Machines with propellers - BMW history. Company History BMW Design History BMW

Exactly 100 years ago, BMW was founded. We remembered the top ten of the coolest Bavarian machines, who forced competitors not to sleep at night, and the admirers were lined.

Yaroslav Marshallkin

BMW 507.

It is considered one of the most beautiful models for the stamp story. The sports roadster submitted to the public in 1955 was conceived as a competitor Mercedes-Benz 300sl and was aimed at North America. Strite to do best car His time put BMW on the edge of bankruptcy.

The double body was made of light aluminum alloy, the V-shaped "eight" was placed under the hood, which allowed owners to develop a speed of 220 km / h. A little later, the car got efficient disk brakes, but for customers it did not make a proper impression.

The high cost scared even wealthy customers. Despite the fact that the owners of the premium BMW were the stars of the first magnitude (for example, Elvis had two 507 in the garage), for their short century, this model, like many geniuses, was not honored with the Glory of Life. But after a while was recognized as a classic. Today it is a real rarity for which visitors of the auctions lay out millions of dollars.

BMW M1.

Another ladding prey collectors. The model sold from 1978 to 1981. In BMW, we decided to release the middle-door supercar (model with a mid-door layout) together with Lamborghini. But the cooperation was not palpted, and embodied the idea only in BMW.

The design of the prototype is designed by the legendary marriage field. As a result, he had a powerful influence on the DNA of the brand. It was then that first appeared layout of the instrument panel, deployed toward the driver and became the BMW business card.

M1 was a breakthrough not only in design, but also in terms of engineering. The modest four-cylinder motor was equipped with a rare at the time of turbocharged, which allowed out of two liters to squeeze more than 270 hp. For M1, even made a separate racing series, in which the stars "Formulas" nicknames of Lauda and Nelson Peak performed. Unlike the road versions, M1 for the track was forced to an incredible 850 hp

BMW Nazca.

Generation 1976-1982 should remember the insert from the Chewing gum Turbo with the appropriate image, in addition, this model is familiar to us on the game Need for Speed. However, in reality, the concept of Kara from Maestro Gurdjaro was destined to remain the exhibition exhibit. Nazca, first shown in the Tokyo Motor Show 1992, was too bold, too complicated and too expensive to come into a series.

In the car for the first time, energy absorbing bumpers, guaranteed collisions with obstacles without any financial consequences for the owner. A total of several unique cars were produced, one of whom was meant a member of the Arabian family. By the way, recently Nazca lit up on a car auction, so if you have an extra million dollars, there is still a chance to put this car in your garage.

BMW M5.

The first generation of the car saw the light in 1984. Since then, he, like Batman, in each new Series It becomes cooler and cooler. But we will remember the generation of E34 of the 90s - the last M-ku, the warmth of the manual assembly. The production of subsequent generations has become automated. The king of the autobahn in a civic sedan costume, besides, for the first time in the model range of BMW Motorsport with the body of a wagon. Depending on the modification, the M5 motor power ranged from 311 to 335 hp, while a rich list additional equipment And the possibility of a comfortable ride with the family made a model of a universal machine, on which you can carry children to school and go to the track.

BMW 850.

Coupe of the Gran Turismo class, produced from 1989 to 1999 worth about 100 thousand dollars. The car competed in Europe and Ocean with Mercedes-Benz SL and Ferrari 348. The most powerful version 850 CSI developed 350 hp (by the way, this V12 was put on a unique McLaren F1), equipped with advanced electronic systems help I. adaptive suspension. Today in the model range, the role of the GT class complies the 6th BMW series, and the "eight" asslaved in the hands of grateful fans.

BMW Z8.

Henrik Fisker and Chris Bangle were put to creating a car, subsequently asked the direction to a good ten years. The ideological successor of the famous 507th on the car dealership in 1997 was adopted by the public is welcome. As a result, BMW decided to make a limited series of cars at a price of 170 thousand dollars each on the basis of the show-stopper. Z8 easily gained a limited electronics speed 250 km / h, but was created not for drag racing. A much more organic car looked on the sea coast or in the garage of East Sheikh. A logical stroke, emphasizing the special status of the BMW Z8, was the role of Bondmobil in the film "And the whole world of little".

BMW X5.

