Gas furnace in a car. Autonomous, gas heater. heater. Non-invalid Russian way to warm up in the winter at the twelfth place

The stove in the car is very good, especially when winter comes and driving a car in a cold cabin is not just inconvenient, but also dangerous to health. However, ordinary stoves consume quite a lot of car energy, as they can focus and from the power grid, and from the tank with flammable. To somehow reduce consumption per car, the owners began to use autonomous salon heaters, which, compared to the classic heating of the car, have several advantages, mainly of which is saving.

We understand the concept of "autonomous salon heater"?

Autonomous salon heater is a device capable of airing air in the car's cabin or its working fluids, regardless of work car Engine. Depending on what environment they are intended to heal, all autonomous heaters should be divided into three types:

Air- They warm only the air in the cabin and often represent a familiar fan that throws heat.

Liquid - can be heated as a cooling system, if it is not activated by the engine and fuel systemWhat is especially important for diesel cars. Can also be used to heat the cabin, thawing locks and windshield.

Oil - It is heated by the car's oil line, which also speeds up and simplifies the start of the engine in the frosting time.

As for the feasibility of using one or another type of heater, the choice is better to stop immediately on multiple devices. Thanks to this approach, you can provide a car full heating in the cold time: Without problems and breakdowns, the engine will be launched and operating, and you and your passengers driving the car will be comfortable.

The rationality of installing such a device on the car largely depends on how intensively cars are operated in winter time. If you leave it only once a month, then the warming of workers aggregates and the cabin can also be provided by the "grandfathers" ways. However, if the wheel is accounted for every day - an additional heater in the car will become not only an assistant in savings moneyBut also will save your health. Especially relevant autonomous heater is for taxi drivers and truckers.

Important! With regular use of the autonomous salon heater, it is possible to save from 25 to 100 liters of fuel in one winter season. % savings depends on the ride frequency, ride style, and the type of heater, which is used by car.

There are also another classification of "autonomy", which is based on which fuel is used for the device, as well as the classification, depending on the power of the heater. We consider the features of all types of these devices above, but in advance we will give a list of criteria for which it is worth choosing an autonomous salon heater for its car:

Dimensions of "Autonomy" and your car;

The power of the standard electrical network by car;

The frequency with which you plan to operate the heater for the car;

The climatic features of the terrain in which you live;

The cost profitability is its consumer characteristics;

The recovery of the heater specifically for you;

The structural features of the machine - whether an additional heating device is possible in principle.

Electrical devices for 12 and 24 volts

Almost all autonomous salon heaters, which are used by modern car owners, are designed for power from 12 to 24 volts. A similar fact causes many to rush to friends for advice and look for information on the Internet, as it remains incomprehensible which of these two heaters will be effective and safe for cars.

But in fact, everything is simple: the heaters of the salon with a lower power of 12 volts are designed for use on passenger cars, as they are ideal for connecting to the onboard network of the car, and at the same time their power is enough to warm the small salon. As for 24 volt heaters, they are intended for heavy trucks.

Salon gas heaters

Such "autonomy" is working through the use of liquid gas. Thanks to its combustion, the fan is launched, which in turn provides natural air circulation in the car, warming it to the required temperature. To speed up the heating process, additional fans are used sometimes.

Important!Gas autonomous car salon heaters are capable of working even with a muted motor and without connecting to the onboard electrical network of the machine, which is not typical for the regular automotive stove. Thus, even during a long-term parking, the driver of the car does not risk planted in the "0" battery, but at the same time it will not be frozen in the cabin itself.

TO benefits This type of heaters belongs to the absence of electronic elements in them, as well as the overall reliability of the structure, which significantly increases the period of their operation. In addition, it is quite safe for the driver, since for the combustion of gas, the air in the device does not receive from the cabin, but from the street. Gases formed during the combustion process are also thrown out.

To ensure the work of such a device, you will only have to periodically purchase cylinders with liquefied gas. Given the difference in the cost of gasoline, diesel fuel and gas, such a version for heating the car's salon is the most profitable from an economic point of view.

But there is such a device and its limitations: With it, you can provide heating only the cabin part of the car. Install the gas autonomous heater under the hood is impossible because of its size and features of work.

Gasoline devices

In the gasoline version, not autonomous salon heaters are often produced, but preheaters Automotive engine designs. For this reason, such devices differ their compactness, and thanks to the placement under the hood of the car, also silent work. For properly operation Such a heater will also ensure the defrosting of the windshield. Fuel consumption of such an pre-heater on average is 0.5 liters of gasoline per hour.

As for gasoline devices for heating the cabin, they are rational only if it is necessary to heat large on the area of \u200b\u200bcars, since due to the use of gasoline, the effect of the heater is large. But the fuel consumption during the heating of the cabin decreases, and is about 0.3 liters per hour.

Note! Often autonomous salon heaters can work on one of two types of fuel - on gasoline or diesel.

