ZMZ 514 Specifications. Middle age crisis. We must install the intercooler

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Domestic Diesel ZMZ-514, reviews that consider further, is a family of four-cylinder engines with 16 valves and a four-stroke operating mode. The volume of the power unit is 2.24 liters. Initially, the engines were planned to be mounted on the passenger and commercial transport of gas production, but they received widespread use on UAZ technique. Consider its characteristics, features and responses of the owners.

History of creation

As confirmed reviews, Diesel ZMZ-514 began to be developed in the early 80s of the last century. Designers created new Motor On the basis of a standard carburetor analog for "Volga". An experienced copy was designed in 1984, after which he passed technical and field testing. This modification obtained the volume of 2.4 liters, the level of compression was 20.5 units.

The design includes an aluminum cylinder block, pistons from the corresponding alloy with a special relief, barrel-shaped skirts, an oil contamination indicator, pre-heating candle, inkjet cooling of the piston group. In a wide series, the specified model did not go.

Already in the early 90s, the constructors of the Savolzhsky Combine returned to the development diesel engine new generation. The main task set in front of the engineers is the creation of not just a motor on the basis of a carburetor analogue, but the manufacture of an aggregate that is the most unified with the base prototype.

Features

Given the errors in the initial developments and the desire to guarantee the unification of the maximum with a variation of 406.10, on the "engine" ZMZ-514 (diesel) limited the diameter to 86 millimeters. The design introduced a dry thin-walled sleeve in a cast-iron monolithic block. At the same time, the size of bearings, both indigenous and connecting rod, have not changed. As a result, designers achieved maximum unification in part crankshaft and cylinder block. The presence in the turbine supercharge with air flow was planned initially.

Pilot sample under the index 406.10 was released at the end of 1995. A special small-sized nozzle for this "engine" was made under the order on the Yazda Yaroslavl combine. In addition, the CCC decided to do from aluminum, not cast iron.

At the end of 1999, the experimental batch of ZMZ-514 diesel engines were released. UAZ is not the first car on which he appeared. First, the motors were tested on "Gazelles". Unfortunately, after a year of operation, it turned out that the aggregates are not competitive, complex in service.

According to experts, which is available at that time, the equipment of the plant simply did not have enough technical capabilities for the release of a motor with high quality characteristics. In addition, component parts also caused distrust because they were supplied from different manufacturers. As a result, the serial release was turned into, in fact, without starting it.

Modernization

Despite the difficulties, refinement and improvement of the ZMZ-514 diesel engine continued. We changed the configuration of the BC and the head of the cylinders, with the simultaneous enhancement of their rigidity. To ensure a decent gas seam seal, established a multi-level metal gasket of foreign production. The piston group to mind was brought by the specialists of the German company Mahle. Also refinement were subject to timing chains, connecting rods and many minor details.

As a result, the serial issue began updated diesel engines ZMZ-514. UAZ "Hunter" is the first car to which these motors began to put the massively since 2006. Since 2007, modifications appeared with elements from Bosch and Common Rail. Upgraded copies consumed ten percent less diesel and showed the best rapidness indicator on low revs.

About Diesel Design ZMZ-514

"Hunter" received a four-stroke motor with a row L-shaped placement of cylinders and a piston group. At the top of the pair distributional shafts, Rotation provided one crankshaft. The power unit was equipped with a closed liquid cooling circuit with coercion. Lubrication of parts was carried out combined method (supply under pressure and splashing). In the renovated engine, four valves were installed on each cylinder, while the air was cooled through the intercooler. The turbine does not apply to the ideal, but it is distinguished by practicality and simplicity of service.

Bosovsky nozzles are made in two-year execution, make it possible to provide a preliminary fuel supply. Among other details:

Crank

Reviews about the diesel engine ZMZ-514 indicate that the cylinder block is made of a special cast iron in the form of a monolithic design. The crankcase is lowered below the crankshaft axis. For refrigerant, flow-through sockets are provided between the cylinders. The bottom is the five supports of the native bearings. In the crankcase there are nozzles for oil cooling pistons.

The cylinder head is made of aluminum alloy by means. At the top of the CBC there is an appropriate mechanism consisting of driving levers, camshafts, hydraulic supports, intake and release valves. Also in the specified part there are flanges for connecting the inlet tube and collector, thermostat, cover, incandescent candles, cooling and lubrication elements.

Pistons and liners

Pistons are made of a special aluminum alloy, with compartment of combustion, which is built in the head. The barrel-shaped skirt is equipped with antifriction spraying. Each element has a pair of compression rings and one oil surcharge.

The steel connecting rod is made by the method of forging, its cover is processed assembly, so it is not allowed to replace them with each other. The damper is fastened on the bolts, the sleeve of steel and bronze mixture is pressed into the head head. Crankshaft - steel forged, has five supports and eight counterweights. From the wear of the neck is protected by gas nitrogenation or tvch-hardening.

Bearing liners are made of alloy steel and aluminum, channels and holes are provided on the upper elements, the lower analogues are smooth, without any recess. On the crankshaft flange behind the flywheel with eight bolts.

Lubrication and cooling

Reviews of the ZMZ-514 Diesel on UAZ "Hunter" notes that the motor lubrication system is combined and multifunctional. All bearings, drive details, lever supports, tensioners are lubricated under pressure. Other engine parts are processed by splashing. Pistons are cooled with inkjet oil. Hydraulic supports and tensioners in the operating status are given by the supply of oil under pressure. A single-section gear pump is mounted between the BC and the filter.

Cooling - liquid closed type with forced circulation. The refrigerant is supplied to the cylinder block, processed in a thermostat of type with solid filling. The system has a centrifugal pump with one valve, a wedge belt that serves to transmit energy from the crankshaft pulley.

