

Method for determining oil consumption

Oil level on the dipstick

Determination of the actual value of the specific consumption of engine oil for waste is carried out with a mileage of 200-300 km. During the test drive, the car must be in good technical condition. The oil level in the crankcase must be between the "MAX" and "MIN" marks on the engine dipstick. Before the test run, it is necessary to warm up the engine, the oil temperature should be 80-85 ° C. Drain the oil on a level surface. It should drain from the pallet within 15 minutes. For the accuracy of the result, it is advisable to determine not the volume, but precisely the weight, since the amount of lubricant remaining in the filter can be found only by weighing it.

How to use the calculator

One of the main roles in this calculation is played by the volume of fuel burned and the volume of operating oil, as well as the type of engine. It is with regard to this volume and the specifics of the work that the specific oil consumption is calculated.

To calculate the specific oil consumption in the engine, you need the following data:

In the field "fuel" - enter the average fuel consumption in liters, per 1,000 km. mileage (by default and based on the calculated formulas, this is 100 liters);
In the field "oil" - the volume of oil that is regulated by the manufacturer as required when filling;
Select the type of engine and mark if the machine has been in operation for more than 5 years
Click "calculate".

Please note that the results of the calculator for calculating the permissible engine oil consumption rate are a general case and for some engines (assumed by the specifics of the design) may be inaccurate and need to be adjusted.

Such a calculator can be an indispensable tool for calculating the consumption rate. lubricants designed for the operational accounting of the specific consumption of engine oil when justifying the need for them. After all, if not all, then many motorists are quite alarming about the consumption of oil in the engine. This service will show if you fit into the nominal values. If not, then you will have an objective reason to look for the causes and possible problems.

What's the bottom line

That is, if the engine is in order, then it practically does not take oil, and you will not need to top up until the next change. Its level will be within the permissible limits on the dipstick (within the min / max marks). But there are cases when the manufacturer indicates consumption rates for a specific power unit(some), then its refilling is considered natural and is not a malfunction, but it does not, on average, exceed 1-2 glasses from replacement to replacement.

It is important to understand that the harder the engine runs, the more oil burns in it. So, for example, the higher the number of revolutions, the more oil will remain in the cylinders of the car engine. Although, one should not forget not only about the operating mode of the engine, but also about its design. And you should not neglect the tolerances of engine oils and fill in fuels and lubricants of dubious quality.

The problem of engine oil consumption worries many motorists. As you know, lubricant consumption is one of the important indicators of the general condition of the engine. From some car owners, you can hear that the engine does not take oil, that is, the level remains the same or remains within acceptable limits from replacement to replacement.

Others note increased or high oil consumption in the engine, which is a necessity. Immediately, we note that the manufacturers themselves separately indicate the rates of oil consumption in the engine. This means that the power unit can consume lubricant within certain limits, and this consumption is not a malfunction.

This phenomenon is commonly referred to as oil waste consumption. However, exceeding the rate of topping up oil in the engine may well indicate the occurrence of problems with the internal combustion engine, engine, etc.

In this article, we will consider what "oil appetite" of various power units can be considered acceptable, as well as what factors and features affect the consumption of lubricant in an internal combustion engine.

Read in this article

So, let's start with the fact that all engines consume more or less engine oil. This happens taking into account the design features of the internal combustion engine, namely because of the urgent need to lubricate components and assemblies. In other words, most of the loss of lubricant occurs as a result of the need to supply lubricant to the cylinder walls.

This area in the engine is a heat-loaded area. For this reason, there is a partial evaporation and combustion of the lubricant. Also, part of the oil is not removed from the cylinder walls, as a result of which the remaining lubricant burns along with the fuel in the combustion chamber.

Typically in modern engines the declared oil consumption is, on average, from 0.1 to 0.3% of the total fuel consumption, which was spent to overcome any segment of the route. It turns out that if the car has traveled 100 km, and the consumption is 10 liters of fuel, then the average consumption of 20 grams of oil will also be the norm.

It turns out that the lubricant consumption can be considered acceptable if it does not exceed the mark of about 3 liters. for 10 thousand kilometers traveled. It is also important to understand that the consumption rate will greatly depend on the type of engine, its degree, etc.

