Curb weight TC. Curb weight of the car - is it a complete or partial weight? Maximum allowable weight for cargo transport

Alone key characteristics The car is the indicators of its mass. The vehicle weight directly affects fuel consumption and the operation of a plurality of systems provided in the machine.

Choosing me new carMany buyers are thinking about the question of its equipped, complete and extremely permissible masses. After all, quite often vehicles are used to transport passengers and large cargo. If the machine is not designed for the necessary loads, it will be unsuitable for the planned mode of operation.

The trite driver must understand how many passengers and baggage he can take on board so that it does not harm its car, not provoke a breakdown of suspension or other nodes due to overload.

The basic concepts of the characteristics of the TC mass are told on theoretical. Many do not consider such information useful, but faced with it after a while. Because of this, motorists arise difficulties in studying this issue.

The concept of the cutting mass

This is the most common concept at which automakers will focus. official dealers And which the drivers themselves are watching.

The equipped mass of any car is the weight or mass of the vehicle, which includes the weight of everything standard equipment, operational materials, but the weight of cargo, passengers and the driver is not taken into account.

Standard equipment usually include a spare amount and tools. As for the operational materials, they consider the fuel, engine and transmission oilCoolant and other components.

You can somewhat differently describe what is an equipped mass in any factory car. This is the total weight of the components of the empty in terms of cargo, the driver and passengers of the vehicle, but with the filled fuel tank, with all standard tools, equipment and working fluids. In fact, this car is in the form that comes in the car dealerships. It contains all the most necessary, but there is nothing superfluous, which will gradually be accumulated by the car owner.

Determine the value of this characteristic is not difficult. This is due to the fact that the emergency mass, like full mass Car, often. But they mean different parameters. Therefore, to start, look at the technical passport. Also, such information is available even before buying a car, since manufacturers and sellers necessarily prescribe these parameters in the list technical characteristics.

It is important to add that the EU accepted a slightly different standard, according to which the weight of the driver is included in the total circuit-made mass. This takes into account the standard weight of 75 kilograms.

The decision is quite reasonable and has a logical explanation. The thing is that the movement of the vehicle will be impossible in the absence of a person in it, that is, the driver. It is considered a significant component of the machine, which is why automakers are considered to be incorrect to date drivers to payloads.

The outaged mass has a different name. This is a lot of load. As for the total mass of the vehicle, then everything is somewhat different.

It is in the concept of full mass that additionally the weight of the equipment, consumables, driver, cargo and passengers includes. From here it is not difficult to determine the difference between these two concepts. It lies in the weight characteristics of the passengers in the car, the driver itself and the cargo located in the cabin or the luggage compartment.

One more an important characteristic Consider a dry mass of the vehicle. It includes the net weight of the machine itself, its design. In this case, the weight of standard equipment, fuel, consumable liquids should be subtracted from the cutting mass. Then we get that very dry mass.

Features of calculation

Each country has the right to use its own formula to determine the overall mass of a particular vehicle. This is not surprising, since such a criterion is key to passing cars to the sections, where there are weight limitations. This primarily concerns bridges, as well as dams and other similar designs.

As already noted, in Europe additionally add averaged vehicle weight, that is, an indicator of the average mass of man. So you can better form data on the weight of the car.

If we talk about the rules for the Russian Federation, then the following points are taken into account when calculating the exaccuits:

• 75 kilograms. As in the case of the European Union, in Russia there is a rule of adding a averaged indicator of human weight to the equipped mass. It is based on a simple concept of the fact that the driver acts as a mandatory component for the movement of the vehicle;
• if these trucks or buses intended for, with a constructively stipulated location for a crew member, 75 kilograms are also added;
• instruments. In the equipped mass necessarily include the list of instruments required by the motorist;
• 90%. Just such a volume of refilled fuel tank Include in the equipped mass. If you take the standard volume of the tank in 60 liters and roughly calculate the mass of fuel, it turns out that it takes about 55 kilograms in the calculation as a surcharge to the equipped mass;
• split. The obligatory component is a spare wheel;
• jack, fire extinguisher, etc.

