Years of release GAZ 24 10. Cars of the Soviet era. In the game and souvenir industry

The light appeared updated sedan GAZ-24-10, and it was on this model that the Epoch of the Twenty-Fourth Volga ended. Despite the fact that the car was already considered outdated by that time, he enjoyed in great demand, almost a third of all GAZ-24-10 cars went to the taxi service. Modifications with body type universal were used as cargo lots and ambulances.

The first prototype of the car GAZ-24-10 was released in 1984 and from serial model He was pretty very different. For example, the experienced car was a different grille of the radiator, rectangular headlights, on the sides of which turn signals, other bumpers. There were other and other small details.

GAZ-24-10 inherited the unpretentiousness and reliability of its predecessor GAZ-24, but the quality of the assembly deteriorated significantly, especially in the Late cars, already Russian release. Anticorrosive processing And the color of the body is very low quality was the main problem of GAZ-24-10.

In 1992, the Gorky Automotive Plant put a point in the history of the "Twenty-Fourth Volga" stopped production of the last car GAZ-24-10. Subsequently, it was based on GAZ-24-10 aggregates, crossed with a modified Body of GAZ-3102, was created new model "Volga" with the GAZ-31029 index.

Design and design

GAZ-24-10 serial cars compared to GAZ-24 lost a significant part of the chrome decor, for example, instead of chrome finishing of the radiator cladding, was put a simple black plastic. To others external changes It can be attributed to the fact that GAZ-24-10 lost parking lights on the interior ventilation deflectors, the door handles became recessed, and the windows of the front doors lost to the vents. The bumpers lost the "fangs", that is, in the form they returned to the sample until 1977 (while there remained the undercuts for "fangs"), the playground disappeared for the room under the front bumper. The front overall lights were transferred to the headlights, previously they were located separately, just below. The caps of stainless steel wheels were replaced by simple plastic, which closed the whole wheel, and not only the disk hub, and in the instruction manual called "aerodynamic". These caps were notable for the fact that they had the original reliable fastening system with a curly central nut, preventing the spontaneous compartment of the cap from the wheel rim in motion.

In addition to appearance cardinal changes Subjected to the interior of the car. As the basis of the Salon GAZ-24-10, the architecture of GAZ-3102 was taken. GAZ-24-10 received new front seats with head restraints with the possibility of adjusting height, in the luxury configuration as a seat uphoems used velor (for most models, conventional tissues with dermatina edging were used). The instrument panel on the similarity of the one that was installed on GAZ-3102, but it was not performed from polyurethane foam as GAZ-3102, but from ordinary plastic. The rear window was no longer blown, instead, by analogy with GAZ-3102, electrical heating was installed on it.

But nevertheless the main novelty of the car became the power unit. GAZ-24-10 received engine ZMZ.-402 power 100. horse power (According to some data 98), although it was only an upgraded version of 24D. Together with the engine changed the carburetor, improved the cooling system, release and some other details. Together with the ZMZ-402 engine, a mechanical, 4-speed gearbox synchronized on 1-4 transmissions was installed. On the special modification of the car under the gas-24-34 index, an 8-cylinder V-shaped engine was installed and an automatic 3-speed gearbox.

Modifications

GAZ-24-10.

Basic sedan release 1985-1992

GAZ-24-11

Sedan for taxi

GAZ-24-12.

The car with a 5-door body type of the universal, designed as a replacement for GAZ-24-02, was produced in 1987-1992.

GAZ-24-13.

Sanitary car with body body station, developed on the basis of the GAZ-24-12 model

GAZ-24-14.

Cargo-passenger taxi with a body of a station wagon, refurbished under the 76th gasoline.

GAZ-24-17.

Modification GAZ 24-10 for taxi service. As a power unit, a ZMZ 4027 engine operating on liquefied gas was used. The engine power was 85 horsepower. Externally, the car could be distinguished by additional hatch in the upper side of the rear left wing, behind the roof rack, for refueling with liquefied gas. The photo presents one of the first samples, so the car is painted not in the standard color for the taxi service, however, you can notice the trimming hatch on the left wing.

