What to pour into automatic transmission? Information about the characteristics of ATF oils (automatic transmission oil) which oil is pouring into Toyota automatic transmission

"Transmission oil in an automatic transmission is usually replaced every 60 thousand km." (From the "Manual for Repair and Technical Services").

Techinari - the people are serious, like the goddess itself, whom they worship. The technique does not tolerate inaccuracies, or, God forbid, some jokes. It is extremely accurate in everything, including language, you mean terminology. It says "Shablor's valve", which means that the "valve" and it is "shab". And if, on the contrary, it is written: "Dilute the Swedik", then there is nowhere to go - it is necessary to breed ...

About terminology

The conversation about her did not accidentally come. From the point of view of terminology given by us the phrase "manual" a little not "reaches". Smacks, sorry, technical "phenya".

And the case is as follows. In automatic transmissions, no oil is poured into the automatic transmission, but a liquid specially designed for these purposes for automatic transmissionsWhat is confirmed by the ATF English-speaking abbreviation (Automatic Transmission Fluid), always present on the packaging of this product.

It would seem what difference is oil or liquid? No. There is a difference, and essential. Oil in the technique is called a substance used primarily to lubricate the driving surfaces of parts and mechanisms. In contrast to it, the liquid used in the automatic transmission performs many other functions, oil at all is at all. Yes, it works in beggar for motor and transmission oils. That's about it and talk.

The principal difference of automatic transmissions from mechanical is that when the car is moving between the crankshaft and the primary automatic transmission, there is no hard connection. The role of the well-known clutch is assigned to the hydrodynamic transformer (GDT). It is he who transfers the torque from the engine to the box. The main acting person, i.e. Working body is ATF.

In addition, ATF is used to transmit control pressure on multi-disc clutch friction, causing the inclusion of a transmission.

In the process of operation, the components and mechanisms of the automatic transmission are experiencing serious thermal loads. The temperature on the surface of the frictional at the time of switching of transmission reaches 300-400 o C. Intensive heating of the hydrotransformer occurs. When driving in full power mode, its temperature can reach 150 o C.

Ensuring the heat sink from the automatic transmission and reset the heat into the atmosphere also occurs with the help of a transmission fluid.

Moreover, ATF should still, not oxidizing high temperatures And not foaming, provide lubrication of gear mechanisms, bearings and other parts subject to abrasion and education of scaling. To do this, the fluid add a whole complex of additives. Moreover, to exercise your properties to the full extent, it should in the entire range of permissible operating temperatures: from -40 o to +150 o C.

One food is preparing, one erases, one children raises ... hard!

And you say: oil ...

Why?

Chemists-technology on glory tried, creating a "cunning" liquid, but still have not been able to provide such a resource for its work so that during the operation of the car it would be possible to forget about the very existence of ATF. There are several reasons for that.

First, even if the automatic transmission is sealed and does not have the leaks, during operation, the amount of fluid decreases due to the removal of its vapors through the system of ventilation of the automatic transmission, equipped with a valve - "Sapoon". Therefore, for maintenance, it is necessary to add transmission fluid to the operational level.

This procedure is easy if the automatic transmission has a tube to control the level of fluid with a dipstick. Many modern boxes are not equipped with a dipstick. This is especially characteristic of European manufacturers, persistently trying to remove the inept car owner (and they are apparently the majority) from their service personnel.

Secondly, with long-term operation, the transmission fluid sooner or later loses physico-chemical properties, so necessary to it for the execution of numerous useful functions. Due to the evaporation of light fractions, there is an increase in its viscosity above the permissible level. Missionary additives produce their resource.

Transmission fluid during the entire period of operation in a normally working box should remain clean. Only a small change in its color is allowed - it darkens.

Dirty black liquid with a specific smell of Gary is an indicator that the box is needed not to replace the fluid, but a serious repair.