Diesel models of autonomous car heaters machine

Diesel heaters are not much different from gasoline, especially since they can represent the same device. But here there are one significant disadvantage - the fuel used for operation can be undergoing negative effects of negative temperatures, so it will be no less difficult to run such a heater in the cold, rather than the diesel engine itself.

Plus diesel autonomous salon heaters is that modern designs Devices often at a minimum use charge car batteryThat is no less important when carrying out winter trips.

Features of the operation of "Autonomous"

No matter how harmlessly the autonomous salons heaters did not seem, they still remain electrical devices (with the exception of gas), and therefore it is necessary to contact them as carefully:

1. When buying a device, be sure to study the features of its connection and carefully follow all manufacturer's instructions. Particular attention should be paid to the power of the heater. If it does not match the power of the on-board network of your car - do not connect it.

2. Each time you turn on, check the device's performance, no damage and leaks.

3. When the gas heater is obtained, it is very important to prevent the leakage of liquid gas, as this may cause the driver poisoning and its passengers.

4. In no case, do not allow the maximum operation of the salon heater, as the excessive heating of air in the car can be undesirable for your well-being (when the interior is heated, the air can become excessively dry, which will require the most frequent ventilation). It is also worth understanding that the operation of the device "at the limit" can lead to its premature failure.

Also when buying a salon heater, do not hesitate to learn from the seller maximum information about it and its manufacturer. It is very important that the device you purchased was compatible with your car, so it will not be superfluous to learn from the car dealers about the possibility of using an autonomous salon heater.

The heating of the salon from the operating engine is provided in all passenger cars and most of the commercial vehicles. Such heating is effectively during the trip, since it allows to dispose of excess heat generated during fuel combustion. When the car stands, the use of such heating is unnecessary, because it reduces the resource of the motor and leads to big flow Fuel, therefore, as an alternative, autonomous salon heaters are used. In this article we will tell about the device of autonomous heaters, the features of their application and safety measures that will protect you from the negative consequences of using these devices.

Types of autonomous heaters

All autonomous heaters can be divided into the following types:

• air;
• water;
• electrical;
• petrol;
• diesel;
• gas.

The main division of heaters is made by the method of exposure - water connected to the engine cooling system and air heating air in the cabin. The advantage of water autonomous heaters is that they not only heat the air in the cabin, but also maintain the engine temperature, alleviating cold launch And making unnecessary long heating. The disadvantage of these heaters is a greater fuel consumption and electricity, because it is necessary to warm not only air, but also a radiated engine that quickly gives the heat into the atmosphere, so it takes an additional battery to install them. If the autonomous heater is used to heat the house on wheels or some kind of building, then the air heater is many times more efficient, because the radiator will have to be installed for connecting the water heater.

In addition, heaters are distinguished by the method of obtaining heat to liquid-fuel, gas and electric. In liquid-fuel and gas heaters, heat is obtained by burning fuel in a special chamber, which is part of a water or aircraft (radiator). This register takes the heat forming in the process of burning fuel and, heats the coolant, which is air or antifreeze. Then the pump drives the coolant into the cooling system or in the interior machine.

Such heaters require a connection not only to fuel Baku, but also to the intricate air, as well as to the pipe that provides the conclusion of combustion products into the atmosphere.

In electrical heaters, heating is made using an electrically heater connected to an AC 220 or 380 volts. Thanks to this, electric heaters are safer, but less autonomous, because you can not always find a free outlet. Often in stores you can find autonomous heaters working from the battery, but we do not advise you to buy them.

After all, even to maintain the temperature in the cabin, at least 10 amps per hour is necessary. Consequently, the battery with a capacity of 75 amps of hours after 4-5 hours is unlikely to create sufficient, for starting a cold engine, voltage. Therefore, electrical offline heaters in this article will not be described. All information about them you will find here in the article by the engine preheater.

Models and prices of salon heaters auto 12 and 24 volts

The most efficient and popular models include the following:

Installing an autonomous heater to the car with your own hands

The installation of electrical heaters and heaters is described in detail in the article (engine preheater), and the installation of the gas heater does with their own hands presents a serious danger. Therefore, we will not describe the connection of these devices, but we will tell about connecting air and water heaters working on gasoline and diesel.

Safety regulations

When going to install the heater, carefully read the article (safety equipment for repair and maintenance). Remember, all wires, tubes and hoses must be placed so that they do not interfere with anyone and securely attach to the body. It will protect you from the cliff, short circuit, fuel leakage or carbon monoxide to the salon. In places of passage of wires and hoses through the walls of the body, be sure to install protective rubber cuffs that damage wires and hoses about sharp metal edges. At least once a quarter, check the fuel and water hoses for leakage and, if necessary, pull the clamps.

If cold weather is on the street, it is quite natural that the first desire when landing into the car is to warm up. When the heating mode of the cabin is broken, it becomes uncomfortable both passengers and car details. The minus temperature negatively affects the nodes in which the liquid circulates (the same applies to the power unit). Autonomous heaters make it possible to adjust the microclimate in the machine, avoid breakdowns and increase comfort for passengers. Standard salon heating is often efficient only when driving, and during the parking lot, most of the heat simply flies to heating the outdoor air.