GAZ-24-34.

Special car, in prosecution "Catching" developed on the basis of GAZ-24-10 which replaced the car for special services

Cars the middle class, produced by the gas factory: GAZ-24-10 - from 1986; GAZ-24-12 - Since 1987, the plant has previously produced GAZ-24 cars from 1970s, until 1986 and GAZ-24-02 from 1972 to 1987 GAZ - 24-10 - closed, carrying, All-metal four-door sedan. Body GAZ-24-12 - five-door wagon. The front seats - with head restraints, are adjusted along the length and tilt of the back (the backs can be rejected back to the horizontal position). Rear seats: GAZ-24-10 - triple, unregulated, with a folding (middle) armrest; GAZ-24-12 - in the middle row one double and one single folding (for the passage to rear seats), In the back row one - a double seat. Middle and rear row seats fold for education luggage compartment.

List of modifications
GAZ-24-10 car - Passenger, middle class, with all-metal body type "Sedan".
Car gas-24-11 - Taxi, with a body of type "Sedan".
GAZ-24-12 car - GROWSAZHIRSKIY, with the body of the type "Universal".
GAZ-24-13 car - Sanitary, with a body of the "Universal".

SPECIFICATIONS

The passenger cars of the middle class are manufactured by the gas-founded GAZ-24-12 - from 1987 GAZ-24-12 - five-door wagon.
The front seats - with head restraints, are adjusted along the length and tilt of the back (the backs can be rejected back to the horizontal position). The rear seats of GAZ-24-12 - in the middle row one double and one single folding (for passing to the rear seats), in the back row one - a double seat. The seats of the middle and rear rows are formed to form a luggage compartment.

Modifications of the car GAZ-24-10: GAZ-24-11 - taxi; GAZ-24-17 - Taxi with an engine operating on liquefied gas; GAZ-24-60 - tropical execution (dry and wet climate). Modifications of the car GAZ-24-12: GAZ-24-13 - sanitary; GAZ-24-14 - Taxi.

Interior equipment of car-taxi bodies has the following differences from basic models: Seat 'upholstery - from artificial leather, there is a taximeter (T-L1), a roof lamp (FP147) and a control green lamp (17.3738) in the upper right corner of the windshop. Body sanitary car The partition is divided into two compartments - the driver's cabin with two seats and a sanitary compartment with a negotiation window in the partition. Stretcher installed along the left side. There are two single seats - front folding and rear - fixed, as well as an additional heater included in the engine cooling system.

Nodes and aggregates

Engine:

Transmission:

Suspension:

Wheels and tires

Steering control:

Brakes:

Electrical equipment:

SPECIFICATIONS

Sometimes there is a question about the correctness of the model index, i.e. GAZ-2410 or GAZ-24-10? The technical passport uses the first option, and on the factory plate under the hood and in the factory instruction the second is indicated. 24-10 is the official index, it should be used, according to the industry Normal 2410 - the car of another class.

Exterior of the classic Volga GAZ 2410

A little earlier the release began, the prototype was also. Initially it was assumed that this model would be massive. For her was designed new Body With a more modern design, many nodes changed. But there was no mass release, only small series were produced. The reasons were the ambitions of high officials for whom the model was intended not to want the same car to work as a taxi. As a result, GAZ-24-10, which was GAZ-24 and GAZ-3102, began to produce massively.

From the prototype, the new model inherited the body (with the exception of individual parts) and some other elements, from 3102 - the ZMZ-402 engine and most transmissions nodes. Some changes in individual nodes and parts have been developed specifically for a new model.

GAZ-24-10 is a four-door sedan with a fairly spacious interior and a spacious trunk.