Experts recommend changing oil after running by a car of 50-70 thousand km, if the car is operated as usual, and after 30-40 thousand km - with a very intense ("Police") ride. Once again, note that the indication to the replacement of the fluid is not its color, but only the magnitude of the machine's mileage. If, of course, the automatic transmission is properly.

What?

The recommended brand of transmission fluid is usually indicated in the "repair and maintenance manual" of the car. If this information is not available, it is useful to know the following. Despite the variety of trademarks, what you need always has an ATF abbreviation. The most common brand ATF is dexron (usually with Roman numbers I, II or III). The greater the digit, the higher the quality of the liquid and the modern automatic box in which it is used. For cars, Ford brand is recommended to use dexron-megop fluid. These liquids, like the overwhelming majority of the existing now on sale, are made on a mineral basis and have red. All of them are usually compatible with each other.

As usual, the original producers developing yellow and green colors for some of their cars. Mix them with liquids of their native red color is ultimately not recommended, and how much would it happen ...

Recently, ATF appears on a synthetic basis (Synthetic ATF). The accompanying technical documentation argues that "Synthetics" provides good fluidity at temperatures to -48 o C, better stability at high temperatures and an increased service life. At the same time, the synthetic transmission fluid is fully compatible with the mineral ATF (again, in contrast to synthetic engine oil).

The cost of one liter "Synthetics" is about 10 US dollars, while a liter of mineral ATF costs 3-4 dollars.

Recommend it to the use of "where we fell" we will not risk. This is the case, as they say, heads and wallet. If the use of synthetics is particularly stipulated by the "manual ..." (for example, for automatic transmission type 5, which some brands are equipped with bMW cars), There is a sacred business here - you have to go for big expenses.

In total, the automatic transmission of various types can refuel from 7 to 15 liters. transmission fluid. However, this does not mean that for replacement you need to purchase such an insane amount of ATF. Here manifests the fundamental difference of the process of replacing fluid from the change of engine oil in the engine.

The fact is that when replacing ATF you will be able to merge no more than 50% of the total volume. Your dexterity and skill do not have any constructive features of the automatic transmission. You can completely change the transmission fluid only with full disassembly of the box. Before you go to the store, carefully examine the technical documentation. Sometimes it indicates the full ATF volume, sometimes the volume to be replaced. Do not forget to also purchase a new filter element.

How?

It is necessary to drain the transmission fluid from a heated automatic transmission, for which it is necessary to drive a dozen-other kilometers by car before draining.

Take care of precautions: fluid temperature can be very high. As a rule, it is possible to drain the drain plug for a drain, but ... today, apparently, not our day. We were not lucky. Rather, Mikhail's Mikhail's Mikhail was lucky, Delowfully staged on a chair under the car: the A4LD brand box, which is equipped with the Ford Scorpio car, does not have a drain plug. Surely forgotten? A reasonable assumption was expressed that it was not forgetfulness, but fool protection: Want to merge - unscrew the pallet. You will unscrew - you see the filter.

In some automatic transmission structures, for example, on Mercedes cars, it is possible to drain the transmission fluid not only from the pallet, but also from the torque converter through the threaded plug.

Having removed the pallet, do not rush to wash it. First, look, if there is no extraneous deposit on its inner surface, indicating the mechanical wear of the Details of the automatic transmission. Only the presence of a slight amount of metallic dust on the captive magnet, placed in the corner of the pallet.

When servicing individual types of automatic transmission, starting the pallet, you will not detect the filter element. Do not worry - it happens. For example, in the AW50-40 LE brand box, installed on Opel Vectra, the filter is located so that it can be replaced only with overhaul of the box.

Mounting a new filter element, do not forget to install all gaskets and sealing rings included in the filter kit.

After refueling the required amount of ATF, set the automatic transmission mode selector to the position required for checking the liquid level and check it when the engine is running.

By making a short trip, repeat the measurement and bring the level to the norm. Inspect the pallet for the absence of lech.