Summing all these parameters with a dry mass, the final value is obtained in technical documentation car.

It is worth noting the fact of the existence of special formulas that allow you to individually calculate the overall mass. This is especially important for freight vehiclewhich pass through special items for weighing procedure. If you deduct out of weight indicators, the equipment is equipped, you can learn about the exact weight of the cargo, the maximum mass and other characteristics.

Therefore, in certain situations, controlling services apply the calculated formulas to determine this parameter.

Why it is important to know

There are a number of vital vehicles of a motorist when he needs or simply needs to know exactly the parameters of the equipment of its vehicle.

Each machine has a certain limit on the weight of the transported and towed cargo. If you are stuck and ask to tow the driver of the machine, which is technically unable to cope with such loads, the consequences will be negative for both parties.

Also about the equipment should be remembered when the passage of complex areas, bridges, hazardous seats And pr. On the roads there are special warning signs, showing, with which maximum weight here you can drive.

The concept of weight of payload

Observing with the concepts of mass of a car without load, we are now interested in a slightly different mass of the car. Specialists and simple motorists believe that the most significant from the position of the operation of the vehicle is such a characteristic as a lifting capacity. Also, it is called a lot of payload. But the concept of lifting capacity is more understandable and simple. From this, the point will not be changed.

Under the load capacity of the car, they understand the total weight of the entire cargo transported by the vehicle, which meets the operational and total machine characteristics of the machines.

It is important to take into account the separation of the mass of the payload for nominal and calculated.

In the case of calculating, only the weight is taken into account that is maximum able to transport a particular vehicle. In the case of the nominal necessarily, the quality of the road coating, which is carried out by cargo transportation. If it is a solid coating, then cars Capably transport from 500 kg. cargo and more. In case of trucks And the dumps appear figures in the area of \u200b\u200b25-30 tons.

The concept of total mass

Next, we describe in the fact that according to the rules is called the permitted maximum or complete mass of the vehicle. Many identify such concepts as equipped and full of passenger or truck. But this is not entirely right.

There is a significant difference between these values, which cannot be missed. It will be a serious mistake.

If we talk about what the full or maximum permissible mass of the car means, then the weight of the equipped and extremely loaded vehicle is implied here, which is laid at the model design. Additionally take into account the weight of the driver itself and its passengers.

Each individual brand and a specific vehicle model have their own indicators of permissible or full mass. In many ways, this characteristic depends on which materials were used in production. body details, cabin elements and other components.

MM (maximum mass) \u003d MSN. (equipped) + MGRP. (Cargo and passengers) + mV. (driver)

It is extremely recommended to violate the requirements for maximum loading of the vehicle. If there is too much cargo and people on board, which will exceed the load prescribed in the technical documentation, it will lead to serious problems. First of all, the suspension will suffer. Also rises the risk to face the deformations of the body itself.

Differences between full and equipped

In order to finally understand these concepts, a certain clarity should be made relative to the equipment and full mass. Many know that these concepts are different, but what exactly they differ, they cannot say for sure.

Here the whole point is that specifically enters the overall performance of two characteristics. If we compare with the parameters of the equipped mass, then the weight of the motorist itself will be additionally taken into account, that is, the driver on board passengers and.

It is impossible to deny the fact that not all people correspond to the laid technical specifications standards. Weight of 75 kilograms are considered averaged, since the driver can weigh both 50 kg. And 150 kilograms. People are different, and from here there is a difference in their weight.

Similarly, things are with transportable luggage and cargo. Someone practically does not use the luggage compartment, and the maximum transports a couple of times a week several packages from the supermarket. Others regularly fill the trunk with different objects, things and goods. It comes to the fact that rear suspension Sleeping from such a load, and the machine is barely rushed from the spot.

Such a drawback in the characteristics led to the active use of the concept of permissible total mass. Each separately taken vehicle has a marking mark on the workload, the design does not allow. This is still at the design and production stage provided for automakers.