Volga GAZ 2410 Rear View

Maintenance specifications GAZ-24-10 "Volga":

Despite the general similarity of the body, there were some differences in the exterior:

1. Instead of chrome lattices of the radiator and caps on wheels, plastic are installed in GAZ-24-10.
2. Front overall lights are combined with headlights.
3. Appears rotation repeaters on the front wings.
4. Door handles are recessed.
5. The doors have disappeared from the windows (attackers to penetrate the cabin became more complicated).
6. Increased and steel plastic housing exterior mirrors.
7. Separate characters did not become built into the rear lights.
8. Decorative chrome details disappeared.
9. Parking lights removed from the rear racks.

Read also

Spare parts for car GAZ-2410

In the rest appearance GAZ-24-10 did not differ from 24.
The interior has become more modern for those years, part of the elements was almost a copy of similar on GAZ-3102, but there were differences.

Classic interior design GAZ 24

• The seats are similar to 3101, they were regulated in height, they had head restraints, ergonomics approached the optimal (as considered at the time), but for upholstery used cheap materials instead of velor;
• The steering wheel is the same as on GAZ 3101, its diameter decreased compared to GAZ-24;
• Lever arm manual brakes began to install the right of the driver (in GAZ-24 it was under the instrument panel);
• On the steering column there was a lever of turning on the wrapper of the windshield;
• There was electric heating of the rear window (instead of blowing air on gas-24).

In general, the salon approached foreign analogues of those years, although the comfort was noticeably lower.


BRAKE SYSTEM DualContrary, similar to 3102, with the main cylinder of the Tandem type and vacuum amplifier. The rear brakes have a pressure regulator, on the instrument panel - alarm alarm. Reliability increased: when the output is one contour, the second will work. But the brake mechanisms themselves remained drum-type, unlike the disk on the front wheels of GAZ-3101.

The gearbox is the same as GAZ-24, at the rear bridge, the gear ratio has become 3.9 instead of 4.1.Modification of suspension (increased distance from the lever swivel fist The hub disk) increased the course stability of the car and made it possible to use wide wheels with tires 205/70R14. Some minor changes have affected other machine elements, mainly electrical equipment.

Read also

Volga GAZ-24 with V8 engine

Engines

GAZ-24-10 was supplied by a row four-cylinder Motor ZMZ-402 p. This is a modified engine of 24d, which stood on GAZ-24. Changes touched the GBC, the cooling system pump from it was removed and placed on the block. Head itself decreased at height from 98 to 94.4 mm to create more high degree Compression and transition to gasoline with an increased octane number.

The release system received the second exhaust pipe, slightly changed lubrication system. The main technical characteristics of the ZMZ-402 engine:

• Resource declared by the manufacturer, thousand km - 200;
• Weight, kg - 181;
• Volume, liters - 2.445;
• Power, kW / l. from. - 73.5 / 100;
• Torque, n * m - 182;
• Mark gasoline - A-92, AI-93.

Part of the cars was completed with a motor 4021.10 with a K-126mm carburetor. This modification is characterized by a reduced degree of compression and works on gasoline A-76.

Mounted on GAZ 24 engine 4021.10

Characteristic engine malfunctions

Both modifications have several typical problems. One of the main - leak oils from the rear seal crankshaft. There is a gland (rope with graphite lubricant), which at high engine speeds (more than 2500) begins to skip oil. It has to be replaced. Another problem is overheating. The causes can be an air stopper in the cooling system, a thermostat or pump fault.


Due to the disadvantages of the design, the central part of the block head is strongest. You should periodically check and tighten the nuts of the cylinder fastening. Sparely arise in the engine in the engine, the reason most often serve as an increase in valve gaps, they should be adjusted. If the motor vibration occurs, check the condition of the pillows in the places of the supports, replace when wear.

GAZ 24 is a Soviet passenger machine of the middle class, which was produced in a serial order at the enterprise in the city of Gorky from 1969 to 1992.

The Soviet car was considered a symbol of the era of their years, as well as she was a prestigious model, which officials and representatives of state institutions moved to.

Most of the "ordinary people" just dreamed of a similar model, since there were no competitors with such dimensions in the USSR. All model range of gas.

History of car

Before the 60s of the twentieth century began, which was massively produced in the city of Gorky, already produced for some time and quite outdated, especially if we talk about the designer component.

