Independent suspension on longitudinal levers. Dependent and independent suspension, what is the difference and which is better. Buggy on a dependent suspension

We talked about the existing types of suspensions, and stopped in detail on the types of dependent suspension. Today we will tell about the types of independent suspension.

So, the types of independent suspensions are nine, and two of them have several varieties.

The first type of suspension of this type - with swinging semi-axles. Already from the very name it is clear that the main elements of the design of such suspension are the semi-axis. In their inner ends there are hinges, with which the semi-axes are attached to the main transmission with the differential. The outer ends of the semi-axes are firmly articulated with wheels. Elastic elements in such suspensions serve spring or springs. The peculiarity of this design of an independent suspension is that when the wheel on an obstacle, the wheel always retains its perpendicular placement relative to the semi-axis, and the road reaction forces are quenched themselves and their hinges themselves.

In some subspecies such independent suspension, transverse or longitudinal levers are used, which play the role of "extends" of the reaction forces of the road. As a rule, the design of such suspension was used on the rear axle for rear-wheel drive cars. Such suspensions were installed on cars of Ford, Mercedes-Benz and Chevrolet for the middle of the twentieth century. In the USSR, such a suspension was installed on cars ZAZ. The advantages of the pendants with swinging semi-axles include the simplicity of design, low cost of maintenance and repair. The disadvantages are large oscillations of the rut and collapse at the occasion of obstacles. These disadvantages were especially manifested when driving with a speed of over 60 km / h, which negatively influenced the handling of the car.

The second type of independent suspension is on longitudinal levers. This suspension has two subspecies: spring (elastic elements - springs) and torsion (elastic elements - torsion). The feature of the suspension design lies in the location of the wheels on the longitudinal levers, which are movably attached to the body or car frame. Such a type of suspension was installed on the rear bridges of cars of Citroen, Austin, on motor scooters and small trailers.

The advantages of this type of suspension are the simplicity of its design, which, in turn (especially in a torsion subspecies), allowed to make the floor of the car flat, and low cost of manufacture, repair and maintenance. It has more minuses: significant changes in the parameters of the wheelbase when moving, large rolls in turns (due to the low roll center).

The third type of independent suspension is on oblique levers. By its design, it resembles a suspension on longitudinal levers, with the difference that in it the axes of swinging levers are under a slam. It, in turn, is divided into two subspecies: with single-coat semi-axles with diagonal levers (located at an angle of 45 degrees) and two-coarse semi-axes with oblique levers (hinges are located at both ends of the semi-axle). This view of the suspension was mainly installed on the rear axle (on cars such stamps as Ford, Mercedes-Benz, Opel, Porsche, Fiat and ZAZ), with suspension on oblique levers on the front axle, trabant was manufactured. The advantages of such a suspension, compared to the suspension on the longitudinal levers, was to reduce the oscillating of the wheelbase parameters, car rolls in the turn. The disadvantages of this type of suspension include a strong change in the convergence and collapse of the wheels, the high center of the roll (for a subspecies with monosocked semi-axes).

The fourth type of independent suspension is on longitudinal and transverse levers. The design of this suspension uses a guide rack, in which to unload the wing mudguard, a longitudinal lever that takes over the upper support effort is used. This kind of suspension of cumbersome is folded in the structural plan, and therefore unopullen. Such a suspension had cars Rover, Glas. As such advantages of the suspension on the longitudinal and transverse levers are not enough: it is a large distance in the height of inter-supported nodes (reduces the effect of the forces on the mounting suspension to the body) and the variability of the structural movements of the suspension. The disadvantages include the complexity of the design (a large number of parts - hinges, levers), large dimensions, bad kinematics parameters (a significant change in the corner of the collapse at large suspension strokes).

Fifth type of independent suspension - on double longitudinal levers. The peculiarity of its design is that on each side, the axis has two longitudinal levers, which are combined with the transversely torciones playing the role of elastic suspension elements. As a rule, such a suspension was installed on the front axis of the backbone volkswagen brands And the Porsche began - the middle of the twentieth century. Pros of such a suspension: Compactness, the ability to forward the front of the car body (which has a positive effect on the comfort of the driver and the front passenger). Cons: changing the parameters of the wheelbase at the occasion of obstacles, the large mass of the levers (increases the weight of the car).