Purpose

Risking a few hours to stay in the cold, many do not think about possible consequences. In fact, the engine cools in a couple of hours, and the salon is even faster. To subsequently needed repair autonomous devicesMost manufacturers advise on the installation of contacting professionals. But if there is a certain experience and the corresponding skills, establish such a device forces personally.

Heating from the operating engine is provided in all passenger cars and commercial vehicles. However, for heat availability long parkingThe most efficient option is the installation of an autonomous heater. In order to correctly and effectively ensure their installation and operation, the types of aggregates, their characteristics and opportunities should be studied.

Types and types of heaters for cars

Autonomous car heaters are three types:

1. Aerial models.
2. Oil options.
3. Liquid heaters.

In addition, the fixtures are divided according to the principle of nutrition. As such, electricity (12 and 24 volts), gas, gas, diesel fuel or gasoline. There are also combined variations.

Independent cabin heaters are used to maintain the optimal temperature regime. Their feature is that they can function without a running engine. There are several modes of operation: standard ventilation and air mixture samples outside. The external thermostat or the built-in timer is responsible for controlling the work. Autonomous heaters provide comfortable conditions for passengers, long-distance drivers, special equipment operators.

Air modifications

Such devices are oriented to heating the inside vehicle (Cabins, trunk, passenger compartment). The air mixture in such heaters passes through the heating element and is fed back.

Thanks to the regulator, the driver can economically spend the battery charge and fuel resources, depending on the desired temperature and weather status on the street. Air autonomous salon heater represents a traditional fan heater operating on the principle of a hair dryer. Popular manufacturers: Planar, Webasto, Belief.

Liquid-oil

Such heat heaters are more functional, they are heated first by the power unit, and then the internal equipment of the machine. Such a design simplifies the process of starting the car even at a minus temperature.

Liquid heaters are controlled remotely either by preliminary programming to a specific mode of operation. The most popular manufacturers of the facilities under consideration: "Binar", Webasto, Eberspacher.

Gas heaters for salon

High-alone gas heaters differ from "counterparts" by working on liquefied gas. The main advantage of designs is the simplicity of execution, independence from other power sources, safety. This heater does not discharge the battery.

Also, gas burning products are not poisoned by passengers, but are outwarded, which ensures environmental safety, despite the duration of the use of equipment. The unit operates on the principle of air circulation in the car. The heat transfer is carried out through natural convection of air masses. More intensive mixing provides an additional fan that has not very high power.

Automotive gas heaters do not cause problems during operation, they are not equipped with rotating elements, which ensures high performance and safety.

Machine Gas Heater Device

Autonomous heaters for cars on gas are a block of pipes placed inside the larger diameter element. One details comes clean air, other tubes are designed to remove the exhaust gases.

Thanks to this design, the air in the cabin and the cabin does not burn out, while the heat remains. The device under consideration does not depend on the performance of the machine, and in the event of a motor failure or battery, can provide heat and passengers with heat.

Pluses of gas heaters:

• Long service life (about 15 years).
• An acceptable price due to the absence of electronics.
• The presence of a climate control unit that is in most modern devicesWhat guarantees the choice of the optimal temperature mode.
• Independence from auto resources (fitness to work in various conditions).
• The ability to power the unit from different tanks.

It is worth noting that the heaters are autonomous on gas can be included in motion and on a muffled vehicle. To activate the device, you just need to open the gas supply, and to stop work - use the appropriate toggle switch.

Autonomous salon heater by 12 volts

Not so long ago, the preferential part of the electrical heaters for the interior of the car was equipped with heating spirals. Recently, the lion's share of such devices is made of ceramics. The pluses of the device include the following aspects:

• Preservation of oxygen and the lack of air drain effect.
• Ability to interact with battery 12/24 V.
• Fast heating and good heat transfer.
• Efficiency, overheating protection, compactness and simplicity in service.

Autonomous 12 volt heater has a lot of no more kilograms, which makes it possible to easily transfer it to the right place. The cost of such models is quite high, however, if you wish, you can choose a modification according to your preferences, given qualitative characteristics Devices.

Some models and brands

The autonomous heater of the 12-volt salon is made by several manufacturers with world name. Some of them with brief characteristics Facilities are presented below:

1. The Calix Slim Line 800W brand is a very powerful device with high power indicators, is able to quickly warm the car's interior. The heater is equipped with a regulator, which makes it possible to adjust the microclimate in accordance with weather conditions. The device has high safety characteristics, equipped with thermal protection against excessive overheating.
2. Znich Pfj - Heater for Salon a passenger carFunctioning from voltage 12 and 24 volts. The device is focused on compact salons. Its pluses is the ability to adjust the temperature, simplicity of installation, compactness and durability.
3. Among independent heaters for trucks Airtronic products are very popular. The models D2-D5, characterized by good power, the possibility of ensuring the heat of various dimensions, and even small yachts are particularly popular.

To power the device, a voltage 12/24 V is needed, they have an acceptable price and high quality characteristics.

