1. Rules for the provision of services (performance of work) for the maintenance and repair of motor vehicles (Approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 24.06.98, No. 639)

2. Regulation on maintenance and repair of rolling stock road transport, M., Transport, 1986
3. GOST 25478-91 " Motor vehicles... Requirements for the technical condition and traffic safety conditions. Verification methods "
4. GOST 17.2.2.03–87 “Nature protection. Atmosphere. Standards and methods for measuring the carbon and hydrocarbon content in the exhaust gases of vehicles with gasoline engines... Safety requirements"
5. GOST 21393–75 “Cars with diesel engines. Smoke in the exhaust gases. Norms and methods of measurements. Safety requirements"
6. RD 37.009.010-85 "Guidelines for organizing diagnostics passenger cars at the service station "Avtotekhobsluzhivaniya", M., 1985
7. RD 200-RSFSR150150-81 "Guidelines for diagnosing the technical condition of the rolling stock of road transport", M., 19821
8. RD 37.009.024–92 “Acceptance and release from repair of passenger car bodies by car service enterprises”, “AvtoselkhozmashHolding”, 1992
9. GOST 9.032–74 “Paint coatings. Soils, technical requirements and designations "
10. GOST 9.10580 “Paint coatings. Classification and basic parameters of staining methods "
11. GOST 9.40280 “Paint coatings. Preparation of metal surfaces before painting "
12. GOST 9.01080 "Compressed air for spraying paints and varnishes. Technical requirements... Control methods"
13. GOST 9.41088 “Polymer powder coatings. Typical technological processes "
14. RD 3112199017894 "Protection of road transport rolling stock from corrosion", Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation, M., 1994
15. Operating rules car tires, Approved. Ministry of Industry of the Russian Federation, Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation, M., 1997
16. OST 20000195 "Tires and tubeless tires suitable for repairing local damage to tires and tubes"
17. OST 384717095 "Pneumatic tires for automobile tires and tubeless tires, remanufactured by applying a new tread"
18. OST 20000295 “Tires and tubeless tires that have undergone local damage repair. Technical conditions»
19. OST 384717195 "Pneumatic tires for automobile tires and tubeless tires suitable for retreading by applying a new tread"
20. GOST 95991 "12V lead starter batteries for automotive and motorcycle equipment. General technical conditions "
21. GOST 2911191 "Lead acid storage batteries. Part I. General requirements and test methods "
22. GOST 354475 “Headlights of high and low beam of cars. Technical conditions "
23. GOST 394084 “Electrical equipment for motor vehicles. General technical conditions "
24. GOST 436481 "Drives for pneumatic brake systems of motor vehicles"
25. GOST 696472 "External signal and lighting lanterns for cars, tractors, self-propelled machines and trailers. Technical requirements"
26. GOST 1098474 “External light signaling devices for cars, tractors, trailers and other vehicles. Light and color characteristics. Standards and test methods "
27. GOST 1869973 “Electric windshield wipers. Technical requirements"
28. GOST 22895-77 " Braking systems and the braking properties of motor vehicles. Performance standards. Technical requirements"
29. GOST 23181–78 "Drives internal combustion piston. Nomenclature of diagnostic parameters "
30. GOST 23435–79 “Reciprocating internal combustion engines. Nomenclature of diagnostic parameters "
31. GOST 2138989 “Trucks. General technical requirements "
32. NiP 2.3.5.021–94 "Sanitary rules for food trade enterprises"