Sixth view of the suspension - on double transverse levers. It, depending on the elastic elements used, is divided into five subspecies: spring, torsion, spring, hydropneumatic and pneumatic. The community of this design for all subspecies is the presence of transverse levers, which are movably moved with their internal ends with a body or a frame of the machine, and internal - with a swivel (for the front suspension, with ball joints with two degrees of freedom) and non-turn (for rear suspension, with Cylindrical hinges with one degree of freedom) stand. The upper lever in such a suspension is shorter than the lower, they can be located both in parallel to each other and at some angle.

The spring suspension on double transverse levers in its design has twisted springs playing the role of an elastic element.

They are located between the transverse levers, or above the top lever with an emphasis on the wing mudguard. Such suspension designs are cars of Jaguar.

The torsion suspension on double transverse levers as the elastic element has longitudinal torsions that are fastened to the lower levers. In this subspecies of the suspension, they can be attached both longitudinally and transversely. With such a suspension, cars made Packard, Chrysler, Fiat, Simka and Zil.

The spring suspension as a elastic element uses the springs, which are located transversely double levers.

Pendants were installed on cars with one, two, four springs, which were attached in one or two points. Also in the first half of the twentieth century, cars were produced that had four polishes (two on each side of the board), located crosswise. Suspension stems had Tatra, Fiat, Ford, Autobianci, Chevrolet, Lancia, Packard vehicles.

In the hydropneumatic and pneumatic subspecies of the independent suspension on double transverse levers, the role of elastic elements play pneumatic cylinders or hydropneumatic elements, combined into one integer with the hydraulic power system and the hydraulic brake system. Pneumatic suspension Mercedes-Benz, Austin brands were used on double transverse levers, and hydropneumatic suspensions were distributed from Citroen models.

The advantages of independent suspension on double transverse levers are expressed in construction and functional aspects. The design of such suspension is unique in that all its elements can be attached to a special crossbar, which is rigidly mounted in the body or frame. Thus, when repaired, this suspension can be removed completely as a separate unit for repair or replacement. The functional advantage is that choosing a certain geometry of lever placement, you can rigidly set any necessary mounting parameters of the suspension. It promotes high degree manageability by car, because of what the suspension with double transverse levers is often used in sports cars.

The seventh type of independent suspension is "candle". She became the constructive forerunner of MacPherson suspension. In the design of this type of suspension, a rigid frame is applied to which rounded fist. From above, it is supported by a spring or springs. At the end of the obstacle, the swivel fist slides on the frame up and down, providing a subressing. Today, only Morgan's sports cars have this suspension, this species has had the widest possible way at the beginning of the twentieth century. The pluses of this suspension include the simplicity and compactness of the design, low weight, high reliability. By minuses - large longitudinal oscillations.

The eighth type of independent suspension -. At its design, depreciation racks are used, and the elastic element is the twisted spring.

It is installed mainly on the front axle. In more detail, the design, pros and cons of this suspension, we consider in a separate material. MacPherson pendant is installed on most modern passenger carsmobile.

The ninth type of independent (semi-dependent) suspension is a torsion-lever, combining two longitudinal leverage in its design and torsion curly beam. This suspension type was used on the rear axle of front-wheel drive cars. Developed a torsion-lever suspension in company Audi., on the models of which it was installed in the 1970-90s.

Today, such suspension occasionally use Chinese companies on budget models. The benefits of such suspension include their durability and reliability, relative simplicity of design. By cons - stiffness, which affects the comfort of passengers of the rear row of the car, the predisposition to rolls in turn (due to the low location of the center of the roll).

Suspension Scheme on Double Levers

The suspension on double levers is a classic independent suspension consisting of two levers located above each other, the used sides of which are attached to the body, and opposite ends with hinges to the upper and lower parts of the rotary pin.

Double lever suspension

So the hub front wheel It can rotate around two hinges when turning. Structurally, only one of the levers can have a willy shape, the other may be single.
If the levers of such suspension will have the same length, then when the wheels are vertical movements, it will not change it. However, when the brunt of the body on the rotation is an external, more loaded, the wheel will be tilted at an angle equal to the corner of the roll, and this may lead to a violation of stability. Therefore, usually the top lever makes shorter than the bottom. With such a suspension design vertical move The wheels change the corner of the collapse, but there is no stability when turning, because a more loaded wheel is located vertically to the road surface and has a better grip with an expensive.