If we assume that the tin Range Rover. (Which during the creation of X5 belonged to the Bavarians) gave the window to the segment of the luxury SUVs, then the X5 is the window of the window and put modern double-glazed windows into it. Focusing on the main value of the German brand - the pleasure of driving, X5 first became famous after installing a record on the Nürburgring Racing Highway, where the tests dispersed the prototype to more than 300 km / h.

But in Russia "Boomer" firmly entrenched in the consciousness of the masses, associated with the film of the same name. Fortunately, with the X5 updates, Slowly loses the halo of the business card of the head of the organized criminal group. Today in the authorities, judging by the scandalous news about the citizen of graduates of the FSB Academy, another German brand, a close competitor BMW. Well, on health!

BMW 3.0 CSL Hommage

Despite the fact that it is not serial modelWe have included her in the top ten of the most beautiful BMW. The successor of the glorious sporting kind, originating from the coupe 3.0 CS of 1968, at one time that was competing Porsche 911.

Company name - BMW - deciphered as "Bavarian Motor Plants" (Bayerische Motorenwerke). This automotive company, which specializes in the production of motorcycles, passenger, sports cars, cars high passability. BMW headquarters is located in the capital of the federal land of Bavaria, Munich city. The company's logo hints at the aviation past and the present company is a white propeller against the background of the blue sky. In addition, blue and white - the official stamp colors of Bavaria.

History BMW. It begins with two small aircraft companies created by Karl Rapp (Karl Rapp) and Gustav Otto (Gustav Otto) (Gustav Otto's son, the inventor of the internal combustion engine) in 1913 in Munich. Next year, the First World War begins, and the German state begins to experience a greater need for aviation engines. This moves down two designers to unite in one factory. In July 1917, this plant registers the name Bayerische Motorenwerke, and the BMW brand acquires life. But with the end of the war, Rappa and Otto expects a complete decline due to the defeat of Germany and the ban on the production of aircraft engines. Nevertheless, enterprising BMW managers quickly detect another niche in which their ability to produce powerful motors can be useful. First, motorcycle engines begin to be made, and then the factory passes the full cycle of production and assembly of the motorcycle.

The first one is R32 - appears in 1923, and immediately acquires a high reputation due to its high-speed qualities and reliability. In the field of the production of entrepreneurs actually, unprecedented success is also waiting, since equipped engine BMW. The plane controlled by the Franz Dimer pilot in 1919 establishes the World Record Height Record - 9760 meters. In addition, the company concludes a secret treaty with the USSR for the supply of aircraft engines, and the Union aircraft also put records.

1928 marked by the acquisition of new factories in the city of Aizenakh, the Federal Earth Thuringia, and together with this license for the production of DIXI salty agents.

Actually, DIXI becomes the first BMW car. His low price and efficiency provides high sales in the German destroyed and financial crisis. The Glory of BMW and its motors is growing at the expense of new achievements, for example, the flight Wolfgang von Gronau across the Atlantic Ocean on the seaplane and the world record speed for motorcycles supplied by Ernst Henne on R12, equipped with the latest BMW design solutions.

The gap between the two world wars in the BMW history is also marked by models 303 and 328.

The latter was a sports car, which left far behind its competitors from the same Niche and was a repeated prize-winner of all sorts of racing competitions. At the same years, the concept of which the company should still have been formed - "car for the driver", in opposition to the Mercedes "car for passengers."

World War II, like its predecessor, forces the company to switch to the production of aircraft engines, including in connection with the ban to sell cars to individuals. In this key, the BMW is the first to begin production of jet engines in the world, as well as carry out design developments on rocket engines. But with the completion of the war, the company turns out to be on the verge of collapse, since part of its factories is in the Soviet occupation zone, and they are destroyed and dismantle the equipment for reparations. The release of the Air Motor Enginee War is now aged three-year ban on production.

Then BMW leaders, rapp and Otto begin all over again. R24 motorcycle appears,

and behind him passenger car model 501, which, however, did not bring big profits. By 1955, models of motorcycle R50 and R51 are produced, and an interesting project is published - the ISETTA is a strange hybrid of a motorcycle and a car with three wheels (two in front and one behind), as well as the door opened on the frontal part of the case.

Of course, Isetta turned out to be extremely cheap, and for driving in some countries there was enough to have a motorcycle right, so such cars were ruined with war and reparations, such cars fell to taste and on the pocket.