Timing

Distribution elements (shafts) are made of doped steel with low carbon content. They are shipped stably at a depth of 1.3-1.8 millimeters, previously passed hardening. The system provides a pair of camshafts (intended for drive valves inlet and output). The cams of a different profile are located asymmetrically relative to their axis. Each shaft is equipped with five support cervices, rotates in the supports located in the aluminum head. Details are closed with special lids. In motion, camshafts are given using a two-stage chain drive.

Characteristics in numbers

Before learning reviews about the ZMZ-514 diesel engine, consider its main technical specifications:

volume of working (L) - 2.23;
power nominal (hp) - 114;
revolving (rpm) - 3500;
limit torque (nm) - 216;
cylinder in diameter (mm) - 87;
move the piston (mm) - 94;
compression - 19.5;
the location of the valves - a pair of intake and two outlet elements;
the distance between the axes of adjacent cylinders (mm) - 106;
the diameter of the connecting / indigenous shek (mm) - 56/62;
engine mass (kg) - 220.

The ZMZ-514 engine and its modifications are designed for installation on passenger and cargo-passenger cars UAZ Patriot., Hunter, Pickup and Cargo. Used fuel feed system COMMON RAIL. Bosch firms, a cooled recycling system of exhaust gases with throttle, which is also used for soft engine jumped. To drive the TNVD, the water pump and the generator uses a polyclinic belt with an automatic tension mechanism.

Diesel engine ZMZ 51432.10 Euro 4

Engine characteristics ZMZ-51432.10

Parameter	Value
Configuration	L.
Number of cylinders	4
Volume, L.	2,235
Cylinder diameter, mm	87
Piston stroke, mm	94
Compression ratio	19
Number of valves on the cylinder	4 (2-inlet; 2-edition)
Gas distribution mechanism	Dohc.
The order of the cylinders	1-3-4-2
Rated motor power / at a crankshaft rotation frequency	83.5 kW - (113,5 hp) / 3500 rpm
Maximum torque / at the rotational speed of the crankshaft	270 N M / 1300-2800 rpm
Supply system	with direct injection, turbocharging and inflating air cooling
Environmental norms	Euro 4.
Weight, kg	220

Engine design

The four-stroke engine with an electronic controlled Common Rail fuel supply system, with inline cylinders and pistons, rotating one common crankshaft, with the upper arrangement of two camshafts. Engine has liquid system Cooling a closed type with forced circulation. Combined lubrication system: under pressure and splashing. Cylinder block The ZMZ-514 cylinders block is made of a special cast iron with a monoblock with a crankcase, lowered below the crankshaft axis. Crankshaft The crankshaft ZMZ-514 is a steel forged, five-riding, has eight counterweights for better discharge.

Parameter	Value
The diameter of the indigenous shek, mm	62,00
Diameter of connecting rod necks, mm	56,00

Piston The piston is cast from a special aluminum alloy, with a combustion chamber made in the piston head. The volume of the combustion chamber is 21.69 ± 0.4 CC. Skirt piston of barrel shape in the longitudinal direction and oval in cross sectionHas antifriction coating. The large axis of the oval is located in the plane perpendicular to the piston finger axis. The largest diameter of the piston skirt in the longitudinal section is located at a distance of 13 mm from the lower edge of the piston. At the bottom of the skirt, an excavation is made, which provides the discrepancy of the piston with the cooling nozzle. Piston Floor Finger, the outer diameter of the finger 30 mm.

Modifications of diesel engine ZMZ 514

ZMZ 5143.

ZMZ 514.10 Euro 2 With mechanical TNVD Bosch ve. Without an intercooler and vaccum pump on the generator. Put on UAZ Hunter and Patriot. Power 98 hp

ZMZ 5143.10 Euro 3 Also with the mechanical TNTVD Bosch ve. Also without intercoule. A heat exchanger is installed to cool the exhaust gases of the recirculation system. The vacuum pump was first installed on the cylinder block with the drive from the oil pump, later on the head of the cylinder block with the drive from the timing chain. Power also 98 hp

. The main difference from the previous modifications is the COMMON Rail power system. Power increased to 114 hp, and torque up to 270. They only put on patriots.