33. P 11 "Sanitary requirements for the transportation of food" Approved. ch. doctor of the USSR 04.16.
34. GOST 20228–74 "Torque converters trucks, buses and tractors. Main parameters"
35. GOST 3396–90 “Leaf springs for automotive vehicles. General technical conditions "
36. GOST 29307–92 “Road vehicles. Motorcycles. Fuel consumption measurement methods "
37. OST 37.004.016–84 “Repaired motorcycles. General technical requirements "
39. OST 37.004.017–84 "Repaired motorcycles"
40. MU-200-RSFSR-12-0016-84 "Guidelines for the control and optimal adjustment of gas equipment supply systems for vehicles powered by LNG", NIIAT, 1994
41. RD-200-RSFSR-12-0185-87 "Manual for the operation of vehicles running on liquefied natural gas"
43. MU-200-RSFSR-12-0163-87 "Guidelines for the operation of gas-diesel vehicles running on liquefied natural gas"
44. RD-200-RSFSR-12-0111-87 “Regulations on the temporary point for the periodic inspection of automobile LNG cylinders. Classifier of defects in automobile cylinders ", NIIAT, 1997
45. IO-200-RSFSR-15-0077-83 "Typical technology for performing routine maintenance of the first, second and seasonal Maintenance cars ZIL 138A (138I), GA3 5327, GAZ 5227 ", M, 1983
46. ​​GOST 94973 "Steel cylinders of small and medium volume for gases at Pp / 19.6 MPa (200 kg / cm2)
47. MU-200-RSFSR-12-0052-85 "Typical technology for testing fuel systems of vehicles running on compressed natural gas", NIIAT, 1985
48. RT-200-RSFSR-15-0082–84 "Temporary guidance for the current repair of vehicles ZIL 138A (138I), GA3 5227, operating on natural gas", M., 1984
49 RT-200-RSFSR-15-0087–84 "Guidelines for the current repair of vehicles running on compressed natural gas", NIIAT, 1984
50. TU 152-12-007–99 “Cars. Conversion of trucks, cars and specialized vehicles into gas cylinders for operation on compressed natural gas. Acceptance for re-equipment and release after re-equipment. Testing of gas fuel systems ", NIIAT, 1999
51. TU 152-12-008–99 “Cars and buses. Conversion of trucks, cars and buses into gas cylinders for operation on liquefied petroleum gases. Acceptance for re-equipment and release after re-equipment. Tests of gas cylinder systems ", NIIAT, 1999
52. RD-200-RSFSR-12-0227-88 "Manual for the conversion of trucks with diesel engines for work on LNG ", NIIAT, 1988.
53. TU-200-RSFSR-12-538-86 “Specifications. Conversion of passenger cars running on compressed natural gas. Acceptance for re-equipment and release after re-equipment, testing of fuel systems ", NIIAT, 1986
54. RD-200-RSFSR-12-0176-87 "Guidelines for organizing and carrying out the conversion of automobile rolling stock for operation on liquefied petroleum gas", NIIAT, 1987
55. RD 3112199-0182–94 "Regulatory framework for certification of services for the conversion of automobile rolling stock to operate on gas fuel", M., 1994
56. RTM-200-RSFSR-12-0014–84 "Guidelines for the organization and implementation of the conversion of automobile rolling stock to run on compressed natural gas", NIIAT, 1994
57. OST 37.001.211–78 “Safety of the vehicle structure. Interior equipment of passenger car salons and bodies. Technical requirements and test methods "
58. Law of the Russian Federation "On certification of products and services", Post. RF Armed Forces from 10.06.93, No. 51531 with amended. dated 12/27/95
59. GOST R “Certification system for maintenance and repair of AMTS. Certification rules "
60. RD 37.009.026–92 “Regulations on the maintenance and repair of vehicles owned by citizens (cars and trucks, buses, minitractors)”.