Initially, a debut attempt to develop a car that could replace the 21st wave, the designer make up in 1960. In those days, the designer group was under the influence of American-made models, which were demonstrated at the 1959 Moscow Exhibition.

Based on this, you should not be very surprised due to the project designed by a group of specialists future car The 2nd family had a line of majority of foreign vehicle Thoms. Although, a bit of "Volga" brushed on a certain car, how Ford was 1959 production. However, anyway, it is impossible to call it with copying.

And now, after two years later, in 1961, the design department headed by the general designer Alexander Nevzorov and designers Leonid Tsikolenko and Nikolai Kireyev began work on the design of the car, whatever could change the already familiar Volga-2121.

Serial production was planned to start the 50th anniversary of the Great October Revolution, which was noted in 1967, however, due to the unfavorable economic situation, the plans were violated. One of the reasons why the release of the 24th model was delayed, it was only under construction of the Volga Automobile Plant in Tolyatti.

But state structures could no longer deduct so many subsidies to employees of the enterprise. In addition, the Gorky Automobile Plant was instructed to establish the production and development of military vehicles, for example, BTR-60 and BTR-70, due to the exacerbation of the political situation in the world.

In the period from 1962 to 1965, about 6 search layouts of plasticine, which seriously differed from each other in appearance were built. By the time of the occurrence of 1965, the exterior of the car in general has already developed, it remains only to complete the development of aggregate parts.

Debut sketches of the 24th model had fashionable fins, bent panoramic front and rear glasses and two-color body color. This was influenced by the American fashion, which was quite popular in those days, as well as the fact that some designers of Gorkovsky car factory Passed training in the United States of America.

And it is impossible to say that this moment somehow negatively had its influence on the automotive industry of the domestic car. During tracking all world cars of those times, the Specialists of the Gorky enterprise saw that the aerodynamic component of their machines seriously loses restrained styles that they produced.

This entailed the refusal of the younger sister "Seagulls" - its design decision was not applied to the novelty. It is impossible to say that the gas-24 car began to quickly produce. There were problems with the beginning of the serial release, which depended not only from the Gorky Automobile Plant. This required not one year, but the effort was worth it.

It is very curious that initially, similar to the Japanese, put on the machines of the rear visibility mirrors on the hood, but in Japan, such a decision was made in order to timely detect cyclists. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics simply, most likely copied this implementation.

However, later the mirrors were placed in their standard area - and there was only a driver's door mirror. 1965 was the first to be the first when incomprehensible "foreign cars" began to ride - prototypes of the 24th model, which possessed SUPER named. They allowed to test various variations of power units and gear shift boxes.

This model came the entire USSR, along with American cars. And it is impossible to say that the tests were insignificant, they had state importance. The test result showed that GAZ-24 is not inferior to foreign analogues.

Despite lowering (10 mm) road Suitcompared with the last GAZ-21, the car did not infer the functionality on bad road. A little later, the car was checked in a taxi, initially for what purpose it was created.

In 1966, the Soviet government allocated on a large-scale reconstruction of about 125,000,000 rubles, which in those times was just a huge number. What for? Everything is very simple - GAZ-24, if it is compared with GAZ-21, it became much more complicated in the technical plan, therefore, and the introduction of new equipment was required.

It will not be superfluous to recall that the Savolzhsky Motor Plant (ZMZ), which made a power unit for the 24th model, was the first worldwide, where they developed and used high-performance technology for casting aluminum engine cylinders under pressure.

The first experienced party, for a full 1968, the conveyor was only 31 units with marking GAZ 24. The mid-1970 provided for a complete cessation of the construction of the last 21st Volga, so the Gorky enterprise passenger cars Fully started working on a fresh model. Interestingly, the car has acquired even imported equipment.

Exterior

Notwithstanding for a long time of development, the appearance of the gas-24 sedan almost did not undergo change, although the design composition sometimes rejected the radiator grille, supplied the car that pair, then 4 headlights.