Car brake with suspension on double levers. The slope of the suspension levers makes it possible to avoid "cables" of the body when braking

Pendants on double levers modern cars They have not only different lengths of the levers, but also the slope of the levers in the horizontal plane.
The suspension with such a geometry makes it possible to avoid the "cable" of the body when braking and intense acceleration. Usually, for this purpose, the axes are tilted with which the suspension is carried out to the body and relative to which the levers are rotated.

The front suspension of the Jaguar S-TYPE car has double transverse levers and a very long swivel trumper arm. This design provides a large space for the placement of aggregates under the hood of the car.

It should be attributed to the disadvantages of this type of suspension, it takes quite a lot of space in the width of the car, and this creates certain difficulties in the placement of the transversely located force aggregate. Now, many designers are used in such pendants of rotary pins with a large top lever (more than the radius of the wheel), which allows you to increase the space for the placement of the engine and the gearbox.
Recently, more and more often instead of the split lower levers, levers are used, L-shaped. A longer part of such a lever is attached to the body through elastic sleeves, possessing a good damping ability, which makes it possible to effectively extinguish vibrations transmitted to the body, and at the same time there is no significant change in the position of the wheel. Springs, torsions, pneumatic and hydropneumatic devices can be used as the elastic elements of pendants on double levers.

The car suspension is a totality of elements that provide an elastic connection between the body (frame) and wheels (bridges) of the car. Mainly the suspension is intended to reduce the intensity of vibration and dynamic loads (blows, jolts), operating per person, transported goods or elements of the car design when it is moved along an uneven road. At the same time, it should ensure constant contact of the wheel with a road surface and effectively transfer the leading force and braking force without deviating the wheels from the corresponding position. Proper suspension operation makes car control comfortable and safe. Despite the seeming simplicity, the suspension is one of the most important systems of the modern car and the history of its existence has undergone significant changes and improvements.

History of appearance

Attempts to make movement vehicle Softer and more comfortable were made in Karet. Initially, the axes of the wheels were hard to fastened to the housing, and each road irregularity was transferred to the passengers sitting inside. Only soft pillows on the seats could increase the level of comfort.

Dependent suspension with transverse resort location

In the first way, to create an elastic "layer" between the wheels and the body of the carriage was the use of elliptic springs. Later, this decision was also borrowed for the car. However, the spring has already become semi-elliptical and could be installed transversely. The car with such a suspension was poorly controlled even at low speed. Therefore, soon the springs began to install longitudinally for each wheel.

The development of the automotive industry led the evolution of the suspension. Currently there are dozens of their varieties.

The main functions and characteristics of the car suspension

Each suspension has its own characteristics and performance that directly affect manageability, comfort and safety of passengers. However, any suspension regardless of its type should perform the following functions:

1. Absorption of blows and shocks on the road To reduce loads on the body and improving the comfort of movement.
2. Stabilization of the car while driving By providing constant contact of the wheel tire with road surface and limiting excessive body rolls.
3. Saving a given geometry of movement and wheel position To preserve the accuracy of the steering during movement and braking.

Hard suspension The car is suitable for a dynamic driving at which an instantaneous and accurate response to the driver's actions is required. It provides a small ground clearance, maximum stability, rinse resistance and body swinging. It is used mainly on sports cars.

In most passenger cars, a soft suspension is used. It smoothes irregularly as possible, but makes the car somewhat roll and worse managed. If adjustable rigidity is required, a screw suspension is mounted on the car. It is a rack shock absorbers with a variable spring tension force.

The movement of the suspension is the distance from the extreme upper position of the wheel when compressing to the extreme bottom when hanging the wheels. The suspension stroke is largely determined by the "off-road" vehicles of the car. The more its value, the greater the obstacle can be overcome without hitting the limiter or without saving leading wheels.