Diesel version

Consider the features and principle of operation, which has an autonomous salon heater Diesel. According to consumer feedback, it can be equipped with various additional functionality (timer, regulator or pre-launchers). In practical terms, such a product is considered one of the best. The unit allows you to warm up the inside of the vehicle in a few minutes.

The heater is a device consisting of the following elements:

• A block with combustion compartment, which is one of the main nodes in the operation of the device.
• The presence of a separate fuel line makes it possible to connect to the overall highway or work autonomously, regardless of the activation of the power unit.
• Exhaust system that provides exhaust gases.
• In addition, the heater is equipped with retainers for its installation in motor compartment.

The control unit may be remote or toggle. Additional elements are in the configuration, taking into account the product modification.

Automotive heater on gasoline

Autonomous heater Diesel and gasoline have a similar design, efficiency and principle of operation. In this embodiment, the power supply is gasoline. Such a device in modern design allows you to reduce the load on AB. The heater is from such details:

• Air fence system.
• Thermal sensor and regulator.
• Air mixture supercharger.
• Controller.
• Fuel pump, switch.
• Additional elements (timer, fasteners and so on).

The advantages of the gasoline heater refers to the possibility of autonomous work for several hours, reduced noise level, fast heating of air in the cabin, durability and high stability of details to wear.

Installation and repair of autonomous heaters

For the installation of the facilities under consideration, it is better to refer to the specialists. But, having certain skills and desire, it is quite realistic to establish the aggregate itself.

To do this, follow the instructions:

1. Decide with the optimal installation site of the automotive heater.
2. Run laying trunk pipelines and cables, depending on the device modification.
3. Make an electrical connection to activate the control. The block itself is desirable to arrange in the vehicle cabin. To connect, you can use an unloaded chain protected by a fuse.
4. Cut the air ducts into the salon from the device using the regular stove elements.
5. Control tightness on all connecting seams.

After installing the autonomous heater is completed, it is necessary to check its functionality. It is advisable to make it before the start of the complete assembly of the engine compartment, including all the provided modes and comparing readings with the use manual.

Operating nuances

In order for the repair of autonomous heaters does not become frequent, it is necessary to consider when using them some points:

• By purchasing the adaptation under consideration, you need to explore the features of its operation and installation. In addition, you must compare the required and existing parameters and other parameters.
• With each activation of the system, it is required to check its performance. In the presence of leaks or other defects - immediately refer to the repair professionals.
• Check its performance. Make sure that there are no currents or any damage. The filler leakage can lead not only to the failure of the heater, but also to carbon monoxide poisoning of passengers or driver.
• Do not try when you turn on to constantly choose the maximum heating mode. Excessively dry air is harmful to the body, it will be necessary to escape the salon more often, which does not contribute to saving resources.

Conclusion

The autonomous heater, the price of which mainly depends on the principle of operation and modification, must be selected depending on the inner equipment of the car and the estimated area for heating. You can purchase a device from 20 to several hundred dollars.

The optimal option will be equipped with a vehicle with a complex heating system. Air devices will allow to evenly heat the salon, liquid and gas devices will process the fuel assembly, will remove the load with AB and allow no frozen even with a stroke power unit.

Probably, you have repeatedly had to sit in the car in the winter, when it is very cold. Flooring, blizzard, and the motor suddenly stood. What to do? It is clear that you need to cause help. But, how to warm up in the car in the winter - this is what will be discussed in this article. As a rule, the methods of combating cold in themselves in the car today are known. But we managed the most effective and best ways.

Jacket, Pants and Newspapers

If you are stuck in the winter in a stuffing car - get dull

So. The car stood, the stove does not work in the cabin "Kolotan". In the first place, the method implying warming with extra clothing. In other words, it is always helpful to take extra clothes in the car in the car: a warm jacket, cotton trousers, warm socks. You can also be warm by newspapers, as experienced travelers do. Under the shirt and jacket stuff a newspaper. Also in shoes, it is recommended to insert paper as an insole. It will give such a heat that you have not suspected and the warmth of your body will continue longer.

Newspapers are covered by the car itself. Yes, yes - Do not be surprised. Old and unnecessary paper, just what is needed! Even the toilet paper is suitable if that. All windows and gaps of the car are covered with newspapers and papers so that cold frosty air is not. The problem is that the paper is not so easily attached to the frozen surface. The experienced travelers would advise us to mount newspapers with saliva, as it will slow down the process of freezing the windows of the car.

It is worth noting that the papers and newspapers must be fixed in several layers. The more, the warmer will become in the car.

Paraffin candles

Sless it is enough to hear, but several paraffin candles can well warm the car's interior. Let the newspapers insulate the car, it does not hurt. In this case, you should not be too involved and use not a lot of candles. The fact is that there will be little air in insulated newspapers, and the lit candles take a lot of oxygen and it will be difficult to breathe. Most likely, 3-4 candles will be enough, but again, everything will depend on the size of the car's salon.

