Which oil is better to choose for the engine. What engine oil is best pouring into the car engine how to choose the desired engine oil

This question is given, perhaps every car owner in the world. In fact, this problem is solved simply: it is enough to open a car operating manual.

However, special literature does not always contain the answer to the question: what oil is better to pour into the engine.

Most autoconcers produce engines, for the normal operation of which you can use any type of oil - synthetic, mineral or semi-synthetic.

Synthetic, semi-synthetic or mineral?

It is possible to determine which machine oil to pour into the engine, it is possible by calculating the costs that will come to its periodic replacement.

Any, even the best lubricant, is estimated at two main criteria:

1. Cost for the end user;
2. Operational characteristics.

Depending on the method and technology of production motor oil Its operational characteristics are changed. It is worth noting that the production technology of synthetic and mineral species is practically no different.

The basis of any oil is the base component, which is mixed with certain additives that gives the finished medium. Those or other operational characteristics:

• antioxidative;
• anti-corrosion;
• anti-wear;
• washing and others.

In order to reduce the temperature of soloing mineral oil in the production process used limited quantity Depressor additives, the use of which allows you to get a motor mineral agent of class 10w- and below.

Such additives allow you to withstand the standard parameters of this indicator for mineral oils Within 10W-30, 15W-40 and 10W-40. The use of synthetic additives in the base basis makes it possible to obtain lubricants with a viscosity of 0W-, 5W-, thanks to which the engine starts at low temperatures and the instant grease occurs from the first moments of work.

However, the most important advantage of the synthetic basis compared to mineral is its high thermoocusing stability. Simply put, during the operation of the engine, the synthetics will deteriorate significantly less than its mineral analog.

However, in the case of the mineral type, this problem is solved by adding some antioxidant additives. But there is one minus here: adding such additives sharply increases the amount of nagar and varnish sediments, which are settled on the details and nodes of the engine during its operation. Long-term use of such a means can lead to replacement piston rings.

What motor oil is better to use in winter

Low air temperatures in the winter time of the year significantly complicate the start of the car engine. To simplify the startup process and save nervous cells of the driver, you need to know which oil to fill in the engine in the winter.

Choosing which oil pour into the engine in the winter, first of all it is worth looking into the technical documentation of the car.

As a rule, in such papers it is indicated which motor fluid (Brand, characteristics) need to pour in the car in the winter.

If you want to draw information from such documentation, it is impossible good lubricating fluid on certain tolerances and parameters. In case it is impossible ( specified characteristics outdated), will have to rely only on the market automotive chemistry and driver knowledge.

Which oil pour into the engine is a purely personal decision of each car owner, and enthusiastic feedback from friends and words of sellers in this matter are not helpers: that fabulous material that came to another car, for your may be poison.

It is worth determining what kind of engine oil was previously floodied into the engine. The quality of lubricant is determined by its characteristics and impact on the motor.

If the car was acquired from the hands, then the former owner finds all the necessary information. In the absence of information, there will have to do the engine washing - the cost procedure that, however, guarantees an increase in the life of the car.

Choosing engine oil by viscosity

Choosing which oil is pouring into the engine, it is worth paying attention to the viscosity of lubricants, which is one of the main indicators of such liquids.

During the engine operation, its nodes and aggregates are drunk at high speed each other. Between contacting elements in obligatory There must be an oil film: it reduces the strength of friction, heating and wear of parts and ensures the tightness of the compound while driving.

Incorrectly selected machinery can adversely affect the operation of the engine: for example, a lubricant with a high viscosity in the winter season will be the cause of additional friction and resistance, which reduces the return of the engine. The reduced viscosity will lead to the rapid wear of the engine parts.

The optimal option will be automotive oilwhich in the winter season will provide an easy start of the engine, and at high temperatures of the working environment, create a necessary protective film.

Types of engine oil for chemical composition

For a long time, only mineral oil was flooded in the car engines. Accordingly, the question of which oil is inserted into the engine, was not so relevant.

The lubricant Created on the basis of natural raw materials, that is, oil. However, he has one minus - it is not suitable for use in the cold season, especially at temperatures below -10 ° Celsius - freezes in the engine.

A synthetic, created by the synthesis of molecules, has been replaced by mineral engine oil, which provides the same indicators regardless of the operating temperature.

There is another type of machine lubricant - a semi-synthetic, which is a cross between synthetic and mineral analogs and is a natural basis to which artificial additives are added.

Each type of engine oil has its own flaws and advantages. For example, mineral - can not be used at low temperatures, however it contributes to the cleansing of the engine from precipitate and Gary, which are displayed along with the spent lubricant during replacement.

The semi-synthetic is more resistant to temperatures, but for harsh winters it does not fit: the threshold of low temperatures of such lubricant is too high.

Synthetic engine oil is considered the most popular due to its low-temperature resistance, maintaining operational characteristics, regardless of engine temperature.