But the fashion for cars is changing, and once again not guessing the preferences of the public, the company's management makes a marketing error, and BMW is on the verge of bankruptcy. The question arises about selling the company Mercedes, but small shareholders and field dealers impede this, and the transaction fails. Then the company rebuilds its capital and thus holds on the afloat. The further history of the company is the story of steady growth and original technical solutions. Among them, it can be sequentially noted: anti-lock brake system, electronic engine control, introduction of turbotechnologies in the automotive industry ...

In 1969, motorcycle production is translated into Berlin. BMW establishes a headquarters building, as well as a research and testing center. In the 70s, the first models of all known bMW Series - 3rd series, 5th series, 6th series, 7th series. 1983 - the year of Victory BMW on Formula 1 races.

In 1990, the year of reunification of the two Germany, BMW returns to the production of aircraft engines, and the BR-700 engine is first in the row. In addition, the company actively cooperates with other automakers.

In 1994, the industrial group Rover Group is bought together with its largest in the UK complex for the production of brands Rover, Land Rover. and Mg. In 1998, the British company "Rolls-Royce" was acquired. The company also does not forget about the safety of its customers, so since 1995 all cars without exception are equipped with airbags for both the driver and the front passenger and the anti-theft engine blocking.

Modern BMW is a thriving concern that increases its profit from year to year. This is one of the few firms exercising exclusively manual assembly, without robots, only with post-produced computer diagnostics. The company includes five factories in Germany and twenty-two subsidiaries worldwide.

For motorists BMW - a dream car, for competitors - quality plank. Today, Bayerische Motoren Werke products are associated strictly with cars and German reliability. It knows little that for BMW began with aircraft engines and brakes for trains.

In 1998, the Vickers Concern sold the rights to the Rolls-Royce brand, despite the fact that Volkswagen offered $ 90 million more. Such confidence does not arise from scratch, and the company's history confirms this thesis in full.

History BMW.

Airplanes and trains

Brothers Wright made their famous flight in 1903, and after only 10 years, the demand for airplanes was so high that the aircraft company seems profitable even for conservative Germans. The future owners of the Bavarian Motor Plants open enterprises in close proximity. Plant Gustav Otto (son of Nicolaus August Otto, known invention of the gas four-stroke engine internal combustion) Roads on the outskirts of Munich with the enterprise Karl Rappa. About Competition Speech is not coming: the first collects airplanes, the second - engines.

First world War It becomes for companies an inexhaustible source of income and enterprises are combined. Officially, the date of registration of Bayerische Motoren Werke is considered July 1917, but by this time the RAPU left the company. An attempt to digest received in 1916 a large order for the production of V12 for the Army of Austria-Hungary was the cause of both mergers and an unstable financial situation. Rappa in his post replaced Franz Joseph PPP from the same Austria-Hungary. In 1918, the company receives the status of AG (Joint Stock Company).

In September 1917, the history of the logo begins. The first BMW emblem was a propeller against the sky. The owners of the company did not suit the option and later the propeller was stylized to four sectors painted in two colors. According to another version, the cross and white sectors were interpreted by marketers as a propeller only for convenience, and with a propeller are not connected. Blue I. white colors taken from the flag of Bavaria. Finally, the logo is approved in 1929 and practically not subjected to changes in the future. The volume emblem has become in 2000.

In 1919, airplane with the BMW engine conquers height of 9760 meters. The author of the record is Franz Dimmer. The achievement was one of the few reasons for joy, because the construction of aircraft in Germany was prohibited by the Versailles. Some time, Otto plants produce brakes for trains.

From motorcycle to bike

The minor points of the Versailles in Germany very quickly ceased to pay attention. Today it is no longer a secret that at the beginning of the 30s the company supplied aviation motors for the USSR. BMW engines are involved in one aviation record after another. Only in 1927 the company turned out to be involved in 27 such achievements. However, at this point, motorcycles are the main direction of production.

The first motorcycle history of the BMW brand is replenished in 1923. R32 easily conquers popularity and at the exhibition of the same year in Paris will be presented as one of the most. Motor rates of the 20s and 30s confirm high speed and reliability of BMW products.

The fastest motorcyclist of the world became Ernst Henne in 1929. The record is applied on the BMW technique. A year earlier the construction of a car plant in Aisenach ends, and the first Bavarian car appears on the light - DIXI. From this year the story of BMW machines begins.

The Second World War destroyed the German industry. In addition, the allies imposed a limit on the volume of engines. The maximum in 250 cm 3 is not allowed to develop. Attempts to restore the release of motors with a concern in the final impasse.