For example, for many gasoline internal combustion engines, the norm is around 0.1%. On gasoline turbo engines, the consumption indicator is noticeably higher. Regarding, the declared consumption of lubricant at the rate will be greater than any gasoline analogue and is, on average, from 0.8 to 3%. The specified 3% is consumed by forced turbodiesels with two turbines, etc.

It is also possible to separately mention rotary motors, which are particularly prone to the consumption of lubricating fluid. Such units (taking into account their fully serviceable condition) consume about 1-1.2 liters of oil per 1000 km. mileage. For reference, in the manuals for different engines it is indicated that the rate of oil consumption for waste is 1 liter per 3 thousand kilometers traveled, that is, about 3 liters per 10 thousand kilometers.

At the same time, manufacturers also note that the consumption directly depends both on the technical condition of the internal combustion engine and on the features of the operation of a particular vehicle (load on the unit, speed, etc.)

What determines the oil consumption in the engine and how to reduce it

As mentioned above, oil is consumed in any engine, since the oil film on the parts to protect against dry friction burns in the chamber along with the fuel charge. If we add to this the natural wear of the internal combustion engine during operation, then the consumption of lubricant increases further.

However, it becomes quite obvious that 3 liters of oil per 10 thousand km. for a small car with an in-line aspirated engine, it can be considered a high consumption, while for a powerful unit with a large working volume, this is a perfectly acceptable indicator. Practice shows that even if the engine began to "eat" oil above the norm, it is more economically profitable to simply top up the lubricant than to immediately overhaul the engine only because of the increased consumption.

The fact is that at many service stations, masters prefer not to diagnose a separate cause of increased oil consumption, but immediately offer the owner to make a major overhaul. At the same time, it is important to take into account that not always in such expensive repairs there is a need.

First of all, lubricant consumption can be increased due to the fact that oil flows out of the engine. In this case, it is sufficient to replace the gaskets and oil seals. As a rule, you need to pay attention to, camshaft oil seals, etc.

In various situations, lubricant can flow on the outer surface (leak out), as well as penetrate into other systems. For example, if the crankshaft oil seal is to blame, and a puddle may form under the car.

If oil is actively consumed in the engine for waste,. In this case, especially in comparison with a leak, it is much more difficult to establish the cause without disassembling the engine.

However, even in such a situation, you can try to fight with waste before agreeing to repair. First of all, the lubricant consumption depends on the operating mode of the motor. In other words, driving at high speeds leads to an increase in temperature and loads, the oil liquefies, it is worse removed by rings from the cylinder walls, burns out, etc.

It is also important to understand that the lubricant may not be suitable for the engine in certain parameters. This means that you need to know which oil to choose for the engine and what features you need to consider.

If the engine is worn out, then in parallel it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of the selection of oil for engines with high mileage. In a nutshell, the reduced viscosity material forms a thin film that the oil scraper rings cannot remove from the walls. If the grease is thick, then the film is very thick, while the rings cannot remove such a layer in full.

Given the above, it becomes clear that you need to use the most suitable oil both in terms of tolerances and in terms of the high-temperature viscosity index. For example, from the list of recommended lubricants in the manual, you need to select a product with a higher viscosity compared to what is currently filled.

Each of the solutions has both its advantages and disadvantages, however, for a worn out engine, in many cases it is possible to reduce lubricant consumption and.

An increase in crankcase pressure also causes excessive lubricant consumption. In simple words, high pressure blow-by gas causes oil to end up where it shouldn't.

As a result, the lubricant enters the cylinders through the inlet, after which it burns in the engine along with the fuel. In such a situation, it is necessary to diagnose and clean the crankcase ventilation system.

Problems with also lead to the fact that there are leaks of lubricant in the area of the supercharger, oil also penetrates into the cylinders through the inlet, etc.
The solution requires diagnostics and repair of the turbine. As a last resort, you can replace the turbocharger, which will also reduce the lubricant consumption.

What is the bottom line

Taking into account the above, we can conclude that the main reason for overhaul of the engine is the presence of significant defects and damage, as well as high wear and tear of parts and wear on the cylinder walls (scuffing, changes in geometry, etc.).