However, when using high-quality synthetics there is one nuance: if a poor agent has been flooded in the motor, then a sharp transition to a high-quality lubricant can cause the discharge of the entire precipitate and a car that has accumulated in the engine, which will damage the filter and oil channels and the subsequent expensive repair of the car.

Determine which oil is pouring into the engine, it is necessary before replacing lubricants. Optimal option - Rinse the entire system with cleansing liquid and only then pour a new one. In the future, it is recommended to change it strictly by the graphics installed by the manufacturer.

Types of motor oil by SAE

Used worldwide classification of engine oil in terms of viscosity was created by the American community of automotive engineers:

• Winter

A few years earlier, many car owners on the question of which oil is best to pour for the winter, answered - winter. According to the classification of SAE, its designation was the letter W. On the package of such a lubricant, SAE 5W, 10W, 15W, etc., was usually indicated on the packaging of such a lubricant material.

Located in front of the letter W, the figure reported what minimal temperature can withstand motor oil without harming the engine. In the winter season, such a means did not become viscous, but with an increase in the temperature of the working medium quickly became liquid.

• Summer

This type of engine oil according to SAE classification is indicated only by the number. Actually, the digit means the highest temperature at which the use of lubricant is possible.

• All-season

Over the past few years, all-season engine oil has been very widely spread, shifting winter and summer analogs from the markets. It has certain advantages: it does not need to be changed before each season, it is easier in circulation.

The designation of this type of lubricant material is the letter W and two digits located on the sides. The first means winter indicators, the second - summer. Of course, and all-season oil There are temperature thresholds, but it is much easier to choose the appropriate option.

API motor lubrication types

Choosing motor oil for the winter, rest on the classification of lubricants created by the American Institute of Fuel. This system takes into account the quality of the engine oil.

IN aPI classification There are two main designations: S says what means is suitable for gasoline engines, C - What oil pour into a diesel engine. Often, you can often encounter a double designation specified on the packaging that allows the use of oil in both types of cars.

Normal oil pressure in the car engine

One of the most common questions, along with the choice of engine oil, is to determine its pressure in the engine.

As a rule, on many modern models There are no special devices with a pressure output on pressure on dashboard - It is only an emergency alert signal in the form of a light bulb.

It is almost impossible to trace the pressure changes without directly inspection of the engine.

The choice of high-quality lubricant is not the whole process of preparing the car to the new season. It is important to know what oil pressure should be in the engine, in order to provide its uninterrupted work. This indicator largely depends on the engine itself: quantity horse power, cylinders and valves used by the type of fuel.

For idle speed, the average rate is about 2 bar, for high - from 4.5 to 6.5 bar. However, such information is written in each manual and technical documentation To the car.

Where to replace

If a car with a diesel engine, the engine oil should be the highest quality. It is desirable to fill it at proven service stations that have quality guarantee.

Replacement time

It is impossible to name the specific deadlines for each car - for each car, this indicator is purely individual. Given the standard operating conditions, the lubricant in the power unit is desirable to change every 7-10 thousand kilometers.

If the car is operated in heavy conditionsThe interval between shifts of lubricants is desirable to reduce. For vehicles with diesel engines, shift must be carried out every five or six thousand kilometers. In conjunction with the engine oil change, the oil filter is also exposed.

Washing engine when changing lubricants

The change of lubricants may require a complete flushing of the car's oil system.

As a rule, such a purification of the power unit is carried out if the oil changes the first time or is unknown, which means used before; If the lubricant brand changes, its viscosity or the car engine is very polluted.

As for the remaining cases, many experts say what you do not need to do. Japanese professionals, for example, are advised to wash every 40,000 mileage kilometers.

The main disadvantage of washing means is that during their action they settle on the nodes and parts of the car. Since their composition often includes caustic substances, thanks to which all contaminants are corrosive, then with the fill of the new oil they are mixed with it, significantly lowering its operational characteristics. As a result, such a decrease in the quality of lubricant may adversely affect the motor status and lead to its repair - in the worst case.

Everyone who has an iron horse, especially those who purchased a car recently, are interested in how to provide a long and reliable engine operation. One of the key points in this is not too complicated. timely replacement Oil. This is especially important to know those who, or on the contrary, whose new and brilliant machine is going to first. An extensive assortment of oils rather introduces a motorist into a stupor, his eyes run out and thoughts are confused. But in this matter it is important to do right choice, After all, oil provides a long and happy engine life.

Types of motor oils

• big fluidity allows to reduce friction between the details, which ultimately leads to an increase in power and a decrease in fuel consumption;
• low pumping temperature, i.e. The engine will be properly and without overloads to operate at low temperatures;
• high evaporation temperature, i.e. Oil will not be sensitive to heating and overheating;
• chemical stability of oil - its operational characteristics do not change, because oil during the engine operation does not oxidize and is not parafinized;
• large service life.