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TECHNICAL SYSTEM
MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR
AUTOMOTIVE

OPERATING INDICATORS
TECHNOLOGY AND REPAIRABILITY

Reissue. January 1991

By the decree of the USSR State Committee for Standards dated December 24, 1981 No. 5620, the introduction period was established

from 01.01.83

1. This standard establishes basic and additional indicators operational manufacturability(ET) and maintainability (RP) of automotive products - part-time and all-wheel drive vehicles (trucks, cars and buses), trailers and semi-trailers (hereinafter referred to as products) for regulated operating conditions.

2. The main indicators of the ET and RP of the product are given in the table, additional indicators are in the recommended appendix.

3. Evaluation of ET and RP indicators of a product should be carried out at the stages of development, modernization, operation and overhaul.

4. Based on the results of evaluating the indicators of the ET and RP of the product based on the experience of their operation, the developers or manufacturers draw up a program for the provision of ET and RP in accordance with the requirements of GOST 23660-79, including the following works:

determination of the values ​​of the indicators of ET and RP of the product and analogues.

5. The results of the assessment of the ET and RP of the product should be included in the acts of acceptance of the products.

6. For a differentiated assessment of ET and RP of products during the study, it is allowed to use additional indicators given in the appendix.

ADDITIONAL PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
TECHNOLOGY AND REPAIRABILITY OF PRODUCTS

By the decree of the USSR State Committee for Standards dated July 17, 1979 No. 3583, the validity period is established from 01.07.80

This standard establishes general safety requirements for all types of maintenance (MOT) and routine repair (TR) of trucks and cars, buses, tractors, trailers and semi-trailers (hereinafter referred to as automobiles) intended for operation on the roads of the general network of the USSR, which are carried out at operating enterprises, maintenance stations and in specialized centers.

The standard does not establish safety requirements for maintenance and repair of vehicles running on gaseous and solid fuels, as well as special equipment mounted on cars.

1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1.1. In the processes of maintenance and repair, the following dangerous and harmful production factors can occur:

• moving cars, machines and mechanisms; unprotected moving parts of production equipment; moving products, blanks, materials;
• clutter of workplaces with finished products, tools, devices, materials;
• incorrect arrangement of vehicles in places of their storage or in premises for maintenance and repair;
• lack of special devices, tools and equipment for ordering work in accordance with the accepted technology;
• increased dust and gas content of the air in the working area:
• elevated surface temperature of equipment, materials:
• high or low temperature, humidity and air mobility in the working area:
• increased levels of noise, vibration at the workplace during repair and control and diagnostic operations;
• unprotected live parts of electrical equipment (electrical installations):
• insufficient illumination of the working area;
• harmful components in the composition of the materials used, affecting those working through the skin, respiratory tract, digestive system and mucous membranes of the organs of sight and smell.

1.2. When carrying out maintenance and repair, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of GOST 12.1.004-85 and GOST 12.1.010-76.

1.3. Equipment, instruments, tools and fixtures - in accordance with GOST 12.2.003-74.

1.4. The TO and TR processes must comply with the requirements of GOST 12.3.002-75, as well as other standards and TU applicable to these processes.

1.5. When carrying out maintenance and repair work, the "Sanitary rules for organizing technological processes and hygienic requirements for production equipment", approved by the USSR Ministry of Health, should be observed.

1.6. Maintenance and repair processes must be safe at the stages:

• preparation of vehicles for MOT and TR;
• direct execution of work;
• tests and checks of car systems;
• refueling vehicles with fuels and lubricants and special fluids;
• storage and transportation of vehicles, parts, assemblies and materials;
• removal and neutralization of production wastes.

1.7. Pollution industrial premises(production sites) and the environment in the processes of maintenance and repair should not exceed the maximum permissible concentrations in accordance with the requirements of SN 245-71, approved by the USSR State Construction Committee.

1.8. When carrying out maintenance and repair work, it is prohibited to use faulty equipment, fixtures, tools.

2. REQUIREMENTS FOR TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES

2.1. Occupational safety requirements must be observed when:

• preparation of the workplace;
• preparation of the facility for maintenance and repair;
• carrying out work;
• cleaning the workplace.

2.2. MOT and TR must be performed in specially designated places (posts) with the use of devices, fixtures, equipment and tools provided for a certain type of work.

2.3. Before being installed at the maintenance and service station, the cars should be cleaned of dirt, snow and washed.

2.4. A car installed on a floor maintenance or TP station must be securely secured by substituting at least two stops under the wheels, brake parking brake, while the lever of the gearbox must be set to the position corresponding to the lowest gear; on vehicles with gasoline engines, switch off the ignition, and on vehicles with diesel engines, turn off the fuel supply.

On wheel the car must be affixed with a sign saying "Do not start the engine: people are working!"

2.5. When servicing the car with a lift, a sign with the inscription "Do not touch: people are working!" Should be posted on the lift control mechanism. In the working position, the plunger of the lift must be securely fixed by a stop that prevents spontaneous lowering of the lift.