In this case, remove the "zhor" oil only by decoking, replacing the rings, valve stem seals or switching to a more viscous lubricant will no longer work. Usually, engines with such damage have low compression, start poorly both on cold and hot ones, and significantly lose power.

During the operation of the unit, knocking and extraneous noise... As a rule, after disassembly and troubleshooting, the block needs to be bored / sleeve, crankshaft grinding, etc. In other words, you need overhaul.

If the engine is worn out, but it works normally, while the oil consumption is higher than the norm, then you should not expect an instant increase in the lubricant consumption. More and more lubricant will be consumed, but this problem will progress slowly.

It turns out, adding several liters of grease for every 10 thousand km. will allow you to operate such a motor for more than a dozen thousand kilometers without overhaul (if no other breakdowns occur). At the same time, in terms of costs, it is more profitable to add lubricant than to repair the motor.

Additionally, the use of more viscous oil, replacement of valve seals and cleaning of the crankcase ventilation system will help to reduce the overall consumption of lubricant and the cost of maintaining and servicing the internal combustion engine.

Normal flow rate MM

It is impossible to give an exact answer to the question of what oil consumption in the engine should be considered normal, since this indicator can vary greatly depending on a variety of factors. We only note that the combustion of oil in the CPG is a natural process, which, unfortunately, cannot be avoided. Since grease is supplied to cylinder walls operating under extreme temperature conditions, evaporation and partial combustion are inevitable. A certain amount of MM remains on the walls of the cylinders due to the not absolutely tight fit piston rings, therefore, this grease enters the combustion chamber, igniting with the air-fuel mixture. If we give very general and approximate figures, then in modern power units the consumption declared by the manufacturer is 0.1-0.3% of the total fuel consumption used to overcome a certain distance. For example, let's take a car that consumes 10 l / 100 km. fuel. Every 100 kilometers, he will lose about 10-30 grams of oil.

If, with a run of 10 thousand km, the consumption exceeds 3 liters, this is already a reason to think about why your car has become so gluttonous. However, in many cases this is a completely natural process - the result of wear of rubbing parts and an increase in gaps with a decrease in their ability to hold the thinnest oil film. Note that during the running-in of the vehicle (or when installing a new power unit, as well as after replacing the piston group), oil consumption increases on average to one liter per thousand km. Depending on operating conditions, oil consumption rates per 1000 km. with a car mileage in the range of 10-150 thousand km, the following will be:

with moderate driving mode - 0.25 l.;
when driving with an increased load - 0.4 l.;
if the car is operated in a mountainous area - 0.5 l.;
if the power unit has a mileage exceeding 150 thousand km. - 0.3-0.55 l.

And yet it is generally accepted that the standard indicators are reduced depending on the type of motor.

Consumption rates for classic atmospheric engines

Currently, the share of gasoline atmospheric power units among the entire mass of internal combustion engines remains predominant. For motors with a relatively short service life, the generally accepted consumption rate is about 0.005-0.025% for every 100 liters. In other words, provided that the fuel consumption indicator is within the normal range, your car will "eat" 5.0-25.0 grams for every thousand km of run. For worn-out engines, this figure rises to 0.025-0.1%, or 25-100 grams of MM are burned every 1000 kilometers. If you operate the car in difficult or extreme conditions, be mentally prepared for the fact that after every thousand kilometers you will have to add 400 to 650 grams of lubricant.

Consumption rates for turbocharged units

Forced gasoline power units differ from the increased fuel consumption, therefore, even for new cars, the rate of engine oil consumption will be about 80 grams for every 100 liters of fuel burned. Modern market offers an increasing number of cars equipped with just such power units, while the number of turbines can vary from one to three. With much more power with comparable or even smaller dimensions, such motors are considered the most demanding in terms of both fuel consumption and lubricant consumption. This is understandable, since the turbines themselves require lubrication and are an important source of its losses. And if there are several turbines, then the oil consumption will be even higher. The permissible oil consumption on a forced engine strongly depends on both the driving style and the resource of the engine, therefore it is difficult to give specific indicators here.