Classification of motor oils

Oil viscosity is one of its main characteristics. It depends on it in the first place the ease of cold start in the frost. This specification is an international standard and applied everywhere. It defines three kinds of motor oils for viscosity: winter, summer and all-season.

• Winter oil is denoted by the Literary "w" and the number in front of it (from the English. "Winter" - Winter): SAE 0W, 5W, 10W, 15W, 20W, 25W.
• Summer oil is simply indicated by a number: SAE 20, 30, 40, 50, 60.
• All-season, as you already, probably guessed - this is a combination of signs of summer and winter speciesFor example, frequently used SAE 5W30, SAE 10W-40.

Classification of motor oils by operational properties
Generally speaking, there are two systems - American and European. Both determines the areas of use of motor oils, but the second is more strict. Oil belonging to a specific class is installed using tests in engines or stands, motor installations. Washing, anti-wear, anti-corrosion, antioxidant, etc. are estimated. Properties of certified oils.

API classification
API classification (American Petroleum Institute - American Oil Institute) has two categories of oils: "S" (Service) and "C" (Commercial). For gasoline engines, oils category "S" are intended, and for diesel, respectively - categories "C". In the conventions on the label, you will see a two-letter value: the first will be "s" or "C", the second - the letter of the Latin alphabet is used to designate the quality of the engine oil (the farther from the beginning of the alphabet, the better oil). Outside the classes of oils (SA, SB, SC, SD, SF - for gasoline and CA, CB, CC, CD - for diesel) today are extremely rare, and with the labeling "A", "B" are not at all. Oils related to these listed classes have relatively low operational indicators, and produced for engines that were less demanding of oil quality. There is nothing terrible in the fact that instead of the oil class SD or SF, you will fill the oil class above, for example, SG. The classification of the engine oils manufactured today is as follows:

• For gasoline engines: SG (1989), SH (1993), SJ (1996), SL (2001), SM (2004) - in brackets indicated, for engines, from which year of release, this class of oils is recommended.
• For diesel engines: CD (1955), CD-II (1987), CE (1987), CF (1994), CF-2 (1994), CF-4 (1990), CG-4 (1995), CH-4 (1998) , CI-4 (2002). Figures 2 and 4 indicate that the oil is intended for two and four-stroke engines, respectively.

ACEA classification
ACEA classification (Association of European car manufacturers), which appeared in 1996, more fully characterizes the field of use of motor oils and pays more attention to the anti-wear properties of oils. Oils are marked with the letter (and - for gasoline engines, B and E - for diesel) and the number (than it is more, the better the characteristics of the oil). Through Defis, the year of approval or change of the specification is indicated. Specifications are shown below, groups are listed as performance improvements improve:

• Oils for gasoline engines of passenger cars, minibuses, vans: A1-96, A2-96, A3-96, A4-98, A5-2002.
• Oils for diesel engines, minibuses, vans: B1-96; B2-96; B3-96, B4-98, B5-2002.
• Oils for heavy truck engines, road trains: E1-96, E2-96, E3-96, E4-98, E4-99, E5-99.

So what kind of oil to choose?

• engine type, as well as the year of engine creation (do not confuse the release of the car);
• the operating conditions of the car that can be:
• medium (standard moderate loads of the "City-Track" in a temperate climate);
• heavy (carriage of goods, off-road, sports, tropical or northern climate);
• the degree of wear of the engine (or focusing on mileage) can be:
• seating - up to 75 thousand km;
• middle - 100-150 thousand km;
• increased wear more than 150-200 thousand km.
• compatibility of materials used in engine materials with specific oil species.

Conditions and features of operation

Engine wear degree

Replacement, oil tank

Where can one buy

Experts argue that the engine does not spoil the oil. And we clarify - correctly selected.

If you briefly, you can use only engine oils that are recommended by the car manufacturer. This information is contained in the instruction manual. Self important parameters - The viscosity group and the quality class of the oil. Any recommendations of male workers are the character of secondary.

Viscosity and numbers

The viscosity of the oil say the most notable numbers on the canister or the bank is the classification of viscosity by SAE. Two numbers separated by the letter W denote that the all-season oil. It is all-season most often and released.

The first numbers indicate the minimum negative temperature at which the engine can be checked. For example, in oil 0W-40, the lower temperature threshold is -35 ° C, and in 15W-40 it is -20ºС. The number after hyphen speaks about the admissible range of changes in oil viscosity at 100 ° C. So, for "thirty", the viscosity may vary in the range from 9.3 to 12.5 CST (Sortistoks - a unit of viscosity measurement), for "Socketon" - from 12.5 to 16.3 cst. If the manufacturer allows for a plug of parameters (for example, 5W-30 or 5W-40), then for new cars it is better to take 5W-30: we will win a little at the fuel consumption. And for the elderly - 5W-40. Why is that? New engines have no wear, all the gaps are minimal, so the bearings normally work with less viscosity. But for high wear, carrying ability compensates for the growth of viscosity.