2.6. Maintenance posts on production lines with forced movement of vehicles should be equipped with an alarm with feedback and the ability to make an emergency stop of the movement process from any post. The movement of vehicles from one post to one post is allowed only after receiving signals from all posts about the end of work and sending a signal to all posts warning about the start of movement. When used as a warning sound signal the latter should exceed the noise level at workplaces by 6-8 dB A.

2.7. Cars installed on rotary stands must be securely fixed using the devices provided for by the stand design; drain fuel and working fluids, dismantle batteries; remove all loose objects from the body, cab and interior.

2.8. When working with highly located units (parts) of the car, you should use stable supports or step-ladders that meet the requirements of GOST 12.2.012-75.

2.9. Units and assemblies weighing more than 20 kg are allowed to be lifted and moved only with the help of lifting and transport mechanisms.

2.10. Lifting and transportation of units and assemblies by lifting and transport mechanisms must be carried out with the help of special devices according to the scheme of seizing the transportation object, provided for this type of work.

2.11. Do not carry out any work on a vehicle with one edge raised. lifting mechanism, but not installed on special stands.

2.12. Removal from the car of parts and assemblies filled with liquids should be done only after complete removal (draining) of these liquids.

2.13. Washing and cleaning of engines, parts and assemblies of cars must be carried out in washing devices or containers with specially designed substances.

2.14. Washing of units and parts fuel equipment and engines running on leaded gasoline should be carried out only after preliminary neutralization of tetraethyl lead deposits.

2.15. MOT and TR of power supply systems of engines running on gasoline with antiknock additives must be performed after complete neutralization of the assembly units of the power supply systems.

2.16. Before starting the engine, the car should be braked with the parking brake, the gearshift lever should be set to neutral.

2.17. When starting the engine with the starting handle, it is prohibited to use additional levers and amplifiers, as well as to grip the handle with a hand. The handle must be turned from bottom to top.

2.18. The engine should be started and the vehicle should be driven off under the condition of ensuring the safety of those working with this vehicle, as well as those who are near it.

2.19. Removal and installation of springs should be carried out after unloading them from the weight of the car by installing special stands (tragus) under the chassis (body).

2.20. Repair or replacement of the lifting mechanism cargo platform the vehicle must be carried out after installing an additional stop under the platform, which excludes the possibility of falling or spontaneous lowering of the platform.

2.21. MOT and TR of the car should be carried out when idle engine, except for the cases when the engine operation is necessary in accordance with the technological process of maintenance and repair.

2.22. Before turning crankshaft engine or cardan shaft it is necessary to additionally make sure that the ignition is off (for diesel engines - the fuel supply is cut off) and set the gear shift lever to the neutral position.

2.23. Purge the power supply system using an air pump connected to a compressed air distribution system equipped with a moisture separator. In this case, the air pressure in the distribution system should not exceed 0.5 MPa.

2.24. Car brakes must be tested on a test bench. It is allowed to carry out the test on a special site, while its dimensions must be such as to ensure the safety of people and vehicles even in the event of a brake failure.

2.25. Before starting maintenance and repair of a tank car for the transport of flammable and explosive goods, the tank must be grounded.

2.26. Batteries should be dismantled and installed using special devices to prevent the batteries from falling.

2.27. All work related to the repair and maintenance of batteries must be carried out in rooms specially equipped for these purposes.

2.28. The electrolyte should be prepared in specially designed vessels by pouring the acid into water in a thin stream with thorough stirring of the solution with a glass or ebonite rod.

2.29. Batteries installed for charging must be connected with clamps that exclude the possibility of sparking.

2.30. When charging batteries, the plugs from the cans must be turned out.

2.31. Frame repairs should be carried out on stands or on a vehicle with wheels installed. When repairing on stands, the frame must be in a stable position.

2.32. The dismantled bodies and cabins of cars to be repaired must be installed on special stands or stands and be in a stable and convenient position for work.

2.33. The straightening of fenders and other sheet metal parts must be carried out on a car or on special stands.

2.34. In order to exclude the possibility of ignition of combustible materials (body upholstery, fuel, etc.), electric welding work directly on the car should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 12.3.003-86.