The history of the factory BMW could end in this place, because it was about demolishing the building by the Americans, and the company itself was going to absorb Mercedes-Benz. The world would never have learned the legendary Z8, but the difficulties managed to overcome due to the production of bicycles and utility techniques. The company has passed on the verge of collapse, but the first motorcycle released after the war bought no worse than the pre-war samples.

R24 was built on the basis of previous models, but had a single-cylinder engine, which enclosed in the limitation superimposed on the volume. Low price and still high quality determined success. R24 released in 1948, and already in 1951, 18 thousand units of equipment took off the conveyor.

Cars

Attempts to produce comfortable cars after the war end fails, it is necessary to navigate to the working class. The company does not hesitate even supplies to the USSR sedana BMW. 340 (pre-war BMW 326). However, after several years of crisis, the history of the concern again begins to take the achievements.

• 1951 Based on the model 340, the first post-war car is going to 501. Important model For the development of BMW.
• 1954-74 The company's cars hold first place in motorcycles with wheelchairs.
• 1955 comes from the conveyor first Isetta. The company is focused on middle class. 1957 - Isetta 300. Super highlights and durable - these models actually returned the concern to life.
• 1956 Model a number of BMW. replenished - 507 and 503. The first engine had an incredible power for that time - 150 hp
• 1959 Model 700. The machine is collected on the iSetta base, but the engine is taken from the R67 motorcycle. Despite 32 hp, due to compact sizes accelerated to 125 km / h. Designer - Giovanni Mikelotti.
• 1975 The first triple of BMW.
• 1995 A car James Bond appears on the light. On E52 (factory number z8) is put best Motor, the appearance of the car is an order of magnitude increases the number of fans of the brand.
• 1999 First SUV. E53 (BMW X5) is waiting for a deafening success already at the presentation in Detroit.

Legendary BMW machines

501

Some brand fans consider this car the most beautiful among bMW cars. Despite the beautiful and original design, the car was offended reluctantly. The heavy body moved too weak (65 hp) Motor, so the Americans and products of Mercedes-Benz 501th inferior. However, this model has become key to designing other, more successful.

The public was presented in Frankfurt in 1951. The production of bodyworks assumed the company Baur. Work was a bit: in seven years, 3444 cars have been released. But the assessment was given later when special marks began to arrive at the 501st.

2800 Spicup.

The history of BMW models could not do without experiment. The appearance developed the famous car designer Mercell Gandini, who worked with the Bertone atelier. Supercar is assembled in a single copy. Futuristic appearance was supplemented with a six-cylinder engine at 2.5 liters of volume and chassis from 2000 CS. The maximum speed is 210 km / h.

Fully workable concept was created exclusively for the exhibition in Geneva 1967. Marketers decided that the car was too similar to Alfa Romeo, but it did not stop the collector who bought it for personal use. The quality did not rocked, and by the end of the 20th century, the auto mileage passed for 100 thousand km.

M1 (E26)

Designed together with Lamborghini, the car was doomed to become a celebrity. Designed initially exclusively for racing, it was then supplemented by a road version. The appearance of the latter is associated with restrictions imposed by the organizers of the competition. Total released 453 cars.

Even Andy Warhol was drawn as an advertising move toward the modernization of the appearance of the M1. However, the main achievements were covered under the hood. The M1 engine accelerate the car to a hundred for 5.6 seconds, and the upper limit was limited to a strip of 260 km / h.

750Li (F02)

Starting from the presentation of the first model, held in 1977, and before today's day The 7th series remains the flagship of the concern. Each new model - Sample for competitors, each applies new engineering solutions. For half a century, 5 generations changed.

Today, F01 / 02 is produced with five engine options, among which there are diesel and gasoline. There is also a bitoxic version of Hydrogen 7, a limited series. The maximum speed is 245 km / h. Acceleration up to 100 km / h in 7.7 seconds.

X5 (E53)

The basis for the car served the fifth series, but high ground clearance and planned geometry allow X5 to move on any type of coating. The attack company turned out to be successful, and today the car is directly associated with this concept. The eight-adjusted gearbox allows you to smoothly develop speed and save fuel, transmission - overcome off-road.

The popularity of the car provided and a comfortable interior. A lot of glasses added a bright design, carrying the body and a spacious trunk. The first model is presented at the auto show in 1999, and the new modernization is planned in 2014.