Other details of the oil replacement procedure can be clarified by examining the photographic materials. Liked business. As one of our familiar says, "chase and do not be sad!"

• Reprint is allowed only with the permission of the author and subject to the placement of reference to the source

Oils for automatic transmission (ATF) Along with brake fluids And liquids for hydraulic steering wheels are the most specific products of auto chemicals. If motor oil is drained from the engine, it will start and will even work for a while, and if you remove from the automatic transmission liquid, it will instantly become anything that is not suitable for complex mechanisms. ATF has higher viscosity requirements, antifriction, antioxidative, anti-wear and anti-oxide properties than to petroleum products for other aggregates.

Since automatic transmissions include several completely different nodes - a torque converter, a gear gearbox, a complex control system - the range of oil functions is very large: it lubricates, cools, protects against corrosion and wear, transmits torque and provides friction clutch. The average temperature of the oil in the automatic transmission crankcase is 80-90 s, and in hot weather, under the city cycle, up to 150 s may rise.

The design of the automatic transmission is such that if the power is removed the power is large than need to overcome the road resistance, its excess is spent on the internal friction of the oil, which is even more heated. The high speed of oil movement in the hydrotransformer and the temperature cause intense aeration, leading to foaming, which creates favorable conditions for oxidation of oil and corrosion of metals. The variety of materials in friction pairs (steel, bronze, metal-ceramics, friction pads, elastomers) makes it difficult to selection of antifriction additives, and also creates electrochemical pairs, in which the corrosive wear is activated in the presence of oxygen and water.

In such conditions, the oil must maintain not only operational propertiesbut also as a transmitting torque environment to ensure high efficiency transmissions.

Main specifications

Historically, the "legislator mod" in the field of standards for oils for automatic transmissions is "General Motors" (GM) and "Ford" (Table 1) corporations. European manufacturers, both automotive equipment and transmission oils, do not have their own specifications and are guided by lists of oils approved by them. Japanese car concerns are also received in the same way. In the "automata" used ordinary motor oilswhich had to change frequently. In this case, the quality of switching gear was extremely low.

In 1949, General Motors developed special fluid For automatic transmissions - ATF-A, which was used in all automatic transmission produced in the world. In 1957, the specification was revised and received the name Type A Suffix A (ATF TASA). One of the components in the production of these liquids was the product of animal origin, obtained as a result of the processing of whales. Due to the increased volumes of oil consumption and ban hunting for whales, ATF was developed completely on mineral, and later on the synthetic bases.

At the end of 1967, General Motors introduced a new dexron specification in, later DEXRON II, DEXRON III. and Dexron IV. DEXRON III and DEXRON IV Dexron IV are created taking into account the requirements for oils for an electronic controlled adhesion of the autotransformer. General Motors also developed and implemented the Allison C-4 specification (Allison - Section of General Motors for the production of transmissions), which defines the requirements for oils working in severe operating conditions in trucks and off-road vehicles. Ford, Ford has no own ATF-specification, and Ford engineers used aTF-A standard. Only in 1959 the company developed and implemented the branded standard M2C33-A / B. The ESW-M2C33-F (ATF-F) standard liquid (ATF-F) was obtained.

In 1961, Ford issued the M2C33-D specification, which takes into account new frictional properties requirements, and in the 80s - the MerCon specification. The oils corresponding to the Mercon specifications are as close as possible to the oils of Dexron II, III and are compatible with them. The main differences between the specification of GENERAL MOTORS and FORD companies are different requirements for the frictional characteristics of the oils (General Motors in the first place is the smoothness of switching gear, Ford is the speed of their switching). Typical characteristics of oils for automatic controls in Table. 2.

Table. one. Development of oil specifications

Oils of obsolete specifications are still used in many European cars, and very often as oils for mechanical boxes Transmissions.