Quality and letters

Often, domestic oils of famous brands look at the level of foreign brands - after all, with their production, modern base oils and additive packages are used. Unfortunately, the most common stamps are more often formed. Not too promoted, but obviously quality brands In this regard, reliable.

Each car owner wishes to maximize the life of the engine of his car. The decisive factor in achieving this is the high-quality lubricant of all rubbing parts. This is just the factor that is very easy to manage without any help of a hundred and specialists. Enough with knowledge of the case, pick up and use motor oils and the result, as they say, will be obvious. On the other hand, the mistakes, non-accuracy in the use of oils often lead to disastrous consequences (jamming, bully, intense wear, staining piston rings and diesel engines, clogging of oil channels weak-soluble sediments, intense nagar, accelerated destruction of rubber parts, etc.) .

Especially relevant, the issue of motor oils began in connection with the expansion of the fleet of cars at the expense of foreign cars. The problem is complicated by the fact that there are almost all European and Japanese firms in this car fleet; Age of cars ranges from completely new to 25-year-old; owners have no instructions for use; It often turns out that abroad no longer produced oils of the required brands, extremely high maintenance prices of foreign cars per service station, etc.

At the same time, a lot of engine oil brands appeared on sale, including very expensive. How to find a balanced solution for choosing an oil for your car? For people who want this question to solve with the knowledge of the case, we advise you to read the entire text; Car owners relating to the case formally will find quite specific recommendations in relation to their own
car.

Characteristics of engine oil

According to some reports, the lubricants were first needed for a person about 6 thousand years ago. Many scientists believe that in those days people invented the wheel, and then more or less complex mechanisms for various economic and military needs. Naturally, the mechanisms required lubrication. Despite the fact that oil was known to humanity for a long time, it was used for a long time in its pure form. When the oil has learned to process, it was mostly kerosene from it, and the most valuable, as it turned out, the residue - the fuel oil, which is 70-90% of its mass, was used only as fuel or simply burned.

Further development of oil refining technology made it possible to divide the fuel oil on the fraction and produce from it various oilswhich were called mineral or petroleum.

Engines modern cars They are distinguished by high mechanical heat loads and therefore there are high requirements for the quality of lubricating oil. This can be achieved by adding special substances to the oils, the so-called additives, each of which improves one or several oil properties at once. For example, anti-wear additives reduce wear of the rubbing parts, detergents - reduce the deposition of "varnish" on the details and do not allow the burning of piston rings, etc. In the oils of the modern range, the number of injected additive reaches ten.

No one surprises the abundance of motor marks and transmission oilsWidely represented in our market. Before purchasing a favorite product, be it addinol, Neste, Shell or Castrol, you must first of all determine the principle of oil selection for the car. All oils have many indicators that are indicated in the technical characteristic, but buyers should only be interested in two of them: the level of quality (whether it is suitable for the car) and viscosity (whether it is suitable for the upcoming season and for this climate). The answer to these questions is contained in the labeling of any commodity variety, the engine oil indexing system accepted worldwide.

According to foreign standards, viscosity is determined and indicated by the method of American SAE automotive engineers. The SAE letters on the label mean that the subsequent numbers characterize the viscosity of the oil. Only viscosity, and nothing more. The letter W (Winter - Winter) is placed in the symbols of winter varieties. The SAE J300 standard provides for six winter viscosity classes - OW, 5W, 10W, 15W, 20W, 25W, guaranteeing the possibility of cold start and sufficient pumpability at temperatures from -30 ° C to 5 ° C, respectively. There are no letters in the designation in the designation, and with an increase in viscosity (at T \u003d 100 ° C), they are distributed by SAE classes in the following order: 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60. For drivers operating the car all year round, use seasonal The varieties of oils are unprofitable due to frequent replacement. Therefore, all-season varieties are used everywhere, in the marking of the viscosity of which after the letters SAE first follows the winter figure, and then summer. Between the two symbols usually put a hyphen or fraction sign, and sometimes nothing, for example, SAE 15W-40, SAE 5W / 50, SAE 10W30.

Evaluation of oil quality

The qualifying system developed by the American API Oil Institute has become internationally. The Institute regularly conducts tests of motor oils of all firms, according to their results, the quality index is assigned in accordance with the requirements for car designers.

The letters API on the label is preceded by quality class symbols. There are two of them: S - use in gasoline engines; Scale C - use in diesel engines. The high-quality levels are denoted by Latin letters. The API system has eight classes for gasoline engines (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H) and six classes - for diesel engines (A, B, C, D, E, F4).