Engine problems

Early versions engine ZMZ.-514 suffered by factory miscalculations that "got out" during operation. Forum users collected and classified refuses diesel engine ZMZ-514: 1. Fragment of the GBC. It was celebrated on the engines until 2008 release. Signs: Care of coolant in the engine crankcase, gases breakthrough, emulsion on the oven probe. Cause of casting defect, enhancing the cooling system, broaching technology. From 2008, the defect has not been established on the CBC since 2008. Repair: Replacing the GBC to modern casting. Prevention for GBC from "Risk Zone": 1) Changing compensation Co. for the system with valves in traffic expansion tank With the rise of it above the level of the radiator. 2) Select engine operation modes without long loads over 3000 rpm. (If it seems small to whom it seems small, then for example, on rubber 245/75 on 5 daimos transmission at a speed of 110 km / h, revolutions 2900). 3) Check pulling a GBC. On motors of 7-8 years of release. Links: a secret letter with ZMZ on a hundred expansion tank, alteration 2. Croskok / Options of the timing chain. Possible on all motors. Signs: Sharp engine stop. The engine does not start. Mismatching timing timing. Cause: Outdated hydraulic machine design does not ensure reliability. Embossed part of third-party manufacturer. Repair: Replacing broken valve drive levers. Adjusting timing marks. In the event of a break of the chain, defecting and replacement of the resulting drive parts. Prevention: 1) Monitoring the condition of the tension of the chain through the oil refining neck. 2) Replacing hydraulicers on the design of ensuring reliability. References: About Hydraulic Hydrauls Replacement Hydrauls on Euro4 Motor: The design has not changed. 3. The failure of the oil pump drive. Characterized on Euro3 engines with vacuum pump On the engine block. Since the end of 10 years has not been noted. Signs: Oil pressure drop to 0. Cause: Not high-quality mothers gear. Improving the load on the drive due to the subdining of the vacuum pump. Repair: Replacing the gear of the oil pump drive from the audit of the oil pump and the vacuum pump. In the case of engine operation without oil pressure, detailed defects and, if necessary, more complex repairs. Prevention: Oil pressure control. Checking the supply oil hose to the vacuum pump in the absence of beggars. Checking the vacuum pump on the subflinking. If necessary, eliminating the defects found. On Euro4 motors: a vacuum pump of the altered design is located on the front cover of the GBC. The drive of the vacuum pump is directly from the upper chain. There is no constructively additional load on the oil pump drive. 4. Figure Plate Valve Srog into the engine cylinder. Signs: Smoking black smoke, hit / strikes in the area of \u200b\u200bthe engine, Trojection, impact. Cause: Non-high-quality part of the third-party manufacturer, burned out the valve plate brand from the rod, the passage of the inlet tube into the engine cylinder. Repair: Replacing the details of the details, depending on the degree of damage: piston, valve, cylinder head. Prevention: Turning off the valve wing with the silence of the system. On Euro4 Motors: Valve Logging Germany with electronic position control with a resource installed before replacement of 80,000 miles of run. 5. Reflection of the plug of a square. Signs: Reduced oil pressure, depending on the breakfast situation. Cause: not completed or not qualitatively completed plugs quarter. Repair: installation and connotation of plugs, depending on the consequences, repair or replacement of the engine block. Prevention: Control over oil pressure. Removing the engine of the engine with the status control of the plugs, if necessary, broach and coution. On Euro4 engines: about changing the quality control on the Connel for the better is unknown. 6.1 Crossing the drive belt TNVD. Print: reduction of thrust smoking, up to joy and noness. Reason: Dirt entering kV pulley, loosening belt tension. Repair: Standing belt. Prevention: Compliance with the rules for controlling the belt tension and replacement requirements. On Euro4 Motors: TNLD drive with automatic tensioner. 6.2 Side wear belt drive TNVD, belt break with limit wear. Marked on Motors Euro2. Signs: The desire to slip the belt from pulley TNVD, wear the sidewall with a tensioner roller, hiding belt for the housing. In case of breakdown, spontaneous engine jumper. Cause: Round tilt due to unreliable design and development on the axis of the roller mounting axis. Repair: Replacing the belt and stretch roller, turning the axis of the roller. Replacing the roller on the corrected design. Prevention: with the regulation of the roller replacement on the corrected design. On Euro Motors3: tension roller Changed design with eccentric tension. EURO4 MOTORS: Polycline drive belt with automatic tensioner. 7. Cutting the high pressure pipeline from the pump to the nozzle. It was noted on the Euro2 engines 2006 partially 2007 GW. Most often on 4 cylinders. Sign: sudden engine trimming, smell of diesel fuel. Cause: Incorrect selection of trigger bend angles when designing non-compensating loads. Incorrect installation in the tension. Solution: Replacing tubes on a new sample from 2007. Prevention for old tubes (does not hurt and new): When removing the installation of the tubes, do not allow tightening into the tension. First we press the tube to the saddle saddle, then screw the nut and stretch. Do not allow the touch of pipelines to each other. Correctly select the central position of the pump before assessing and adjusting the injection.

Fuel from right fuel tank 12 through filter rough Cleaning Fuel 11 is supplied with fuel cell 10 under pressure to the filter thin cleaning Fuel 8 (ftoth). At the pressure of the fuel supplied by the electric pump, more than 60-80 kPa (0.6-0.8 kgf / cm2) of the bypass valve 17 opens, removing excess fuel into the plum line 16. The purified fuel from the FTOT enters the high pressure fuel pump (TNVD) 5. Further, the fuel is supplied using a pump distributor of the TNVD in accordance with the order of operation of cylinders on high-pressure fuel supplies 3 to nozzles 2, with which fuel injection into the combustion chamber of the diesel engine. Excess fuel, as well as the air inserted into the system is removed from the nozzles, the pump and the bypass valve on fuel drain fuel supplies in the tanks

Diesel engine system diagram ZMZ-514.10 and 5143.10 on UAZ vehicles with electric fuel pump:

1 - engine; 2 - nozzles; 3 - high-pressure fuel lines of the engine; 4 - the hose of the removal of shut-off fuel from the nozzles to the TNVD; 5 - TNVD; 6 - fuel supply hose from ftot to TNVD; 7 - fuel plum hose from TNLD to the fette piece; 8 - ftot; 9 - fuel fence fuel supply from tanks; 10 - fuel cell; 11 - Filter of coarse fuel purification; 12 - right fuel tank; 13 - left fuel tank; 14 - fuel tank valve; 15 - inkjet pump; 16 - fuel plum fuel line in tanks; 17 - bypass valve. High pressure fuel pump (TNVD) ZMZ- 514.10 and 5143.10 Distribution type with integrated fuel pumping pump, accurate by supervision and electromagnetic valve stop fuel supplies. The TNLD is equipped with a two-mode mechanical regulator of the rotational speed of the crankshaft. The main function of the pump is dosed on the load on the engine feeding fuel into the engine cylinders at high pressure at a certain point in time, depending on the rotational speed of the crankshaft.

Fuel pump high pressure Bosch type ve.