In automatic transmission, most manufacturers modern cars Recommended oils that meet the requirements of DEXRON II, III and MERCON (Ford Mercon) specifications, which are usually interchangeable and compatible. Oils that meet the requirements of the latest specifications, such as Dexron III, can be used to draw or replace in the mechanisms where oils were previously used in accordance with the DEXRON II specifications, and in some cases and ATF - A. The reverse replacement of oils is not allowed.

Table. 2. Typical Characteristics Oils for ABP

In our market, the assortment of oils for actuators is large and, with rare exception, is presented imported oils (Table 3).

Table. 3. Oils for automatic gearboxes.

All oils, as a rule, passed tests for compliance with the specified specifications and have special tolerances from machinery manufacturers.

Although the operational level of ATF is determined by the specifications of automotive equipment manufacturers, a significant part of the oil produced is used in the applications other than the AIC, for example:
- IN power boxes transfers of off-road construction, agricultural and mining techniques;
- in hydraulic systems of cars, industrial equipment, mobile equipment and ships;
- in the steering;
- in rotary screw compressors

The composition of the oils for automatic transmission is usually included antioxidants, foaming inhibitors, anti-wear additives, friction modifiers and swelling of seals. In order to identify and the speedy detection of oil leaks for an acupus in red.

Introducing the revised version of our material about interchangeability different types ATF. Here are taken into account last years Changes in the world of transmissions and oils, changes in logistics and well-being ... Let's start with a direct answer to the question made in the title, and then go through the main transmission fluids Toyota.

Specification of the working fluid for the internal market models since the 1980s (automata series A13 #, A24 #, A54 #, A4 #, A34 #, A44 #, etc.). In foreign markets, these models were prescribed to refuel ATF type DEXRON II / III without mentioning D-II.

Technical meaning in the acquisition of this particular fluid is absent. You should use any ATF that meets DEXRON II / III specifications.

In the repair manuals or use, this Toyotovskaya liquid is absent, since it appeared much later than the end of the production of models with classic machines. Comes to all markets as original replacement Outdated ATF D-II.

There is no technical meaning in the acquisition of precisely this fluid, but in specific conditions D-III may be more affordable and cost-effective BRAND ATF.

Used from 1988 to 2002 in the "all-wheel drive" A241H and A540H automatic transmission for better work of a partial blocking of the mid-sieve differential.

The original is currently shipped to the domestic market. On the foreign market, the Type T-IV is considered semi-definite for Type T, however, on the T-IV canister directly indicate - "It is not recommended to use in automata under dexron 2/3 or Type T".

Perennial local practice has shown that machines with these machines work perfectly on the usual ATF types of DEXRON without any deterioration in operation full drive.

In the market, the supply of Type T is small, and there is no meaning in targeted acquisition. Application as a substitute Type T-IV can damage sufficiently old boxes, therefore, it is optimal to use less aggressive fluids according to the DEXRON II or III specification.

ATF TYPE T-II
Used in 1990-1997. For some machines with electronically control (A34 # series on classical layout sedans). Officially replaced T-IV.
In practice, any traditional ATF has been successfully replaced. Today, use as a substitute Type T-IV can damage enough old boxes, therefore it is more optimal to use less aggressive fluids according to the DEXRON II or III specification.

ATF TYPE T-III
Used in 1994-1998 On some automata with Flex-Lockup (part A34 #, A35 #, A541E, A245E). Officially replaced T-IV.

The main specification for all AISIN boxes after 1997 (U44 #, U34 #, U24 #, U14 #, early U15 #, A65 #, Late A24 # E, A34 #).

At the very beginning of the 2000s, instead of the then rare and expensive T-IV, traditional ATF type DEXRON III was successfully used. Later independent oil manufacturers set up the issue ATF Specifications 3309 and universal ATF, and in the future the proposal of the original T-IV has grown so much that it has become hardly the most accessible liquid of its specification - it often acquires owners of other brands of cars with similar Boxes AISIN (Audi, Chevrolet, Daewoo, Fiat, Ford, Mazda, Opel, Porsche, PSA, Renault, Saab, Suzuki, VW, Volvo etc).