Classification of the quality of motor oils by API

For gasoline engines SA-SD - canceled, SE is not available - for structures until 1979 SF - for 1980- 1988 structures. SG - for designs 1989-1994. Sh (from 07.93) - the highest class of quality for the latest gasoline engines

For diesel engines of SASS - canceled, CS is not released (since 1955) - is currently recommended for CE car engines (since 1984) - cover the entire CF4 load (since 1991) - cover the entire load spectrum

The Committee of Car Designors of the General Markets of the SSMS controls the quality of the oil and has its own indexation. This organization is transformed into ASA, and the new Specification of ASE has already been prepared, but the specification of the SSMS is still valid. SSMS G4 and SSMS G5 correspond to the SFNSG / SH API levels for gasoline engines; SSMS D4 and SSMS D5 correspond to the levels of the API CD and CE / CF4 for diesel. The PD2 SSMS index permits the use of these oils in diesel engines of passenger cars. Since April 1989, classes G1 and D1 do not work, and from January 1, 1990 - classes G2, G3, D2, D3, PD1.

The MIL-L index indicates that; That oil can be used in the American army.

Some varieties of oils receive an appropriate JLSAC certificate (International Committee for Lubricant Standardization) and EU Stamp (Energy Saving). Such oils reduce friction and allow to save up to 2.7% fuel (for EU-II Groups) and up to 1.5% (for oils of the EU-1 group).

Often on the packaging there are certificates of certificates of car manufacturers who assign them after factory tests and recommending to use these oils in the cars produced by them.

SAE Oil Classification

The main property of the engine oil is viscosity and its dependence on temperature in a wide range. We give the standard classification of motor oil by SAE: 10W-40. The first designation "10W" denotes the use temperature, and "40" - viscosity. We will talk about each parameter separately.

On the viscosity of the oil they say say the most notable numbers on the canister - this is a classification of viscosity by SAE. Two numbers, separated by the letter W, designate the All-season oil. The first numbers indicate the minimum negative temperature at which the engine can be checked. For example, in oil 0W-40, the lower temperature threshold is -35 ° C, and in 15W-40 it is -20 ° C. The number after hyphena indicates the permissible range of changes in oil viscosity at 100 ° C.

Synthetic motor oils

Along with conventional mineral oil, a product of direct oil refining, there is a synthetic oil obtained as a result of a synthesis reaction in the interaction of various animal substance molecules or vegetable origin.

Oil cooked on a synthetic basis, as a rule, 20-30% more expensive, but it provides large mileage Until the next oil replacement, and with regular use, the whole life engine. Synthetics is an excellent lubricant, many of its indicators exceed similar oils with oil base: better viscosity, less evaporation, wider operating temperature range, higher oxidation resistance.

Synthetic oil provides easy engine starting into strong frosts and perfectly protects weary parts at high loads, allowing you to save fuel, and the oil operational consumption is reduced. For example, synthetic neste-I oil 5W / 50 has a record wide range of operating temperatures: from -51 to +215 OS. Some viscosity classes are possible only in synthetic products, such as 5W - Addinol Super Light 5W-40 or OW-Castrol Formula SLX OW-30. The last product appeared in 1995, it is fully inherent in the above advantages: an extremely favorable viscosity characteristic with a guaranteed provision of high lubricating properties in any conditions and modes. OW-30 oil very benefits in turnover when o ° C, and with a strong overheating (+150 ° C), it can be compared with a much larger 5W-40 grade oil. It should be noted that synthetic oil and "natural" cannot be mixed during operation, if it is not specifically stipulated on the package.

Leading oil manufacturers have reached this level of technology at which synthetic oil can be mixed with other types of engine oils of this manufacturer.

The use of lower quality oil (for example, group b instead of recommended d) will inevitably lead to a decrease in engine durability. For a number of reasons, no more "high" groups should not be applied than the recommended.

Motor oil for small diesel engines

Among the owners of diesel passenger cars, the erroneous opinion is common that anyone is suitable for their engines. diesel oil. In addition, such a judgment is often supported by sellers of cheap diesel oils for heavy vehicles. Often, the desire to increase the sales volume goes against the recommendations on the use of such oils.

We show the difference between engines of passenger and trucks. The motor of a passenger car should be light and small, for trucks this requirement is not so important. To install a diesel engine in a passenger car, its dimensions should not exceed the size gasoline motor. Small diameter of pistons and cylinders, a small working volume significantly worsen the conditions for mixing and combustion compared to a large diesel engine. To obtain sufficient power at a small motor size, it is necessary to increase the revolutions several times.

For example, to achieve rated power 2 liter engine need 4000-4500 rpm, and for 12 liter - 1900-2100 rpm. As a result, mechanical loads from inertial forces increase on the engine parts and the oil film separating them, and the mixing time is sharply reduced. Therefore, diesel engines are often performed by additional ("vortex") combustion chambers. A significant drawback of such a design is the formation of a large amount of soot. Consequently, the viscosity of the oil in engines with vortex cameras increases much faster. In addition, in separated combustion chambers, the soot particles are much larger. This means that to maintain them in suspension, oil is needed with higher dispersing properties.