Suspension device

Any car suspension consists of the following main elements:

1. Elastic device - Perceives loads from the irregularities of the road surface. Views: springs, springs, pneumatic elements, etc.
2. Demmp- Has the body fluctuations when driving through irregularities. Views: all types.
3. Guide device— Provides a specified movement of the wheel relative to the body. Views:levers, transverse and jet thrust, springs. To change the direction of impact on the damping element in the sports suspensions of Pull-Rod and Push-Rod, rockers are used.
4. Stabilizer transverse stability - Reduces the transverse body roll.
5. Rubber metal hinges- provide an elastic connection of the suspension elements with the body. Partially amortized, soften the blows and vibrations. Views: Silent blocks and sleeves.
6. Stroke suspension limiters - limit the move the suspension in extreme positions.

Suspension classification

Mostly pendants are divided into two large types: and independent. This classification is determined kinematic scheme The guide device suspension.

Dependent suspension

Wheels are rigidly connected via beam or continuous bridge. The vertical position of the pair of wheels relative to the total axis does not change, the front wheels are rotary. The rear suspension device is similar. It happens spring, spring or pneumatic. In the case of the installation of springs or pneumobalon, it is necessary to use special traction to fix bridges from moving.

• easy and reliable in operation;
• high load capacity.

• bad handling;
• bad stability at high speeds;
• little comfortable.

Independent suspension

Wheels can change the vertical position relative to each other, while remaining in the same plane.

• good handling;
• good car stability;
• large comfortable.

• more expensive and complex design;
• less reliability during operation.

Semi-dependent suspension or torsion beam - This is an intermediate solution between the dependent and independent suspension. The wheels still remain associated, but there is the possibility of their small movement relative to each other. This property is ensured due to the elastic properties of the P-shaped beam connecting the wheels. Such a suspension is mainly used as the rear suspension of budget vehicles.

Types of independent suspension

MacPherson

- The most common suspension of the front axle of modern cars. The bottom lever is connected to the hub by means of a ball support. Depending on its configuration, a longitudinal reactive traction can be used. A shock absorption rack with a spring is fastened to the hub node, its upper support is fixed on the body.

The transverse thrust, fixed on the body and connecting both levers, is a stabilizer, counteracts the car roll. The lower balloons and the bearing cup of the rack-shock absorber make it possible for rotation of the wheel.

The details of the rear suspension are made by the same principle, the difference lies only in the absence of the possibility of rotation of the wheels. The lower lever is replaced with longitudinal and transverse thrust fixing the hub.

• simplicity of design;
• compactness;
• reliability;
• inexpensive in production and repair.

• average handling.

Double front suspension

A more efficient and complex design. The upper point of fastening the hub is the second transverse lever. Spring or spring can be used as an elastic element. The rear suspension has a similar structure. Similar suspension scheme provides better car handling.

Air suspension

The role of the springs in this suspension is performed by pneumatic bullons with compressed air. When it is possible to adjust the height of the body. It also improves the smoothness of the course. Used on luxury cars.

Hydraulic suspension

Shock absorbers are connected to a single closed contour with hydraulic fluid. makes it possible to adjust stiffness and height road Suit. If there is a control electron in the car, as well as the functions, it is independently adjusted to the conditions of the road and driving.

Sports independent suspension

Print suspension, or coilovers - depreciation racks with the ability to adjust stiffness directly by car. Due to the threaded connection of the lower stop, the spring can be adjusted its height, as well as the magnitude of the road lumen.

Push-Rod and Pull-Rod suspension

These devices were designed for racing cars with open wheels. Based on a double-way diagram. The main feature is that the damping elements are located inside the body. The design of the type of suspension types is very similar, the difference is only in the location of the elements perceive load.

Sports suspension Push-Rod: Perceiving load element - pusher, works on compression.

The article describes the dependent car suspension, the principle of its work, the main differences, advantages and disadvantages. Also, buggy, the cost of parts for repair and comparison with other suspension types. At the end of the article Video Review The principle of operation of the dependent suspension.

Usually the dependent suspension put on the car in cases where the simple design is needed. For budget cars, this is inexpensive service, but for freight - reliability and durability. Often this type of dependent mechanism can be found on SUVs, where a permanent, immutable clearance is needed and a large suspension.