Conclusion

Recent years have become for the BMW brand not quite successful, but the company still holds high level production. Today on the famous german quality Two dozen plants scattered throughout the light running. There are 5 enterprises in Germany, where old models are not only gather, but new ones are being developed.

Video about the history of BMW:

The reliability offered by the German brand has become a kind of symbol. However, the car is not so important as its driver. Show more requirements for yourself, and any black stripe on your road will turn as for the Bavarian company, in the history of success.

Beach when will it be? Yes, it will be right now, do not worry, welcome all lovers of turbojet traction and turbowetas BMW. Everything is ready for me, I even made a forked exhaust, and in today's video, we will see what the turbostarter from the MiG-23 aircraft installed instead of standard wrench in this is a luxurious DVC car thrown out, but it's worth the turbo engine this jet engine I was given subscribers. For what everyone has a lot of thanks. I brought it to the working condition. She climbed all the pumps, oil, fuel, made exhaust. Having soused it on a regular gearbox through the transition slab and the transition mechanism and now we are ready to start a special vacuum pump installed, which supports vacuum amplifier vacuum. Accordingly, now, the brakes in this car will be, and they will be completely normal so we have a fuel pump, this is a starter. Well, all will try something with difficulty setting down! In short, while somehow so. Something went wrong, (the second attempt) started like the refueling kerosene I think 50 liters would be enough, to drive well, so we refumed what we do? Start! Neither a fig for a yastya! Heard in the sound that the monster is already close! Tin! The oil burned everything, no longer smoke. And then you could track him what? Fine? Buxed no? Yes? You can once again. Can I go upstairs? We are on the car and you ... eh? We are on the car on your own yes? Not here all aa, everything is here? Yes. Yes, let's go! Rides normally? Excellent! Let's come here forward to try to grind well, let me go out, right? Yes, can you again? One wheel just grinded it smoke? This rubber smokes yes? Yes. Come again. Let it be ventured here (second transmission) a normal car, rides (dynamics of garages) We are on the third, the knee shakes now until the end, right? All, cut out thanks that they brought shorter guys everything worked in normal mode. We traveled I don't know how many minutes probably maybe even more. Grounding rubber, started up to 50 or to 60, they dispersed even time. Well, you have to go to a longer track and try there. The dynamics are not bad, well, here to hook nowhere, here the dirt road so you need to start another place well, here we are in place. It remains to charge this baby fuel and butter and you can start eats it, of course, the whole thing in cosmic simply some scales, what to do guys, all the same gas turbine engine He is a turbovaya, he is a turbostarter that's actually oil, but here you already know what Cerosene here! From the past pokatushek on the garages, its number is pretty decreased so we fill up to the full tank so little here about! Now everything is in order, guys (kerosene) What, also want to try? Well, of course, the operator should also charge yes wait, wait, where, enough! Give here back. You look (do not repeat :)) All the guys jokes ended now we will start. We learn the maximum speed key to the start noted so. Well, I am a permitting guys I am afraid that you will have to switch to the fifth. And the fifth knocks 87 km / hour the maximum speed of 4 transmission to the fifth did not switch something broken! We must look shorter than weaving does not gain, guys I do not know what to do the fifth does not stick it means to try to speak so to say the angle on Bahe yes, the guys happened, again fuel the operator said to burn tires now. It is only necessary to refue, well, you are in FIG with your plates damn, it's tin, yes, I almost died there, almost already yes? Almost we will continue and well, this is all tires, the guys by the way asphalt does not deteriorate! See the asphalt normal, the same as was the sun shining. I barely survived if honestly, I was already alive and the window was trying to breathe, well, I have nothing to breathe at all, you will not dwell from her later. Or is she clean? Or is she clean? Yes, she is clean, she will not even smear it is necessary to finish this matter start again! I hope smoke will be less, although ... who am I cheating? Ha ha ha! There is! Well, what happened that, not? Sure! Guys, I hope you enjoyed this show. At least once in life it was necessary to do this. I did not yet do it for sure I thought about the Khan's disk so she snapped all the barracks. But the disc survived well, in general, on it, as you can see, just all the spare wheels we do not have anyone it was interesting to subscribe to the channel, support the life of everyone thank you for your attention and so far! (on the channel)

Official website: www.bmw.com
Headquarters: Germany

German automotive company specializing in the production of passenger and sports cars, cars increased passibility and motorcycles.