Autonomous gas burners

The choice of autonomous heaters for cars is quite wide today. Among the many models, the heater, for example, such as Webasto. Such heaters will not only warm the car's salon, but also help to start the engine of the car, since they are preheating fluid. Only now they are expensive and you need to install this heater competently on the car.

Now about completely autonomous heaters, among which gas heaters come out. Burners of infrared radiation are used as the main element. Such a heater will not only warm the salon, but also will give the opportunity to boil tea or heat the food. But it will have to carry with me and a cylinder with liquefied gas. So for a passenger car, a five-liter cylinder will completely come down.

The video shows how the autonomous gas burner works:

One kilowatt is rated power Such a burner and this is quite enough to warm up. , It is unlikely that gas will leave more than 80 grams per hour. This means that for a day or even more to ensure itself with warmth will succeed. The gas burner itself is very comfortable, light and compact. It will not cause any inconvenience to carry it, only besides a balloon, as an additional equipment you need to not forget to capture a lighter with you, hose and gearbox.

To burn the gas burner away from combustible materials and abide by fire safety measures. In addition, it will be necessary to perform periodically salon, so as not to suffocate in smoke. Experts advise placing gas heater In a special box, in order to completely eliminate the contact of the burner with the car. Gas burners "Prometheus" have proven not bad.

Autonomous compact heater

If you do not want to carry a gas cylinder and optional equipment, We can advise the other autonomous heater who took the fourth line of the ranking. It works on a compact collet disposable cylinder and has a minimum power of 1.5 kW, and the mass, for example, Korean KH-2006 is only one and a half kilograms.

There is enough such a heater for three hours, but tea or coffee in the car will no longer boil, unlike the autonomous heater.

Tourist mini heater

There is also a special KOVEA KH 0710 tourist heater. It is also very compact and at an outdoor temperature in minus three degrees are capable of room temperature, in just 12 minutes.

Such a heater can safely fit on the back of the laid out of the car's seating, will give directional heat and allow even driving clothes in the cabin.

Catalytic mini heater

What other ways to warm up in the car is known? For example, there are very comfortable mini-heaters that will help warm their hands. They are also produced by KOVEA. They are very economical and safe and in such catalytic burners heating occurs without flame.

Video about how the catalytic mini heater works:

Well-free Zippo's heater has proven to be well established. It is the size of a large lighter of the same company, but heats well. Interestingly, she used still soldiers in the first world Warso as not to freeze in the trenches.

Thermos - seventh ranking

An ordinary thermos, preferably the bulk will help to warm up well in the car's cabin. Rather, it is not himself, but its contents. Hot tea is well affected by blood circulation and does not narrow blood vessels, such as coffee. And it is best to carry yourself just a thermos with a hot drink from the thyme. This tea will warm very quickly. As is known, the substances contained in this grass growing in the mountains are very useful for the human body. Since the ancient times frostbed travelers warmed precisely such tea, giving him to drink.

The British would advise you to drink some grogh or mulled wine. But besides hot water, then you need to take a bottle of semi-sweet wine with you on the road. Ideally, the wine needs to boil, but in road conditions It can be simply mixed with hot water. It not only helps to warm up in the winter, but also raise the mood. But alcoholic beverages, such as vodka, sitting in the car, it is better not to get involved. They are warming only illusory, and in fact, the consequences may be deplorable. "By alcohol" you can safely fall asleep and freeze.

You can also mix with hot water of lime honey, which can be kept in the glove compartment. A spoonful of honey mixed with hot water will warm up better than any other means.

Vinegar and batching fat - eighth place

And you know that the vinegar warms the body better than any other means. Our ancestors used this remedy for frostbite. So why don't they take advantage of them?

It will be necessary to graze vinegar on the naked body. And then get dressed again. It will help one hundred percent and even more. You can even stand. And it is desirable not to get sick from sharp changes in body temperature, grate with vinegar only foot feet.

You can also graze and barzuccia fat. They also need to lubricate the feet and elbows.

Homemade Greeting

The video shows how to make a homemade heating:

Have you ever heard about the homemade warmer? If not, then this method It can be warm up to become your corona. You will need to take with you on the road a pack of dry alcohol and an empty tin can. You can, of course, are complete, the contents of it to eat, so that the vitamins in the body be more, and use the can, like a heating.

In order to prepare homemade heating canning cans It is necessary to cut the upper rim. Then in one place from above to make several cuts and bend them inside. Next, we break through the nail or if there is a drill of it, several holes in the bank, for the flow of oxygen. Inside the tin can, fasten dry alcohol, and in the very tank side of the cuts insert the hollow tube. In the process of burning alcohol, the tube will heat up and will not badly give heat.

Special heated vest - tenth place

Have you ever heard about this? The vest itself is built in three heels, which work from, whose charge is enough from 2 to 9 hours, depending on the air temperature on the street. It is intended for such a vest for climbers, but he is expensive. If this is there, then do not forget to charge it and take with you on the road.