The more loaded motor vehicleThe more intense is consumed fuel, the consumption of not only gasoline, but also oils, the tires are rapid faster, the wear of the suspension elements and the engine is accelerated.

This does not mean that the car can not be used as a means for transporting baggage or passengers. To prohibit anyone except the driver to sit in a car is not necessary. But you need to adhere to the limit load installed by the manufacturer. Otherwise, you risks face serious breakdowns, body deformation and other troubles.

In fact, all the considered concepts are quite simple. To understand them and determine the difference will not be a lot of work.

Characteristics of the mass of the car is a priority criterion for fuel consumption and other indicators that affect all sorts of auto systems. The main concepts concerning the masses of the vehicle are usually told in a driving school. Nevertheless, for many car owners, this is a difficult question. In this article we will tell, what is the difference between the full mass of an infinite and what it is; As well as find out what is a lot of payload and the maximum allowable mass.

Interesting fact! Machine with the highest mass is considered to be the dump truck BelAZ 75710 (Belarus). Its weight is 810 tons, and loading capacity is 450 tons. In 2014, this car traveled the load with a mass of 503.5 tons and thus set a new record of the Book of Hinnhesa Europe and the CIS.

What is the cutting mass of the car

The curb weight of the car is a mass of a vehicle that takes into account the weight of the standard equipment (spare wheel, tools), a mass of all operational materials (fuel, coolant, oil, etc.), but does not take into account the mass of the cargo, driver and passengers. In other words, the total mass value of all components of the empty, fastened to the total tank TC, which has all the standard equipment and necessary levels Liquids and means the equipped mass of the car.

You can find a digit corresponding to the curb weight of your car, in its technical transport, or among the technical characteristics of the model of your car.

Note! In many European countries, the driver's mass (75 kg) is included in the equipment. Manufacturers adhere to this opinion that for the movement of the car, the presence of a driver is prerequisiteAnd, therefore, its weight cannot be ranked with a payload.

The curb weight is also called weight without load, while a mass of the vehicle, which includes the weight of the equipment, consumables, as well as the mass of the driver, the mass of passengers and the cargo. That is, the difference between the full and cutting masses is in the weight of the driver, passengers and cargo transported by the machine.

We also mention such a thing as dry mass Auto. This is the real weight of the machine as structures, devices, mechanism. In other words, this is the overall actual mass of the non-equipped vehicle without any consumable fluids.

Mass of payload

Now it will be about such an important technique and the main operational characteristic of vehicles as a carrying capacity, in other words, about the mass of the payload. This is the total weight of the entire cargo (meeting the total and performance characteristics TC), which transports the car. By setting the permissible maximum load on the axis of the rolling stock on the meter of the path, it is possible to determine the calculated mass of the useful load of the vehicle.

Conditionally carrying capacity can be divided into estimated and nominal. If the calculated only takes into account the permissible weight, which can transport transport, then the nominal value also takes into account the quality of the road. On solid coating, it can be from 0.5 tons (for passenger cars) up to more than 28 tons (for dump trucks).

Did you know? In some types of cars, the certification plate is attached to the door frame, which indicates technical data, including the mass of the maximum permissible load on each bridge.

Maximum allowable (complete) mass

If we talk about the allowed maximum mass of the vehicle, then this is the mass of the exhaust and extremely loaded car provided by the developer. The weight of the driver and passengers is also taken into account. Each brand and the model has its own maximum allowable mass, which depends on the materials used in the production of the machine, body design and other parts of the car.

Important! It is advisable to not exceed the permissible maximum of this indicator, in order to avoid the deformation of the body and problems with the suspension.

PDD also states that the sub-maximum mass trading is due to the sum of the maximum permissible masses of all vehicles that make up the train. It is also worth mentioning that since 2015, the Cabinet of Ukraine introduced some limitations for trucks aimed at preserving the integrity of the roadway. As stated in Resolution No. 8669 of 21.10: For the transport of divided goods, the allowed maximum mass of the cargo car is no more than 40 tons, which refers to public roads.