In 1913 on the northern outskirts of Munich Karl Rappa and Gustav Otto, the son of the inventor of the internal combustion engine of Nicolaus August Otto, create two small aircraft company. The first World War started immediately brought numerous orders for engines for aircraft. Papes and Otto decide to unite in one aircroof pottery. So in Munich there is a factory of aviation engines, which in July 1917 is registered under the name BAYERISCHE MOTOREN WERKE ("Bavarian motor plants") - BMW. This date is considered to be the year of the founding of BMW, and Karl Rappa and Gustav Otto its creators.

Although the exact date of appearance and the moment of the company's foundation and today is the subject of disputes between car historians. And all because officially industrial company BMW It was registered on July 20, 1917, but long before that, in the same city, Munich existed many firms and associations, also engaged in the development and release of aircraft engines. Therefore, in order to finally see the "roots" of BMW, you must be transferred to the last century, the territory of existing not so long ago is the GDR. It was there that, on December 3, 1886, "the involvement of today's BMW is" mounted ", and it is there, in the city of Aisenach, in the period from 1928 to 1939. There was a headquarters of the company.

One of the local attractions of Aisenach was a reason for the appearance of the name of the first car ("Vartburg"), who saw the light in 1898 after the company was created by a number of 3- and 4-wheeled prototypes.

Highly an important point In the history of the BMW company and the plant in Aisenach, 1904 became the year, when the Motor-show was put up on the "Dixie", testifying to the good development of the enterprise and the new production level. There were only two models - "S6" and "S12", the numbers in the designation of which were indicated by the number horse power. (By the way, the model "S12" was not shot from production until 1925.)

Max Fritz was invited to the position of chief designer in Bayerische Motoren Werke, who worked at the Daimler plant. Under the leadership of Fritz, the Aviation Engine BMW IIIa was manufactured, which in September 1917 successfully passed bench tests. The aircraft equipped with this motor at the end of the year has established a world record, rising by 9760 m.

At the same time, the BMW emblem appeared - the circle, separated into two blue and two white sectors, which was a stylized image of a propeller, rotating against the sky. Recovered and the fact that blue and white - National Color Label Bavaria.

After the end of World War I, the company was on the threshold of collapse, since, according to the Versailles Agreement, the Germans were forbidden to produce engines for aircraft, namely the engines at the time were the only BMW products. But enterprising Karl Rappa and Gustav Otto find a way out of the situation - the plant is replicated to release at first motorcycle engines, and then the motorcycle themselves. In 1923 The first motorcycle R32 comes from the BMW plant. On the motorcycle of 1923 in Paris, this first BMW motorcycle immediately conquered a reputation as high-speed and reliable carWhat was confirmed by absolute speed records on international motorcycle racing of the 20s-19th.

In the early 20s, two influential businessmen appeared in the history of BMW - Gotier and Shapiro, to which the company has fallen into the abyss of debt and losses. The main reason for the crisis was undeveloped automotive productionAlong with which the company, by the way, was engaged in the release of aircraft engines. And since the latter, unlike cars, brought the main part of the means for existence and development, BMW was in the wrong position. "Medicine" came up with Shapiro, who was on a short leg with the English automotiveman Herbert Ostin and was able to negotiate with him about the beginning mass production "Ostinov" in Eisenach. Moreover, the release of these machines was put on the conveyor than by that time, except for BMW, only "Daimler-Benz" could boast.

The first 100 licensed "oestins", which used incredible success in Britain, came up from the conveyor in Germany with the right steering wheel, which was for the Germans to the novelty. Later the design of the machine was changed according to local requirements, and cars were produced under the name "Dixie". By 1928, more than 15,000 "Dixy" were manufactured (read - "Ostinov"), which played a decisive role in the revival of BMW. For the first time, it became noticeable in 1925, when Shapiro became interested in the possibility of producing cars of his own design and began to negotiate with the famous designer and designer by Wuinibald Kamm. As a result, the agreement was achieved, and another talented person turned out to be involved in the development of now known automotive brand. For several years, Camm has been engaged in the development of new nodes and aggregates for BMW.

In the meantime, a positive for BMW was aware of the approval of the company trademark. In 1928, the company acquires auto plants in Aisenach (Thuringia), and with them and a license for the production of a small car DIXI. On November 16, 1928, Dixie ceased to exist as a trademark - it was replaced by "BMW". DIXI is the first BMW car. During the period of economic difficulties, the small car becomes the most popular car in Europe.