Traffic

Do not know how to warm up in the car, if the methods described above are not suitable for you? Remember the main character from the film "The Irony of Fate or Enjoy Your Ferry"? That frame when he jumps in place and makes a jog to warm up. In fact, this is the most effective way to warm up, but at the same time the easiest. That is why it fell on one of the lowest rated drops.

It is also useful to periodically rub the limbs so that they are not easy.

If it does not help, then you need to get out of the interior. And quickly run around the car, as long as possible. It is necessary to breathe slowly and evenly. After heating on the street should not be left. Sit back to the car. Freeznet - leave again.

Non-invalid Russian way to warm up in the winter at the twelfth place

This way to warm up in the car is suitable if there is a lot of snow. Arm yourself with a sapper shovel and start throwing as much snow as possible under the bottom of the car, but so that then you can leave from the homemade snowdrift.

Real furnace in the car

How? Beloved? Firewood or a twig can be stocking for free, for example, if your forced stop occurred in the forest or next to the old and half-eyed building, in which there are a lot of boards.

If the stamped car in the winter, then do not despair. Armed with some heater from the above and having studied all the described tips, you will not freeze and survive in harsh weather conditions. Even by the night in the car, one on one with a cold and harsh winter, in the cabin it will be possible to create all the conditions similar. So, do not hang nose motorists!

Remember how the Great Mendeleev was outraged: "Oil - not fuel, can be trapped with assignments!" But then the scale of mining and burning of this valuable chemical raw materials did not go into any comparisons with the current. Yes, and today, when almost all transport feeds on petroleum products, dried boilers and boilers fuel oil is considered luxury from poverty and hopelessness - in developed countries use much cheaper and renewable energy sources. But all these macroeconomic truths crosses the simple everyday situation: night, frost, Kamaz with a truck on the side of the road ... and the driver facing the dilemma: whether the engine cylinders are used as heating boilers, fixing the instant fuel consumption parameter in infinity, or, tightening "in That steppe and deaf in-american amerschchchchik ... ", repeat the fate of the hero of the folk song?

Money in the pipe

On the idling The KAMAZ engine eats about 8 liters of fuel per hour, and the engines of most of the tractacious arresters, it is no different in place, no special efficiency. Uncomplicated calculations show that even in the moderate climate of the middle strip of Russia to heating the cabin during the night parking lots, the everybody is flying down "into the pipe" at least 60,000 rubles! From each machine. And this is without taking into account the costs of the premature motor overhaul, the hundreds of clocking pistons of the cylinder is frightened. What can we talk about our northern regions, where in the time of the state diesel engineering was "kind" tradition to start the engine at the end of October, in order to stroke it in early April ... Preheaters helped without such barbarism, and for trucks in army execution, "autonomy »With the supply of burning products to the engine crankcase, which, in the absence of current oils, ensured the melting of the gel-like M8G2 and the subsequent start even in the Cod-Chiy frost. However, the prepaulist does not solve the chain heating problem - chasing the heated antifreeze on the cooling system, it dispels most of the power - at least 14 kW from 15 developed - in the engine compartment, that is, heels, mainly the environment. In addition, the staff of the KAMAZ "stove" of the prepowancy will be heated simultaneously with a heavy motor, that is, for a very long time and maximum - up to 60 degrees. That in a heavy frost is clearly not enough - even behind the wheel it will be cold, not to mention the sleeping place. Yes, and the roar of a 15-kilowal burner does not really contribute to a strong and healthy sleep. There are autonomous liquid heaters and an objective technical disadvantage - high (90-130 W) electricity consumption by water pump - there are often cases when an old battery is fully "planted", and instead of departure to the line in the warm driver, it expects from a cold with a cold cockpit Wires and Katyusha. It is not by chance that the factory optional installation of the premises, for example, on german carsAn additional battery usually goes into the preheater. Another thing is an air "autonomy", working on the principle of a hair dryer, as, by the way, is called it on the Slaf Slane. Cooling the heat exchanger with a stream of air taken from the cabin, and the outgoing, naturally, back to the cabin, not so intense as a liquid, so with an equal power of the "hairdryer", it turns out more overall than the prevail. But he does not need the power of the latter, for almost all the energy from the burnt fuel (except for 3-5%, which is carried out by heating to 300-400o with exhaust gases) It is released in the form of heat in the car's cab, then scattering into the environment with its walls and glasses. Two kilowatts "airier" is quite enough to arrange the driver of the main truck or driver of the car crane, an excavator, etc. Real "Tashkent". With the power of 4 kW heat with an excess, even at the winter night in Yakutia, but 8-9 kilowatt aggregates are heating the larger buses salons. At times, a smaller volume of flames ensures noiselessness of work - no roam "soldering lamp", like a liquid heater, no in mom. The energy from the battery is consumed only by low-power consumers - even in a 4-kil-watt mode of the maximum return of current from a 24-volt battery does not exceed 2 A, and with a capacity of 1.5 kW - only 0.5 A. That is, for a long winter night battery no Spent the twentieth shares of its capacity. Fuel consumption in such moderate mode will be about 0.2 liters per hour, that is, 40 (!) It is less than that of the KAMAZ motor at idle. But not only the savings plays in favor of the autonomous heater - it is important and growing intolerance of society to air pollution. European culture gradually penetrates our truckers on Wednesday - many of them, trading around the world and installing all sorts of "Eyrtonics" to the cockpit, have already begun to forget how once coughed at night, inhaling sIZY smoke from their and neighbor diesel engines. Today, without stopping the engine on the collective parking lot, you risks after five minutes to hear the knock baseball bat on the door. And you attach with your caraightening for the night in the city, an empty bottle will be thrown from the balcony immediately "for defeat" - in the roof of the cabin. Without a warning throw on the asphalt ... And let you not be surprised that it is the Germans, with their warm, near the zero of degrees, winter, podnatarovatili in the production of autonomous heaters. Yes, in Europe, truckers are all polls - sleep in comfortable three-star motels in comfortable three-star motels, but to stand in the warehouse in stock or customs under the dubble Baltic wind they also have to. And what else will be warm, if not "hairdryer", when to thwart the law prohibits? In Russia, the path of the propagation of air heaters is tormented, long and a ternist - in the people of this type "stove" is associated with the word "Zaporozhets" and is perceived subjectively, as a thing, poor-quality in its essence. The experienced chauffeurs are fresh in the memory of the paintings suddenly smoking right on the move of the "humpback" and "eared", and someone has impaired the spectacle of the burning gasoline path running after the typewriter with a suspect driver ... Emergency capriciousness of autonomous heaters (them for Melitopol microllanes released the Sadrinsky auto unit) forced owners to look for any alternative, such as winding thick copper wire on exhaust pipes For direct transmission of heat into the salon - just to get rid of the hated, annoying gasoline and Gary aggregate. But years have passed, rolled the wave of "favor" foreign cars, including minibuses, and Russia finally learned that such an autonomous heater, "made by hand". Skillful hands ...