As you can see, all the concepts are extremely simple and understandable. We hope all the above you come in handy and confusion will not arise.

In the automotive sphere and everything that is connected with this area, 2 such basic concepts are used as the oven weight of the car and the full mass of the machine. These two characteristics are those on the theoretical classes passing in the automotive school, they are definitely talking. Nevertheless, many, even very experienced, drivers do not know or just forgotten what lies under this terminology.

What is the cutting mass of the car

What is the full mass of the machine

What is the difference between the oven and the full mass of the car

If you understand, in contractions of these two concepts, the case is that it is exactly and summarizes in the overall mass rate. Unlike the indicator of the curb weight of the car, the driver's weight of the driver, and the weight of the car passengers, and the mass of those cargo that are in it are still taken into account (transported).

Absolutely natural is that people are all different - each person has a different weight. The same refer to the baggage of the car - some drivers can "sharpen" the car so that it cannot be shifted from the place, and some are more careful and transported goods within reason. In connection with this most often among motorists, such a concept is applied as "permissible full mass of the machine." Each car has its own highest solvable mark, it all depends on the manufacturer's company, the materials that were used in the process of producing the machine, as well as the structure of the automotive body and other carrier parts of the machine. It is important not to download your own car so that this indicator is exceeded. If this does not adhere to this, then gradually during the operation of the car will be deformed its body, bridge systems, as well as many other details that are fixed to the car suspension. It is also necessary to take into account the fact that with a complete circle mass of the car, it will absorb significantly more.

A passenger car - a car designed to transport passengers and baggage, with a capacity of 2 to 8 people. With more seats for passengers, the car is considered a bus (minibus). The first car was created in 1876.

Classification of passenger cars

I would like to note that the classification of passenger cars as a class of wheel vehicles and inside this class, in itself is sufficiently conditional: some cars can be "transition" between classes, and even on all signs to relate to two or more classes at the same time .

In addition, the classes themselves change their definition, car size, and so on. It is best illustrated by the constant physical growth of the same model line. For example, the BMW of the 3rd series, debuting as a very compact car, so far has grown so much that caused the 1st series BMW to life.

In addition, the classification of cars is highly dependent on the characteristics of the country's legislation. For example, in Russia, cars related to the class of passenger mass cannot have more than 3,500 kg, and in the USA - 8,600 pounds (3904 kg); In Germany, a passenger car with a "wagon" or "hatchback" body, subject to dismantling the rear seats and belts and paint the rear side glasses can be registered as a truck; In the United States for a long time, all motor-SUVs were considered "TRUCK" (truck), regardless of mass and size; Customs rules of the Russian Federation require that the imported car with a maximum allowed weight of up to 3,500 kg was registered as a truck - if the mass of the useful cargo exceeds the mass of passengers and the driver (75 kg per place), and passenger - if the mass of the driver and passengers exceeds the allowable weight of the useful load ; etc.

Cars by classes

• Class A. 3-door and 5-door hatchback. Little dimensions - length - no more than 3,600, width - no more than 1520
• Class B.3- and 5-door hatchbacks, less often sedans, length 3500-3900, width 1520-1630

• Class C.Hatchback, sedan, wagon or control. Length 3.9 - 4.4m. Width 1.6 - 1.75m

• Class D.Hatchback, sedan, wagon and universal enhanced capacity. Length 4.4 - 4.7m. Width 1.7 - 1.8m

• Class E.Sedans and wagons. Length more than 4.6 m. Width more than 1.7 m

• Class F.Sedans, limousines. Length more than 4.6m. Width more than 1.7 m

• Minivans and high capacity cars. Hatchback, sedan, wagon or control

• SUV. 3- or 5-door universals, less often with removable soft riding. Capacity - from 4 to 9 seats. Purpose is quite universal, although it can be very specific.