By the beginning of World War II, BMW is one of the most dynamically developing firms in the world, producing equipment with sports orientation. In its assets, several world records: WolfGAng von Grona on the open hydrosapol DORNIER WAL, equipped with a BMW engine, crosses the North Atlantic from East to West, Ernst Henne on the R12 motorcycle, equipped with a cardan drive, hydraulic shock absorbers and a telescopic fork (BMW invention), establishes world Motorcycle speed record - 279.5 km / h, not exceeded by anyone over the next 14 years.

Production receives an additional impetus after concluding a secret agreement with Soviet Russia on the supply of new aircraft engines. Most of the Soviet record flights of the 30s were performed on aircraft equipped with BMW engines.

In 1933, the release of the model "303" - the first car of the BMW 6-cylinder engine, debuting on the Berlin automotive exhibition. His appearance has become a real sensation. This inline "six" with a working volume of 1.2 liters allowed the machine to move at a speed of 90 km / h and became the basis for many subsequent sports projects BMW. Moreover, it was applied to the new model "303", which became the first in the history of the company, on which the radiator grille was installed with a branded design, expressed in the presence of two elongated ovals. "303" The model was designed at the plant in Eisenach and was primarily a tubular frame, an independent front suspension and good characteristics Managers resembling sports. For two years of production of "BMW-303", the company managed to sell 2300 such cars, which, by the way, were later followed by their "counterparts", which differed more powerful motors and others digital notation: "309" and "315". Actually, they became the first samples for the logical development of the BMW Company Model Design System.

Along with all previous cars, I simply looked gorgeously "326", which appeared at the Berlin Automotive Exhibition in 1936. This four-door car was far from the world of sports, and its rounded design was already then belonged to the direction that came into force in the 50s. Open top, good quality, chic salon and a large number of new changes and additions set the "326th" model in one row with Mercedes-Benz cars, whose buyers were very secured people.

With a mass of 1125 kg, the BMW-326 model accelerated to 115 km / h and at the same time consumed 12.5 liters of fuel per 100 km of mileage. With similar characteristics and with your external species The car hit the list of the best models of the company and was produced until 1941, when the volume of production BMW amounted to almost 16,000 pieces. With such a number of BMW-326 issued and sold cars, it became the best pre-war model.

By logic, after such a loud success of the "326th" model, the following logical step was to be the appearance of a sports model made at its base.

World War II inflicted great damage car manufacturers Germany, and the BMW company did not exception. Plant in Milbertshophene The liberators bombed the premissance, and the enterprise in Eisenach was in the territory controlled by the Russians. Therefore, the equipment from there was partially exported to Russia as repatriations, and what remained was involved for the release of "BMW-321" and "BMW-340" models, which were also sent to the USSR.

In 1955, the release of models R 50 and R 51 begins, opening a new generation of motorcycles with a fully tighted chassis, incoming the "Isetta" strange, a strange symbiosis of a motorcycle with the car. The three-wheeled car with a door opening forward on the move, had a huge success in the refinement of post-war Germany. At the Frankfurt Motor Show in 1955, she became the absolute opposite of models at that time. The tiny "BMW isetta" reminded its appearance bubble with small traditional parchments and side mirrors. The rear inter-track distance was much smaller than the front. The model was equipped with a single-cylinder engine of 0.3 liters. With power 13 hp "Ietta" as much as possible up to 80 km / h.

Along with the baby "wasetta", the BMW company introduced two luxurious coupe "503" and "507", created on the basis of the sedan of the 5th series. Both cars treated at that time to "sufficient sports", although they had a "civilian" appearance. But because of the continued limousines that followed by large limousines and the losses associated with these losses turns out to be on the verge of collapse. This is the only case in the history of BMW, when the economic situation was incorrectly calculated and the cars thrown into the market did not have demand.

The models belonged to the 5th series did not improve the BMW position in the 50s. On the contrary, they began to increase their debts rapidly, sales decreased. To correct this situation, the Bank that assists BMW and who was one of the largest shareholders of Daimler-Benz, proposed to establish the production of small and not very at the factories in Munich. expensive car "Mercedes Benz". Thretening the existence of BMW as an independent company, which produces original cars with its own name and trademark. Against this proposal was actively made by small shareholders of BMW and dealer offices throughout Germany. Common efforts were collected by the Annal amount of money that was required to develop and start the release of the new model "BMW" of the middle class, which should significantly improve the company's position in the 60s.