Using instead of T-IV ATF Specifications DEXRON does not entail negative consequences, but today it is already inappropriate.
The equally correct solution is the use of both the original Type T-IV liquid and any ATF corresponding to the JWS 3309 specification - depending on the specific circumstances.

The main specification applicable since 2004, used in modern 5/6 / 8-speed automata (series U15 #, U66 #, U76 #, A75 #, A76 #, A96 #, AA8 #, AB6 #). It has significantly less viscosity compared to the preceding ATF T-IV.

Liquid in sufficient quantities is presented in the market. The use of both the original WS and any ATF corresponding to the JWS 3324 specification is equally true, depending on the specific circumstances.

Together with the first Toyotov CVT in 2000, specialized working fluid for variastors appeared.

The optimal use of the original CVTF TC, which in sufficient quantity is presented in the market. It is possible to use any liquid that meets the JWS 3320 specification. When urgent need it is possible to use universal CVTF.

Since 2012, the gradual transition of all variators on a new "energy-saving" fluid FE has begun - with noticeably smaller viscosity and fewer useful additives.

Optimally use of the original CVTF FE, which is in sufficient quantity in the market. When urgent need it is possible to use universal CVTF.

"Why write about it? Today everyone can afford the original"
Let now there are no problems with availability or with the price of original working fluids. But the question is in the other - a completely reasonable advice "It is necessary to use the recommended liquids" too often changes the slogan "You can not use anything other than the original!" With this coarse manipulation, challenged by the early merchants by Japanese spare parts, picked up by the official and separated mass of distant from the technique of owners - it is impossible to put up.

"Oil or ATF - Scholastic?"
In mechanical transmission transmission boxes butter Performs almost exclusively the role of lubrication. In automatic transmission, the main task liquids - Transmission of power from the engine to the box, further work in the control hydraulic system, ensuring the necessary friction friction, cooling the rubbing elements and the lubricant actually. Therefore, there was a wider concept of ATF (Automatic Transmission Fluid) - liquid for automatic transmissions.

"Why GM and Dexron are taken for a reference point?"
Today, the joint venture GM-Ford for the production of automata is on the side of life and deep in the shadow of world transmission giants - AISIN, ZF, HPT, Jatco ... However, it is GM who were the generics of mass use of the automatic transmission, the largest world OEM suppliers of automata, And their specification of fluid for many years has become synonymous with the very concept of ATF.

Some GM Specifications History:

"Periodicity?"
It will be appropriate to remind not only "that", but also "when to pour into the automatic transmission. However, from the beginning of the mass operation of automata, the answer has not changed: every 30-40 t.km should produce at least partial replacement (update) fluid, every 80-120 t.km - replacement with removal and cleaning of the pallet, magnets, mandatory filter replacement. It is even better not to simply "update" the liquid, but to change it by the method of displacement (with connection through the hoses of the booth cooler through which the fresh liquid is supplied when the engine is running, and the old and the trunk of the box and the housing of the hydrotransformer are being washed).
In 2000, many new automata lost control probes, and the instructions disappeared the frequency of mandatory replacement ATF. (But the concept of "working fluid is designed for the entire service life"). Officially offered every 40 t.km to check the condition of the fluid, and change after 80 t.km only heavy conditions operation. Literal following such recommendations will sentence an automatic, especially modern, already on the second hundred thousand mileage kilometers, therefore, for long and smooth operation, it is better to adhere to the traditional periodicity of ATF replacement even on the newest cars.

"What a manufacturer recommended pouring into my box (A541E, A340H, A245E)?"
The exact manufacturer's recommendations can be called, knowing not only the box of the box, but also a model and year of release of a particular car. First, the same Toyotov's notation was carried out several automata slightly different designs. Secondly, the recommendations were periodically changed even during the release of one generation of the model (especially often it happened during the appearance of the next, new specification at that time - T-IV, WS, FE).