But it was decided to accept the body with a pair of headlights and a frequency of the slotes of the famous "Whale Us" in vertical execution. It is worth noting that a similar solution has already been applied at the last family of vehicles of the Gorky Automobile Plant.

In addition, the 24th Volga with a similar appearance will exist until 1984, and in fact - until the completion of production. The front of the car has become much better and immediately liked many car enthusiasts. Here it was already impossible to find those large and distinguished elements of headlights, a massive radiator lattice.

The last part has become a little already and longer, and on the sides it was crowned by a couple of headlights. The bumper, installed in front, in the "first series" of the 24th sedan did not receive fangs, but there were sidewalls of the number plate signs from chromium under the bumper.

The hood turned out to be long and almost even, with the exception of a small climbing in the middle. Windshield It became more modern and increased the aerodynamic indicators of the car as a whole. Most, if not everyone, fell in love with GAZ-24 "Volga" and just dreamed of acquiring it to themselves.

The lateral part demonstrated the longest sedan among all those produced at that time domestic cars. Perhaps this is exactly what gas-24 trump card before the same. The front side range had an inscription above the Wheel "Volga", although it is difficult to imagine that people who could confuse, say, with Zhigul.

The designer composition could not immediately decide on the caps of the wheels. Some experienced cars were supplied with the wheel closing the wheel cap. The right side of the sedan had a refueling department, which opened with the help of the key. Door handles received a metal color, and you could open the door with the help of the button.

Initially, on the side part there were lanterns on "scallops" of ventilation deflectors, but later the GAZ-24-10 model no longer had lanterns. The feed part of the GAZ-24 also turned out to be radically new. Cars "First Series" got rear bumper without fangs, however they had separate from rear Lights How to meet the backbone on the back body panel.

It was difficult not to notice just a huge size of the door of the luggage compartment, which was opened with the help of the key and the rotary mechanism, which set around the nest of the lock itself.

The last solution seems very successful and unusual, which clearly allocated a sedan among other competitors, which, in fact, was not in fact. Trumpet exhaust system was with the traditional right side.

Interior

After entering the Salon of GAZ-24 Volga immediately noticeable that free space It became really more, despite almost unchanged dimensions. However, the interior decoration on the sedan did not differ as sophisticated, despite the last century of production. The seats were quite comfortable, which smoothed the first sensations from visiting the cabin.

The debut issues of the car received the presence of an armrest, which was established between the front chairs. A little later, he stopped applying in the interior. The Salon of the GAZ-24-10 model was fully updated, which made it possible to have comfortable head restraints and a full-fledged clutch upholstery.

The dashboard is not highlighted with luxuriousness. The front part was glued to the film under the tree. The glove box looked simple, there was no any finish. The bottom of the panel turned out to be iron type, and steering wheel - Quite large with a thin rim.

After 1985, the improvement was significantly reflected in these details, where the steering wheel was reduced in diameter, and his rim added widely in width. The dashboard has been fundamentally changed, now there was much more plastic details.

The upholstery of the interior was not particularly retracted by the difference. The upholstery was performed from the leatherette, and the colors were separated for the presence of brown, gray and red. A little later replaced a ribbon type speedometer on a standard shooter, which was more workable and not so quickly failed.

Also, the car received finishing door panels having a horizontal drawing, there was static seat belts for sitting ahead and rear, because of what, just, and removed the front armrest, the new seat upholstery and other changes.

Specifications

Force aggregate

During the design of the 24th models, first thought over the installation of three types of power units - the presence of a six-cylinder, four-cylinder and V-shaped eight-cylinder was envisaged.

The model with six cylinders was immediately removed, and the 8-cylinder engines were most often for special services and cars, which are at government agencies. "Eight" walked in most cases for special services, where a powerful engine was required and good dynamic characteristics.

Based on this, it is not difficult to guess that a 4-cylinder engine with a topless arrangement was as the basic power unit. Its volume was 2.445 liters. For 100 km fuel consumption was about 15 liters (according to the passport 12).