Rebuilding the capital structure, BMW manage to continue its activities. The third time the company starts all over again. The middle class car was supposed to be a family machine for the "average" (and not only) Germans. As the most suitable option, a small four-door body sedan, a 1.5-liter motor and independent front and rear suspensionswhich at that time were not at that time in all machines.

To launch a car into production by 1961 and at the same time to present it on the Frankfurt motor show it was almost impossible: it's simply lacked time. Therefore, under pressure from the sales department urgently, several prototypes were prepared for the exhibition designed to attract future customers. The rate was made and mostly justified. During the work of the exhibition and in the next few weeks, it was done ... about 20,000 orders for "BMW-1500"!

In the midst of the production of the model "1500", minor engineering firms began to refine the car and increase the power of the engine, which, naturally, could not like the BMW guide. The response was the release of the model "1800" with a 1.8-liter engine. Moreover, the version of "1800 Ti" appeared a little later, which corresponded to the Gran Tourismo class cars and accelerated to 186 km / h. Externally, it was not very different from the basic version, but, nevertheless, became a worthy addition to the already replenished families.

BMW 1800 Ti "Although it was released in an amount of only 200 copies, it was still an extremely popular model. By 1966, on the basis of the car, designers created a worthy follower -" BMW-2000 ", which is perceived today as the 3rd series, released today To date, in several generations. Then the coupe with a 2-liter motor and 100-120 hidden under the hood "horses" was the subject of particular pride of BMW.

In essence, "BMW-2000" in the basic and other versions refers to one of the most successful models in the entire history of the BMW company. Requires a lot of time to count the number of body options that appeared then power aggregates different power and with different maximum speeds. All together they have formed a series that received the designation "02". Its representatives could satisfy the requests of almost all motorists who were offered to choose from the simplest and modest coupe to "tricky" high-speed convertibles with cast discs, automatic boxes and motors of 170 "horses".

The last thirty years has become for BMW with thirty-seater victories. New plants are opened, the world's first serial turbogue "2002-turbo" is produced, anti-lock brake systemwhich now all leading automakers equip their cars. The first is being developed electronic control Engine. Almost all those who brought the automaker, four-cylinder engines were installed so much the popularity of the models of the 60s. However, the BMW leadership still remembered the powerful and reliable units, to revive the release of which intended for 1968 simultaneously with the release of a new model - "BMW-2500". The single-row "six-cylinder" used in it, which was constantly subjected to modernization, was produced over the next 14 years and managed to become the basis for the same reliable and more powerful 2,8-liter motor. Together with the last four-door sedan switched to a number of sports cars, because Only a few serial vehicles in standard equipment could exceed a high-speed mark of 200 km / h.

The building of the concern headquarters is being built in Munich, and the first test test site opens in Ashheim. Research center has been built to design new models. In the 1970s, the first cars of the famous BMW series - models of the 3rd series, 5th series, 6th series, 7th series appear.

In the year of German reunion, the concern, founding the company BMW Rolls-Royce GmbH, returns to its roots fleeing the Niva aircraft industry, and in 1991 presents a new BR-700 aircorder. In the early 1990s, sports compact cars of the third generation of the 3rd series and coupe of the 8th series appear on the market.

A good step for the company was the purchase in 1994 for 2.3 billion. german marks Industrial group Rover Group ("Rover Group"), and with it and the largest complex in the UK complex for the release of cars Rover, Land Rover and Mg. With the purchase of this company, the BMW list has been replenished with the missing supermarital cars and SUVs. In 1998, the British company Rolls Royce was acquired.

Since 1995, a serial configuration of all BMW cars includes an inflatable airbag for front passenger And the anti-theft engine lock system. In March of the same year, a station wagon (Touring) of the 3rd series is launched.

Currently, the BMW, which began with a small aircraft plant, produces its products at five plants in Germany and twenty two subsidiaries scattered around the world. This is one of the few automotive firms that does not use robots at plants. All assembly on the conveyor is only manually. At the exit - only computer diagnostics The main parameters of the car.

Over the past 30 years, only BMW and Toyota concerns manage to work with annually increasing profits. The Empire BMW, three times for his story, rendered on the verge of collapse, rose every time and achieved success. For everyone in the world, BMW concern is a synonym for high standards in the field of automotive comfort, security, equipment and quality.