1 - electromagnetic valve motor stop valve; 2 - Screw adjustment of maximum revolutions idle move; 3 - adjusting screw of the maximum fuel supply (sealing and not adjustable during operation); 4 - air charge corrector fitting; 5 - air charge corrector; 6 - screw adjustment of minimum idle speed; 7 - high pressure fuel lines fitting; 8 - Bracket fastening TNVD; 9 - Flange mounting TNVD; 10 - Hole hole for the installation of the central pin; 11 - the groove of the hub under the pins-central TNVD; 12 - hub pulley TNVD; 13 - fuel supply fitting; 14 - fuel lever; 15 - fuel feed lever position sensor; 16 - sensor connector; 17 - fitting of the flow of shut-off fuel from the nozzles; 18 - fuel removal fitting into a plum line; 19 - Nut fastening the hub on the TNTVD shaft Nozzle Closed, with two-stage fuel supply. Injection pressure: - The first stage (step) - 19.7 MPa (197 kgf / cm 2) - the second stage (step) - 30.9 MPa (309 kgf / cm 2) Filter of fine cleaning Fuel (ftot) is important for normal and trouble-free operation of TNVD and injectors. Since the plunger, the sleeve, the discharge valve and the elements of the nozzles are the details of precision, fuel filter Must delay the smallest abrasive particles of 3 ... 5 microns. An important feature of the filter is also the detention and separation of water contained in the fuel. Moisture falling into the inner space of the TNVD may lead to the conclusion of the latter due to the formation of corrosion and wear of the plunger pair. The filter detained water is collected in the filter sump, where should be periodically removed through a drain plug. Drains of sludge from the ftot every 5,000 km of car run. Bypass valve Ball-type will be screwed into the fitting, which is installed on the filter of fine fuel purification. The bypass valve is designed to connect the excess fuel supplied by the fuel pump in the fuel drain line in the tanks. Engine design ZMZ-514

Left side of the engine: 1 - water pump pipe supply of coolant from the radiator; 2 - water pump; 3 - steering hydraulic power pump (GUR); 4 - Cooling fluid temperature sensor (control system); 5 is the temperature pointer sensor; 6 - thermostat housing; 7 - Sensor of an emergency oil pressure indicator; 8 - the lid of the oil refining neck; 9 - front engine lifting bracket; 10 - the army of the oil level pointer; 11 - ventilation hose; 12 - recycling valve; 13 - exhaust pipe of the turbocharger; 14 - exhaust manifold; 15 - heat insulating screen; 16 - turbocharger; 17 - heater tube; 18 - Carter clutch; 19 - plug holes for the mounting pin of the crankshaft; 20 - plug plug oil Carter; 21 - oil drain hose from the turbocharger; 22 - Tube injection oil to turbochargers; 23 - Crane Plum Co.; 24 - Burbocompressor intake nozzle

Front view: 1 - crankshaft pulley damper; 2 - the crankshaft position sensor; 3 - generator; 4 - upper housing belt drive TNVD; 5 -NVD; 6 - air duct; 7 - the lid of the oil refining neck; 8 - oil separator; 9 - ventilation hose; 10 - belt drive fan and pump GUR; 11 - fan pulley; 12 - Tension bolt pump GUR; 13 - Pump pulley GUR; 14 - Stretch bracket drive belt of fan and pump GUR; 15 - pump bracket GUR; 16 - guide roller; 17 - plot of water pump; 18 - the drive belt of the generator and water pump; 19 - a pointer of the upper dead point (VTT); 20 - NMT label on the sensor rotor; 21 - Bottom Belt Drive Belt TNET

Right side of the engine: 1 - starter; 2 - Filter of fine fuel purification (ftote) (transport position); 3 - traction starter relay; 4 - oil pump drive cover; 5 - Rear Motor Lifting Bracket; 6 - receiver; 7 - high pressure fuel lines; 8 - high pressure fuel pump (TNVD); 9 - rear support of TNVD; 10 - point of fastening "-" wire of the CCMSud; 11 - the supply hose of the coolant to the liquid-oil heat exchanger; 12 - the fitting of the vacuum pump; 13 - generator; 14 - vacuum pump; 15 - the lid of the lower hydraulicer; 16 - Crankshaft position sensor; 17 - oil supply hose to the vacuum pump; 18 - oil pressure indicator sensor; nineteen - oil filter; 20 - nozzle of the liquid and oil heat exchanger of the OH removal; 21 - Sliding hose oil from vacuum pump; 22 - Oil Carter; 23 - Clutch Carter Amplifier

Transverse engine cut: 1 - receiver; 2 - cylinder head; 3 - hydrobar; 4 - inlet valve camshaft; 5 - valve drive lever; 6 - inlet valve; 7 - distribution shaft of exhaust clauses; 8 - exhaust valve; 9 - piston; 10 - exhaust manifold; 11 - piston finger; 12 - drain Crane Co.; 13 - rod; 14 - crankshaft; 15 - oil level index; 16 - oil pump; 17 - the roller of the drive of oil and vacuum pumps; 18 - Piston cooling nozzle; 19 - cylinder block; 20 - bypass pipe of the heater tube; 21 - diversifying path of the heater tube; 22 - inlet tube