MM consumption on diesel engines

The rate of oil consumption for waste on a new diesel power unit is comparable to that for turbocharged ones. gasoline engines and is about 0.3-0.55 grams for every 100 liters of fuel. A critical mark indicating that you should contact a specialist is the excess of the engine oil consumption rate in the engine by two or more liters for every thousand kilometers.

Reasons for the increase in MM consumption

A noticeable increase in engine oil consumption, as already noted, is a natural phenomenon, but there may be several reasons for this situation. Let's try to figure out what exactly has the greatest influence on the degree of increase in the consumption of lubricant and whether it is possible (and how justified it is) to deal with this. In most cases, oil is consumed more than the norm due to overheating of rubbing parts (evaporation) or as a result of an increase in technological gaps (leakage). Some problems simply indicate wear, which is not critical for the engine, and its elimination requires an expensive overhaul. Other reasons may indicate the presence of very serious malfunctions, without urgent elimination of which the engine may soon fail.

Perhaps the most common cause of MM leakage is a violation of the integrity of the BC gasket. This situation usually occurs either as a result of improper tightening of the bolts, or due to overheating of the motor. The way to diagnose the problem is quite simple - visual inspection power unit. The presence of damage to the gasket will be indicated by oil leaks present in the area of the gasket. According to statistics, aluminum motors are especially prone to this malfunction. If traces of MM are found on the engine, the problem should be eliminated. It is quite possible that for this it is enough to tighten the insufficiently clamped bolts, but more often the reason lies in the curvature of the surface of the BC head. In this case, it must be leveled and the gasket replaced.

Crankshaft

The second common cause of increased engine oil consumption is the leakage of lubricant through the oil seals. This will be indicated by MM smudges under the power unit. The cause of the leak is the wear of the edges of the sealing elements. This result can lead to:

use of low-quality oil seals;
the use of oils not recommended by the car manufacturer;
long-term operation of the grease (exceeding the scheduled replacement time).

The second reason is most often encountered, especially for outdated car models. The problem is relatively easy to fix by replacing the leaking oil seals.

Oil filter

Poorly screwed oil filter- an infrequent cause of lubricant leakage, most often manifested when self-replacement of this consumable inexperienced car owners. Typically, to ensure the required tightness, the O-ring is lubricated with a small amount of MM. Beginners do not take this nuance into account, and when screwing in the oil filter, insufficient effort is used, which leads to a leak. If the problem persists, it is better to replace the oil filter with a new one.

Valve

Leakage of valve stem seals operating in high temperature mode is also considered a natural phenomenon, since over time the rubber loses its elastic characteristics, and the seals are no longer able to provide complete tightness. In such cases, lubricant leakage can occur both at the outlet and at the inlet stage. A layer consisting of oil deposits and fuel assemblies forms inside the valves, significantly impairing the throttle response of the engine. To solve the problem, the caps related to consumables are replaced.

Oil scraper rings are a common cause of increased oil consumption, which, once it enters the cylinder, mixes with the air-fuel mixture and burns out. It is quite simple to detect this problem - the color of the exhaust takes on a pronounced bluish tint. Rings are made from a material with a specific elasticity index. If the engine often overheats, that is, it operates in high power modes, the elasticity decreases. A temperature of the order of 185-200 ° C is considered critical, but this indicator is individual and depends on the quality of workmanship. oil scraper rings... An easily diagnosed loss of elasticity is a sign of the need to replace the rings, which sometimes prematurely lose their consumer properties due to the occurrence of flutters - an effect in which the rings spontaneously enter resonant oscillations.

Ring coking is another factor that increases lubricant consumption. Their adhesion to the piston causes the ring to lose its sealing function, as a result of which the engine compression drops noticeably, accompanied by an increased consumption of MM. As a rule, coking occurs either as a result of the use of an unsuitable oil or due to normal wear and tear. To clean the rings, use special formulations, and if they do not help, they will have to be replaced with new ones. In old engines, the destruction of the piston bridges can also lead to an increase in MM consumption. These are age-related changes requiring replacement of the piston itself.