"What is FLEX Lock-Up?"
Starting from the mid-1990s, in automatic boxes AISIN. The mode of operation of the hydrotransformer "with partial lock" appears (FLU - FLEX LOCK UP). Previously, automatic torque converters worked in two modes - or with the transmission of the moment from the engine only through the liquid, or in the full lock mode, when the crankshaft, the body of the transformer and the input shaft of the box are tightly connected by the friction clutch and the moment is transmitted purely mechanically similar to the traditional clutch. In a partial blocking box, there is an intermediate mode in which the coupling may be slipped into one degree or another. At first, partial lock was used at low loads and in a rather narrow high-speed range, but for the sake of increasing the cost-effectiveness and improve the dynamics, the modes of complete and partial blocking on more modern machines began to be applied more and more.
Of course, Flu is not a Japanese know-how, therefore, since the Dexron III specification, the requirements for automatons with partial blocking have been taken into account.

"They say, if you pour a dexron instead of T-IV, then you will appear?"
When pouring any fresh Liquids, even original, are possible some changes in the behavior of the machine, and we are not always positive. Fresh ATF is always different from its old chemical / physical properties (even more than more than two different varieties of fresh fluid differ, and in its own way affects the operation of the box, already "adapted" to the old ATF.
In our practice, there are no differences in behavior of serviceable automata when used instead of T-IV other ATFs (even without tolerance 3309) was not noted.

"Where to learn the viscosity of the original liquid?"
On the main Toyotovsk site have long been and regularly updated Safety Data Sheets to all original materials, from paints and oils to antifreeze and fragrances.

"What is the code of the right original Type T-IV?"
Original Toyotovskaya ATF can take the most different external form: Metal "Japanese" Bank (black, white, gray), black plastic "civilian" bottle, gray plastic "European" canister ... Do not try to allocate "more real" from them.
But why the retail price of the original ATF in the Russian Federation is other than once a half or two times lower than in Japan or the US ... Let it be better than a small commercial secret.

"Type T can be officially replaced by Type T-IV"
On the one hand, in June, "98 Toyota has released the TC003-98 service newsletter for the American market, according to which the ATF Type T-IV is completely replaced by the previous T-II and T-III, but did not replace the actual Type T.

On the other hand, in technical documentation For the domestic market, substitutes for Type T have never been envisaged, and on the original metal canes with Type T-IV still in Japanese and in English is indicated "It is not recommended to use ... instead of Type T".

"And in fact, did anyone poured the non-original liquid?"
I want to remind you that japanese cars They appeared in the country in those times, when there were no mobile phones, the Internet, and in Primorye went through the winter ... and, of course, there was not even the very concept of "original liquids", the trade import of which began only at the turn of the 2000s. But from the very beginning of the 1990s tens of thousands of Toyota (including the A241H, A540H boxes, A245E, A340E) were operated here on any ATF available - without breakdowns and problems, and many of them feel good today.
But before buying a completely non-brand ATF, we strongly recommend familiarizing yourself with the final part of our articles On the choice of engine oil.

"Everything is clear ... But maybe it's still better than the original?"
Of course, in addition to the benefits for the car, the use of original working fluids has a pacifying effect on the owner and increases its CHW. And do not forget that in addition to the original ATF, the instructions are prescribed to use:
Only approved Toyota Motor oil
Only original cooling fluid "Toyota Genuine Super Long Life Coolant"
Only the original fluid for the hydraulic pot "Toyota Genuine Power Steering Fluid"
Only original brake fluid "TOYOTA GENUINE BRAKE FLUID 2500H"
Only original compressor oil "ND-OIL8-11" ...
As well as only original Toyota spare parts.
Acquired only from official Toyota dealers.
Otherwise, because the car immediately falls apart, is it not true?