crank mechanism

Cylinder block Made of a special cast iron with a monoblock with a crankcase, lowered below the axis of the crankshaft. Between the cylinders there are ducts for coolant. At the bottom of the block there are five supports of the native bearings. Bearing lids are processed assembly with the cylinder block and, therefore, are not interchangeable. In the crankcase part of the cylinder block, nozzles are installed for cooling with oil pistons. Head cylinders Mold from aluminum alloy. In the upper part of the cylinder head, the gas distribution mechanism is located: camshafts, valve drive levers, hydroopora, intake and outlet valves. The cylinder head has two intake channels and two graduation, flanges to attach the intake pipe, exhaust manifold, thermostat, covers, planting places for nozzles and incandescent candles, built-in elements of cooling and lubrication systems. Piston Mold from a special aluminum alloy, with a combustion chamber made in the head of the piston. The volume of the combustion chamber (21.69 ± 0.4) cm3. The skirt of the piston of the barrel-shaped shape in the longitudinal direction and oval in cross section, has an antifriction coating. The large axis of the oval is located in the plane perpendicular to the piston finger axis. The largest diameter of the piston skirt in the longitudinal section is located at a distance of 13 mm from the lower edge of the piston. At the bottom of the skirt, an excavation is made, which provides the discrepancy of the piston with the cooling nozzle. Piston rings Mounted three on each piston: two compression and one oil slimming. The upper compression ring is made of high-strength cast iron and has an equilateral trapezoidal shape and wear-resistant antifriction coating surface facing the cylinder mirror. The lower compression ring is made of gray cast iron, a rectangular profile, with a minute chamfer, with a wear-resistant antifriction coating of the surface facing the cylinder mirror. The oil surcharge ring is made of gray cast iron, a box-type, with a spring expander, with a wear-resistant antifriction coating of the surface belt facing the cylinder mirror. Shatun. - steel forged. The connecting rod cover is processed assembly with a connecting rod, and therefore when the engine is being loosening, the covers from one rod to another cannot be rearranged. The connecting rod cover is attached to the bolts that are screwed into the connecting rod. In the piston head of the connecting rod pressed the stroke sleeve. Crankshaft - Steel adhesive, five-pour, has eight counterweights for better unloading. The wear resistance of the shek is provided by tvch or gas nitrogenation. Threaded corks, closing the cavities of the channels in connecting rod cervix, are put on the sealant and boil from self-appointment. The shaft is dynamically balanced, permissible imbalance at each end of the shaft of no more than 18 g · cm. Inserts The native crankshaft bearings are steel aluminum. Top liners with grooves and holes, bottom - without grooves and holes. Inserts of connecting rod bearings oldebron, without grooves and holes. Pulley damper Consists of two pulleys: gear 2 - for the drive of TNVD and polyclinic 3 - for the drive of the water pump and the generator, as well as the rotor 4 of the crankshaft position sensor and the damper disk 5. The damper is used to quench the crankshaft oscillations, which ensures the uniformity of the TNVD , Improve the conditions for the operation of the chain camshaft drive and the timing of timber decreases. The damper 5 disk is driving to pulley 2. On the surface of the sensor rotor there is a round label to determine the first cylinder NTC. The operation of the crankshaft position sensor is to form and transmit electronic block Pulse control from the grooves located on the outer surface. The front end of the crankshaft is sealed with a rubber cuff 7 pressed into the chain cover 6.

The front end of the crankshaft: 1 - tie bolt; 2 - gear pulley of the crankshaft; 3 - polyclinic pulley of the crankshaft; 4 - sensor rotor; 5 - Disk Demple; 6 - circuit cover; 7 - cuff; 8 - asterisk; 9 - block of cylinders; 10 - upper indigenous liner; 11 - crankshaft; 12 - lower indigenous liner; 13 - indigenous bearing cover; 14 - Sponge segment; 15 - Ring rubber sealing; 16 - sleeve; 17 - installation pin of the sensor rotor; 18 - Prismatic Sponka

Gas distribution mechanism

Distributional shafts Made of low carbon doped steel, cemented to a depth of 1.3 ... 1.8 mm and hardened to the hardness of the working surfaces of 59 ... 65 HRCE. The engine has two camshafts: to drive intake and exhaust valves. File shafts are different, asymmetrical relative to the fist axis. In the rear ends, switchgears have labeling markings: intake - "VP", graduation - "Ime". Each shaft has five supporting necks. The shafts rotate in the supports located in the aluminum head of cylinders and covered with covers, broken 22 together with the head. For this reason, the covers of the distribution shafts are not interchangeable. From axial movements, each camshaft is held by a stubborn hemisphere, which is installed in the module of the front support cover and the protruding part enters the protrusion on the first support neck of the camshaft. At the front end of the camshafts there is a conical surface under the drive asterisk. For accurate installation The gas distribution phases in the first neck of each camshafts performed a technological hole with a precisely specified angular location relative to the cam profile. When assembling camshaft drive, their exact position is provided by retainers, which are installed through the holes in the front cover into the technological holes on the first cervixes of the camshaft. The technological holes are also used to control the angular arrangement of cam (gas distribution phases) during the operation of the engine. On the first transition cable of the camshaft there are two lies with a turnkey size to hold the camshaft when attaching an asterisk. Distributional shaft drive chain, two-stage. The first step is from the crankshaft to the intermediate shaft, the second stage - from the intermediate shaft on the camshafts. The drive provides the frequency of rotation of the camshafts twice the speed of the crankshaft rotation. The operating chain of the first stage (lower) has 72 links, the second stage (top) - 82 levels. Chain sleeve, double-row with 9.525 mm increments. At the front end of the crankshaft on the key installed an asterisk 1 of high-strength cast iron with 23 teeth. On the intermediate shaft simultaneously fastened with two bolts, driven asterisk 5 of the first stage also from high-strength cast iron with 38 teeth and leading steel asterisk 6 second steps with 19 teeth. On the camshafts, spars 9 and 12 from high-strength cast iron with 23 teeth

Distributional drive: 1 - Crankshaft asterisk; 2 - lower chain; 3.8 - lever of the tensioner with an asterisk; 4.7 - hydraulic machine; 5 - driven asterisk intermediate shaft; 6 - the leading sprocket of the intermediate shaft; 9 - asterisk inlet camshaft; 10 - technological hole for the installation pin; 11 - upper chain; 12 - asterisk of exhaust camshaft; 13 - Soothing chain average; 14 - Soothing chain lower; 15 - a hole for the mounting pin of the crankshaft; 16 - NMT index (pin) on the chain lid; 17 - a label on the rotor of the crankshaft position sensor, an asterisk on the camshaft is mounted on a tape shank of the shaft through a split sleeve and is attached to a tight bolt. A split sleeve has an inner conical surface, in contact with a conical camshaft shank and an outer-cylindrical, in contact with the sprocket. The tension of each chain (Lower 2 and the upper 11) is made by hydroletakers 4 and 7 automatically. Hydrauls are installed in the guide holes: the bottom - in the circuit lid, the top - in the cylinder head and closed with covers. The hydraulic casing rests on the cover, and the plunger through the lever 3 or 8 of the stretch device with an asterisk pulls the non-working branch of the chain. In the lid there is a drill hole, closed by a plug through which the hydroletlayer when pressed to the housing is driven into a working state. The levers of the tensioner are installed on the console axes, screwed down: the bottom - in the front end of the cylinder block, the upper one - in the support fixed on the front end of the cylinder block. The working branches of the chains pass through the sedatives 13 and 14, made of special plastics and fixed with two bolts each: the lower - on the front end of the cylinder block, the middle - on the front end of the cylinder head. Hydraulic machine It consists of a housing 4 and plunger 3 selected at the factory.