History of the appearance of dependent suspension

Further development of the dependent suspension did not stop, despite the rigidity and not the best handling. As an example, it was installed on GAZ-67, GAZ-21 or GAZ-24. The list of cars is minimal, as essentially it is a reliable and inexpensive suspension service, which means that the cost of a passenger car will be small. Today the suspension is widely used in cars (SUVs) with increased patency, as well as in cargo carswhich requires reliability.

Types and types of car dependent suspension

Nowadays, the dependent suspension on transverse springs to meet almost impossible. The chassis mechanism consists of a bridge (rigid continuous beam), which is attached to the body due to transverse (transverse) springs. As already said, for the first time such a suspension was established on cars Ford. T and Ford Model A.

It is worth noting that this type of dependent suspension was established up to 1948. The most significant disadvantage of this system with transverse springs is fuel in the longitudinal direction. During the movement, the suspension was unpredictably changed the angle of the bridge, which as a result affected the bad handhability of the car (at high speed). As a rule, such a mechanism was installed not anterior suspension, even by the standards of the 40s of the last century, such flaws could not provide a car reliability and security.

Suspension Suspension Key Element, which consists of metal sheets bonded with each other. To give the mechanism of mobility, springs and bridge are connected using special clamps and sleeves. In contrast to the previous version, the longitudinal springs perform the role of guides, which sets the correct movement of the wheels relative to the body. It is such a location and fasteners played a positive role in driving a car, due to which the suspension lived to this day and successfully applied on different cars.

Note: Panar traction is the main element of the automotive suspension, as well as a reactive rod, which prevents the axis displacement depending on the wheels in the transverse direction. The main task is to minimize the movement of the bridge in the transverse direction at the time of rotation or rebuilding of the car.

To achieve stability, the upper levers are located under a slight bias relative to the longitudinal axis of the car. Thus, in the event of a movement along the axis curve, the rear axle begins to twist in the direction of rotation, which gives the car additional stability. Skillful motorists replace the top levers with one triangular, due to which the car is more stable when moving along the primer or bad road. The main difference is that in this form of the dependent suspension there is a shock absorber and spring. Therefore, it is not surprising that this type is often used in modern cars.

As for the breath of the rear suspension, the engineers also used it in order to improve security, reduce body rins at the time of braking or acceleration. The combination of suspension using the drawby most often can be found on buses or trucks, which are based on pneumatic bullons.

Dependent suspension "De Dion"

Despite the design, guiding and elastic elements of such a dependent suspension can be of any type (longitudinal or transverse springs, longitudinal levers to a pair with springs, pneumatic bullons and in a different quantity). Thanks to such a design to the leading wheels, engineers managed to minimize unsavory masses. As an example, such a kind of suspension can be found on vOLVO cars 340, DAF 66. The final version of the suspension deion can be found on Smart cars.

Due to such a design, irregularities on the road are felt with minimal effort, and in addition to all the softening gives the swinging balancing. Actually, it also allows you to distribute the load and improve the smoothness of the machine. Usually, this type of dependent suspension can be found on trucks, the rear of which received two axes.

In addition to the listed suspension types, some experts also identify the dependent WATTA and Scott-Russell mechanism based on levers. Because of its complexity and devices, these suspension options practically did not find mass use, although they are considered classical options.

Device of the dependent car suspension

Springs - If we consider in detail, this is a set of metal plates (sheets) made in elliptical form and different lengths. Due to the tightest details, all springs are interconnected. Further, with the help of stems, the springs are attached to the axis of the suspension. In all characteristics, these parts perform the role of guides and elastic elements, as well as partially replaced the shock absorbers, due to friction between sheets. The main part that is responsible for the suspension stiffness is the number of springs, respectively, from here and the name of multi-lidly or small springs.

Brackets The dependent suspension is the main details by which the springs set is attached to the car body. As a rule, one bracket is fixed fixed, and the second can move longitudinally by springs.

Bridge (car beam). The main part of the entire dependent suspension, which is a metal, rigid axis, with which the left and right wheel are connected.

Now consider which items are included in the set. spring dependent car suspension. As in the previous case, the basis is a metal beam. Further, the list includes springs, shock absorbers, as well as jet rods. According to available information, the most common dependent suspension consists of 5 levers (4 longitudinal and 1 transverse lever). By the type of fasteners, one piece to the frame of the car, the other part to the beam.