All ingenious simply

So, consider in detail the device "air". Production principle of products different manufacturers The same - fuel supplied by the remote electromagnetic pump embedded into the highway closer to Baku (it is always easier to be pulled out than to suck), dosage, under the control of electronics, enters the combustion chamber, or rather, the evaporator. The latter is a heat-resistant body with a sufficiently large surface area - usually this is a package of wire meshes from the "Strewwear" refractory. The evaporator has an electrical incandescent candle with a ceramic rod (open spirals went into the past). The air into the combustion chamber serves a supercharger driven by the motor shaft, in the same place, at the input, cold end of the heater, there is an electronic control unit - its microcircuits does not threaten. The ribs on the outer surface of the heat exchanger, where the hot gases come from the combustion chamber are entered, they are blown from the cab - it drives the fan, fixed on the motor shaft behind the impeller impeller. To the control panel installed on the instrument panel, the wiring harness is laid from the block, and since the communication channel on modern units is usually digital, only three lived: "plus", "minus" and alarm. A rotating regulator or buttons on the remote can be set several modes of the heater - depending on the processor the selected processor will install the required fan rotation speed and the fuel supply volume. Sensors are followed by temperature: one can be built into the control panel or at the inlet of the air flow into the heater, the other - remote, and it is put, for example, at the bed, stretching there with a separate wiring harness. The heat exchanger overheating sensor (thermo switch) is an insurance element, it sends a signal to the control unit, requiring the fuel supply.

When the heater is turned on, the processor diagnoses all systems and launches the program. The voltage on the incandescent candle is smoothly increased, then fuel and air is fed into the combustion chamber, the combustion process begins controlled by the control unit by the flame sensor in the heat exchanger. When burning stabilizes, the candle is turned off, and in the future the flame is maintained by continuous fuel supply. If for any reason the ignition did not occur - for example, due to thickening of summer diesel fuel in the frost, the entire cycle is automatically repeated. After two unsuccessful attempts, the heater turns off automatically, the indicator lights up on the control panel, and at a command of the processor, the supercharger blows the combustion chamber for several minutes. After that, you can again repeat the ignition. However, if the fuel corresponds to the season, such abnormal situations on a modern, passing regular cleaning from a car, the heater is extremely rare, and after ignition the control unit supports burning at the maximum mode, comparing the temperature value specified by the driver on the control panel with air temperature in the cab. If the latter is lower below, the heater continues to work on "full gas", and when it reaches the desired, the fuel supply is reduced. It happens that in the cockpit it becomes even hotter than is required - then the processor gives the fuel pump to rest, and the supercharger orders to blow the combustion chamber with fresh air. When the temperature fell, for example, 2 degrees below the set knob, the digital command comes: "Mahmoud! Light! ", And the procedure for warming up the candle with subsequent fuel supply is excited by the above described scenario. As we can see, the claimed autonomy of the air heaters of all, without exception, firms are very conditional, since any such unit is tightly tied to the car battery, and the death of the battery away from settlements Scattered death and driver. However, designers are in no hurry to create fully independent "hair dryers", although, at first glance, there is no technical obstacles to this. Indeed, what is there any 40 watts consumed from the battery if there are excessive 2 kilowatta during fuel combustion? Why should not rotate the shaft with a stream of combustible gases, why "Fenoa", in general, do you need an electric motor? A thermocouple will fully pull the fuel pump, and electronics. Poggig - Pyrinatron. And no battery is not necessary. Alas, not everything is so simple. The remote similarity of the "air" with a gas turbine engine does not mean anything, and, forcing the flame not only to warm, but also to rotate, we will catch the almost unreserved problem of noise. That is, sleep will have to sleep under reactive. Not to mention the inevitable difficulties with the selection of heat from the exhaust gases, because the "stove", eating fuel, like a plane, no one needs. Yes, and in terms of technology, the turbine and hairdryer, to put it mildly, differ - the heater of the cab of thousands of EDAC for twenty (euro) is unlikely to find demand. So, in the foreseeable future, there are no completely autonomous "airers".