Hydraulic machine: 1 - valve body assembly; 2 - shut-off ring; 3 - plunger; 4 - body; 5 - spring; 6 - stop ring; 7 - Transport stopper; 8 - hole for supplying oil from the lubrication system of the valve drive. The valves are driven by camshafts through a typule lever 3. One end having an inner spherical surface, the lever rests on the spherical end of the hydroopor plunger 1. Another end having a curvilinear surface, the lever rests on the end of the valve rod.

Valve drive: 1 - hydrobar; 2 - valve spring; 3 - valve drive lever; 4 - inlet valve camshaft; 5 - distribution shaft cover; 6 - distribution shaft of exhaust valves; 7 - Truck valve; 8 - plate springs valve; 9 - oil reflective cap; 10 - valve springs base washer; 11 - Saddle of the exhaust valve; 12 - exhaust valve; 13 - the guide sleeve of the exhaust valve; 14 - guide sleeve of the inlet valve; 15 - inlet valve; 16 - Inlet Valve Saddle

Valve Drive Lever: 1 - valve drive lever; 2 - valve drive lever bracket; 3 - needle bearing; 4 - axis roller valve lever; 5 - locking ring; 6 - Valve Lever Roller Roller 6 Valve Drive Armlessly Contacts with camshaft cams. To reduce friction in the valve drive, the roller is mounted on an axis 4 on the needle bearing 3. The lever transmits the movement defined by the camshaft camshaft, the valve. The use of hydropoporia eliminates the need to adjust the gap between the lever and the valve. When the lever is installed on the engine, the lever is fed with a hydrophropor with a staple 2 encompassing the plow plunger. HydroPraof Steel, its housing 1 is made in the form of a cylindrical glass, inside of which the piston 4 is placed, with a reverse ball valve 3 and plunger 7, which is held in the housing of the locking ring 6. On the outer surface of the case, the groove and a hole 5 for the supply of oil inside the support of the main In the head of the cylinders. Hydroporas are installed in bore in the head cylinders.

Hydropar: 1 - body; 2 - spring; 3 - check valve; 4 - piston; 5 - opening for oil supply; 6 -stock ring; 7 - plunger; 8 - the cavity between the housing and the piston of the hydrophopores automatically provide a blatant contact of the camshaft fists with rollers of levers and valves, compensating for the wear of the mating parts: cams, rollers, spherical surfaces of plungers and levers, valves, beam saddles and valve plates. Valves Inlet 15 and graduation 12 are made of heat-resistant steel, the outlet valve has a heat-resistant wear-resistant surfacing of the working surface of the plate and carbon steel surfacing on the end of the rod, hardened to increase wear resistance. The diameters of the rods of the inlet and exhaust valves of 6 mm. The inlet valve plate has a diameter of 30 mm, graduation - 27 mm. The angle of the working chamfer in the intake valve is 60 °, in the graduation of 45 ° 30 ". At the end of the valve rod, there are extracakes for crackers 7 plates 8 valve springs. Sukhari and plate springs are made of low-carbon doped steel and subjected to carbon-polarity to increase wear sufficiency. Intermediate shaft 6 is designed to transmit rotation from the crankshaft with switchgear through intermediate asterisks, lower and upper chains. In addition, it serves to drive an oil pump.

Intermediate shaft: 1 - bolt; 2 - lock plate; 3 - leading asterisk; 4 - driven asterisk; 5 - front sleeve shaft; 6 - intermediate shaft; 7 - the tube of the intermediate shaft; 8 - Roller gear; 9 - nut; 10 - gear of the oil pump drive; eleven - rear sleeve shaft; 12 - block of cylinders; 13 - an intermediate shaft flange; 14 - pin

Lubrication system

Combined lubrication system, multifunctional: under pressure and splashing. It is used to cool the pistons and bearings of the turbocharger, the oil under pressure leads to the operating condition of the hydrophopores and hydraulicers.

Lubricant system scheme: 1 - Piston cooling nozzle; 2 - Main Oil Highway; 3 - liquid-oil heat exchanger; 4 - oil filter; 5 - calibrated oil supply hole on the gear pump drive; 6 - oil supply hose to the vacuum pump; 7 - oil plum hose from vacuum pump; 8 - Sliding oil to the upper roller bearing oil pump drive; 9 - vacuum pump; 10 - oil supply to intermediate shaft bushes; 11 - the oil supply to the hydropopore; 12 - upper hydraulic chain; 13 - the lid of the oil-tank neck; 14 - the army of the oil level pointer; 15 - supply of oil to the cervical cervix; 16 - Sensor of an emergency oil pressure indicator; 17 - turbocharger; 18 - Purchasing tube of oil into a turbocharger; 19 - connecting rod bearing; 20 - oil drain hose from the turbocharger; 21 - indigenous bearing; 22 - oil level index; 23 - label "P" upper oil level; 24 - label "0" of the lower oil level; 25 - oil drain plug; 26 - the oil worker with the grid; 27 - Oil pump; 28 - Oil Carter; 29 - oil pressure indicator sensor Capacity of the lubrication system 6.5 liters. The oil into the engine is poured through the oil-tank neck located on the valve cover and closed with a lid 13. The oil level is controlled by the labels "P" and "0" on the rod of the level pointer 24. When operating a car in rough terrain, the oil level should be maintained near the label "P" , not exceeding it. Oil pump The gear type is installed inside the oil crankcase and is attached to the cylinder block with two bolts and the oil pump holder. Reduction valve Plunger-type, located in the oil pump oil case. The reducing valve is adjusted at the plant setting plant. Oil cleaning filter - A full-flowered oil filter is installed on the engine of an unbalanced design.