Car dependent suspension scheme

The photo shows a diagram of the dependent car suspension on the springs

1. Spring sheet;
2. Clamp for fastener stem;
3. Hard suspension beam;
4. Shock absorber;
5. Stepladder (fastener plate);
6. Spring support;
7. Hub;
8. Earring for support springs.

The photo shows the diagram of the dependent suspension on the shock absorbers

1. Spring suspension;
2. Longitudinal lever (top);
3. Longitudinal lever (lower);
4. Rigid car suspension beam;
5. Shock absorber;
6. Hub;
7. Transverse suspension stability stabilizer;
8. Panar traction.

The photo shows the diagram of the dependent suspension de Dion

1. Shock absorber suspension;
2. Spring;
3. Transmission shaft;
4. Brake disk;
5. Differential (rigidly attached to the frame);
6. Lever (rear);
7. Coupling (stitching);
8. Lever (transverse);
9. Non-crossing beam;
10. Lever (top).

Principle of operation of the dependent car suspension

See the video principle of the dependent suspension

Immediately I want to note that the comfort of such a system is not the best, so we should not expect luxury, like the premium car is not worth it. The device of the addicted suspension completely justifies shaking and shock in the cabin of the machine. If we consider the mechanism as a whole, then this is a single, rigid axis connecting the wheels of the machine in front or rear.

In work this type The suspension is one pattern. If the wheel of one axis falls into a hole or leans relative to the car body, then the opposite wheel is moving on the other side in the opposite position (one wheel drops down, the other rises up), or vice versa.

The design of such a suspension is simple, but, nevertheless, the most reliable of existing, as it can carry heavy loads. The minus is that if one side of the machine runs on unevenness, then the entire body bends. As already spoke, no speech about comfort in the cabin can not, unless, if shock absorbers and springs used in the suspension to mitigate the bodies and oscillations of the body.

Main differences in dependent and independent suspension

The main similarity between the dependent and independent suspension is considered the presence of elastic elements guides, as well as shock absorbers. Although in the dependent suspension, all this can be replaced with the help of springs. Yet differences than similarities, even starting from the same name.

• In contrast, the dependent car suspension rigidly connects two wheels one axis, in turn they depend on each other. In an independent suspension (for example), the wheels of one axis do not depend on each other and act independently, and the impact on one wheel will not be reflected in the second;
• An independent suspension is more sensitive to the installation of wheels of a single size from the laid, as much depends on the kinematics of the mechanism. There are no such conditions on the dependent suspension, so the owners of such cars from time to time use such an opportunity;
• The dependent suspension is cumbersome in size, as well as severe than significantly losing an independent suspension. As a rule, the dependent suspension is installed on the rear axle of the car and rear-wheel drive models. On cars S. fully drive The dependent suspension can be on the front and rear axle;
• Due to the fact that the wheels of the dependent suspension depend on each other, the controllability of the suspension decreases, respectively, the range of work itself is less than in an independent;
• By comfort, the dependent suspension is much more rigid than independent. Accordingly, comfort is also an order of magnitude below the independent option;
• Cheap service dependent suspension, simple design, stability and strength.

Maintenance of dependent suspension

Often, the dependent suspension is chosen for those cars that must withstand heavy loads, frequent driving off-road, as well as relatively inexpensive service. As practice shows, most often this choice between comfort and reliability, because of which the dependent suspension wins with its characteristics.

No less important element - bridge suspensionIt is also worth checking on the correctness of work, the absence of backlash and foreign sounds. The appearance of a third-party sound can talk about the presence of a malfunction and as a result inevitable repair Total bridge. The main malfunctions include wear of shock absorbers, springs, ball joints, strut, substantial bending beam, rubber hollow wear. From time to time, it is worth checking the dependent suspension for the presence of drowshes, inspection of the shrurs (grenade), checking the integrity of sienel blocks. Most of the whole, the dependent suspension is afraid of the backlash, it often contributes to additional vibration, which can lead to the bending of parts, the appearance of cracks or at all the complete failure of individual elements or axis as a whole.