Air heater: Choose me

And now about the peculiarities of the heaters of concrete brands. German "autonomy" Webasto and Eberspaeher consider references - many of the technical solutions introduced by engineers of these firms regularly appear on competitors' products - under licenses or without it. main feature Porn Germans - a solidized aluminum heat exchanger, such a design provides best efficiency Aggregate, but requires a sufficiently high production culture. Prices of heaters of both firms are approximately the same - about 29,000 rubles for a 2-kilowatte "air-term" and about 37,000 rubles for 3.5-4 kilowatts. One of the non-accepted differences of different design schools - in the form of an evaporator: Webasto has it around the perimeter of the combustion chamber, and Eberspeher is on the end. Webasto's asset is a brushless electric motor, a low-easy fan and a combustion chamber with heat-resistant metal-ceramic gasket. A wide range of valid positions allows you to install the heater at an angle of up to 90 degrees from the horizon. "Konk" Webasto is a convenient diagnostics: by signals of the switch or timer, by analysis exhaust gases Or with a computer. The self-diagnosis system displays a malfunction, issuing one of 15 codes. Temperature controller is both heating switch at the same time. Remote temperature sensor on a cable up to 5 m - option. The Comfort kit includes a timer, which includes the heater at the set time. Air Top - So denotes most of the models in their control line, Webasto company. Modern models EBERSPAECHER air heaters are called Airtronic - four enough to overlap the power range from 2 to 8 kW. Among the advantages - high efficiency and a silent fan with stepless adjustment of the speed of rotation. In the list of options, a remote radio control system with a radius of action up to 1000 m.

The Czech company Brano is represented with two models: 2 killeaste Breeze III and twice as more powerful Wind III. The design of the heat exchanger is like the Germans, that is, aluminum casting, and the prices are attractive. Temperature adjustment smooth - from 15 to 30 ° C, among options there is a timer.

"Investers" of Mikuni - that very much that is famous for their carburetors - exotic in our market. The design is kind, since it is based on licenses from EBERSPAECHER, but the absence is so wide as the Germans, the network of service centers still holds back the distribution of famous japanese quality heaters.

Oldest domestic producers Autonomous heaters - Shahaaz. Ancient and very non-technological, as it should be in the "Defense", the design of Shadrin heat exchangers (they are manually welded from the stainless steel) has one essential advantage over the German casting - production flexibility. Master the heater special purpose And the special configuration of the plant is easier than simple - there would be a customer with money. The buyer of the same major heater remains to be relied on the qualifications of welders - if the heat exchanger is made on conscience, fistulating and other holes, fragile carbon monoxide into the cabin, will not. In the production line of Shahaa, there are 5 models of "iners" of the traditional design - with a capacity of 2 to 11 kW, and, moreover, we went to the series two the newest aggregates from electronically control: 2 and 8th kilowatt. But they are much more expensive, for example, 02 costs 16,000 rubles against 10,000 rubles for equal in terms of O15.

At the Rzhevskaya factory "Elra-Termo,", on the contrary, applied the most advanced solution by making a solid heat exchanger, like the Germans. Moreover, aluminum ribs are hollow in it, that is, the surface heated from the inside with combustible gases, it turned out much more than the heat exchangers of foreign anasters, which gives good prospects for an increase in efficiency. So far, Rzhev residents have only one "air" model - "Predonik-4D-24". The kit for 13,000 rubles includes a 12-liter tank for autonomous nutrition "stove", diluted with gasoline powered in a heavy frost.

The Samara Plant "ADVERS", delivering its heaters "Planar" to assembling cars KAMAZ, car cranes and other special equipment, offers "Investers" not only in 24, but also in a 12-volt version, because, for example, American trucks "Cars »The voltage of the aircraft.

The feature of the design is a team of two halves an aluminum heat exchanger. The price of a kit with a 7.5-liter tank - 12,500 rubles. Possible in the market are heaters on gas fuel - they are doing the German company TRUMA. The demand for such a very limited, but for an old gasoline tractor, converted to propane-butane, nothing better than a 2.4-kilowatt unit of TRUMATIC E 2400 will not invent.