Carter ventilation system

Carter ventilation system - closed type, operating due to the permission in inlet system. Oil reflector 4 is placed in the oil separator lid 3.

Carter ventilation system: 1 - air duct; 2 - valve cover; 3 - oil separator cover; 4 - oil reflector; 5 - ventilation hose; 6 - exhaust pipe of the turbocharger; 7 - turbocharger; 8 - turbocharger intake nozzle; 9 - inlet tube; 10 - receiver when working the engine Cartrant gases pass through the channels of the cylinder block into the cylinder head, mixing on the path of the oil mist, then pass through the oil separator, which is built into the valve cover 2. In the oil separator, the oil fraction of crankcase gases is separated by the oil separator 4 and flows through the holes The cylinder head cavity and further in the engine crankcase. The dried crankcase gases along the ventilation hose 5 come through the inlet pipe 8 to the turbocharger 7, in which they are mixed with clean air and are fed through the exhaust (injection) pipe 6 of the turbocharger over the air duct 1 in series in the receiver 10, the inlet tube 9 and further into the engine cylinders.

Cooling system

Cooling system - Liquid, closed, with forced circulation of coolant. The system includes water shirts in the cylinder block and in the cylinder head, water pump, thermostat, radiator, a liquid-oil heat exchanger, an expansion tank with a special cork, a fan with a coupling, a cranium of drainage of a coolant on the cylinder block and radiator, sensors: coolant temperatures (Control Systems), coolant temperature pointer, overheating alarm. The most favorable temperature of the coolant lies within 80 ... 90 ° C. The specified temperature is supported using a thermostat acting automatically. Maintaining the thermostat of the proper temperature mode in the cooling system has a decisive effect on the wear of engine parts and the cost-effectiveness of its work. To control the coolant temperature in a combination of car devices there is a temperature pointer, the sensor of which will be screwed into the thermostat housing. In addition, in a combination of car devices, there is an emergency temperature alarm that is in red when increasing the fluid temperature above plus 102 ... 109 ° C. Water pump Centrifugal type is located and fixed on the chain lid. Water pump drive And the generator is carried out by a polyclinite belt 6pc 1220. The belt tension is made by changing the position of the tensioning roller / Drive of fan and pump GUR It is carried out by a polyclinite belt 6pc 925. The belt tension is made by changing the position of the pump pulley GUR.

Engine cooling system circuit on UAZ cars: 1 - cabin heater crane; 2 - heater electric pump; 3 - engine; 4 - thermostat; 5 is the temperature pointer sensor; 6 - coolant temperature sensor (control system); 7 - Overheating signaling signal sensor; 8 - the filling neck of the radiator; 9 - expansion tank; 10 - plug of the expansion tank; 11 - fan; 12 - radiator of the cooling system; 13 - fan clutch; fourteen - drain plug radiator; 15 - fan drive; 16 - water pump; 17 - liquid-oil heat exchanger; 18 - drain Cranic Cylinder Block; 19 - heater tube; 20 - Salon Heater Radiator

Auxiliary aggregates drive diagram: 1 - the pulley of the crankshaft drive of the water pump and the generator; 2 - gear pulley drive TNVD; 3 - tensioning roller; 4 - the drive belt of the generator and water pump; 5 - the pulley of the generator; 6 - Tensioner Roller TNL drive belt; 7 - pulley pump; 8 - Tooty drive belt TNVD; 9 - fan pulley; 10 - belt drive fan and pump GUR; 11 - pump pulley GUR; 12 - guide roller; 13 - Pullets of the water pump

Air intake system and exhaust gases

In the ZMZ-5143.10 engines, a fetchestrament system was applied to one cylinder, which makes it possible to significantly improve the filling and cleaning of cylinders compared to the two-flame, as well as a combination with the screw shape of the intake channels to provide the vortex motion of the air charge for better mixing formation. Air intake system includes: air filter, hose, turbocharger inlet, turbocharger 5, graduation (injection) turbocharger pipe 4, air duct 3, receiver 2, inlet tube 1, cylinder head intake channels, intake valves. The air supply at the engine starts is carried out due to the piston-generated piston, and then the turbocharger with adjustable supervision.

Air intake system: 1 - inlet tube; 2 - receiver; 3 - air duct; 4 - exhaust pipe of the turbocharger; 5 - turbocharger Release of exhaust gases It is carried out through the exhaust valves, the outlet channels of the cylinder head, the cast-iron exhaust manifold, the turbocharger, the fuel pipe fuel pipe and then on the car output system. Turbocharger It is one of the main units of the air intake system and exhaust exhaust gases, on which the effective engine indicators depend on the power and torque. The turbocharger uses the exhaust gas energy to discharge the air charge into the cylinders. The wheel of the turbine and the compressor wheel is on the general shaft, which rotates in floating radial sliding bearings.

Turbocharger: 1 - compressor housing; 2 - pneumatic excavation valve; 3 - turbine housing; 4 - Bearing Case

Exhaust gas recirculation system (srog)

The exhaust gas recirculation system is used to reduce emissions of toxic substances (NOX) with exhaust gases by supplying part of the exhaust gases (OG) from the exhaust manifold to the engine cylinders. Recycling of the exhaust gases on the engine begins after heating the coolant to a temperature of 20 ... 23 ° C and is carried out in the entire range of partial loads. When the engine is running at full load, the exhaust gas recirculation system turns off.