In recent years, turbocharging in small diesel engines to increase power on small diesel engines. Air pressure in the intake manifold behind the turbocharger exceeds atmospheric by 1.8-2 times, in the cylinders throughout the cycle it is higher than outside. Therefore, a modern diesel engine compared to a hopeless version of gases is more active in Carter. If this add an increased part of the details piston group And problems with cooling the turbocharger bearing (with a speed of up to 40,000 rpm), it can be said that the conditions of oil work deteriorate sharply, and this leads to its accelerated aging.

Small diesel engines also have high environmental requirements. To meet the standards, use catalysts, recycling exhaust gases. It also tightens conditions for oil action.

The timing of oil replacement on small diesel engines is usually much less than for heavy trucks. If on trucks High-quality Castrol TurboMax oils are allowed to replace in 45,000 km, and synthetic diesel castrol oil Syntruck - 90,000 km, then for small diesel engines is an average of 10,000-15,000 km.

From the above it follows that for a small diesel engine needs special oil.

Buying oil for a passenger car, you need to get acquainted with the marking on the package. Solid car oil manufacturers necessarily indicate all classifications and specifications that answers this product. For example, the Motor oil Castrol GTX5 LIGHTEC has a marking of SAE 10W-40 API SJ / CF, ACEA AZ-96, PT-96, VW 00, VW 00. From this marking it follows that the oil has a class of viscosity 10W-40, quality class According to API - the highest for gasoline SJ (introduced from October 1996) and diesel CF. Additionally, the classification of ASEA (Association of European Car Manufacturers), introduced from January 1, 1996, AZ-96 is the highest class for gasoline, and the highest class for diesel engines. In addition, the oil complies with the latest requirements of Volkswagen VW 505.00 and can be applied in all passenger cars "Mercedes Benz".

Thus, on the engine oil label is indicated:

1. Oil manufacturer.
2. Name of oil.
3. GPYPA Quality according to API classification. For example, SG is top quality oil for gasoline engines; CE - higher oil for diesel engines.
4. SAE marking (viscosity properties). For example: SAE 5W - pure winter oil; SAE 40 - Pure Summer Oil; SAE 15W-40 - All-season oil.
5. Oil base: synthetic, semi-synthetic, mineral base.
6. Room or Oil Party Index.
7. Production date.

For example:

1. BP (British Petroleum)
2. Visco2000.
3. SG / CC.
4. SAE 15W-40
5. Min. (mineral)
6. № 234567/96
7. 31.01.1998

Modern engine oils, unlike pure mineral oils (without additives), significantly darken through a short time in the engine. This darkening is explained by the peculiarities of oil properties, is quite normal and does not serve as an oil contamination signal and the need to replace it.

How gasoline falls into the oil of gasoline penetration paths into the oil of two (main - through the fuel pump). The lower diaphragm protects the top from crankcase gases, and in the case of the upper rupture - does not allow gasoline to get into the crankcase. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically monitor the state of the diaphragm, it is in your interests.

The second path is through the carburetor if it is unreliable (needle) valve of the float chamber in it. In this case, the car can work on "loaded" modes, i.e. when big flow Gasoline. When gasoline consumption decreases (for example, idling), its level in the float chamber begins to increase due to the leakage of the valve, up to the overflow of the carburetor. As a rule, it is accompanied by the inevitable effects of the mixture with the dark smoke of exhaust, increased content of CO, with a decrease in revolutions idle move And even a complete stop of the engine.

So that the drainage gasoline does not accumulate under the carburetor, the drainage tube is used for removal, built into the collector. But when it is clogged (and this happens often) almost all of the surplus of gasoline fall into the engine cylinders (if hot, they almost completely evaporate). But when starting a cold engine (with the defect mentioned above), gasoline over the walls of the cylinders flows into the crankcase where it is mixed with oil. In the future, when the engine is working, the gasoline contained in oil is also evaporated, therefore it is not always possible to notice it. If you try to detect gasoline, draining the oil immediately after a few minutes of driving at high speed, then it will not be practically not, although when you start a cold engine, you clearly feel its smell. Therefore, foreign manufacturers advise at urban exploitation to regularly leave for the high-speed route and perform half-hour trips to remove from oil from the oil when the gasoline engine is frequent.

The high percentage of gasoline content in oil, as a rule, issues flames idling Emergency pressure light in the lubrication system.

Choosing engine oil

When choosing a motor oil for foreign car First of all, you need to be guided by the instructions of the instruction manual depending on the season (winter - summer).

For engines forced with turbocharged, multiclapped, it is necessary to apply the oil of the highest quality groups SG, SH, CD, CE. For foreign cars from 1988 and later, it is not recommended to apply the oil production of the CIS. Various additives, additives most likely can only worsen the quality complex of good imported oil. In addition, there is a risk of solid deposits in the lubricant engine system, clogging filter, etc.