• Coupe. Coupe with a capacity of 2 or 4 seats

• With an open body. Converts, Roadsters and Spiders

In these realities, you can also classify passenger cars for appointment.

"Passenger passenger". Designed for the transport of passengers and / or a small amount of cargo on roads with an improved coating. Increased crossings do not possess (even if there is a full drive!), Congress from the road or overcoming a small fusion can be carried out exclusively "for fear and risk" driver. The subclass of "passenger passenger cars" are "sports cars".

These cars are not cars intended for racing, but are designed to deliver high pleasure from managing their owner. The range of "sporting" solutions can begin with the installation by the manufacturer of the "sports kit" on the ordinary model (for example, Chevrolet Lacetti. WTCC, Opel Vectra OPC-Line), and ending with the release of highly dynamic models (Honda NSX, Chevrolet Corvette, Lamborgini Murcelado ...) - "SUVs".

This class of cars can be operated under the conditions of real off-road and constructively to this is adapted. - Popular now class "crossovers" (they are "PARKTERS") is intermediate between passenger and SUVs.

These vehicles have patency, increased relative to the "passenger passenger", but do not possess complete set off-road qualities and do not allow to overcome a serious off-road. - "Commercial" cars are often created on the basis of "passenger cars", but at the same time are intended mainly for the transport of small batches of goods in the interests of the business, and not only.

It is interesting that there is a "return" to the function of the passenger car: for example, on the basis of the popular Opel Corsa, the Opel Combo cargo van, in which the volume of the front seats is organized by the volume of about 3m3 for cargo, and immediately the Opel Combo Tour is offered, where in the spacious previously cargo, compartment set passenger seats. From the purely "passenger passenger" progenitor, such a car (like many competitors) is characterized by a much more spacious interior and high ceiling.

Other classification passenger cars

G1 - Kupe
G2 - Premium coupe
H1 - Cabripes and Roadsters
H2 - Premium Convertibles and Roadsters
I - Universals of increased passability
K1 - Light SUVs
K2 - Medium SUV
K3 - Heavy SUVs
K4 - Picaps
L - minivans
M - Small Commercial

To passenger cars include passenger cars With a capacity of up to 8 people, including the driver.

Cars are classified by appointment, by classes, in general layout, by type of body.

By destination cars are divided into cars general purpose and cars increased passibility. Appointment depends on the possibility of this model to move in various road conditions.

General-purpose cars are designed to move on roads of various categories, mainly by road. General destination cars include cars "VAZ", GAZ, KIA, "Volga" and others.

Cars of increased passability can move away, are intended for operation not only on roads with a solid coating, but also in roads off-road. Cars "Niva", "UAZ" include industrial cars.

Depending on the overall layout, domestic cars are divided into rear-wheel drive (classical layout), front-wheel drive and all-wheel drive

The classic layout scheme involves the location of the engine over the axis of the front wheels. Wheel formula of such cars: 4x2. The drive to the drive wheels of the rear axle is carried out by means of a cardan shaft. For example: VAZ-2107 "Lada", GAZ-3110 "Volga".

The front-wheel drive layout scheme has become known in our country relatively recently. According to this scheme, the engine and transmission are arranged directly above the front axle, representing a common power unit with a torque output to the front wheels. The entire node is compact in the front of the body. Wheel formula: 2x4. Examples: VAZ-2170 "Priora", KAMAZ-11113 "Oka". The all-wheel drive layout scheme "involves the location of the engine and the drive to the rear axle in the same way as a classic scheme, and for the drive of the front axle are provided transfer case, inter-axis differential and second cardan shaft. Examples: "Chevrolet - Niva", UAZ Hunter..

In the number of compartments in the body, domestic cars are divided into two-volume (VAZ-2120 "Nadezhda", VAZ-2111 "Lada", BA3-21093 "Samara") and three-volume (GAZ-3102 "Volga", VAZ-2115 "Samara") .

The class of the car depends on the working volume of the engine cylinders, expressed in liters and from its mass in a non-taxable state. Limit grades are shown in Table.