2.35. Soldering and welding of containers from under fuel and lubricants must be carried out only after complete removal of these substances and their vapors by means of special processing.

2.36. Removal of parts (for example, springs) that requires the application of significant forces should be done using pullers.

2.37. Dismantling the tire from the wheel rim must be carried out after the pressure in the tire chamber has been completely relieved.

2.38. Mounting and dismantling of the tire should be carried out only with the help of equipment, devices, fixtures and tools intended for this purpose, with the use of special fences that ensure the safety of workers in the event of a release of the lock ring.

2.39. It is allowed to mount a tire on a wheel rim with a lock ring provided there is no damage to the wheel rim and damage to the lock ring.

You need to watch out for that. so that the locking ring fits completely into the groove of the obol.

2.40. It is not allowed to pump the wheels without removing them from the car if the wheel assembly is broken or the pressure in the wheel is reduced by more than 40% of the standard value

2.41. Inflation of wheels with locking rings should be carried out using special fences to ensure the safety of workers when the locking ring is flying out.

3. REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL SPACES AND OUTDOOR AREAS FOR STORING CARS

3.1. Industrial premises and open areas for storing cars must meet the requirements of SN and P II - 93-74 and SN 245-71. approved by the USSR State Construction Committee.

3.2. The floors of industrial premises must be flat, resistant to the effects of aggressive substances used in the maintenance and repair processes, and also have slopes for water drainage.

3.3. Wheel sidewalks should be erected along all walls of vehicle storage facilities.

3.4. Overpasses and inspection ditches that are not equipped with a carrying conveyor must have guides and safety flanges along their entire length.

3.5. Manufacturing sites where you can stand out harmful substances, vapors, dust, etc., must be isolated from other areas.

3.6. Premises and open areas for the repair and storage of cars must have a marking of the arrangement of cars, made with persistent dyes in contrasting colors.

3.7. Ditches, trenches and tunnels should be equipped with fresh air ventilation and should not be obstructed by foreign objects.

3.8. The air in the working area is in accordance with GOST 12.1.005—76.

3.9. Premises for maintenance, repair and storage of vehicles must be equipped with supply and exhaust ventilation.

H.10. Premises and posts where technological operations are carried out with a running car engine must be equipped with devices for removing exhaust gases from the work area.

3.11. The room for washing cars and parts must be isolated from other production areas.

3.12. Rooms where oil regeneration, battery charging, painting and other work related to the release of explosive substances are carried out must be equipped with supply and exhaust ventilation with a mechanical stimulator in an explosion-proof design, not combined with ventilation systems of other rooms.

Despite the fact that in the issue of safety requirements for vehicles, everyone "in the old fashioned way" refers to various GOSTs, this is not entirely correct. Indeed, GOSTs (and since 2004, in accordance with the Resolution of the Gosstandart of the Russian Federation of January 30, 2004 N 4 "On national standards Russian Federation"all GOSTs and interstate standards are recognized by National Standards) establish certain requirements for a particular type of product, the procedure for its production, operation, and these requirements are established in order to increase the level of safety and ensure the quality of goods and services, but one of the basic principles of standardization (as This follows from Article 12 of the Federal Law of December 27, 2002 N 184-FZ "On Technical Regulation") is the principle of voluntary application of these documents. GOST requirements, or not.

Exceptions to this rule that oblige the manufacturer of goods or services to apply a specific GOST in mandatory, take place only at the time of production of products (provision of services) the corresponding Technical Regulations have not yet been adopted, which determines the requirements for this kind products. In this case, GOST is mandatory, but only in terms of the requirements for the product itself, the processes of its production, operation, storage, transportation, sale and disposal, and only in the part corresponding to the goals of protecting the life and health of citizens, protecting property, protecting the environment. , animals and plants, as well as prevention of misleading consumers of such products. In other words, if a product (result of a service), due to its improper manufacture, (its improper provision), can cause harm to someone's life or health, someone's property, nature, or mislead the consumer, while the Technical Regulations establishing the requirements there is no such product (service), then the requirements of GOST are mandatory.
As for cars, in September 2010, the Technical Regulations on the Safety of Wheeled Vehicles entered into force, which was valid until January 1, 2015, after which it was replaced by the Technical Regulations of the Customs Union "On the Safety of Wheeled Vehicles" (TR CU 018 / 2011), Thus, the main and mandatory document containing requirements for the safety of vehicles is precisely the Technical Regulations, and not GOSTs. Although, in fairness, it should be noted that the provisions of the Technical Regulations largely repeat the provisions of the corresponding GOSTs.