Purchase of motor oil

Purchase preference should be given to well-known firms in specialized stores. A number of less well-known firms produce motor oils under licensees. They are cheaper, but in quality is little inferior to the originals. There are very mediocre quality in well-designed containers with labels, corresponding to high quality groups. This is a fake! Guide regular rules: Buy oils in solid stores: in the markets, have dealing with merchants who have inpatient outlets; Do not hypnotize external species Packaging, in doubtful cases it is better to give up the purchase. Feel free to ask about documents confirming the quality of the oil. This is usually a certificate of conformity or quality. If it is a photocopy of the certificate, then it must have an approving inscription with the original printing of the certification authority responsible for the quality certificate (and not a seller). The certificate must include the partial number of the oil, exactly the corresponding part number on the package.

Owners of AZLK cars, VAZ we also advise not to abandon the possibilities to increase the service life of the engine engine by applying high-quality oils.

Storage of motor oil

Motor oil should be kept in hermetic container, protecting it from the interaction with air and, most importantly, from moisture. Water that fell into the oil even in a minor quantity (several grams per kilogram of oil), leads to destruction and drop-down additives in the form of a precipitate. Oil irreversibly loses quality, it is impossible to restore it.

Almost for the storage of oil, ordinary canisters are suitable for a serviceable gasket under the lid and plastic cans with tightly screwing plugs. Cook with butter is preferably kept in a cool place.

Under these rules, the oil can be stored under 5 years and will not lose quality. The oil that has been kept for a long time, should be mixed thoroughly before use.

What brand car oil is better to choose

The car engine is not only the heart of the car, but also the most expensive node, but, therefore, high-quality lubricant is needed for its long-term operation. Therefore, you should not save on oil and approach his choice with knowledge of the case. Otherwise, you will have to lay out a round sum for repairing the power unit.

All about motor oil

When operating vehicle Before any car owner, the question of which brand is better to pour into the engine. Of course, before the selection in the store you need to study as much information about it as possible: read all sorts of instructions, where specific recommendations are described in detail, listen to the opinions of specialists, as well as the reviews of the car owners. If a used car is purchased without a service book, then official dealers or spare parts vendors will be able to tell useful information about her.

It should take into account the wear of the motor. After all, when using mineral water, if cracks occurred, for example, in the pallet, they were filled with gradually deposits. The bay after this synthetics, you will wash everything, including frozen deposits. As a result, it may reappear. And if you still use a 15-minute washing, then the engine can be ruined at all. Therefore, it is desirable to carry out a separate cleaning of the engine elements or at least manually clean the pallet.

How to be and what brand to pour in the engine better? Consider that it is necessary to consider when choosing a fluid in general for individual cars in particular.

We select the best oil

Choosing better lubricant For its car, motorists start searching from the list of existing liquids by rating.

Then the car, mileage, age and its general condition takes into account. Also, to implement the right choice, you need to know the differences between synthetic and semi-synthetic species (mineral water is used only on old cars, so we will not cover it in detail).

Synthetic oil has completely artificial origin. It is obtained due to refining oil or gas by means of complex molecular synthesis. Such a mixture does not lose its properties under the influence of various factors, even as a result of long-term operation.

Semi-synthetic is obtained by mixing mineral and synthetic species Lubricants. Mineralka is considered a natural product, as it is the result of distillation and purification of oil.

Synthetic is able much better to penetrate inside, and also has a greater fluidity. Thanks to its use, fuel consumption decreases and the power loss is reduced by friction. His useful properties are preserved longer. In this case, the motor is less wearing, and the oil replacement is needed less frequently than at grain bay. At this type of fluid overheating and the decrease in temperature affect less.

With an old car, which has insufficient technicians, suitable oil specialists are selected, given the following components:

• viscosity;
• quality;

Oil for diesel

Picking up a suitable mixture for diesel cars, take into account the specifics of their work, which differs from gasoline units.

For diesel engines it is necessary to constitute the quality of the liquid used to ensure the maximum possible durability of the motor. A set of additives here is qualitatively different than for gasoline cars. Since the fuel burns not completely, the number of detergents and dispersing additives should be much more.

Some are able to keep soot in a suspended position, other reduce the formation of nagar on pistons and cylinders. Due to the presence of a significant percentage of sulfur in order to increase resistance to oxidation, additives are introduced into the oil, specially protecting from oxidation and alkaline media formation.

For motors without chance, experts do not advise the use of class oils below Bi, or CD, according to different classifications. In Turbodiesels, a class is allowed from CE or B2. The turbocharged engines are more demanding, as there are not only high loads on the system, but also there is a need to ensure the long operation of the turbocharger.

Other important moment For diesel engines - viscosity index. According to this indicator, summer, winter and year-round options differ.

Gasoline aggregate oil

The choice of fluid for such machines begins with the determination of the motor, as well as the natural conditions of the vehicle operation.