Cylinders

The oil consumption rate also depends on the condition of the cylinder walls. Due to the increased wear of the O-ring seals, excess lubricant penetrates into the CPN, which leads to an increase in MM waste. Wear can be triggered both by the aging of the parts of the power unit, and by the appearance of various defects in the form of scratches on the surface of the cylinders. Gradually, lubricating fluid accumulates in them, leading to the formation of seals that impede the movement of the pistons. In the end, due to overheating (for example, due to clogged water channels in the cooling system), the cylinder may simply warp. In such cases, instead of round, its diameter takes the shape of an oval, due to which the O-rings are no longer able to provide the required tightness, preventing leakage technical fluids including engine oil.

One way to solve the problem is to use rings with less stiffness. However, soft, spring-loaded O-rings are highly sensitive to extreme temperatures, which is undesirable for a vehicle's cooling system. In any case, it is possible to compensate for the change in the shape of the cylinders only by boring, which is quite expensive, or by using rings with a modified geometry, which is maximally adapted to the changed shape of the cylinders. Late ignition is also one of the reasons for the increase in lubricant consumption, but it can be easily eliminated - just contact any service station. With the appropriate experience, the ignition system can be adjusted independently, since it is a fairly simple procedure.

Increasing the power of a car's power unit using a turbine is becoming an increasingly popular option, but you should always remember that this is a double-edged sword. A turbocharger is a part that requires intensive lubrication, without which it will fail quickly enough. This means that uprated engines "eat" oil with a much greater appetite than their atmospheric cousins. This kind of problem cannot be avoided. At the same time, some turbocharged engines consume up to 200 grams of engine oil for every hundred kilometers, which is certainly a lot. Topping up two liters every thousand kilometers is not a cheap pleasure, but, as they say, you can't do without sacrifices here. In other matters, most of the forced power units are characterized by the consumption of lubricant, an order of magnitude less than the specified value, that is, everything is individual here.

Often even experienced motorists oil of increased viscosity is used, which, on the one hand, improves the lubrication of the CPG, promoting the formation of a thicker oil film. This contributes to an increase in the resource of many engine components. But, on the other hand, such a step causes an increase in MM losses. The explanation for this is simple - the larger the contact area of the liquid with the rubbing surfaces, the greater the rate of grease burnout. That is, choosing an oil with an improved viscosity index, you must solve an important dilemma - spend more money on adding oil or refuse to increase the total resource of the power unit. The choice will be especially difficult for the owners of used cars, who already eat a lot of technical fluids with a resource that is already "breathing on its own."

The use of low-quality oil is another matter. They buy it in the hope of saving money, because the products of noname manufacturers are several times cheaper. Although the viscosity of such a grease usually corresponds to the specified rating, many of its important characteristics caused by the addition of additives to the composition. For branded oils, these are the most modern high-tech additives that help reduce losses due to oil evaporation. Cheap counterparts do not have such additives, which automatically leads to an increase in the consumption of lubricating fluid. Therefore, such savings are hardly justified, at least from the point of view of the cost of adding MM, not to mention the harm that is done to the components of the power unit.

Operating conditions

It should be noted that the prevailing operating conditions can also have a significant impact on the consumption rates of technical fluids. If the engine is frequently operated at high load, increased consumption engine oil is inevitable. If you are a supporter of an aggressive driving style and prefer a sharp start and movement at maximum revs, if you live in mountainous terrain, be prepared for the fact that you will have to add lubricant much more often. On the contrary, driving at an average pace reduces the consumption of both fuel and oil, since in this case the temperature regime is more gentle, and losses from waste are minimal. So, if you have a long trip on a high-speed highway, be sure to take a can of oil with you for topping up, even if you have not noticed the increased consumption before.

Summing up, we can conditionally divide the reasons for the increased waste of lubricant into two categories: those that are inevitable due to natural wear and tear, and those that arise due to the use of inappropriate consumables and materials. In the latter case, it makes sense to compare the cost of purchasing a cheaper oil with the cost of refilling it frequently. If the consumption is associated with the natural wear and tear of the parts of the CPG, it is better to spend money on topping up a few extra liters of lubricant every 10 thousand kilometers than to overhaul the engine.