So, at the present time, there are three main regulatory acts that establish the requirements for the technical condition of a vehicle in operation, these are:

1. Technical Regulations of the Customs Union "On the safety of wheeled vehicles" (TR CU 018/2011)
2. The main provisions on the admission of vehicles to operation and the duties of officials to ensure road safety (approved by the Government of the Russian Federation of 23.10.1993 N 1090 "On the Rules of the road")
3. Rules for the technical inspection of vehicles (approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 05.12.2011 N 1008 "On the technical inspection of vehicles")

For example, in accordance with the Basic Provisions and Technical regulations, on vehicle studded and non-studded tires must not be used at the same time. That is, if the front axle is equipped with non-studded tires, and tires with studs are installed on the rear axle, this is a violation. The driver can be prosecuted in the form of a fine of 500 rubles. However, during the inspection it will not be a malfunction (it should not be considered a malfunction), the Rules for the inspection do not say anything about checking the "studding" of tires. Or, for example, if you install gas-discharge light sources ("xenon") in conventional (intended for use with halogen lamps) headlight units, then this will not affect the results of the inspection (if, of course, the adjustment angles and the intensity of the headlights are meet the requirements). That is, the very fact that a "xenon" is installed in a conventional headlamp is not a violation during the inspection. However, on the road, traffic police officers can bring you to responsibility for this, up to the deprivation of rights, since the Technical Regulations and the Basic Provisions prohibit such changes in the operating mode of lighting devices, even if the angles of adjustment and the intensity of the headlights correspond to the standards.

At the same time, the Rules for the technical inspection contain links to some points of individual GOSTs. In these cases, the requirements of these GOSTs should be applied, but only to the extent of the requirements of those points to which there is a direct reference in the Maintenance Rules. There are not many such links, below is a list of points of various GOSTs, which are referenced in the Rules for Carrying Out a Technical Inspection, and which are subject to mandatory use by Maintenance Operators when carrying out a technical inspection:

1. Clauses 4.1, 4.3.4-4.3.11, table 6a and table 10 GOST R 51709-2001 “Motor vehicles. Safety requirements for the technical condition and test methods "check (see paragraph 1 of Appendix No. 1 to the Rules for the inspection)
2. Section 4 GOST R 17.2.02.06-99 “Nature protection. Atmosphere. Norms and methods for measuring the content of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons in the exhaust gases of gas-cylinder vehicles "(see paragraph 32 of Appendix No. 1 to the Rules for Carrying Out a Technical Inspection)
3. Section 4 GOST R 52033-2003 “Cars with gasoline engines. Emissions of pollutants with exhaust gases. Norms and methods of control when assessing the technical condition "(see paragraph 32 of Appendix No. 1 to the Rules for conducting technical inspection)
Other GOSTs, as well as other points of the above-listed GOSTs, are not applied during technical inspection.

All documents presented in the catalog are not their official publication and are intended solely for informational purposes. Electronic copies of these documents can be distributed without any restrictions. You can post information from this site to any other site.

STATE STANDARD OF THE UNION OF SSR

By the decree of the USSR State Committee for Standards dated December 24, 1981 No. 5619, the introduction period was established

from 01.01.83

Failure to comply with the standard is punishable by law

This standard establishes requirements for products to ensure a given level of operational manufacturability (ET) and maintainability (RP), as well as the values ​​of ET and RP indicators provided for by GOST 20334-81, for automotive products - four-wheel drive and non-four-wheel drive vehicles (trucks, cars and buses ), trailers and semi-trailers (hereinafter referred to as products).

The standard does not apply to special and specialized automotive products.

Requirements for ET and RP of products should be included in the terms of reference for the development or modernization of the product and the technical level map.

The terms used in this standard and the explanations to them are given in the reference.