Oils for automatic transmissions (ATF) along with brake fluids and liquids for hydraulic steering wheels are the most specific products of auto chemicals. If the engine oil is drained from the engine, it will start and will even work for a while, and if you remove the working fluid from the automatic transmission (automatic transmission), it will instantly become a suitable set of complex mechanisms. ATF has higher viscosity requirements, antifriction, antioxidative, anti-wear and anti-oxide properties than to petroleum products for other aggregates. Since automatic transmissions include several completely different nodes - a torque converter, a gear gearbox, a complex control system - the range of oil functions is very large: it lubricates, cools, protects against corrosion and wear, transmits torque and provides friction clutch. Easy oil temperature In the automatic transmission crankcase, 80-90 ° C, and in hot weather, with a city cycle of motion, up to 150 ° C can be raised. The design of the automatic box is such that if the motor is removed, the power is large than necessary to overcome the road resistance, its excess is spent on the inner friction of the oil, which is even more heated. The high speed of oil movement in the hydrotransformer and the temperature cause intense aeration, leading to foaming, which creates favorable conditions for oxidation of oil and corrosion of metals. The variety of materials in friction pairs (steel, bronze, metal-ceramics, friction pads, elastomers) makes it difficult to select antifriction additives, and also creates electrochemical pairs in which, in the presence of oxygen and water, corrosive wear is activated. In such conditions, oil must maintain not only its operational properties But also as a transmitting torque environment to ensure high transmission efficiency.

Main specifications

Historically, the "legislator mod" in the field of standards for oils for automatic transmissions is "General Motors" (GM) and "Ford" (Table 1) corporations. European manufacturers, both automotive equipment and transmission oils, do not have their own specifications and are guided by lists of oils approved by them. The Japanese car concerns are also received in the same way. In the "machine guns" used conventional engine oils that had to change frequently. In this case, the quality of switching gear was extremely low. In 1949, General Motors has developed a special fluid for automatic transmissions - ATF-A, which was used in all ACPs manufactured in the world. In 1957, the specification was revised and received the name Type A Suffix A (ATF TASA). One of the components in the production of these liquids was the product of animal origin, obtained as a result of the processing of whales. Due to the increased volumes of oil consumption and ban hunting for whales, ATF was developed completely on mineral, and later on the synthetic bases. At the end of 1967, General Motors introduced a new DEXRON V specification, later Dexron II, Dexron III and Dexron IV. Dexron III and Dexron IV are created taking into account the requirements for oils for an electronic controlled adhesion of the autotransformer. General Motors also developed and implemented the Allison C-4 specification (Allison - Section General Motors for the production of transmissions), which determines the requirements for oils working in difficult operating conditions in trucks and off-road equipment. Ford has no one's own ATF Specifications, and Ford Engineers used the ATF-A standard. Only in 1959 the company developed and implemented the branded standard M2C33-A / B. The ESW-M2C33-F (ATF-F) standard liquid (ATF-F) was obtained. In 1961, Ford issued the M2C33-D specification, which takes into account new frictional properties requirements, and in the 80s - the MerCon specification. The oils corresponding to the Mercon specifications are as close as possible to the oils of Dexron II, III and are compatible with them. The main differences between the specification of the GENERAL MOTORS and Ford companies are different requirements for frictional oil characteristics (General Motors in the first place the smooth gear shift, Ford - speed Switching them). Typical characteristics of oils for automatic activists are shown in Table. 2.

Table. one. Development of oil specifications

Oils of outdated specifications are still used in many European cars, and very often as oils for mechanical gearboxes.

In automatic transmission, most manufacturers of modern cars are recommended oils that meet the requirements of the DEXRON II, III and MERCON (Ford Mercon) specifications, which are usually interchangeable and compatible. Oils that meet the requirements of the latest specifications, such as Dexron III, can be used to draw or replace in the mechanisms where oils were previously used in accordance with the DEXRON II specifications, and in some cases and ATF - A. The reverse replacement of oils is not allowed.