To date power units have greater power, compression ratio, and therefore are capable of working in more severe conditions than before. This became possible, including due to the fact that the standards for spent gases and toxicity tightened.

Considering the mineral water, semi-synthetic and synthetics, as well as taking into account the latitude, where we live, experts conclude that such types as semi-synthetic and synthetics are the most appropriate.

For most aggregates, it is possible to limit the semi-synthetic, changing it in the usual mode. But the more extreme operating conditions, the more often the replacement is required. Which oil brand is better to pour into the engine? In our conditions, when buying oil, you should first be extremely careful and pay attention not only and not so much on the brand itself as the quality and authenticity of the product. Therefore, the reviews advise you to acquire liquid only in stores with a good reputation. Otherwise, there is a big risk of buying fake.

Automal for different brands of cars

Well, to choose specifically, what oil brand is better to pour into the VAZ-2107 engine, you can see the reviews of other motorists. Many prefer the LUKOIL brand, but there are those who choose better lubricants. However, stopping his choice on any alone fluid, better on it and ride, as changing the brand, you will be forced to flush the motor and spend time, and the result will remain the same.

Best oil for Hendai Accent

For car owners of this brand, the right choice depends on the year of production and engine number. For most models, the semi-synthetic 10W40 is suitable. The exception is only the engine under the D4FA number, which rides only on the 5W30 synthet. Which oil brand is better to pour into the engine "Hyundai Accent"? Manufacturers recommend Liqui Moly., Mannol, Araral.

Choice for Renault Logan

The opinion of manufacturers with regard to which oil brand is better to pour into the Renault Logan engine, is supported Elf Evolution SXR 5W30 or ELF EVOLUTION SXR 5W40. it lubricating liquids on a synthetic basis.

Suitable option for cars "Nissan"

Consider two models "Nissan": "Almer" and "Cascai".

Which oil brand is better to pour into the engine? "Nissan Almera" is a model produced by a long time. Therefore, mineral water 15W40 is suitable for cars until 2000, and after 2000 - Synthetic 5W30. For diesel engines, this brand can be ELF 5W40.

What about new models? Which oil brand is better to pour into the engine? "Nissan Kashkai", for example, is produced since 2007. For him, as for other new cars, the manufacturer unambiguously proposes to use only 5W30 synthetics. The concrete brand of car owners, of course, has the right to choose themselves, but most use original Oil "Nissan."

Optimum option for "Opel"

For old models, mineral water 15W40 or semi-synthetic 10W40 is suitable. But for recently Release choose the synthetic 5W30. So what brand of oil is better to pour into the engine? Opel recommends its customers Mobil1, Liqui Molly, Motul.

Best oil for Toyota

Viscosity and class, as for all models, it depends on the year of the car. The company clearly expresses the question of which brand of oil is better to pour into the engine. "Toyota" will feel great on the original corporate fluid.

Suitable option for "Mazda CX7"

The type of oil for this car, of course, is suitable synthetic, and the viscosity of 5W30. What brand of oil is better to pour into the engine Mazda CX 7? This company, like many others, offers Mazda owners of their original version.

Best oil in winter

Winter oil for motors, judging by the reviews, car owners is currently not used as such. Therefore, pay attention to a greater extent on the class of viscosity. If the fluid is called, in which the letter W is present, for example: 5W30, 5W40 and so on - then you can confident that this oil belongs to the all-season class. They can safely use year-round. The bulk of drivers is just such an oil and chooses. At the same time, using oil in winter, you need to pay attention to the first number in front of the letter W.

If low-temperature viscosity corresponds to the regional climate, where it is operated motor vehicle and accumulator battery With the starter is in proper condition, it is not worried about what. And you can also continue to use this viscosity class.

If no confidence in the weather, it is better to choose a lower-temperature viscosity.

At the same time, the following circumstances should be taken into account:

• oil change gives an additional load on the engine;
• the liquid of one manufacturer is compatible with different viscosity class;
• Used during the cold season, must meet the manufacturer's guidelines.

In addition to viscosity and type, many motorists prefer the use of certain brands in winter. What brand of oil is better to pour in the engine in the winter? We are most popular with:

• Castrol, which is highly appreciated in most Eurasian countries.
• Shell Helix, which is worthy of many consumers.
• Xado also has excellent performance.
• ZiC has been confident in car owners for many years.
• Mobil is a German leader recognized in many countries.

The Russian consumer also knows the LUKOIL oil and popularly. But in winter it is better to use another brand.

The number of proposals present today on the market is extremely great. For each of the cars, up to several dozen brands found on the shelves of auto-shops. For winter, it is better to navigate first not at the cost, but on quality characteristics. If the car is stored in a heated garage, then the requirements for the liquid are significantly reduced. Then the usual all-season will be sufficient, and the engine is not subject to additional load, changing the composition of the oil.