The model with a 4-cylinder engine walked in a pair of variations - 95 (AI-93) and 85 (A-76) of horsepower. All differences in the power units consisted in the head of the cylinder block. The engine, which was done under the 76th gasoline, the head was higher, which was reflected in the increased combustion chamber.

The four-cylinder motor was produced for GAZ-24 until 1985, when the machines began to put ZMZ 402/4021. New models of power units received a modified block of cylinders and the head of the cylinder block. His core modernization almost did not touch, only began to use the presence of an upgraded high-performance oil pump.

Transmission

Cars that were supplied with octambill force aggregatewere synchronized with the automatic three-step gearbox. However, it was rarely seen on the 24th Volga.

More often, it was possible to meet a mechanical four-stage gearbox with synchronizers at all speeds. The clutch is represented by dry one-skate. Type of clutch - hydraulic.

Suspension

The front suspension had a pivot type. She stood on the transverse levers and had cylindrical springs. And the rear was residual with springs. Shock absorbers stood a hydraulic telescopic type with bilateral effect.

Steering

The steering mechanism represented the presence of a global worm with a three-grab roller. There was an anti-theft and a trauma-safe coupling.

Brake system

To workers brake system included the presence of drum mechanisms on all wheels with hydraulic drive and an amplifier, separator and alarm for the refusal of one of the contours. The parking brake system included a mechanical drive on the brake devices of the rear wheels.

External modernization

The car often was often subjected to some upgrades. For example, until 1975, they changed the shape of the external mirrors of the rear visibility, put more fresh, comfortable and confident in the reliability of the luggage compartment lock, the rear racks of the roof had the presence of parking lights, which were lit when people landed.

The car has always improved. Initially, we decided to remove the rearview mirror from the right front wing. In turn, the left was moved to the rack of windshield. During the 1976-1978, a debut-based high modernization of the Volga was produced.

This many is called the start of the production of the second generation GAZ 24. These years allowed the car to get "fangs" on the bumper, where there were rubber inserts, there was also a presence fog lightswhich are located on the bumper installed in front.

Rear lights began to have built-in catathotes. The mid-80s allowed experts to subjected to a car with new improvements, which were more substantial and radical.

As a result, the GAZ-24-10 car was released, which is often referred to as the 3rd frequency family of the 24th Volga. In the car there were lanterns on the deflectors of the ventilation system, changed the cladding of the radiator grid from chromium on the usual plastic black. On wheels began to establish the presence of new plastic caps.

It is very important that the glass installed from behind, instead of blowing with warm air acquired electrical heating. However, all changes were not made at the same time. Since 1986, it was already the presence of recessed door handles, which were mounted in a body plane. The windows were removed on the windows of the front doors, there were simple bumpers without fangs. The dimensions were removed, the headlights of the head lighting began to perform their option.

Cost

Buy new GAZ-24 will not work. But secondary market Car offers decent choice Techniques, cost begins approximately 150,000 rubles. The more expensive the price, the "younger" sedan and the more qualitative it is. If the car was safely preserved, it is logical to expect that the owner will ask for more.

Pros and cons

Pluses of cars

• Quality body of the Volga;
• Little price policy and the ease of interchangeability of spare parts and parts;
• Pleasant and stylish appearance (for years);
• Improved aerodynamic component, compared with past models (GAZ-21);
• Good power units;
• Cute height of the road lumen;
• Good volume of luggage compartment;
• Comfortable seats with armrests;
• Good dynamic characteristics;
• Soft suspension that allows you to swallow most irregularities and pits;
• Many modifications;
• Not afraid of loads;
• Small radius of the car turning, despite the large dimensions;
• Understandable dashboard;
• Unpretentious to fuel machine;
• There are seat belts;
• Large volume of luggage compartment;
• The height of the body has become lower;
• The quality of the design of the manual brake has increased;
• The front suspension beam has become more durable and reliable;
• Increased the quality of the paintwork body cover and body parts;
• Good visibility inside the car;
• The interior has become lighter.