Buggy on a dependent suspension

A lot in the definition of the breakdown of the suspension depends on the experience and host, to a greater extent it is the owner first to see the malfunction and the wrong operation of the entire mechanism. At least once in his life, every driver saw that reacts to each irregularity or pothole on the road surface. This is the first sign of breaking one of the parts of the suspension. Often it is a crack, a breakdown of a hardware or a bad shock absorbers. Preceding tangible features may be an unpleasant noise or a small knock.

Another frequent reason for the breakdown of the dependent suspension is the departure of the straight movement along the horizontal plane (we take into account that the tire pressure is uniform). The main reason may be the unequal sediment of the springs, the springs or the drawdown of one of the parts responsible for the screed of the spring, or the hard fasteners of the longitudinal levers. Today it is considered to be frequent breakdown dependent base, and if you take into account the condition of the roads, it is almost impossible to predict it. Dependence is uniform, the greater the load and longer service life without maintenance, the faster one of the details of such suspension fails.

Despite the most diverse and unpredictable breakdowns of the dependent suspension, most of The details are relatively not expensive, and the repair itself is quite simple and can be done independently in the garage.

Conclusion about the dependent car suspension

Considering the dependent and independent car suspension, the differences are noticeable to the naked eye. If you wish to get comfort and do not plan to leave the off-road, then it is still better to stop the choice on an independent mechanism. But, if, first of all, reliability, stability and maximum resource are important for you, while comfortable comfort is worth paying attention to the dependent suspension option. It is also not necessary to forget that in addition to the large resource of the mechanisms of the dependent suspension, it will cost much cheaper, rather than other options are independent.

Video review Principle of operation of the dependent car suspension:

It is an important car complex, once again talk no need. After all, it is the suspension that performs the task of connecting the body (frame) of the car and expensive.

The main elements of the suspension

The main features of the suspension are:

• Connection of wheels with body or frame;
• Ensures the necessary smoothness of the stroke and the necessary nature of the movement of the wheels relative to the carrier part of the car;
• Transfers the strength and moments that occur when the interaction of the wheels with the road, on the dispensing part of the car.

Suspension elements:

• Guides - precisely those that set the nature of the movement of the wheels;
• Elastic - perceive and guide vertical reaction forces arising from the wheel by road on the irregularities of the road;
• Depreciation () - employees for quenching oscillations of the carrier part of the car arising from the impact of the road.

Classification of car suspension

In fact, the suspension is classified into two types: and dependent. Each of the types depending on the functionality, is already divided into various types of suspensions.

Dependent suspension - The design in which both wheels of the axis are rigidly related. Moving one of them affects another.

Independent suspension - The design in which the wheels of one axis are not connected with each other, or affect only in a small extent. When working independent suspension, the installation parameters of the wheel6 collapse, the base, the rut can vary when the suspension is running.

The car suspension today is a rather complicated design that combines elements of hydraulics, mechanics, pneumatics and electronics at the same time. Availability electronic systems The suspension control allows you to achieve a qualitative combination of suspension parameters, comfort and manageability by car.

Main types of suspensions in passenger cars

Semi-dependent rear suspension. It is the back, since this type of suspension applies only from behind. It looks constructively as follows: two longitudinal levers are connected in the middle of the cross. This type of suspension is applied only on a native bridge. As a positive characteristic of suspension of this type: light weight, compactness and ease of installation.

Independent car suspension. The main, traditional types of independent suspension mass productionwhich are installed on modern front-wheel drive cars, are suspension: McPherson (MacPherson), double and multi-dimensional suspension.

Each of these types of suspension has its drawbacks, advantages and features. The most effective is a multi-dimensional independent suspension, but it is expensive in production and is used on representatives of the representative class.

We summarize. By and large, the mass consumer is absolutely no difference, what the number of levers in the front or rear suspension. In general, the car must fulfill its task: to be a comfortable, convenient and safe means of movement.

What, in fact, and the engineering departments of automotive companies are achieved - constantly improving the existing types of suspensions, improving their operational parameters and consumer qualities.

As for choosing the type of suspension, or rather the car model with one type of suspension, then the choice is yours. After all, you can know what purpose your car is intended for, and what is your driving style. Here, based on these factors, and choose the type of suspension of your future car.

Good luck to you in the operation of the suspension of any type.