Division of passenger cars in classes

European classification of passenger cars

Cars of particularly small class are designed for 4 people, the rest of the models are 5 people.

By type of body, modern domestic cars can have body type: sedan, hatchback, wagon, pickup and van.

The basic models of passenger cars are assigned a four-digit index in which the first digit indicates the class of the car, the second is the type of car, and the third and

the fourth point to the number of his model. To indicate modifications basic models Extra numbers can be added to the index.

The full designation of the model includes the abbreviated name of the manufacturer.

For example: VAZ-21109 "Consul", where VAZ is a Volga automotive plant; 2 - car class; 1 - type (passenger); 10 - the number of the basic model; 9 - Modification number (4-seater limousine) "Consul" - trademark.

In the automotive sphere and everything that is connected with this area, 2 such basic concepts are used as the oven weight of the car and the full mass of the machine. These two characteristics are those on the theoretical classes passing in the automotive school, they are definitely talking. Nevertheless, many, even very experienced, drivers do not know or just forgotten what lies under this terminology.

What is the cutting mass of the car

The cutting mass of the car is common, i.e. Cumulative mass of the machine with a set of standard equipment, all its operational consumableswho are needed (for example, coolant and motor Oil), fully refilled by car fuel tank, weight of the driver, but without cargo weight and passenger weight.

What is the full mass of the car?

The full mass of the car, or, as it is also called, the full allowed mass is the mass of the machine that is the maximum permissible and includes: the weight of the driver, the weight of passengers, the mass of the entire outfit car, as well as the mass of the cargo that is transported by the machine.

What is the difference between the oven and the full mass of the car

If you understand, in contractions of these two concepts, the case is that it is exactly and summarizes in the overall mass rate. Unlike the indicator of the curb weight of the car, the driver's weight of the driver, and the weight of the car passengers, and the mass of those cargo that are in it are still taken into account (transported).

Absolutely natural is that people are all different - each person has a different weight. The same refer to the baggage of the car - some drivers can "sharpen" the car so that it cannot be shifted from the place, and some are more careful and transported goods within reason.

In connection with this most often among motorists, such a concept is applied as "permissible full mass of the machine." Each car has its own highest solvable mark, it all depends on the manufacturer's company, those materials that were used in the production process of the machine, as well as structures car body and other carrier parts of the machine.

It is important not to download your own car so that this indicator is exceeded. If this does not adhere to this, then gradually during the operation of the car will be deformed its body, bridge systems, as well as many other details that are fixed to the car suspension.

It is also necessary to take into account the fact that with a complete circle mass of the car, it will absorb significantly more.

In the automotive sphere and everything that is connected with this area, 2 such basic concepts are used as the oven weight of the car and the full mass of the machine. These two characteristics are those on the theoretical classes passing in the automotive school, they are definitely talking. Nevertheless, many, even very experienced, drivers do not know or just forgotten what lies under this terminology.

What is the cutting mass of the car

What is the full mass of the machine

What is the difference between the oven and the full mass of the car

If you understand, in contractions of these two concepts, the case is that it is exactly and summarizes in the overall mass rate. Unlike the indicator of the curb weight of the car, the driver's weight of the driver, and the weight of the car passengers, and the mass of those cargo that are in it are still taken into account (transported).

Absolutely natural is that people are all different - each person has a different weight. The same refer to the baggage of the car - some drivers can "sharpen" the car so that it cannot be shifted from the place, and some are more careful and transported goods within reason. In connection with this most often among motorists, such a concept is applied as "permissible full mass of the machine." Each car has its own highest solvable mark, it all depends on the manufacturer's company, the materials that were used in the process of producing the machine, as well as the structure of the automotive body and other carrier parts of the machine. It is important not to download your own car so that this indicator is exceeded. If this does not adhere to this, then gradually during the operation of the car will be deformed its body, bridge systems, as well as many other details that are fixed to the car suspension. It is also necessary to take into account the fact that with a complete circle mass of the car, it will absorb significantly more.