Exhaust gas recirculation system: 1 - pneumocamera; 2 - hose from the electromagnetic control valve to the recycling valve; 3 - spring; 4 - valve recycling valve; 5 - recycling valve; 6 - recycling tube; 7 - collector; 8 - the exhaust pipe of the turbocompressor when the voltage 12V is applied to the solenoid valve, which is installed on the car, and under the influence of the vacuum, which is created in the propagandaphragm cavity of the pneumocamera 1 with a vacuum pump, the cylindrical spring 3 is compressed, the rod 4 with valve 5 rises and as a result of this occurs Fragrance of the part of the OG from the collector 7 to the graduation (injection) nozzle 8 of the turbocharger, and then in the engine cylinders.

Engine management system

The engine control system is designed to start the engine, control in motion mode vehicle and stop. The main functions of the engine control system ➤ The main functions of this system are: - Control of incandescent candles - to ensure a cold start of the engine and its warm-up; - control of the recycling of exhaust gases - to reduce the content of nitrogen oxides (NOX) in the exhaust gases; - managing the operation of the electric pumping pump (EPN) - to improve fuel supply; - generating a signal to a car tachometer - to issue information about the speed of rotation of the crankshaft engine.

Cylinder block The ZMZ 514 engine is cast from special high-strength cast iron, which gives the engine structures and strength.
The cooling fluid duces forming the cooling shirt are made throughout the block height, it improves the cooling of the pistons and reduces the deformation of the block from overheating. The cooling shirt is open at the top toward the block head.
In the crankcase of the Cylinder Cylinder, ZMZ 514 installed nozzles designed to cool with oil pistons.

Head block cylinder Mold from aluminum alloy. It has intake and exhaust valves. Each cylinder accounts for four valves: two intake and two graduation. The inlet valves are located on the right side of the head, and the graduation - with the left. The head of the cylinder block has seats under nozzles and incandescent candles.

Camshaft Made of low carbon doped steel. The camshaft camshafts diffilly, are located asymmetrically relative to their axes. On the rear ends of the shafts are marked with branding: on the inlet shaft - "VP" graduation shaft - "SET". In the engine, each shaft has five references. Located in the head of the cylinder block and closed with covers, crushed in one as a whole with the head, therefore the covers of the distributional shafts are nevissy-changeable.
Each shaft has a support neck again. Shafts rotate in the references located in the head of the cylinder block and closed with covers, crushed in one whole with the head, so the covers of the distributional shafts are nezoimosamplen.
From axial movements, camshafts are held by persistent hemispastes installed in the pumping of the front support covers and incoming protruding parts in the protrusion on the first support cervixes of the camshaft.

Pistons Mold from aluminum alloy. On the bottom of the piston, the marking of the size of the diameter of the piston skirt diameter (the letters "a", "b", "y") and the arrow is applied to the correct orientation of the piston when installing into the engine (the arrow should be directed towards the front end of the cylinder block). At the bottom of the piston skirt, an exhaust is made, which ensures the discrepancy of the piston with the cooling nozzle. Three grooves are performed in the head of the piston: compression rings are installed in the two tops, in the bottom - oil slimming. The groove under the upper compression ring is made in the hardening insert from the loop cast iron. At each piston, three rings are installed: two compression and one oil slimming. Compression rings are cast from cast iron.
The axis of the opening of the piston finger is shifted by 0.5 mm in right side (in the direction of the car traffic) from the middle plane of the piston.

Crankshaft Mold from high strength cast iron. The shaft has eight counterweights. From axial movement, it holds the stubborn semi-horses installed on the middle neck. The flywheel is attached to the rear end of the crankshaft. In the opening of the flywheel inserted the spacer sleeve and the bearing of the transmission shaft shaft.

ZMZ-514 engines - the brainchild of JSC ZMZ. This is a company operating in the field of mechanical engineering. In our country, this is the largest producer of gasoline power aggregates. More than 80 variations come from the conveyors of this plant different engines For brand machines UAZ, grooves and gas. Also, the company produces more than 5 thousand automotive components. It is included in Sindicat of Sollers OJSC. His story began in 1958.

Specialists of this company have come up with a rather interesting device of ZMZ-514 engines. This also applies to their components, and the principles of work. Turbocharging technology deserves special attention.

Structure

ZMZ-514 engines, as a rule, have 12 elements in their composition. They are reflected in the diagram below and are numbered accordingly.

The engine includes:

Cylinder block.

Cylinder head.

Combustion compartment.

Piston.

Compression ring with top position.

A similar ring, but at the bottom.

Ring for extracting oil.

Piston finger.

Rod.

Branched crankshaft bending.

Inserts p. 9.

Counterweight.

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ZMZ 514 engines are not complicated structurally, conveniently served and considered very economical. Engine development ZMZ 514 on diesel fuel Began in 2002 at the Volga factory in the Nizhny Novgorod region with the involvement of specialists from the UK.

Diesel "engine" ZMZ 514 excellent characteristics. It has a reliable cooling system, and the oil change interval is 15,000 kilometers. Pistons are made of aluminum alloy. The overall engine resource is about 250,000 mileage kilometers.

ZMZ-514 spare parts for UAZ cheap

In the online store "ZP495.RU" can be advantageous to purchase spare parts for the ZMZ-514 engines per Cars UAZ:

Hunter
Pickup (Pickup)
Patriot (Patriot)
Cargo, "loaf", symbir
UAZ 3151, 3962, 3909, 3153
UAZ 3160, 3162, 3303, 3741, 3159.

Cost of auto parts engines ZMZ-514 on auto UAZ prices

Online auto parts store "Site" offers for engines ZMZ-514 for UAZ Assortment of spare parts, including:

distributional tree
air duct turbocharger
arrifier camshaft
carter Oil
carter clutch
lower housing
collector graduation
gasket set
bracket pump gurt
cover GBC
cover valve
vacuum pump
water pump
oil pump
receiver
roller Soothing
high pressure fuel line
recycling tube
fuel filter
pulley fuel pump.

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