Table. 2. Typical Characteristics Oils for ABP

On the russian market The assortment of oils for the ACP is quite large and, with rare exception, is represented by imported oils (Table 3).

Table. 3. Oils for automatic transmission

All oils, as a rule, passed tests for compliance with the specified specifications and have special tolerances from machinery manufacturers.

Although the operational level of ATF is determined by the specifications of automotive equipment manufacturers, a significant part of the oil produced is used in the applications other than the AIC, for example:

• In power boxes of off-road construction, agricultural and mining techniques;
• In hydraulic systems of cars, industrial equipment, mobile equipment and ships;
• In the steering control;
• In rotary screw compressors

The composition of the oils for the ACP usually includes antioxidants, foaming inhibitors, anti-wear additives, friction and swelling modifiers. In order to identify and the speedy detection of leaks of oil for the AKP, it is possible to red color.

ATTENTION!
It is not permissible to mix ATF Type T and Type T-IV (JWS 3309).
(when moving to ATF T-IV, do only full replacement Oils in automatic transmission)
Toyota recommends using oil for Toyota ATF Type T-IV automatic transmission where the use of earlier types of oil is recommended - Toyota Type T-II and T-III.

From the above table, it is clear that it is permissible to use the next generation of ATF, that is, everything is higher than the class. Folding replacement towards the class decline is unacceptable. DEXRON III replaces Dexron II / Type T-IV replaces T-II

The newest generation Transmission Oils - Toyota ATF WS (JWS 3324)
Fully synthetic low viscosity fluid is required to use in cars for which the "User Guide" is specified, should not be used in the absence of such a recommendation. Not interchangeable with other types of liquids Toyota ATF Type T-IV, Dexron. Since this type of oil absorbs moisture, it can lead to a transmission breakdown. Therefore, the open container is recommended only once.

General principles when changing oil in automatic transmission.
Do not mix different class oils. All settings of modern automatic transmission (after 2003) take into account the specific operation of the OEM oil. And these are not only those characteristics that are described in that, but also how these characteristics change in the process of heating and "aging". After all, lubricating, heat sink and frictional properties of oil are changing with oil pollution. If you are not sure about the old type oil ATF. Split into automatic transmission, make a complete oil change.

Universal Transmission Oil AISIN AFW +
Universal liquid for automatic transmissions (ATF) from japanese companies AISIN SEIKI CO., LTD, which is part of the Toyota concern. AISIN is the largest developer and manufacturer of automatic transmissions and CPP variator type based on its experience and most advanced technologies, Aisin has developed a series of specialized ATF and CVTF liquids for the service market.

The manufacturer recommends replacing the AISIN oil in the automatic transmission at no less than once every 20,000 km of run or once every 2 years, depending on what comes before. In this case, priority is given to a complete replacement of oil in the automatic transmission using a special installation.

Applicability
Toyota Type T, T-II, T-III, T-IV, DEXRON II, III, WS
Nissan Matic Fluid D, J, S
Honda Ultra ATF, Ultra ATF Z1, DW1
Mitsubishi SP-II, SP-III, SK, J2
Mazda ATF M-3, ATF M-V, ATF F-1, ATF JWS3317
Subaru ATF, Opel Original ATF 09117046
ISUZU BESCO ATF-III, BESCO DEXRON II-E
Suzuki Besco Dexron II-E, ATF 5D06, ATF 2384K, ATF 3314, ATF 3317
Daihatsu amix ATF MULTI, AMIX ATF DIII-SP GM Dexron II-E, Dexron III
FORD MERCON, MERCON V
Hyundai / Kia SP-II, SP-III, SP-IV, Matic-J RED-1, MX4 JWS3314
Mercedes Benz. 3AT / 4AT / 5AT